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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek mediasi dari dimensi-dimensi emotional labor, yakni deep acting dan surface acting sebagai mediator dalam hubungan antara trait stabilitas emosi dan komitmen afektif dalam konteks industri budget hotel. Data komitmen afektif dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan alat ukur komitmen afektif dari Allen dan Meyer (1990). Data trait stabilitas emosi menggunakan 10 aitem dari alat ukur trait stabilitas emosi IPIP-NEO dan deep acting serta surface acting menggunakan Hospitality Emotional Labor Scale (HELS) dari Kruml dan Geddes (2000). Partisipan penelitian adalah 66 individu yang bekerja pada industri budget hotel. Data dianalisis menggunakan Hayes PROCESS macro ver. 3.4. pada software IBM SPSS. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa deep acting memediasi hubungan antara trait stabilitas emosi dengan komitmen afektif, sedangkan surface acting tidak memediasi hubungan antara trait stabilitas emosi dengan komitmen afektif. Peneliti kemudian membentuk modul pelatihan selama tiga sesi dalam kurun waktu seminggu untuk meningkatkan kemampuan deep acting dikarenakan deep acting terbukti memediasi hubungan antara trait stabilitas emosi dengan komitmen afektif pada karyawan budget hotel. Intervensi direncanakan dilakukan pada sepuluh orang karyawan dari sebuah budget hotel yakni Hotel X. Tiga tahapan evaluasi dijadwalkan dengan pendekatan paired t-test yang menggunakan metode Wilcoxon pada IBM SPSS 3.4 sebagai evaluasi akhir efektivitas intervensi, terutama untuk mengetahui perbedaan rata-rata antara skor deep acting dan skor komitmen afektif sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Untuk memastikan penerapan pelatihan dan memberikan data real-time kondisi emosi peserta dalam pekerjaan keseharian aplikasi android Mood Vibe digunakan. Diskusi lebih lanjut serta saran penelitian dijelaskan pada bab terakhir penelitian ini.

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The present study investigates emotional labor dimensions' influence, namely deep acting and surface acting as a mediator in the relationship between emotional stability traits and affective commitment within budget hotel industry. Affective commitment data were collected using affective commitment scale from Allen and Meyer (1990). Emotional stability traits used 10 items from IPIP-NEO emotional stability trait scale, while deep acting and surface acting were assessed by Hospitality Emotional Labor Scale (HELS) developed by Chu and Murrmann's (2006). Research participants were 66 individuals who work in budget hotel category. Data were analyzed using Hayes’ PROCESS macro ver. 3.4. on SPSS software. Results showed that deep acting mediated the relationship between emotional stability trait and affective commitment, while surface acting had no mediating effect on the relationship between emotional stability trait and affective commitment. Furthermore, the researcher formed a training module for three sessions within a week to improve deep acting skills for deep-acting was proven to have mediating effect on emotional stability traits and affective commitment. Training intervention planned to be carried out on ten employees from a budget hotel, namely Hotel X. Three stages of evaluation scheduled with paired t-test approach using Wilcoxon method on IBM SPSS 3.4 as a final evaluation of intervention effectiveness, especially to found significant difference in the mean between deep acting and affective commitment scores before and after intervention program given. Mood Vibe application was used to support the application of deep acting capabilities in daily work activities. Further discussion and research suggestions are discussed."

