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Abstrak :
The recent studies have concluded that older adults with declining health conditions tend to have a negative self perception of aging. On the other hand, social relationship of people nearby can improve self perceptions of aging. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between perceived social support and self-perception of aging in older adults with chronic illness. This study hypothesized that perceived social support correlates positively and significantly with self perception of aging. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) is used to measure perceived social support and Attitudes Toward Own Aging (ATOA) is used to measure self perception of aging. 127 older adults are involved in this study, consisting of 46 males (36,2%) and 81 females (63,8%). Based on statistical analysis using Pearson Correlation, it is found that perceived social support correlate positively and significantly with self perception of aging (r=0,250; n=127; p<0,01, one tailed).

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Beberapa penelitian terkini melihat bahwa lansia dengan kondisi kesehatan yang menurun cenderung memiliki persepsi negatif terhadap penuaan. Di sisi lain, adanya hubungan sosial dari orang terdekat dapat meningkatkan persepsi terhadap penuaan yang lebih positif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perceived social support dan self perception of aging pada lansia dengan penyakit kronis. Penelitian ini memiliki hipotesis bahwa perceived social support memiliki hubungan yang positif dan signifikan dengan self perception of aging. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat ukur Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) untuk mengukur perceived social support dan Attitudes Toward Own Aging (ATOA) digunakan untuk mengukur self perception of aging. Penelitian ini melibatkan 127 lansia yang terdiri dari, 46 orang laki-laki (36,2%) dan 81 orang perempuan (63,8%). Berdasarkan pengolahan data menggunakan teknik statistik Pearson Correlation, ditemukan bahwa perceived social support berkorelasi positif dan signifikan dengan self perception of aging (r = 0,250; n = 127; p < 0,01, one tailed).

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
pain is one of the most often symptoms experienced by patients with advanced or chronic diseases which can cause a decrease in the quality of life of palliative patients. Pain in palliative patients has not yet received enough attention, especially factors associated with pain and its management. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with pain in palliative patients and also assess whether there is a two-way relationship between psychological factors and pain. In addition, we will also see whether spiritual services play a role in relieving pain. Methods: cross-sectional study were used and secondary data were obtained from medical records of 285 palliative patients at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. The data were processed to determine the psycho-socio-demographic characteristics, the reciprocal relationships of psychological and pain aspects, and the relationship of pharmacological therapy (opioids), non-pharmacological therapy (spiritual services), and combination of both therapies in pain management. Results: of the 285 palliative patients, 60.3% had pain, which was found more in cancer patients (74.4% vs 25.6%). Pain was found more in patients aged 41-60 years (51.1%), women (51.2%), and unemployed (30.2%). The severity of the pain was found to be significant in patients with depressive symptoms (p=0.045), while patients with anxiety symptoms (p=0.155) and sleep disorders (p=0.619) had no significant relationship. Pain experienced by palliative patients was not statistically significant in causing depression (p=0.058), anxiety (p=0.107), and sleep disorder (p=0.639). Moreover, pain management with opioids, spiritual services, or combination of them turned out to have significant results (p=0.022). Conclusion: pain in palliative patients is mainly experienced by cancer patients and the elderly. Psychological factors affect the condition of pain, so the management that includes biopsychosocial aspect will be able to reduce pain significantly.

