Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Jumlah warga Negara Indonesia yang melakukan bunuh diri adalah sebesar 11 juta orang dengan memiliki latar belakang depresi. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 50% orang yang mengalami adverse childhood experience akan berakhir memiliki gejala depresi di masa dewasa. Jenis attachment style di masa dewasa juga berhubungan dengan adverse childhood experience dan berkontribusi dalam memunculkan gejala depresi. Penelitian kali ini mencoba melihat hubungan antara adverse childhood experience, jenis attachment style di masa dewasa, dan gejala depresi. Gejala depresi diukur menggunakan Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), adverse childhood experience diukur dengan menggunakan Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACE), dan attachment style di masa dewasa diukur dengan menggunakan Adult Attachment Scale (AAS). Penelitian kali ini dilakukan terhadap 482 orang dewasa muda di jabodetabek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antara adverse childhood experience (r = 0,388, n = 482, p < 0,01). Adverse childhood experience memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan paling besar dengan anxious attachment style di masa dewasa dibandingkan dengan jenis attachment lain (r = 0,271, n = 482, p < 0,01). Anxious attachment style di masa dewasa juga memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan paling tinggi dengan gejala depresi dibandingkan dengan jenis attachment lainnya (r = 0,486, n = 482, p < 0,01). Penelitian ini memiliki limitasi yakni kriteria partisipan yang kurang terfokus terhadap orang-orang yang pernah mengalami adverse childhood experience dan proporsi sampel yang kurang merata.

---

The number of Indonesian citizens who commit suicide is 11 million people with a background of depression. Previous research has shown that as many as 50% of people who experience bad childhood experiences end up with depressive symptoms in adulthood. This type of stylistic attachment in adulthood is also associated with adverse childhood experiences and contributes to depressive symptoms. The current study looks at the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, types of attachment styles in adulthood, and symptoms of depression. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), adverse childhood experiences as measured using the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACE), and attachment style in adulthood measured using the Adult Attachment Scale (AAS). The current research was conducted on 482 young adults in Jabodetabek. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between bad experiences during childhood (r = 0.388, n = 482, p <0.01). Adverse childhood experiences had a significant and greatest association with anxious attachment style in adulthood compared with other attachment types (r = 0.271, n = 482, p <0.01). Anxious attachment style in adulthood also had a significant and highest association with depressive symptoms compared to other types of attachments (r = 0.486, n = 482, p <0.01). The limitations of this study are, the criteria of participants are less focused on people who have experienced adverse childhood experience and the proportion of the sample is not evenly distributed."

"ABSTRAK Pada tahun 2017, Indonesia telah memasuki keadaan darurat narkoba dengan jumlah total 3.376.115 pengguna narkoba (Badan Narkotika Nasional, 2017). Menurut data yang diperoleh dari National NarcoticsAgency (2017), dari total pengguna narkoba di Indonesia, 489.197 orang mengalami narkoba kecanduan. Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian sebelumnya diketahui bahwa terdapat beberapa faktor yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya hal ini menyebabkan seseorang mengalami kecanduan narkoba, seperti pengalaman masa kanak-kanak yang merugikan (ACE) dan depresi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan yang merugikan pengalaman masa kecil (ACE), depresi, dan kecanduan narkoba. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah penduduk Balai Besar Rehabilitasi Badan Narkotika Nasional (n = 193), dengan rentang usia berusia antara 18-58 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan model bertahap untukmenganalisis data. Studi ini menemukan bahwa pengalaman masa kecil yang merugikan dan depresi bisa terjadi memprediksi kecanduan narkoba. Disamping itu jumlah obat yang dikonsumsi dan lamanya penggunaan obat bisa memprediksi kemungkinan kecanduan narkoba di antara peserta. Tapi, hasil ini tidak bisa digeneralisasikan ke populasi lain karena data tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian ini bisa digunakan sebagai dasar pertimbangan untuk mengembangkan program trauma informed care (TIC) di Balai Rehabilitasi BNN.