"Banyak studi sebelumnya yang meneliti hubungan antara emotional labor dan job satisfaction, namun masih sedikit yang membahas terkait peran emotional exhaustion sebagai mediator dalam hubungan tersebut, terutama pada karyawan sales ritel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan emotional labor dan job satisfaction melalui peran mediasi emotional exhaustion. Partisipan penelitian merupakan karyawan sales ritel Jabodetabek yang berjumlah 86 orang. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Job in General, Emotional Labor Scale, dan Maslach Burnout Inventory. Hasil analisis mediasi menunjukkan bahwa emotional exhaustion mampu memediasi hubungan antara surface acting dan job satisfaction, namun tidak menemukan adanya peran mediasi emotional exhaustion dalam hubungan antara deep acting dan job satisfaction. Ini menjelaskan semakin sering karyawan sales ritel menggunakan surface acting maka semakin karyawan akan merasakan emotional exhaustion yang berdampak pada rendahnya tingkat job satisfaction. Tetapi strategi deep acting yang digunakan karyawan, tidak terbukti memiliki pengaruh terhadap emotional exhaustion, sehingga faktor tersebut tidak dapat berperan sebagai mediator dalam hubungan antara emotional labor dan job satisfaction.

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Many studies have discussed the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction, but only few have discussed the role of emotional exhaustion as a mediator in this relationship, especially among retail sales person. This study aims to examine the relationship of emotional labor and job satisfaction through the mediation role of emotional exhaustion. Data for this study was collected from 86 retail sales person from Jabodetabek. The instruments that the study used were Job in General, Emotional Labor Scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The mediation analysis showed that emotional exhaustion is able to mediate the relationship between surface acting and job satisfaction. However, there was no mediating role of emotional exhaustion in the relationship between deep acting and job satisfaction. These explain that the more often retail sales person use surface acting, the more he or she will feel emotional exhaustion which result in low level of job satisfaction. But the deep acting strategies that retail sales person used, are not proven to have an influence on emotional exhaustion, so this factor cannot be the mediator in relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction.

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"Dalam lingkup organisasi, kinerja menjadi topik yang penting untuk diteliti karena perannya yang krusial bagi masa depan dan keberlangsungan organisasi. Pada pramuniaga, khususnya kinerja tugas, dianggap sebagai aspek yang paling penting dan berpengaruh dalam menilai performanya. Disamping itu, kerja emosional diketahui sebagai aturan tampilan yang banyak dijumpai pada pekerja lini depan seperti karyawan pramuniaga. Sehingga penelitian ini berusaha untuk melihat hubungan antara kerja emosional dan kinerja tugas, namun melalui peran mediasi dari kelelahan emosional. Penelitian ini mengambil partisipan sebanyak 58 orang yang bekerja sebagai pramuniaga pada industri ritel. Tiga Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Emotional Labor Scale (ELS), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), dan Individual Work Performance Scale (IWPS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelelahan emosional tidak memediasi hubungan antara kerja emosional (akting permukaan dan akting mendalam) dengan kinerja tugas. Namun ditemukan bahwa penggunaan strategi akting permukaan mampu membuat karyawan pramuniaga ritel mengalami tingkat kelelahan yang lebih tinggi karena hubungannya yang signifikan dan positif.

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Within the scope of the organization, performance is an important topic to be researched because of the facts that are crucial for the future and sustainability of the organization. To salesperson task performance are considered the most important and influential aspect in assessing their performance. In addition, emotional labor is known to be a display rule that is often found in front-line workers such as salesperson. So this study seeks to examine the relationship between emotional labor and task performance, through the mediating role of emotional exhaustion. This study collected data from 58 participants who work as salesperson in the retail industry. The three instruments used in this study were the Emotional Labor Scale (ELS), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Individual Work Performance Scale (IWPS). The results showed that emotional exhaustion did not mediate the relationship between emotional labor (surface acting and deep acting) and task performance. However, the use of surface acting strategy is able to make retail salesperson experience higher exhaustion due to significant and positive relations."