Abstrak :
Penyakit Tidak Menular PTM merupakan penyebab utama kematian di dunia. PTM atau penyakit kronis ini tidak dapat disembuhkan sehingga dibutuhkan penanganan khusus. Prevalensi PTM di DKI Jakarta paling tinggi di Jakarta Selatan. Program rujuk balik merupakan program BPJS Kesehatan untuk menangani peserta dengan penyakit kronis yang sudah dinyatakan stabil dan telah dirujuk kembali ke faskes primer. Tujuan penelitian ini ingin mengetahui implementasi pelaksanaan PRB di wilayah kerja BPJS Kesehatan Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi program rujuk balik sudah berjalan sesuai dengan ketentuan namun masih terdapat kendala dalam pelaksanaannya terutama obat-obatan. Untuk itu perlu adanya perhatian untuk memenuhi obat-obatan agar PRB berjalan dengan efektif. ......Non-Communicable diseases (NCD) also known as chronic diseases are by far the leading cause of death in the world. The disease generally takes place in a long period of time. The prevalence of NCD in DKI Jakarta is highest in South Jakarta. The Counter Referral Program CRP is BPJS Kesehatan rsquo s program to accommodate people with chronic diseases that has been declared stable and has been referred back to primary health care. The purpose of this research is to know the implementation of CRP in working area of BPJS Kesehatan in South Jakarta. The results showed that the implementation of CRP has been running in accordance with the provisions but there are still obstacles in the implementation, especially in medicines. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to fulfill medicines so that CRP will be effective.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) merupakan bentuk paling parah dari peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Sebanyak 25% pasien CLTI memiliki risiko amputasi tungkai mayor dan 25% lainnya akan meninggal karena penyakit kardiovaskular dalam 1 tahun. Risiko amputasi ini dapat diprediksi menggunakan sistem skoring Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection (WIfI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan profil amputasi menggunakan skor Wound, Ischemia, foot Infection pada subjek chronic limb threatening ischemia di Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). Metode: Pengambilan data retrospektif dari data registrasi divisi bedah vaskular dan rekam medis pada subjek dengan CLTI di RSCM berupa profil subjek, skor WIfI, dan status amputasi mayor dalam 1 tahun pasca diagnosis CLTI ditegakkan. Data selanjutnya dimasukkan ke program SPSS, dan dilakukan analisa data. Hasil analisa lalu dipaparkan dalam bentuk narasi dan tabel. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini usia rerata subjek adalah 58,1 ± 12,9 tahun dengan predominasi jenis kelamin laki-laki (58,3%). Komorbid pada subjek dari yang tersering adalah diabetes (82,1%), hipertensi (67,9%), gagal ginjal kronis (51,3%), dan penyakit jantung (33%). Derajat skor WIfI dengan derajat sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, dan tinggi secara berurutan adalah 6,4%, 9,6%, 35,9%, dan 48,1%. Angka amputasi mayor yang sesungguhnya pada subjek CLTI di RSCM untuk skor WIfI derajat sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, dan tinggi adalah 5%, 7%, 35%, dan 70%, sedangkan pada kepustakaan adalah 3%, 8%, 25%, dan 50%. ......Background: Chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) is the most severe form of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). As many as 25% of CLTI patients have a risk of major limb amputations and 25% will die due to cardiovascular event within 1 year. The risk of this major amputation can be predicted using the Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection (WIfI) scoring system. This study aims to compare the amputation profile using Wound, Ischemia, foot Infection scores in chronic limb threatening ischemia patients at the RSCM. Methods: Retrospective data collection from registry in vascular surgery division and medical records for patients with CLTI in RSCM were take, that is a patient profile, the comorbid disease, WIfI score, and the patient's major amputation status within 1 year after diagnosis of CLTI was established. The data then inputed to the SPSS program, and data analysis is performed. The results of the analysis are then presented in the form of narratives and tables. Result: The mean age of the subjects in this study was 58,1 ± 12,9 years with male as gender predominance (58,3%). The comorbids in the subjects were diabetes (82,1%), hypertension (67,9%), chronic kidney failure (51,3%), heart disease (33%). The WIfI scores with very low, low, medium, and high degrees are 6,4%, 9,6%, 35,9%, and 48,1% respectively. The major amputation rates in for WIfI scores with very low, low, medium, and high degrees are 5%, 7%, 35%, and 70%, while in the literature are 3%, 8%, 25%, and 50%.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Laju urbanisasi, modernisasi dan pertumbuhan penduduk di negara berkembang menjadi penyebab munculnya penyakit tidak menular (PTM). Indonesia dengan populasi 247 juta jiwa memiliki prosentase kematian akibat PTM sebesar 71% (1.106.000 jiwa) dan 23% meninggal usia muda. Sindrom metabolik (SM) adalah kumpulan faktor risiko meliputi obesitas, resistensi insulin, dislipidemia, dan hipertensi yang akan bermuara pada peningkatkan risiko terjadinya diabetes mellitus (DM) dan penyakit kardiovaskular (PKV). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan sindrom metabolik pada pegawai instansi pemerintah yang bekerja di lingkungan pelabuhan Tanjung Priok dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa prevalensi sindrom metabolik pada pegawai instansi pemerintah di lingkungan pelabuhan Tanjung Priok adalah sebesar 38,7 %. Variabel independen yang signifikan dengan kejadian sindrom metaboli yaitu umur (nilai p=0,0005), lama kerja (nilai p=0,0005), asupan karbohidrat (nilai p=0,032), dan aktifitas fisik (nilai p=0,003). Variabel yang paling dominan mempengaruhi sindrom metabolik adalah aktifitas fisik (OR=2,066; CI 95%=1,118-3,819). Individu dengan sindrom metabolik memiliki risiko 5 (lima) kali lebih besar untuk menderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dan berisiko 3 (tiga) kali lebih tinggi untuk menderita penyakit kardiovaskular. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi pencegahan seperti skrining, penyediaan pos PTM, peningkatan aktifitas fisik, dan konsumsi makanan sehat dan bergizi.

