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"Pengembangan alat ukur menelaah perubahan psikologis, mental dan perilaku saat interaksi dalam konteks asuhan keperawatan melalui telaah hasil persepsi teruji, observasi pendamping, observasi dari penguji dan angket klien, sehingga dapat memberikan informasi diagnostik beban kerja mental. Selama interaksi perawat dengan klien dipengaruhi oleh jenis interaksi, kondisi klien, ketersediaan waktu, kemampuan berfikir kritis, kemampuan mengelola masalah, keseimbangan diri dan kontrol diri. Beban kerja mental saat interaksi dapat muncul apabila terjadi selisih kapasitas maksimum seorang perawat untuk dapat melakukan upaya fisik, mental, pengelolaan waktu, kinerja, upaya mengelola perasaan frustrasi dan effort dengan pengaruh yang muncul saat interaksi. Akibat terjadinya beban kerja mental dapat muncul perubahan fisik, perubahan perilaku dan perubahan psikologis. Pendekatan interpretasi menggunakan skala interval dan skala ordinal yang diisi oleh 596 partisipan dengan 11 case processing data. Penelitian dilaksanakan di provinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Sumatra Barat dan Sulawesi Selatan. Validitas dan reliabilitas variabel persepsi teruji (?=0,996 sebelum interaksi dan ?=0,993 setelah interaksi), observasi (?=0,844 sebelum interaksi, ?=0,711) orientasi (?=0,711), identifikasi (?=0,769), eksplorasi (?=0,773), resolusi (?=0,820), setelah interaksi (?=0,772), angket klien (?=0,64). Hasil pengujian model Confirmatory Factor Analisis (CFA) melalui program Lisrel menghasilkan p-value = 0,150 (p>0,05) dan RMSEA = 0,075 (RMSEA<0,1). Simpulan alat ukur ini vaild dan reliabel yang fit karena telah menggunakan komponen-komponen yang menyebabkan model alat ukur fit sebagai informasi diagnostik pengukuran beban kerja mental. Saran diperlukan dukungan regulasi sebagai implikasi dalam penggunaan alat ukur.

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Development of a measuring tool examines the psychological changes, mental and behavioral interactions in the context of nursing care through the study of perception results tested, companion observation, observation of testing and questionnaire client, so it can provide diagnostic information of mental workload. During the interaction of nurses with clients affected by the type of interaction, client conditions, availability of time, critical thinking skills, ability to manage the problem, the balance of self and self-control. Mental workload when interaction occurs when there is difference in the maximum capacity of a nurse to be able to perform physical effort, mental, time management, performance, efforts to manage feelings of frustration and effort to the effect that appears when the interaction. Due to the occurrence of mental workload may arise physical changes, changes in behavioral and psychological changes. Interpretation approach using interval scale and ordinal scale completed by 596 participants with 11 case processing data. The experiment was conducted in the province of West Java, Central Java, West Sumatra and South Sulawesi. Validity and reliability perception variables tested (? = 0.996 and ? = before interaction after interaction 0.993), observation (? = 0.844 before interaction, ? = 0.711) orientation (? = 0.711), identification (? = 0.769), exploration (? = 0.773), resolution (? = 0.820), after the interaction (? = 0.772), client questionnaire (? = 0.64). The results of model testing Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) through lisrel program produces p-value = 0.150 (p> 0.05) and RMSEA = 0.075 (RMSEA<0.1). Conclusions this measure vaild and reliable fit for the use of components that cause the model fit as a measuring instrument diagnostic information measuring mental workload. Suggestions needed support as the regulatory implications of the use of measuring tools."

"Salah satu beban kerja yang ditemui di tempat kerja adalah beban kerja mental. Pada industri manufaktur, para pekerjanya menghadapi beban kerja mental karena memiliki tugas yang memerlukan ketelitian, fokus, dan konsentrasi yang cukup tinggi dalam bekerja untuk memenuhi berbagai macam permintaan konsumen, khususnya bagian quality control (QC). Apabila beban kerja mental yang ada terlalu tinggi, bisa saja menjadi salah satu faktor menurunnya kinerja karyawan dan akan mempengaruhi kualitas produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat tingkat beban kerja mental, kinerja, dan melihat karakteristik pekerjaan yang dimiliki oleh karyawan Departemen Quality Control PT. X tahun 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dan melibatkan 34 karyawan QC di salah satu Industri manufaktur yang bergerak di bisnis kemasan obat – obat injeksi di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen penelitian kuesioner dan untuk penilaian beban kerja mental peneliti menggunakan kuesioner standar NASA TLX serta untuk penilaian kinerja menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan Tingkat beban kerja mental karyawan Departemen Quality Control PT. X tahun 2016 yakni dari total responden yang berjumlah 34 orang, rata-rata skor beban kerja mental yang didapat yakni 77.19 dimana skor ini termasuk dalam beban kerja mental yang tinggi. Tingkat kinerja karyawan Departemen Quality Control PT. X tahun 2016 yakni nilai rata-rata skor kinerja yang didapat adalah 52.06 dengan nilai median 51.5 dengan rentang nilai 43 – 60 serta didapatkan hasil didapatkan hasil dari total 34 responden, 50 % karyawan (17 orang) memiliki kinerja yang baik.