---

ABSTRACTIn 2017, Indonesia entered into a state of drug emergency with a total of 3,376,115 drug users (National Narcotics Agency, 2017). According to data obtained from the National NarcoticsAgency (2017), of the total drug users in Indonesia, 489,197 people experience drug addiction. Based on several previous studies, it is known that there are several factors that can cause this to cause a person to experience drug addiction, such as adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of adverse childhood experiences (ACE), depression, and drug addiction. The population of this study were residents of the National Narcotics Agency Rehabilitation Center (n = 193), with an age range between 18-58 years. This study uses multiple linear regression with a stepwise model for analyze data. The study found that adverse childhood experiences and depression can predict drug addiction. In addition, the number of drugs consumed and the duration of drug use could predict the likelihood of drug addiction among participants. However, these results cannot be generalized to other populations because the data are not normally distributed. The results of this study can be used as a basis for consideration in developing a trauma informed care (TIC) program at the BNN Rehabilitation Center."

"

Pasangan yang telah menikah di Indonesia diketahui memiliki indeks kebahagiaan yang tinggi. Namun, pasangan yang menikah nyatanya juga menunjukkan angka perceraian dan KDRT yang cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan adverse childhood experiences dan relationship satisfaction dengan dimensi adult attachment sebagai moderator pada pasangan dewasa muda yang sudah menikah di Jabodetabek (N=258). Pada penelitian ini, ACE diukur menggunakan ACE-Q, relationship satisfaction diukur menggunakan Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS), dan adult attachment diukur menggunakan ECR-RS. Setelah penelitian dilakukan, diketahui bahwa anxiety memperkuat dampak negatif ACE dan relationship satisfaction (b=0.26, t=2.24, p<.05). Sedangkan, avoidance diketahui tidak berperan dalam hubungan ACE dan RS (b=-0.15, t=-1.08, p=.27).

---

Married couples in Indonesia have a high happiness index of all marital status. But married couples also shows high divorce and domestic violence rates in Indonesia. This research was conducted to examine the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and relationship satisfaction with adult attachment dimensions as moderators in married young adult couples in Jabodetabek (N=258). ACE was measured using the ACE-Q, relationship satisfaction was measured using the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS), and adult attachment was measured using the ECR-RS. It was discovered that anxiety strengthened the negative impact of ACEs and relationship satisfaction (b=0.26, t=2.24, p<.05). Meanwhile, avoidance was found not to play a role in the relationship between ACE and RS (b=-0.15, t=-1.08, p=.27)."

"Pola kelekatan memiliki peranan penting dalam hubungan cinta orang dewasa (Hazan & Shaver dalam Bird & Melville, 1994). Pola kelekatan yang dimiliki seseorang di masa dewasanya dianggap memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan pola kelekatan yang ia bangun dengan orangtua di masa kecilnya. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui hubungan antara pola kelekatan dengan orangtua di masa kecil dan pola kelekatan dengan pasangan hidup pada dewasa muda. Pola kelekatan dengan orangtua di masa kecil akan dipisahkan antara pola kelekatan dengan Ayah dan pola kelekatan dengan Ibu untuk mendapatkan jawaban yang spesifik mengenai pola kelekatan yang dibangun responden pada kedua orangtuanya. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 122 dewasa muda berusia 25 ? 40 tahun yang telah menikah selama 5 ? 10 tahun. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola kelekatan dengan Ayah dan Ibu di masa kecil dan pola kelekatan dengan pasangan hidup pada dewasa muda. Beberapa faktor dalam teori dan metodologi yang menyebabkan tidak signifikannya hasil penelitian akan dibahas lebih lanjut.

---

AbstractAttachment style has an important role in romatic relationship in adult (Hazan & Shaver in Bird & Melville, 1994). Attachment style in adulthood can be considered to be strongly correlated with attachment style that he/she has with their parents in childhood. This research intend to explore the relationship between attachment style with parents in childhood and attachment style with spouse in young adult. Attachment style with parents in childhood is distinguished between attachment style with Father and attachment style with Mother to get specific answer about attachment style that respondents have with both of their parents. There are 122 young adults respondents involved in this research which is between 25 ? 40 in age and have been married for 5 ? 10 years. This research found out that the relationship between attachment style with Father and Mother in childhood and attachment style with spouse in young adult is not significant. Some factors in the theory and methodologist which might be the cost of this insignificant result is discussed."

