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"Penyematan label pahlawan pada tokoh fiksi dewasa ini mulai mengalami pergeseran sebagaimana telah munculnya istilah anti hero dalam karya fiksi. Pergeseran dalam penyematan label pahlawan ini juga ditemukan dalam narasi gim Crisis Core: Final Fantasy VII. Penyematan label pahlawan pada suatu tokoh dalam narasi ini dinilai kurang cocok bahkan tidak menyematkan label pahlawan pada tokoh yang dinilai lebih cocok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis wacana kepahlawanan dalam gim Crisis Core: Final Fantasy VII (2007) di antara dua tokoh major menggunakan konsep kepahlawanan dan dasar model tindakan heroik oleh Franco et.al (2011) sebagai kerangka teori, serta metode analisis teks dan metode interpretasi komposisi visual sebagai alat analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wacana kepahlawanan yang ditawarkan di dalam Crisis Core sangat mengacu pada kekuatan fisik dan kemampuan bertarung dibandingkan perilaku etis, serta kedua tokoh mencerminkan jenis kepahlawanan yang berbeda, yang pertama mencerminkan kepahlawanan abad pertengahan yang cenderung mengandalkan kekuatan fisik, yang kedua mencerminkan kepahlawanan modern yang cenderung mementingkan kesejahteraan orang lain sebelum dirinya.

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The labeling of heroes in fictional characters these days took a shift as the term anti hero was introduced. The shift of labeling of heroes has also been found in a video game narrative of Crisis Core: Final Fantasy VII. The labeling of heroes on a character in the narrative have seen unwise, in fact the more suitable character to be labeled as heroes does not happened in the narrative. This study aims to analyze the discourse on heroism between two major characters in Crisis Core: Final Fantasy VII RPG game using concept of heroism and elementary model of heroic action by Franco et.al (2011) as theoretical framework, and text analysis method as well as visual composition interpretation methods as analytical tool. This study finds that Crisis Core presents the concept of heroism refers to physical strength and fighting ability rather than ethical behavior. Also the characters represents two different heroism, the first one represents medieval kind of heroism who utilize physical strength in order to obtain the hero title, the second one represent modern kind of heroism who put others before himself."

"Sampai saat ini, konsep mengenai makhluk astral, hal-hal mistis, dan kekuatan supranatural masih menjadi tolok ukur genre horor dengan antusiasme tertinggi di Indonesia—terlepas dari pendefinisian horor yang terus mengalami dinamika. Berbagai karya sastra horor yang semakin berkembang di Indonesia memuat adanya kandungan mistisisme sebagai sebuah instrumen naratif di dalamnya. Secara singkat, tulisan ini merupakan pengkajian konsep mistisisme dengan perbedaan motif antartokoh melalui novel Gending Pencabut Nyawa karangan Diosetta. Lebih dari itu, tulisan ini juga bertujuan untuk mengkaji kandungan heroisme dalam diri tokoh utama yang meliputi lima nilai: peka, bersatu, pengorbanan dan kesabaran, cinta, serta ikhlas. Dengan memanfaatkan pendekatan sosiologi sastra, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif untuk memvisualisasikan hasil kajian tersebut. Dari penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa aspek heroisme dalam diri Danan selaku tokoh utama cerita dinarasikan ke dalam bentuk perjuangannya dalam melawan motif mistisisme tokoh antagonis cerita bernama Aswangga. Bentuk perlawanan tersebut direpresentasikan dengan kekuatan-kekuatan supranatural tertentu, antara lain mantra pelindung diri, ajian Raga Sukma, Keris Raga Sukma, mantra pemanggil roh leluhur, ajian Geni Baraloka, ajian Lebur Saketi, dan Tabuh Waringin. Dari penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan juga bahwa kesamaan penggunaan kekuatan supranatural yang dimiliki oleh dua tokoh sentral dalam cerita tersebut juga memiliki beberapa perbedaan mendasar, meliputi perbedaan motif, sumber, bentuk kekuatan, dan efek yang didapatkan.

