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Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Banyak mahasiswa memiliki distres psikologis tinggi karena menghadapi berbagai masalah dan tuntutan baik akademis maupun non akademis. Keterampilan sosial telah teridentifikasi dalam model distres psikologis sebagai sumber yang penting bagi individu untuk mengelola stres. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini ingin mengetahui efektivitas pelatihan keterampilan sosial untuk membantu mahasiswa meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan menurunkan distres psikologis yang dialaminya. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah one group pre test post test design. Partisipan penelitian merupakan mahasiswa S1 Universitas Indonesia dalam rentang usia 18-25 tahun yang memiliki masalah keterampilan sosial dan distres psikologis. Masalah keterampilan sosial ditandai dengan skor rendah pada setidaknya satu dimensi Social Skills Inventories (SSI) dan atau ketimpangan skor diantara dimensi SSI yang dilihat dari jarak SD ≥ 6,3 untuk pria dan SD ≥ 5,4 untuk wanita. Masalah distres psikologis ditandai dengan skor Hopkins Symptom Check List-25 (HSCL- 25) ≥ 1,75. Program intervensi dilakukan dalam bentuk workshop 2 hari dengan waktu efektif 14 jam pelatihan. Hasil: Berdasarkan perbandingan pengukuran pra dan pasca intervensi, ditemukan bahwa tidak ada partisipan yang memiliki skor rendah pada tiap dimensi keterampilan sosial. Tujuh dari delapan partisipan memiliki keseimbangan skor antar dimensi yang lebih baik. Seluruh partisipan mengalami penurunan skor HSCL-25, setengah darinya berada di bawah cut off score. Kesimpulan: Pelatihan keterampilan sosial efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan menurunkan distres psikologis pada mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia. ......Background: Many university students have a high psychological distress because of the academic and non academic problems and challenges. Social skills has identified in the psychological distress model as important source for managing stress. This study examines the implementation of social skills training to help university students increase social skills and decrease psychological distress. Method: The research design is one group pre test post test design. The participants are University of Indonesia undergraduate students with age range from 18 to 25 years old. Social skills problem is stated if there is low score at least in one dimension of Social Skills Inventories (SSI) and or unbalanced score between the dimensions of SSI which based on SD ≥ 6,3 (male) and SD ≥ 5,4 (female). Psychological distress problem is stated if score of HSCL-25 ≥ 1,75. The format of intervention is two days workshop with 14 hours training duration. Result: In accordance to the differential between pre and post intervention, there is no more low score in every SSI's dimensions. Seven from eight participants has a better balanced score between SSI's dimensions. All participants has lower score of HSCL-25. Half of the scores has already under the cut off score. Conclusion: Social skills training is marked effective in increasing social skills and decreasing psychological distress for University of Indonesia undergraduate students.

Abstrak :
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah perceived social support dan penggunaan social networking sites (SNS) memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap distres psikologis. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap Mahasiswa (n=681). Untuk mengumpulkan data digunakan alat ukur Kessler Psychological Scale (K10), The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), dan Social Media Use Integration Scale (SMUIS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perceived social support secara signifikan berpengaruh dalam mengurangi tingkat distres psikologis mahasiswa (p < 0,001), sedangkan penggunaan SNS secara signifikan berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan distres psikologis pada mahasiswa (p < 0,001). Jika dibandingkan, perceived social support terbukti lebih kuat untuk mengurangi tingkat distres psikologis. ......The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of perceived social support and social networking sites use on psychological distress. The respondents of this study are university students (n=681). This study uses Kessler Psychological Scale (K10), The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Social Media Use Integration Scale (SMUIS) as instruments to gather data(s). The result of this study shows that theres a significant role of perceived social support in decreasing students psychological distress (p < 0,001) and theres a significant role of SNS Use in increasing students on psychological distress (p < 0,001).