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One kind of workload that can be encountered in the workplace is mental workload. In manufacturing industry, the employees have to face mental workload because their kind of work require them to use accuracy, focus, and high enough concentration to comply wide variety of consumer demand, particulary quality control (QC) workers. If the mental workload which exists is too high, it can be one of the factor of employee?s decreasing performance and it will affect the production quality directly . This study aimed to determine the level of employee?s mental workload, performance, and job characteristics of Quality Control Departement at PT. X in 2016. This study use cross-sectional study methods and involving 34 QC employees from one of manufacturing industry that engaged in the business of injection drug packaging in Indonesia. Datas were collected by using questionnaires and especially for mental workload assessment, used standardized questionnaire from NASA TLX and for performance appraisal used a validated questionnaire. Result from the study shows that the mental workload average score was 77.19 which is included in the high mental workload. The average score of performance was 52.06 with a median value of 51.5. As well as the result obtained, from a total of 34 respondents, 50% employees (17 people) had a good performance."

"Beban kerja mental perawat dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal perawat. Faktor internal meliputi karakteristik individu dan motivasi perawat, serta faktor eksternal yang meliputi organisasi dan pekerjaan perawat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan beban kerja mental perawat saat berinteraksi dalam asuhan keperawatan di ruang perawatan intensif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square dan regresi logistik ganda. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan total population sampling dan melibatkan sampel sebanyak 129 perawat pelaksana yang bekerja di ruang perawatan intensif. Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa faktor motivasi merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap beban kerja mental perawat dibandingkan variabel lainnya p=0,022; ?=0,05. Rumah sakit dapat mengoptimalkan dan melakukan resosialisasi regulasi pemberian reward bagi perawat, serta membuat program pengembangan kompetensi dan soft skill perawat.

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The mental workload of nurses is influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factor are nurse individual characteristic and motivation, also external factor such as organization and nurse task. The aim of this research is to identify the factors most closely related to the mental workload of nurses during interactions in nursing care in intensive care unit. This research is a quantitative research with data collection with questionnaire using Cross Sectional approach. Data analysis using Chi Square and multiple logistic regression. Sampling in this study used total population sampling and involved a sample of 129 implementing nurses working in the intensive care unit. The result of logistic regression test shows that motivation factor is the most influential variable to the mental workload of the nurse compared to other variables p 0,022 0,05 . Hospitals can optimize and resocialization regulation of reward for nurse, and make competence development program and soft skill of nurse. "

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan moderasi dimensi job crafting (peningkatan sumberdaya struktural pekerjaan, peningkatan sumberdaya sosial pekerjaan, dan peningkatan tantangan pekerjaan) pada pengaruh antara persepsi beban kerja rendah terhadap kebosanan kerja, terutama pada karyawan generasi milenial. Sebagai salah satu generasi yang berada pada usia produktif, generasi milenial memiliki karakteristik lebih mudah mengalami kebosanan kerja sehingga perlu dieksplorasi lebih lanjut. Selain itu kondisi kemajuan teknologi dan informasi semakin mempermudah pekerjaan karyawan dan dapat mengakibatkan rendahnya beban kerja yang dimiliki oleh karyawan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan alat ukur beban kerja rendah (Naude Underload Work Scale) pada dimensi persepsi beban kerja rendah, kebosanan kerja (Dutch Boredom Scale) dan Dutch Job Crafting Scale. Penelitian ini melibatkan 327 karyawan generasi milenial pada rentang usia 23-40 tahun. Analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah uji korelasi dan uji moderasi Model 1 PROCESS Hayes. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa terdapat peranan moderasi peningkatan tantangan pekerjaan pada pengaruh antara persepsi beban kerja rendah dan kebosanan kerja.