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Until now, the concept of astral beings, mystical elements, and supernatural powers remains a significant benchmark in the horror genre with the highest enthusiasm in Indonesia, regardless of the continuously evolving definition of horror. Various developing works of horror literature in Indonesia contain elements of mysticism as a narrative instrument within them. In brief, this paper examines the concept of mysticism with motive differences among characters through the novel Gending Pencabut Nyawa written by Diosetta. Furthermore, this paper aims to explore the content of heroism within the main character, encompassing five values: sensitivity, unity, sacrifice and patience, love, and sincerity. Employing a sociological approach to literature, the author utilizes a qualitative descriptive research method to visualize the findings of this study. From this research, it is revealed that the aspect of heroism within Danan, the main character in the story, is narrated through his struggle against the mystical motives of the antagonist character named Aswangga. This resistance is represented by specific supernatural powers, including self-protective mantras, the Raga Sukma art, Raga Sukma Dagger, ancestral spirit-summoning mantras, the Geni Baraloka art, the Lebur Saketi art, and Tabuh Waringin. Additionally, it can be concluded from this research that the similarity in the use of supernatural powers that possessed by the two central characters also has several fundamental differences, including differences in motives, sources, forms of power, and effects obtained."

"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai wacana kepahlawanan yang terdapat di dalam video gim Ryū ga Gotoku Kiwami 2. Kemudian, penelitian ini juga menganalisis bagaimana nilai- nilai tradisional dalam tindak kepahlawanan tipikal yakuza, seperti giri (tanggung jawab), ninjō (kemanusiaan), dan oyabun-kobun (loyalitas), yang ditampilkan dalam video gim tersebut berkorelasi dengan karya-karya bergenre yakuza lainnya. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan taksonomi kepahlawanan (taxonomy of heroism) yang dicetuskan oleh Franco et al. (2011). Penulis memfokuskan analisis terhadap tindakan serta dialog dari tokoh utama, tokoh antagonis, dan tokoh sampingan, yaitu Kiryū Kazuma, Gōda Ryūji, dan Kawara Jirō. Selain Ryūji, kedua tokoh yang disebutkan, digambarkan bukan anggota organisasi yakuza. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat tindak kepahlawanan yang ditunjukkan oleh Kiryū, Ryūji, dan Kawara. Lebih jauh lagi, penelitian ini berargumen bahwa Ryū ga Gotoku Kiwami 2 menampilkan variasi tindak kepahlawanan yang berbeda dibandingkan karya bergenre yakuza lainnya yang pada umumnya menggambarkan tindak kepahlawanan tersebut sebagai sesuatu yang hanya dilakukan oleh anggota yakuza. Sementara itu, dalam Ryū ga Gotoku Kiwami 2, tindak kepahlawanan tipikal yakuza digambarkan tidak hanya dilakukan oleh anggota yakuza. Dengan demikian, Ryū ga Gotoku Kiwami 2 dapat dikatakan menampilkan narasi kepahlawanan tipikal genre yakuza tanpa memposisikan keanggotaan pada organisasi yakuza sebagai syarat yang esensial.

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This study discusses the discourse of heroism in the video game Ryū ga Gotoku Kiwami 2. Additionally, this study analyzes how traditional values of typical yakuza heroism, such as giri (responsibility), ninjō (humanity), and oyabun-kobun (loyalty), as portrayed in the video game, correlate with other yakuza genre works. The analysis is conducted using the taxonomy of heroism proposed by Franco et al. (2011). This study focuses the analysis on the actions and dialogues of the main character, the antagonist, and the supporting character, namely Kiryū Kazuma, Gōda Ryūji, and Kawara Jirō. Besides Ryūji, both of the mentioned characters are potrayed as non-members of the yakuza organization. This study finds the presence of heroic acts displayed by Kiryū, Ryūji, and Kawara. Furthermore, this study finds that Ryū ga Gotoku Kiwami 2 presents a different variation of heroism compared to other yakuza genre works that generally depict heroism as something exclusively done by yakuza members. In Ryū ga Gotoku Kiwami 2, typical yakuza heroism is depicted as not limited to yakuza members only. Therefore, Ryū ga Gotoku Kiwami 2 can be said to portray a typical yakuza genre narrative of heroism without having yakuza membership as a requirement."

"Tesis ini menunjukkan wacana pembangunan revitalisasi yang dilandasi logika High-Modernism direproduksi, dilanggengkan, dan dilegitimasi sebagai bentuk pelestarian warisan budaya Kota Tua Jakarta membentuk realitas sosial baru para pedagang di kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta. Penelitian ini memadukan fieldwork dan patchwork ethnography dengan menggunakan konsep-konsep teoritik yaitu kepengaturan Negara (Governmentality) dari Foucault, penyederhanaan (Simplification) dan keterbacaan (Legibility) dari James Scott, serta produksi ruang secara sosial dari Setha Low. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk memuluskan pembangunan revitalisasi Kota Tua Jakarta, Negara menggunakan instrumen penyederhanaan dan keterbacaan dalam pembentukan realitas baru para pedagang melalui upaya formalisasi, seperti merelokasi, melakukan pendataan dan menempatkan di lokasi binaan, melakukan penertiban, serta mengadakan pembinaan kepada para pedagang yang tunduk dan patuh terhadap aturan sehingga menyebabkan pemisahan para pedagang yang tereksklusi dan terinklusi dalam skema rekayasa pembangunan revitalisasi Kota Tua Jakarta.Artinya, Negara dapat dikatakan mampu memperbesar kapasitasnya melakukan intervensi atas nama kepentingannya secara tepat dan efektif terhadap para pedagang untuk mewujudkan hasrat kepengaturan Negara.