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ABSTRACT
Urbanization rate, modernization and population growth in developing countries becomes the causes of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Indonesia with a population of 247 million people has a percentage of deaths from NCDs by 71% (1.106 million people) and 23% died young. Metabolic syndrome (SM) is a collection of risk factors include obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension will lead to increasing the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this study was to determine what factors are associated with the metabolik syndrome on government employees who work in the port of Tanjung Priok using cross sectional design study. This study found that the prevalence of metabolik syndrome in employees of government agencies in the port of Tanjung Priok is 38.7%. The independent variables were significant with metabolik syndrome were age (p = 0.0005), duration of working (p = 0.0005), carbohydrate intake (p = 0.032) and physical activity (p = 0.003). The most dominant variable affecting the metabolik syndrome is a physical activity (OR = 2.066; 95% CI = 1.118 to 3.819). Individuals with metabolik syndrome have a risk five (5) times more likely to suffer from diabetes mellitus type 2 and risk of 3 (three) times more likely to suffer from cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct prevention strategies such as screening, provision of NCDs post, increasing physical activity, and consumption of healthy and nutritious food;

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh riwayat kondisi kronis dan jenis penyakit kronis terhadap keterbatasan fungsi mobilitas pada lansia di Indonesia berdasarkan data panel IFLS 3, IFLS 4, dan IFLS 5. Sampel merupakan balanced panel pada lansia usia 60 tahun keatas di IFLS 5, yang diamati sejak IFLS 3. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode random-effects ordered logistic models. Persepsi kesehatan subyektif, status perkawinan, status tempat tinggal, status pekerjaan, indeks massa tubuh, status pendidikan, jenis kelamin, dan umur digunakan sebagai variabel kontrol. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa seiring bertambahnya usia, probabilitas lansia untuk menderita keterbatasan fungsi mobilitas akan semakin meningkat; sedangkan riwayat kondisi kronis dan jenis penyakit kronis seperti diabetes, jantung, dan stroke berpengaruh terhadap keterbatasan fungsi mobilitas pada lansia di Indonesia. Variabel kontrol lainnya secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap keterbatasan fungsi mobilitas, kecuali untuk daerah tempat tinggal dan status perkawinan.

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This study aims to analyze the influence of chronic conditions and chronic diseases on elderly rsquo s mobility function in Indonesia using the panel data of IFLS 3, IFLS 4, and IFLS 5. The sample is a balanced panel of elderly aged 60 and above in IFLS 5, who have complete retrospective information and can be traced back since IFLS 3. This study uses the random effects ordered logistic models. The self assessed health status, marital status, residence area, working status, body mass index, education, gender, and age are used as covariates. The results suggest that the elderly probability of experiencing limited mobility function is increasing with age while chronic conditions and chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and stroke significantly affect the impairment of mobility function of the elderly in Indonesia. Other covariates also have significant effects on elderly rsquo s mobility function, except for residence area and marital status variables.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Banyak lansia harus menjalani pengobatan seumur hidup disebabkan oleh penyakit kronik. Kondisi lansia dengan penyakit kronik akan menimbulkan gejala-gejala yang mempengaruhi aspek fisik, psikologis, sosial dan spiritual. Spiritualitas memegang peranan penting terhadap kondisi kesehatan dan hubungan sosial sehingga makna hidup dapat dirasakan saat individu mampu melihat hikmah dari kejadian hidup yang dialami. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang pengalaman lansia dengan penyakit kronik memaknai hidup. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode fenomenologi deskriptif pada 13 lansia dengan penyakit kronis dengan menggunakan analisis tematik Collaizi. Hasil penelitian menemukan enam tema yaitu (1) mengalami reaksi proses berkabung, (2) keterbatasan finansial, mobilisasi dan kualitas ibadah, (3) fokus perilaku (behavior focus), (4) fokus spiritualitas (spiritual focus), (5) fokus kognitif (cognitive focus) (6) interaksi sosial, (7) transendensi diri, dan (8) jaminan kelangsungan hidup. Lansia dengan penyakit kronik merasakan masalah fisik dan psikologis menggunakan pola koping dalam memaknai hidup. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran dalam memberikan intervensi keperawatan terhadap lansia dengan penyakit kronik dalam memaknai hidup.

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ABSTRACT
Many elderly should undergo lifelong treatment caused by chronic illness. The elderly condition with chronic disease will cause symptoms that affect the physical, psychological, social and spiritual aspects. Spirituality plays an important role in health conditions and social relationships so that the meaning of life can be felt when the individual is able to see the wisdom of life events experienced. The purpose of the research was to figure out the elderly experience with chronic illness to their meaning of life. This research was using descriptive phenomenology method to 13 older with chronic illness by using thematic analysis of Collaizi. The research found six themes: (1) experiencing reaction of the mourning process, (2) financial limitations, mobilization, and quality of worship, (3) behavior focus, (4) spirituality focus, (5) cognitive focus (6) social interaction, (7) self-transcendence, and (8) survival of life guarantee. Elderly with chronic illness felt physical and psychological problem using the coping pattern to take the meaning of life. This study is expected to provide an overview in providing nursing intervention to the elderly with chronic illness to make meaning of life.