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This study aims to explore the moderation role of job crafting dimensions (increasing structural job resources, increasing social job resources, and increasing challenging job demands) on the effect of perception of underload work on job boredom, especially among millennial employee. As a part of productive age, millennial employee has the characteristics of experiencing boredom at work more easily. Therefore, it is necessary to explored further especially with advances in technology nowadays that make the work easier and can result in a low workload for employee. This research was quantitative research using underload work scale (Naude Underload Work Scale) on perception of underload work dimension, boredom at work scale (Dutch Boredom Scale) and Dutch Job Crafting Scale. This research involved 327 millennial employees aged 23-40.  The analysis used in this study was correlation test and moderation test of Model 1 PROCESS Hayes. The results of the research found that there was a moderating role of increasing challenging job demands on the effect between perceptions of underload work and job boredom."

"[Penelitian ini membahas mengenai gambaran beban kerja pegawai di Unit SDM pada RS X. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat gambaran beban kerja pegawai di Unit SDM apakah sudah sesuai standar atau belum. Pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode work sampling oleh kedua informan dimana pelaksana pengamatan mencatat seluruh kegiatan kedua informan tersebut selama jam kerja selama bergantian dengan interval waktu 5 (lima) menit. Untuk menjaga validitas data, peneliti melakukan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode.Pengamatan dilakukan selama 7 (tujuh) hari mulai pukul 08.00-17.00 WIB dengan waktu istirahat 12.00-13.00 WIB. Setelah mengolah hasil pengamatan, didapatkan bahwa beban kerja pada pegawai Unit SDM di RS X mengalami kelebihan (over capacity) dimana beban kerja pada Unit SDM mencapai persentase 83,93% dimana standar beban kerja optimum hanya 80%. Peneliti kemudian melakukan perhitungan kebutuhan pegawai dengan metode WISN yang kemudian didapatkan hasilnya adalah Unit SDM membutuhkan 3 pegawai dimana saat ini pegawai SDM hanya berjumlah 2.

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This study examines HRD workload description at X Hospital. The goal of this study is to know the description of HRD workload whether it is compliant or not. The research adopts kualitatif with descriptive analysis methodology. Data collected by using work sampling method to both informants. Work sampling method conducted by recording all activities from both informant during office hours with 5 (five) minutes interval each. To estabilish the validity of data, the researcher conducted triangulation of data sources and triangulation method.

Observations were made during 7 (seven) days starting at 8:00 am to 5:00 pm with time off around 12:00 to 1:00 pm. After processing the results of the observation, it was found that the workload on the employees in the HRD at X Hopital run into over capacity. In this category, the workload on the employees in the HRD reached 83.93% where the optimum standard of workload is only 80%. Researcher conducted an anlysis of the needs of emplyees with WISN Method, and the result is the optimal amount of energy needs in HRD as many as 3 people. HRD has deficiency staff because amount of employee of the HRD are 2 people.;This study examines HRD workload description at X Hospital. The goal of this study is to know the description of HRD workload whether it is compliant or not. The research adopts kualitatif with descriptive analysis methodology. Data collected by using work sampling method to both informants. Work sampling method conducted by recording all activities from both informant during office hours with 5 (five) minutes interval each. To estabilish the validity of data, the researcher conducted triangulation of data sources and triangulation method.

Observations were made during 7 (seven) days starting at 8:00 am to 5:00 pm with time off around 12:00 to 1:00 pm. After processing the results of the observation, it was found that the workload on the employees in the HRD at X Hopital run into over capacity. In this category, the workload on the employees in the HRD reached 83.93% where the optimum standard of workload is only 80%. Researcher conducted an anlysis of the needs of emplyees with WISN Method, and the result is the optimal amount of energy needs in HRD as many as 3 people. HRD has deficiency staff because amount of employee of the HRD are 2 people., This study examines HRD workload description at X Hospital. The goal of this study is to know the description of HRD workload whether it is compliant or not. The research adopts kualitatif with descriptive analysis methodology. Data collected by using work sampling method to both informants. Work sampling method conducted by recording all activities from both informant during office hours with 5 (five) minutes interval each. To estabilish the validity of data, the researcher conducted triangulation of data sources and triangulation method.

Observations were made during 7 (seven) days starting at 8:00 am to 5:00 pm with time off around 12:00 to 1:00 pm. After processing the results of the observation, it was found that the workload on the employees in the HRD at X Hopital run into over capacity. In this category, the workload on the employees in the HRD reached 83.93% where the optimum standard of workload is only 80%. Researcher conducted an anlysis of the needs of emplyees with WISN Method, and the result is the optimal amount of energy needs in HRD as many as 3 people. HRD has deficiency staff because amount of employee of the HRD are 2 people.]"