"Terdapat dua tujuan utama dalam penelitian ini, yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perceived organizational support dengan strategi emotional labor dan mengetahui hubungan antara afek positif dan afek negatif dengan strategi emotional labor. Penelitian berdesain kuantitatif non-eksperimental ini memiliki total partisipan 118 orang dengan karakteristik partisipan merupakan seorang pegawai di sektor industri jasa di wilayah Jabodetabek. Emotional labor diukur dengan menggunakan Emotional Labor Scale (ELS) yang dikembangkan oleh Diefendorff et al. (2005), untuk mengukur perceived organizational support menggunakan survey of perceived organizational support (SPOS) yang dikembangkan oleh Eisenberger et al. (1986), serta untuk mengukur afek menggunakan Positive Affect Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) yang dikembangkan oleh Watson et al. (1988). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara afek positif dengan deep acting (r = 0,24, p < 0,01), serta afek negatif dengan surface acting (r = 0,26, p < 0,01). Hal ini menandakan bahwa individu yang cenderung mengalami perasaan yang positif seperti merasa bersemangat akan cenderung menampilkan emosinya secara tulus dengan mengubah perasaan yang sebenarnya dirasakan agar sesuai dengan aturan tampilan emosi yang diharapkan organisasi, sedangkan individu yang cenderung mengalami perasaan negatif yang tinggi seperti mudah tersinggung cenderung akan berpura-pura menampilan emosi sesuai dengan aturan tampilan organisasi dengan hanya mengubah gestur atau nada suara tanpa mengubah perasaan yang sebenarnya. Namun, hasil lainnya menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara perceived organizational support dengan strategi emotional labor baik berupa surface acting ataupun deep acting. Hal ini berarti baik atau buruknya persepsi yang dimiliki pegawai terhadap dukungan organisasi tidak berhubungan dengan regulasi tampilan emosi seperti apa yang akan ditampilkan.

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There are two main objectives in this study, the first one is to investigate the relationship between perceived organizational support with the strategy of emotional labor and the second one is to investigate the relationship between positive affect and negative affect with the strategy of emotional labor. This quantitative non-experimental study has total 118 participants with the characteristics of the participants is an employee in the service industry in Jabodetabek area. Emotional labor was measured using the Emotional Labor Scale (ELS) developed by Diefendorff et al. (2005), to measure perceived organizational support used a survey of perceived organizational support (SPOS) developed by Eisenberger et al. (1986), and to measure affect, this study used Positive Affect Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) developed by Watson et al. (1988). The results of this study shows that there is a significant relationship between positive affect and deep acting (r = 0.24, p <0.01), also negative affect and surface acting (r = 0.26, p <0.01). This results indicates that employee who are likely to experience positive feelings such as feelings excited would tend to show emotions sincerely by changing the feelings that are perceived to be in accordance with the rules of emotion expected by organization (display rules), whereas employee who are likely to experience negative feelings such as high irritability tend to faking the display of emotion in order to display emotions that fit with display rules simply by changing the gestures or tone of voice without changing the actual feeling. However, other results shows that there is no relationship between perceived organizational support with emotional labor strategy either surface acting nor deep acting. This results indicates that good or bad employee?s perception of support from their organization is not related to what strategy of emotion regulation that will be displayed."

"Bias atensi emosional merupakan suatu proses kognitif tidak disadari yang memengaruhi kelancaran pemrosesan informasi. Individu dengan bias atensi emosional positif cenderung memiliki efikasi diri tinggi. Pada remaja, efikasi diri tinggi dapat membantu mereka melewati berbagai situasi sulit. Penelitian ini berupaya mencari tahu hubungan antara efikasi diri dan bias atensi emosional pada remaja dengan menduga adanya peran mediasi dari afek positif. Hal ini dikarenakan tingkah laku dan pikiran remaja sangat dipengaruhi oleh afek. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji afek positif sebagai mediator dalam hubungan antara efikasi diri dan bias atensi emosional terhadap kata terkait kebahagiaan dan ancaman pada remaja. Sebanyak 87 partisipan remaja yang merupakan siswa SMA/SMK sederajat (M= 16,5) berpartisipasi di dalam penelitian ini. Efikasi diri diukur menggunakan General Self-Efficacy Scale dan afek positif diukur menggunakan dimensi afek positif dari Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale. Sementara itu, bias atensi emosional diukur menggunakan emotional Stroop task. Hasil analisis menggunakan mediation Jamovi menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara efikasi diri dan bias atensi emosional terhadap kata terkait kebahagiaan maupun ancaman dimediasi penuh oleh afek positif. Penelitian ini berhasil menjelaskan peran proses kognitif yang bersifat otomatis dan tidak disadari di dalam hubungan antara efikasi diri dan bias atensi emosional pada remaja.