Abstrak :
Adanya ketidakstabilan yang disebabkan oleh salah satu karakterisitik pada emerging adults, yaitu eksplorasi diri yang memberikan dampak perubahan pada beberapa aspek kehidupan, seperti identitas diri, hubungan romantis, pekerjaan, dan hubungan dengan orang sekitar seringkali meningkatkan psychological distress pada emerging adults yang ditandai dengan timbulnya rasa cemas dan depresi. Pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak dalam mengembangkan keberfungsian pada dewasa muda dan menjadi stressor tambahan bagi emerging adults. Dalam literatur-literatur sebelumnya, ditemukan bahwa differentiation of self yang merupakan kemampuan individu untuk menyeimbangkan otonomi diri dan hubungan positif dengan keluarga, memiliki hubungan terhadap tingkat psychological distress pada emerging adults. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah differentiation of self dapat memprediksi psychological distress pada emerging adults di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini memperoleh sebanyak 300 orang emerging adults. Pengukuran differentiation of self dilakukan menggunakan alat ukur Differentiation of Self Inventory – Short Form (DSI–SF), sementara pengukuran psychological distress dilakukan menggunakan alat ukur The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). Dari data yang dikumpulkan kuesioner daring, dilakukan analisis regresi linear untuk menguji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa differentiation of self secara signifikan memprediksi psychological distress pada emerging adults di masa pandemi COVID-19 (R2 = 0,291, adjusted R2 = 0,281, p < 0,05). Oleh karena itu, keluarga diharapkan dapat membangun hubungan yang positif untuk meningkatkan differentiation of self pada emerging adults guna menghindari meningkatnya psychological distress individu. ......The existence of instability caused by one of the characteristics of emerging adults, namely self-exploration which has an impact on several aspects of life, such as self-identity, romantic relationships, work, and relationships with people around them often increases psychological distress on emerging adults who characterized by the emergence of feelings of anxiety and depression. The COVID-19 pandemic is having an impact on developing functioning in emerging adults and being an added stressor for emerging adults. In previous literature, it was found that self-differentiation, which is an individual's ability to balance self-autonomy and positive relationships with family, has a relationship with the level of psychological distress in emerging adults. This study aims to see whether self-differentiation can predict psychological distress in emerging adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study obtained as many as 300 emerging adults. The measurement of differentiation of self was carried out using the Differentiation of Self Inventory – Short Form (DSI–SF) measuring instrument, while the measurement of psychological distress was carried out using The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) measuring instrument. From the data collected by the online questionnaire, linear regression analysis was performed to test the hypothesis. The results show that differentiation of self significantly predicts psychological distress in emerging adults during the COVID-19 pandemic (R2 = 0,291, adjusted R2 = 0,281, p < 0,05). Therefore, families are expected to be able to build positive relationships to increase differentiation of self in emerging adults in order to avoid increasing individual psychological distress.

Abstrak :
Masyarakat miskin dan kelompok usia emerging adulthood rentan mengalami distres psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara optimisme dan distres psikologis emerging adults miskin di DKI Jakarta. Optimisme diukur dengan Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) dan distres psikologis diukur dengan Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 261 orang dengan rentang usia 18-29 tahun, terdiri dari 92 (35,2%) laki-laki dan 169 (64,8%) perempuan. Dengan analisis Pearson Correlation, ditemukan hasil bahwa optimisme memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan distres psikologis (r(259) = -0,161, p = 0,009, two-tailed) dan r2 = 0,026.

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The poor and emerging adults groups are vulnerable to psychological distress. This study aim to examine the relationship between optimism and psychological distress among poor emerging adults in DKI Jakarta. Optimism was measured by the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) and psychological distress measured by Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). The participants in this study were 261 with age range of 18-29 years old, consisting of 92 (35,2%) man and 169 (64,8%) women. With Pearson Correlation analysis, it was found that optimism had a significant relationship with psychological distress (r(259) = -0,161, p = 0,009, two-tailed) and r2 = 0,026.

Abstrak :
Meskipun mahasiswa telah mempersepsikan dukungan sosial yang berasal dari berbagai sumber, distres psikologis pada mahasiswa masih sering terjadi dan memiliki urgensi tinggi untuk diperhatikan dan diatasi. Perceived social support sebagai faktor sosial memengaruhi distres psikologis pada individu melalui persepsi bahwa dirinya dicintai, dipedulikan dan dihargai oleh orang lain sehingga individu merasa lebih percaya diri dalam mengatasi stresor. Self-compassion sebagai proses kognitif yang berperan dalam penilaian positif terhadap stresor melalui pemberian belas kasih dan kepedulian pada diri sendiri. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 416 mahasiswa berstatus aktif dalam rentang usia antara 18 hingga 25 tahun. Variabel distres diukur menggunakan Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL), perceived social support diukur menggunakan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) dan self-compassion menggunakan Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Analisis utama regresi linear berganda untuk mengetahui pengaruh perceived social support dan self-compassion terhadap distres psikologis. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif yang signifikan dari perceived social support terhadap distres psikologis dan terdapat pengaruh negatif yang signifikan dari self-compassion terhadap distres psikologis ......Although students have received social support from various sources, psychological distress on students is still common and has a high urgency to be noticed and overcome. Social support as a social factor influences psychological distress in individuals through the belief that they are loved, cared for and valued by others so that individuals feel more confident in dealing with stressors. Self-compassion as a cognitive process plays a role in positive appraisal of stressors through giving compassion and self-care. Participants in this study were 416 active status students in the age range between 18 to 25 years. Distress variables are measured using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL), social support is measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and self-compassion using the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The main analysis of multiple linear regression is to determine the influence of social support and self-compassion on psychological distress. The results found that there was a significant positive effect of social support on psychological distress and there was a significant negative effect of self-compassion on psychological distress.