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This thesis shows the revitalization construction discourse underpinned by the logic of High-Modernism reproduced, denounced, and legitimized as a form of preservation of the cultural heritage of the Old City of Jakarta shaping the new social reality of street vendors in the Old Town area of Jakarta. This research combines fieldwork and ethnography patchwork using theoretical concepts of Foucault's Governmentality, Simplification and Legibility of James Scott, as well as the production of space socially from Setha Low. The results show that in order to approve the revitalization of the Old City of Jakarta, the State uses the instruments of simplification and legibility in the formation of the new reality of street vendors through formalization efforts, such as relocation, deposition and placement at the site of construction, arrangement, and construction to street vendors who are submissive and obedient to the rules resulting in the separation of excluded and inclusive street vendors in the scheme of revitalising the Old Town of Jakarta.In other words, the State can be said to be able to increase its capacity to intervene in the name of its interests properly and effectively against the street vendors in order to realize the desire of the State to regulate."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang fenomena intertekstualitas dalam pembentukan teks video game Final Fantasy XV melalui analisis pembacaan intertekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat intertekstualitas antara game Final Fantasy XV dengan beberapa game terkenal dan sukses di pasaran, seperti The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt dan Grand Theft Auto V, dengan beberapa landskap di dunia nyata yang sebagian besar berasal dari berbagai wilayah di luar Jepang, dan lain-lain sejalan dengan motif ekonomi Square Enix di zaman globalisasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat intertekstualitas antara konten Final Fantasy XV dengan konten The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt, Grand Theft Auto V, landskap di dunia nyata, hingga berbagai produk lainnya yang sebagian berasal dari luar Jepang. Dalam proses pengembangan Final Fantasy XV, terjadi penurunan tren pemain konsol di Jepang, sebab orang-orang Jepang cenderung memilik game yang mudah dibawa ke mana saja. Oleh karena itu, Square Enix mengubah fokus pasarnya ke luar Jepang, dan memasukkan konten-konten yang dekat dan sudah terkenal di kalangan pemain luar Jepang ke dalam Final Fantasy XV. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memunculkan familiaritas, sehingga para pemain tidak perlu bersusah payah memahami konten-konten baru dalam memainkan Final Fantasy XV. Selain itu, keseriusan Square Enix dalam memasarkan Final Fantasy XV ke luar Jepang juga dapat dilihat dari beberapa bentuk promosi khusus yang dilakukan Square Enix ke luar Jepang.

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This study discusses the phenomenon of intertextuality in the making of Final Fantasy XV video game text through intertextual reading analysis. This study aims to look at the intertextuality between Final Fantasy XV game with some well known and successful games on the market, such as The Witcher 3 Wild Hunt and Grand Theft Auto V, with several landscapes in the real world mostly from different regions outside of Japan, and with others in line with Square Enix 39 s economic motives in the globalization era. The result shows that there is intertextuality between Final Fantasy XV content and The Witcher 3 Wild Hunt content, Grand Theft Auto V content, landscape in the real world, and various other products which are originated from outside Japan. In the process of developing Final Fantasy XV, there was a decline in the trend of console players in Japan, because the Japanese tend to have a game that is easy to carry anywhere. Square Enix, therefore, shifted its market focus to outside of Japan, and incorporated close and well known contents among players outside of Japan into Final Fantasy XV. It was aimed to bring familiarity, so players do not have to bother to understand the new content in playing Final Fantasy XV. In addition, Square Enix 39 s seriousness in marketing Final Fantasy XV out of Japan can also be seen from some form of special promotions that Square Enix made outside of Japan."

"Sebagai negara yang memiliki sejarah menolak dirinya sebagai negara imigran, Jerman pada akhirnya harus mengakui adanya jarak antara warga asli dan warga dengan keturunan imigran. Kemunculan buku kontroversal karya Thilo Sarrazin hingga debat mengenai Leitkultur membuat posisi imigran di Jerman, khususnya imigran muslim terdesak. Krisis ekonomi yang melanda zona-euro juga turut menimbulkan sentimen terhadap para imigran, terlebih ketika banyak kepala negara di Eropa juga banyak yang menyerang ide mengenai multikulturalisme termasuk di Jerman, ketika Kanselir Angela Merkel menyatakan multikulti Jerman telah gagal.