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Emotional attention bias is an unconscious cognitive process that affects the processing of information. Individuals with positive emotional attention bias tend to have high self-efficacy (Karademas et al., 2007). In adolescents, high self-efficacy helps them to get through difficult situations. This study seeks to find out the relationship between self-efficacy and emotional attention bias in adolescents by assuming there is a mediating role of positive affect. This is because the behavior and thoughts of adolescents are strongly influenced by affect. The purpose of this study was to examine positive affect as a mediator in the relationship between self-efficacy and emotional attention bias towards happiness and threats related words in adolescents. A total of 87 adolescent participants who were also high school students (M= 16.5) participated in this study. Self-efficacy was measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale and positive affect was measured using the positive affect dimensions of the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale. Meanwhile, emotional attention bias was measured using the emotional Stroop task. The results using Jamovi's mediation showed that the relationship between self-efficacy and emotional attention bias towards happiness and threats related words was fully mediated by positive affect. This study succeeded in explaining the role of automatic and unconscious cognitive processes in the relationship between self-efficacy and emotional attention bias in adolescents."

"Karyawan lini depan menghadapi tuntutan tampilan ekspresi emosi spesifik yang telah ditentukan oleh perusahaan selama berinteraksi dengan pelanggan secara langsung. Emosi yang sebenarnya dirasakan tidak selalu sejalan dengan emosi yang harus ditampilkan sehingga karyawan perlu menerapkan strategi emotional labor yaitu surface acting maupun deep acting. Penggunaan strategi emotional labor dapat menimbulkan dampak positif maupun negatif terhadap performa kerja individu. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara strategi emotional labor berupa surface acting dan deep acting dengan performa kerja yang terbagi atas task performance, contextual performance, dan counterproductive work behavior. Sebanyak 90 karyawan sales retail Jabodetabek mengisi kuesioner yang berisi alat ukur emotional labor dari Diefendorff, Croyle, dan Gosserand (2005) dan Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ). Hasil analisis korelasi menemukan bahwa strategi surface acting secara signifikan berhubungan positif dengan counterproductive work behavior (r=0.314, p<0.01) dan strategi deep acting berhubungan signifikan positif dengan contextual performannce (r=0.114, p<0.05) pada karyawan sales retail.

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Frontline employees face the display rules when interacting with customers as to meet

organizationally desired outcomes. They have to regulate their emotions in a situation

where felt emotions are incongruent with the display rules through emotional labor

strategy by using surface or deep acting. The use of emotional labor strategy impacts

employee’s job performance positively and negatively. The purpose of this study was to

examine the relationship between surface acting and deep acting with task performance,

contextual performance, and counterproductive work behavior in retail sales workers. A

total of 90 Jabodetabek retail sales workers completed a questionnaire that includes

emotional labor scale from Diefendorff, Croyle, dan Gosserand (2005) and Individual

Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ). The result found that surface acting was

significantly correlated with counterproductive work behavior ((r=0.314, p<0.01) while

deep acting was significantly correlated with contextual performance (r=0.114, p<0.05). "

"Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) merupakan perilaku secara sengaja untuk membahayakan organisasi dan orang lain di dalamnya yang dapat meningkatkan kerugian organisasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah kecerdasan emosi memediasi hubungan antara trait mindfulness dengan CWB. Responden penelitian ini terdiri dari 134 pria dan 176 wanita (N = 310) yang bekerja penuh waktu. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), dan CWB-Checklist (CWB-C). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, terdapat indirect effect (ab = -.046, p < .01) dan direct effect (c = -.225, p < .01). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan emosi memediasi secara parsial hubungan antara trait mindfulness dengan CWB.