Abstrak :
Selama menjalani pengobatan kanker payudara, pasien dan penyintas rentan mengalami psychological distress yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan mereka dalam menjalani pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana hubungan psychological distress dan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan dengan moderator dukungan sosial pada pasien dan penyintas kanker payudara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang melibatkan 129 pasien dan penyintas kanker payudara dari berbagai komunitas kanker payudara melalui teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa psychological distress berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan (t(127)= -4,722, p<0,05), di mana 14,3% varians dari skor kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan dapat dijelaskan oleh psychological distress. Dukungan sosial secara signifikan berhubungan dengan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan (t(127)= 4,911, p < 0,05), di mana 15,3% varians dari skor kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan dapat dijelaskan oleh dukungan sosial. Hasil analisis interaksi antara dukungan sosial dan psychological distress ditemukan tidak dapat memengaruhi kepatuhan secara signifikan (t(127)=0,401, p>0,05), sehingga dukungan sosial tidak memoderatori hubungan antara psychological distress dan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan pada pasien dan penyintas kanker payudara. ......During breast cancer treatment, patients and survivors are prone to experiencing psychological distressm which can affect their adherence in undergoing treatment. This study aims to see the relationship between psychological distress and adherence to treatment with social support as a moderator in breast cancer patients and survivors. This research is a quantitative study involving 129 patients and survivors of breast cancer from various breast cancer communities through purposive sampling techniques. The results of this study indicate that psychological distress is significantly correlated to adherence to treatment (t(127) = -4.722, p <0.05), where 14.3% of treatment adherence variance can be explained by psychological distress. Social support was significantly correlated to adherence to treatment (t(127) = 4.911, p<0.05), where 15.3% of treatment adherence variance could be explained by social support. Statistical analysis found that the interaction between social support and psychological distress could not significantly affect adherence (t(127) = 0.401, p> 0.05), so social support did not moderate the relationship between psychological distress and adherence to treatment in patients and survivors of breast cancer.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Selama pandemi COVID-19 dokter gigi merupakan salah satu tenaga medis yang memiliki risiko tinggi tertular akibat pekerjaannya. Selain itu, tekanan yang cukup besar selama pandemi ini berdampak pada masalah kesehatan mental dokter gigi salah satunya psychological distress. Tujuan: Untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai psychological distress dokter gigi serta mengetahui perbedaan psychological distress berdasarkan berbagai karakteristik. Metode: Studi cross-sectional berupa kuesioner daring kepada dokter gigi di wilayah DKI Jakarta pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2021. Dilakukan uji bivariat dengan uji Fisher’s Exact Test dan Continuity Correction. Hasil: 14,7% dokter gigi mengalami psychological distress selama pandemi COVID-19. Mayoritas dokter gigi menunjukkan ketakutan terpapar COVID-19 selama berpraktik, memiliki cukup pengetahuan mengenai COVID-19, efikasi diri yang rendah, serta subjective overload yang rendah. Terdapat perbedaan proporsi yang bermakna (p<0,05) psychological distress berdasarkan usia, status pernikahan, kecukupan pengetahuan mengenai COVID-19, dan subjective overload. Kesimpulan: Terdapat dokter gigi di DKI Jakarta yang mengalami psychological distress selama masa pandemi COVID-19. ......Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, dentists are one of the medical personnel with a high risk of contracting the disease due to their work. In addition, the considerable pressure during this pandemic impact the dentist’s mental health problem one of them is psychological distress. Objective: To obtain information about the dentists’ psychological distress and to determine the differences in psychological distress based on various characteristic Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to dentists in DKI Jakarta from October to December 2021. A bivariate test was performed using the Fisher's Exact Test and Continuity Correction. Results: 14.7% of dentists experienced psychological stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most dentist showed fear of being exposed to COVID-19 during dental practice, had sufficient knowledge about COVID-19, low self-efficacy, and subjective overload. There is a significant difference in the proportion (p-value <0.05) of psychological distress based on age, marital status, knowledge about COVID-19, and subjective overload. Conclusion: There are dentists in DKI Jakarta who experience psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstrak :
Fenomena COVID-19 menimbulkan distres pada dewasa muda. Distres dewasa muda salah satunya disebabkan oleh interaksi di dalam keluarga, saat dewasa muda harus tinggal bersama keluarga selama masa pandemi. Studi kuantitatif ini bertujuan untuk melihat keberfungsian keluarga sebagai prediktor distres psikologis pada dewasa muda selama pandemi COVID-19. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 411 orang berusia 18 sampai 25 tahun (M=20,7). Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Family Assessment Device (FAD) dan General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Ditemukan bahwa keberfungsian keluarga secara signifikan dapat memprediksi distres psikologis pada orang dewasa muda (R2 = 0,235, p<0,05) dan dimensi komunikasi dalam keberfungsian keluarga dapat memprediksi secara signifikan distres psikologis dewasa muda (β= -0,245, p<0,05). Lebih lanjut, ditemukan distres psikologis yang lebih tinggi pada dewasa muda perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki dan laki-laki mempersepsikan keberfungsian keluarganya lebih baik dari perempuan. ......The COVID-19 phenomenon causes distress in young adults. One of the causes of young adults distress is due to interactions within the family, when young adults have to live with their families during the pandemic. This quantitative study aims to look at family functioning as a predictor of psychological distress in young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants in this study were 411 people aged 18 to 25 years (M=20,7). The measuring instruments used in this study were the Family Assessment Device (FAD) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). It was found that family functioning significantly predicts psychological distress in young adults (R2 = 0.235, p<0.05) and the communication dimension in family functioning can significantly predict psychological distress in young adults (β= -0.245, p<0.05). Furthermore, it was found that psychological distress was higher in young adult women than men and men perceived their family functioning as better than women.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang setiap tahun, tidak kurang dari 5.000 remaja ditahan akibat melakukan tindakan kriminalitas, dari yang ringan hingga berat. Lingkungan tahanan merupakan lingkungan yang dipenuhi oleh paparan kekerasan dan keterbatasan. Sementara bagi yang akan dibebaskan atau tahap reentry, situasinya juga memiliki tantangan tersendiri. Hal-hal tersebut merupakan sesuatu yang menyebabkan tingginya kerentanan anak didik Lapas terhadap kemunculan distress. Di Amerika, 60.5% remaja yang ditahan dan berada pada tahap reentry mengalami kesehatan mental kronis. Dari jumlah tersebut, sebagian besar mengalami depresi dan gangguan cemas, seperti PTSD. Bentuk distress psikologis yang umum ditemukan adalah kecemasan dan depresi. Distress tinggi dapat menyebabkan beberapa gangguan, seperti perilaku merusak dan kesulitan penyesuaian diri setelah bebas. Oleh karena itu, distress anak didik Lapas tahap reentry perlu mendapatkan intervensi psikologis. Salah satu bentuk intervensi yang efektif adalah Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT bertujuan mengubah bentuk hubungan individu dengan permasalahannya, bukan lagi memandang sebagai simptom, namun sebagai suatu fenomena psikologis yang wajar dan kemudian mengarahkan tindakan yang dimiliki kepada sesuatu yang sifatnya lebih produktif. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan one group-before and after study design dan accidental sampling. Intervensi ini dilakukan sebanyak 6 sesi. Hasil Dua partisipan mengalami penurunan tingkat distress psikologi yang diketahui melalui penurunan skor Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). Semantara satu partisipan lainnya mengalami kenaikan tingkat distress psikologis. Evaluasi kualitatif menunjukkan penurunan tingkat distress psikologis setelah pelaksanaan intervensi. Kesimpulan ACT efektif dalam menurunkan tingkat distress psikologis pada anak didik Lapas Tangerang. Hal ini terbukti terutama melalui pengukuran secara kualitatif.