"Harga diri rendah kronis adalah kondisi individu mengalami perasaan rendah diri yang berkepanjangan akibat evaluasi negatif terhadap diri sendiri. Masalah keperawatan jiwa ini sering ditemui pada fasilitas kesehatan jiwa di Indonesia, salah satunya terdapat di Rumah Sakit Marzoeki Mahdi, Bogor. Tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran penerapan asuhan keperawatan jiwa generalis, yaitu latihan aspek positif dengan kegiatan regular farming untuk meningkatkan self-esteem pada pasien harga diri rendah kronis. Kegiatan regular farming dalam penelitian ini menggunakan evaluasi tanda dan gejala dan Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale untuk mengukur peningkatan self-esteem pada pasien. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat penurunan tanda dan gejala yang signifikan dari skor 13 tanda gejala menjadi 3 tanda gejala. Selain itu, terdapat peningkatan self-esteem pasien dari skor 12 menjadi skor 26. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan regular farming dapat meningkatkan self-esteem dan menurunkan tanda gejala pada pasien harga diri rendah kronis.

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Chronic low self-esteem is the condition of individuals experiencing prolonged feelings of inferiority due to negative evaluations of themselves. This mental nursing problem is often found in mental health facilities in Indonesia, and found at Marzoeki Mahdi Hospital, Bogor. The purpose of writing this scientific paper is to provide an overview of the application of generalist mental nursing care, which is the exercise of positive aspects with regular farming activities to increase self- esteem in chronic low self-esteem patients. Regular farming activities in this study used the evaluation of signs and symptoms and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to measure the increase of self-esteem in patients. The results of this study showed a significant decrease in signs and symptoms from a score of 13 symptom and signs to 3 symptom and signs. In addition, there was an increase in patients' self-esteem from a score of 12 to a score of 26. Based on these results, it can be concluded that regular farming activities can increase self-esteem and reduce signs of symptoms in chronic low self-esteem patients."

"Beban kerja mental yang tinggi dapat mengakibatkan kelelahan dan penurunan konsentrasi serta performa pekerja. Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk melihat pengaruh beban kerja mental terhadap kelelahan mental. Pengukuran kelelahan mental dilaksanakan pada 10 menit awal dan akhir waktu kerja menggunakan electroencephalogram, sedangkan beban kerja mental diukur setelah pekerjaan diselesaikan dengan menggunakan kuesioner NASA-TLX. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pada gelombang alpha yang mengindikasikan adanya peningkatan kelelahan mental dan menemukan bahwa variabel absolute alpha lebih sensitif dalam melihat peningkatan gelombang alpha dibandingkan dengan relative alpha. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara beban kerja mental dengan kelelahan mental walaupun kekuatannya tidak tergolong kuat.

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High mental workload can lead to fatigue and further result in decreased concentration and work performance. This study is conducted to see the effects of mental workload towards mental fatigue. Mental fatigue measurement was held at the first and the last 10 minutes of the working time using electroencephalogram, while mental workload measurement was held after the work is completed using the NASA-TLX questionnaire.

Research shows that there is an increase in alpha band which indicates an increase in mental fatigue and also finds that absolute alpha is more sensitive to see the increase in alpha band compared to the relative alpha. This study proves that there is a relationship between mental workload and mental fatigue although it's not relatively strong."

"ABSTRAKAnsietas merupakan kecemasan yang tidak disertai objek yang jelas. Namun seseorang yang memiliki ansietas dapat terlihat dari hasil pengukuran tekanan darah. Pasien yang memiliki tanda-tanda fisik mengarah ke ansietas jika diukur tekanan darahnya akan mengalami yang peningkatan tekanan darah. Penderita Hipertensi, merupakan penderita yang pada dasarnya memiliki tekanan darah diatas 140 untuk sistol dan diatas 90 untuk diastol. Seseorang yang tidak memiliki ansietas dapat meningkatkan tekanan darahnya, demikian pada penderita hipertensi, maka dampaknya akan bisa menjadi lebih buruk. Untuk itu, karya ilmiah akhir ners ini dilakukan bertujuan agar masalah psikososial Ansietas menjadi perhatian bagi implikasi keperawatan khususnya perawat agar dapat diterapi sehingga masalah fisik akan terbantu jika masalah psikososial juga diatas dengan baik. Penulisan ini melibatkan satu klien yang memiliki masalah ansietas pada kondisi fisiknya yaitu hipertensi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa asuhan keperawatan ansietas selama 6 hari pada klien dapat menurunkan skor ansietas dengan menggunakan Skor HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Ratng Scale) menjadi 15 poin pada akhir pertemuan dari 27 poin pada awal pertemuan. Asuhan keperawatan yang digunakan hingga skor dapat turun diantaranya melakukan tarik nafas dalam distraksi, hipnotis 5 jari spiritual dan terapi though stopping.