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Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is behavior intends to harm organization and other people inside it that increased organizational loss. The purpose of this study is to find out whether emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between trait mindfulness and CWB. Respondents of this study consist of 134 men and 176 women (N = 310) who work full-time. Instruments used in this study are Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), dan CWB-Checklist (CWB-C). Based on the result of analysis, there is significant indirect effect (ab = -.046, p < .01) and direct effect (c = -.225, p < .01). It has shown that emotional intelligence partially mediates the relationship between trait mindfulness and CWB."

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh compulsory citizenship behavior, emotional labor dan abusive supervision terhadap work-family conflict dengan emotional exhaustion sebagai mediatornya. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian konklusif. Metode pengambilan sampel berjenis judgemental sampling. Sejumlah 225 responden karyawan perempuan di Indonesia pada berbagai wilayah dan industri menjadi sampel pada penelitian ini. Metode analisis data yang dipakai pada penelitian ini yaitu CB-SEM yang dioleh menggunakan Lisrel 8.80. Temuan menunjukan bahwa emotional exhaustion berhasil memediasi pengaruh emotional exhaustion terhadap work-family conflict. Akan tetapi emotional exhaustion tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh emotional labor (surface acting dan deep acting) terhadap work-family conflict. Selanjutnya, emotional exhaustion memediasi pengaruh abusive supervision terhadap work-family conflict. Meskipun demikian, sampel yang digunakan terlalu kecil untuk merepresentasikan keseluruhan populasi karyawan perempuan di Indonesia.

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This study aims to examine the effect of compulsory citizenship behavior, emotional labor and abusive supervision on work-family conflict with emotional exhaustion as the mediator. This research is a quantitative research type with a conclusive research design. The sampling method is judgmental sampling. A total of 225 female employee respondents in Indonesia in various regions and industries were sampled in this study. The data analysis method used in this study is CB-SEM which is obtained using Lisrel 8.80. The findings show that emotional exhaustion successfully mediates the effect of emotional exhaustion on work-family conflict. However, emotional exhaustion cannot mediate the effect of emotional labor (surface acting and deep acting) on work-family conflict. Furthermore, emotional exhaustion mediates the effect of abusive supervision on work-family conflict. Nevertheless, the sample used is too small to represent the entire population of female employees in Indonesia.

 

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"Kompetensi sosial emosional merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang dibutuhkan oleh guru dalam menyiapkan siswa yang kompeten secara sosial emosional untuk menghadapi berbagai tantangan di abad 21. Dalam mengembangkan kompetensi sosial emosional pada guru, persepsi guru terhadap iklim sekolah dan tingkat efikasi diri guru menjadi faktor yang mendukung hal tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari efek mediasi yang dimiliki oleh efikasi diri guru terhadap hubungan antara persepsi iklim sekolah dan kompetensi sosial emosional guru. Partisipan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 493 guru sekolah dasar di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan alat ukur Social Emotional Competencies-Teacher Rating Scale untuk mengukur kompetensi sosial emosional guru, Revised-School Level Enviromental Questionnaire untuk mengukur persepsi iklim sekolah, dan Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale versi bahasa Indonesia untuk mengukur efikasi diri guru. Analisis regresi Hayes dilakukan terhadap penelitian ini dan ditemukan bahwa terdapat mediasi parsial untuk variabel efikasi diri guru terhadap hubungan persepsi iklim sekolah dan kompetensi sosial emosional guru pada dimensi teacher-student relationships dan emotion regulation. Hasil temuan ini membuktikan bahwa persepsi positif guru terhadap iklim sekolah dan efikasi diri guru berperan dalam meningkatkan kompetensi sosial emosional pada guru sekolah dasar.