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ABSTRACT
Background Each year, not less than 5,000 teenagers were arrested as a result of criminal acts, from mild to severe. Prison is a high risk environment that is filled by exposure to violence and limitations. As for who at reentry phase or freed soon, the situation also has its own challenges. These things are something that causes high susceptibility to the emergence of distress. In the U.S., 60.5% of adolescents who were arrested and are at the stage of reentry experiencing chronic mental health. Of these, most are experiencing depression and anxiety disorders, such as PTSD. Common Forms of psychological distress are anxiety and depression. High distress can cause several problems, such as conduct behavior and adjustment difficulties after release. Therefore, distress at reentry youth prisoner needs to get psychological intervention. One of intervention that effective to treat psychological distress is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT aims to change the shape of the individual's relationship with the problems, no longer looked upon it as a symptom, but as a psychological phenomenon that is reasonable and then direct the actions to something that is more productive. Methods This study used a one-group before and after study design and accidental sampling. The intervention was carried out for 6 sessions. Results Two participants experienced a decrease in the level of psychological distress is known through a reduction in Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL- 25) score. Moreover the other participants experienced an increase psychological distress. Qualitative evaluation showed decreased levels of psychological distress after the implementation of the intervention. Conclusion ACT is an effective intervention in lowering the level of reentry youth prisoner’s psychological distress at Lapas Anak Tangerang. This is evident primarily through qualitative measurements.