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ABSTRACTAnxiety is a general term for several disorders that cause nervousness, fear, apprehensionand worrying, which did not accompanied by clear measure. However, people with anxietycould be diagnosed by their physical symptoms because they tend to have an increase inblood pressure. Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 140 mm Hg ormore or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 90 mm Hg or more. Hypertensive patient couldworsen their condition if they also have anxiety as their blood pressure could increase evenmore. Therefore this scientific journal done to make the psychosocial problem of anxietybecome a concern for nurses as physical problems could be treated better when psychosocialproblems were also handled well. This paper involves one patient who have hypertensionwith anxiety. The anxiety scores is measured by HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) scoreand results showed that an anxiety nursing care for 6 days on patient could reduce anxietyscore from 27 points to 15 points. The nursing care used includes deep breathingdistraction, five spiritual fingers hypnosis and though stopping therapy"

"Gejala positif, negatif, dan disorganized adalah tiga kategori gejala skizofrenia (Shives, 2005). Salah satu gejala negatif skizofrenia adalah isolasi sosial. Isolasi sosial adalah keadaan dimana individu mengalami penurunan dan bahkan sama sekali tidak mampu berinteraksi dengan orang lain (Keliat, 2006). Isolasi sosial merupakan salah satu respon maladaptif dalam rentang respon neurobiologi selain delusi, halusinasi, gangguan emosi dan gangguan perilaku (Stuart & Laraia, 2005). Isolasi sosial berkontribusi terhadap perilaku bunuh diri dengan insiden 10-15% pada klien skizofrenia dan 15% pada klien depresi.Tujuan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk menggambarkan penerapan terapi latihan keterampilan sosial dan psikoedukasi keluarga pada klien dan keluarga klien dengan isolasi sosial dengan pendekatan teori tres adaptasi Stuart di Rumah Sakit Dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi Bogor. Jumlah klien yang dikelola sebanyak 46 orang dengan masalah keperawatan isolasi sosial dan 20 orang keluarga klien isolasi sosial.Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu klien mampu berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Tugas utama perawat dalam teori Stuart ini adalah membantu klien agar dapat mengeksplorasi perasaan mereka untuk dapat menetapkan intervensi apa yang akan diberikan dengan peran perawat sebagai , narasumber, pendidik, pemimpin, wali, dan penasehat dalam memberikan layanan keperawatan.Berdasarkan hasil di atas direkomendasikan bahwa terapi Latihan Keterampilan Sosial dan Psikoedukasi keluarga pada klien dan keluarga klien dengan isolasi sosial dapat dijadikan standar terapi spesialis keperawatan jiwa dan perlu disosialisasikan pada seluruh tatanan pelayanan kesehatan.

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Positive, negative and disorganized symptoms are three categories of Schizophrenia symptoms (Shieves, 2005). One of the negative symptoms of Schizophrenia is Social Isolation. Social Isolation is a condition where an individual is experiencing a decline in social interaction or even completely unable to interact with others (Keliat, 2006). Social isolation is one of the maladaptive response in the range of neurobiology response in addition to delusions, hallucinations, emotional disorders and behavioral disorders (Stuart & Laraia, 2005). Social isolation contributes to suicidal behavior with the incidence within 10-15% for schizophrenia clients and 15% for depressed clients.

The objective of this scientific work is to illustrate the application of Social Skills Training therapy on socially isolated clients by using the Approach of Adaptation Stress Theory Stuart at Marzoeki Mahdi Hospital Bogor. The numbers of clients were 46 individuals who were undergoing social isolation treatment.

The results obtained show that clients were able to interact with each other. The main task of a nurse in the application of Stuart Theory is to help the clients to explore their feelings in order to determine the types of interventions to be delivered, with the roles of the nurse as stranger, speaker, educator, leader, trustees and advisor in providing nursing care.

Based on the above results it is recommended that Social Skills Training therapy can be set as standard therapy of mental health care specialist and need to be socialize to the whole general health care units."