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Social-emotional competence is one of the abilities required by teachers to prepare students who are socially and emotionally competent to face various challenges in the 21st century. In developing social-emotional competence in teachers, teachers' perceptions of the school climate and the level of teacher self-efficacy become factors that support this. This study aims to find the mediating effect of teacher self-efficacy on the relationship between perceptions of the school climate and the social-emotional competence of teachers. The participants in this study were 493 elementary school teachers in Indonesia. This research is quantitative in nature, using the Social Emotional Competencies-Teacher Rating Scale (SECTRS) to measure teachers' social-emotional competence, the Revised-School Level Environmental Questionnaire (R-SLEQ) to measure perceptions of the school climate, and the Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale in the Indonesian language (I-TSES) to measure teacher self-efficacy. Regression analysis, specifically Hayes' method, was applied to this research, and it was found that there is partial mediation for the variable of teacher self-efficacy in the relationship between perceptions of the school climate and teachers' social-emotional competence in the dimensions of teacher-student relationships and emotion regulation. These findings demonstrate that positive perceptions of the school climate and teacher self-efficacy play a role in enhancing social-emotional competence in elementary school teachers."

"Kemampuan berpikir kritis termasuk kemampuan abad 21 yang esensial untuk mahasiswa. Semakin mudahnya akses informasi mengharuskan mahasiswa untuk mampu berpikir kritis agar dapat mengelola informasi dengan tepat. Kemampuan berpikir kritis juga sangat penting di dunia kerja sehingga mahasiswa perlu meningkatkan kemampuan tersebut sejak tingkat pertama perkuliahan. Penelitian ini hendak menelusuri peran kesadaran metakognitif sebagai mediator dalam hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Kemampuan berpikir kritis pada penelitian ini diukur dengan Tes Analog yang dikembangkan oleh Suleeman & Christia (2016), kecerdasan emosional diukur dengan Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF) oleh Petrides (2009) yang diadaptasi ke bahasa Indonesia oleh Deminiz (2019), dan kesadaran metakognitif diukur dengan Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) oleh Schraw & Dennison (1994) yang diadaptasi oleh Abdullah (2015) ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Partisipan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 100 mahasiswa tahun pertama berusia 17–22 tahun (M = 19.10), dengan partisipan perempuan berjumlah 83 orang (83%) dan partisipan laki-laki 17 orang (17%). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non-eksperimental menggunakan metode analisis regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran metakognitif (M = 153.81, SD = 12.52) berperan dalam memediasi secara penuh (fully mediated) hubungan kecerdasan emosional dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis (indirect effect = 0.0342, BootSE = 0.0190, CI[0.0014,0.0751]), sedangkan efek langsung dari kecerdasan emosional terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis tidak menunjukkan signifikansi (direct effect = 0.0250, SE = 0.0239, CI [-0.0224,0.0723]).

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Critical thinking skill is an essential 21st century skill set for college students. Increased access to information requires students to be able to think critically in order to manage information accurately. Critical thinking skill is also very important in the workplace, so it is necessary for undergraduate students to improve the skill since the very first-year of college. This study aims to understand the role of metacognitive awareness as a mediator in the relationship between emotional intelligence and critical thinking skill. In this study, critical thinking skill is measured with Tes Analog developed by Suleeman & Christia (2016), emotional intelligence with Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF) by Petrides (2009) which has been adapted into the Indonesian language by Deminiz (2019), and metacognitive awareness with Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) by Schraw & Dennison (1994) that has been adapted into the Indonesia language by Abdullah (2015). Participants in this study are 100 first-year students aged 17–22 (M = 19.12), with 83 female participants (83%) and 17 male participants (17%). This study is a non-experimental research using simple regression analysis methods. The result of this study indicates that metacognitive awareness (M = 153.81, SD = 12.52) plays a role in mediating the relationship of emotional intelligence with critical thinking (indirect effect = 0.0342, BootSE = 0.0190, CI[0.0014,0.0751]). Meanwhile, the direct effect of emotional intelligence on critical thinking skills does not show any significance (direct effect = 0.0250, SE = 0.0239, CI[-0.0224,0.0723])."