Abstrak :

ABSTRAK 

Kecemasan dan depresi merupakan distres psikologis yang sering terjadi pada pasien kanker ginekologi. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh koping yang maladaptif dan gangguan pada kesejahteraan spiritual pasien kanker ginekologi. Intervensi spiritual merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam meningkatkan koping dan kesejahteraan spiritual pasien kanker ginekologi guna menurunkan kecemasan dan depresi pada pasien kanker ginekologi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas intervensi spiritual terhadap kecemasan, depresi, koping dan kesejahteraan spiritual pada pasien kanker ginekologi. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental pre and post test design with control group pada 108 orang pasien di satu rumah sakit rujukan di Bandung, Jawa Barat. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah consecutive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Brief Cope dan Functional Assessment Chronic Illness Therapy Spiritual Well Being (FACIT Sp). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perubahan rerata skor kecemasan dan depresi pada kelompok intervensi setelah mendapatkan intervensi spiritual (p=0,001). Terdapat perbedaan rerata skor kecemasan dan depresi antara kelompok intervensi dan non intervensi (p=0,001). Perubahan rerata skor koping pada kelompok intervensi baik pada subskala problem focused coping (p=0,013) dan subskala emotion focused coping (p=0,001). Perubahan rerata kesejahteraan spiritual pada kelompok intervensi meliputi subskala meaning (p=0,031), faith (p=0,036) dan subskala peace (p=0,006) pada kelompok intervensi setelah mendapatkan intervensi spiritual. Penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa setelah intervensi spiritual terdapat perbedaan rerata skor koping (p=0,004) dan kesejahteraan spiritual (p=0,001) antara kelompok intervensi dan non intervensi. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah dilakukannya intervensi spiritual sebagai bagian dari asuhan keperawatan holistik bagi pasien kanker khususnya kanker ginekologi.

Kata Kunci: depresi, intervensi spiritual, kanker, kecemasan, kesejahteraan, koping

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ABSTRACT

Anxiety and depression are psychological distress that often occurs in gynecological cancer patients. This is caused by maladaptive coping and disruption to the spiritual well-being. Spiritual intervention is one alternative in improving coping and spiritual well-being of gynecological cancer patients to reduce anxiety and depression in gynecological cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of spiritual interventions on anxiety, depression, coping and spiritual well-being in gynecological cancer patients. Design of this study was quasi experimental pre and post test design with a control group at 108 patients in a referral hospital in Bandung, West Java. Sampling methods was consecutive sampling. The instruments used in this study were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Brief Cope and Functional Assessment Chronic Illness Therapy Spiritual Well Being (FACIT Sp). Results showed that there was a change in the mean score of anxiety and depression in the intervention group after getting a spiritual intervention (p = 0.001). There were differences in mean scores for anxiety and depression between the intervention and non-intervention groups (p = 0.001). The average change in coping scores in the intervention group both on the problem focused coping subscale (p = 0.013) and the emotion focused coping subscale (p = 0.001). The mean changes in spiritual well-being in the intervention group included the subscale meaning (p = 0.031), faith (p = 0.036) and the peace subscale (p = 0.006) in the intervention group after receiving spiritual intervention. Research also shows that after spiritual intervention there are differences in mean coping scores (p = 0.004) and spiritual well-being (p = 0.001) between the intervention and nonintervention groups. The implication of this research is that spiritual intervention is part of holistic nursing care for cancer patients, especially gynecological cancer.