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As a country which has a history to deny themselves as an immigration country, Germany has to concede that there?s an enormous gap between Germans and the people with migration background. The publishing of a controversial book from Thilo Sarrazin to Leitkultur's debate puts the immigrants under pressure, especially to those Muslim's immigrants. The Economic crisis in euro-zone also increases the sentiment among the immigrants, especially when many European leaders condemn the idea of multiculturalism, including in Germany, when Chancellor Angela Merkel enunciated that Germany?s multikulti has failed."

""Fantasy has been an important and much-loved part of children's literature for hundreds of years, yet relatively little has been written about it. Children's Fantasy Literature traces the development of the tradition of the children's fantastic - fictions specifically written for children and fictions appropriated by them - from the sixteenth to the twenty-first century, examining the work of Lewis Carroll, L. Frank Baum, C. S. Lewis, Roald Dahl, J. K. Rowling and others from across the English-speaking world. The volume considers changing views on both the nature of the child and on the appropriateness of fantasy for the child reader, the role of children's fantasy literature in helping to develop the imagination, and its complex interactions with issues of class, politics and gender. The text analyses hundreds of works of fiction, placing each in its appropriate context within the tradition of fantasy literature"--amazon.com.A comprehensive study of children's fantasy literature across the English-speaking world, from the sixteenth century to the present."

"[Discourse of renewal adalah strategi komunikasi krisis yang didasari empat cara-cara komunikasi, yaknileader-base, provisional, prospective dan optimistic. Dalam pendekatan identitas sosial yang dipergunakan pada penelitian ini, cara komunikasi leader-base mengarah pada pembentukan kesamaan identitas (common identity) yang menghasilkan kesamaan nilai-nilai (common value). Cara komunikasi provisional mengarah pada cara komunikasi yang spontanitas sesuai dengan etika dan norma yang menjadi kesepakatan bersama (ethics and norms). Dan cara komunikasi prospective mengarah pada satu kesamaan tujuan (common vision). Sedangkan cara komunikasi optimistic mengarah pada perilaku positif (good behaviours). Keempat cara tersebut dapat memberikan suatu perubahan baru dalam nilai-nilai (renewed belief in core values) individu maupun organisasi. Berdasarkan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi terhadap upaya-upaya komunikasi krisis komunitas JIS Dragon, maka hasil analisa yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini mengatakan bahwa komunikasi krisis discourse ofrenewal pada komunitas JIS Dragon terdapat kesamaan nilai (leader base) yakni humanity dan justice, yang dilakukan atas inisiatif spontan yang disesuaikan dengan etika dan norma (provisional), untuk membentuk dukungan bersama terhadap kasus yang menimpa anggotanya (prospective) dengan perilaku yang positif (optimistic).;Discourse of renewal is crisis communication strategy that have four different ways of communication which are leader-base, provisional, prospective and optimistic. In the social identity approach used in this research, the way of communication leader-base means merging some identities into a common identity that can lead into a common value. Provisional means expressing spontaneous communicatin that based on the ethics and norms. And prospectivemeans reaching common vision. While optimistic means doing with positive behaviors. These ways can renewed belief in the core values, both individual and organization. This phenomenological qualitative research have analysed the crisis communication discourse renewal of JIS Dragon community. The result obtain some points that JIS Dragon crisis communication has common values; humanity and justice (leader-base), which is carried on spontaneous initiatives that are basedonto the ethics and norms (provisional), to give support for justice (prospective) with a positive behaviours (optimistic)., Discourse of renewal is crisis communication strategy that have four differentways of communication which are leader-base, provisional, prospective andoptimistic. In the social identity approach used in this research, the way ofcommunication leader-base means merging some identities into a commonidentity that can lead into a common value. Provisional means expressingspontaneous communicatin that based on the ethics and norms. And prospectivemeans reaching common vision. While optimistic means doing with positivebehaviors. These ways can renewed belief in the core values, both individual andorganization. This phenomenological qualitative research have analysed the crisiscommunication discourse renewal of JIS Dragon community. The result obtainsome points that JIS Dragon crisis communication has common values; humanityand justice (leader-base), which is carried on spontaneous initiatives that are basedonto the ethics and norms (provisional), to give support for justice (prospective)with a positive behaviours (optimistic).]"