"Literatur menunjukkan bahwa kedua bentuk kekerasan hubungan intim, yakni secara langsung yang disebut sebagai in-person intimate partner aggression (IPA) dan secara siber yang disebut sebagai cyber intimate partner aggression (CIPA), kerap kali terjadi pada populasi dewasa muda. Berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu, IPA dan CIPA dapat diprediksi oleh adverse childhood experience (ACE) melalui proses belajar sosial. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat peran ACE dalam memprediksi IPA dan CIPA, serta menguji hubungan antara kedua bentuk kekerasan tersebut. Penelitian ini melibatkan 945 individu dewasa muda di Indonesia yang pernah atau sedang menjalani hubungan romantis. Instrumen-instrumen yang digunakan adalah Revised Conflict Tactics Scales–Short Form (CTS2S; Straus & Douglas, 2004) untuk mengukur tindakan IPA; (2) Cyber Aggression in Relationship Scale (CARS; Watkins dkk., 2018) untuk mengukur tindakan CIPA; dan (3) Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ- SF; Bernstein dkk., 2003) untuk mengukur ACE. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa dimensi physical assault, psychological aggression, dan sexual coercion dari IPA dan perilaku CIPA secara keseluruhan dapat diprediksi secara signifikan dan positif oleh ACE (β=0.005, SE=0.001, p>0.001; β=0.016, SE=0.002, p>0.001; β=0.005, SE=0.001, p>0.001; β=0.085, SE=0.016, p>0.001). Seluruh dimensi IPA ditemukan memiliki hubungan yang positif dan signifikan dengan CIPA (p<0.001). Implikasi hasil penelitian serta saran metodologis dan praktis dibahas lebih lanjut.

---

The literature shows that both direct and online forms of intimate partner aggression, known as in-person intimate partner aggression (IPA) and cyber intimate partner aggression (CIPA), are common in the young adult population. Based on earlier studies, IPA and CIPA can be predicted by adverse childhood experience (ACE) through social learning processes. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the role of ACE in predicting IPA and CIPA, as well as the relationship between the two forms of intimate partner aggression. This study involved 945 young adults in Indonesia who were or are currently in a romantic relationship. The instruments used were Revised Conflict Tactics Scales–Short Form (CTS2S; Straus & Douglas, 2004) to measure IPA; (2) Cyber Aggression in Relationship Scale (CARS; Watkins et al., 2018) to measure CIPA; and (3) the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF; Bernstein et al., 2003) to measure ACE. The results of the regression analysis showed that the dimensions of IPA (physical assault, psychological aggression, and sexual coercion) and CIPA can be predicted significantly and positively by ACE (β=0.005, SE=0.001, p>0.001; =0.016, SE=0.002 , p>0.001; =0.005, SE=0.001, p>0.001; =0.085, SE=0.016, p>0.001). All dimensions of IPA were also found to have a positive and significant relationship with CIPA (p<0.001). The implications of the research as well as methodological and practical suggestions are discussed further."

"Dewasa muda menggunakan teknologi komunikasi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, termasuk untuk menjalin hubungan romantisnya. Namun, teknologi digital kemudian berpotensi menjadi sebuah wadah untuk melakukan kekerasan terhadap pasangan, dikenal sebagai cyber intimate partner aggression (CIPA). Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, CIPA dapat diprediksi oleh adverse childhood experience (ACE). ACE dipercaya berpotensi memunculkan early maladaptive schema (EMS) pada individu yang kemudian meningkatkan kemungkinan melakukan CIPA. Penelitian sebelumnya menemukan bahwa skema domain yang paling berpengaruh antara hubungan ACE dan CIPA adalah disconnection & rejection. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat peran mediasi domain disconnection & rejection, secara keseluruhan dan masing-masing skema di dalamnya, dalam hubungan antara cyber intimate partner aggression dengan adverse childhood experience. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah 941 dewasa muda yang pernah atau sedang menjalani hubungan romantis dan berdomisili di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa perilaku cyber intimate partner aggression dapat diprediksi secara signifikan dan positif oleh adverse childhood experience (β=.084, SE=.016 p <.001). Selanjutnya, skema domain disconnection & rejection secara keseluruhan dapat memediasi hubungan tersebut secara signifikan. Dari lima skema yang ada, skema abandonment dan skema mistrust/abuse yang dapat secara signifikan memediasi hubungan yang ada. Implikasi hasil penelitian dibahas lebih lanjut.

---

Young adults use communication technology in their daily lives, including to establish romantic relationships. However, communication technology potentially creates a new platform for violence against partner, known as cyber intimate partner aggression (CIPA). Based on previous research, CIPA can be predicted by adverse childhood experience (ACE). ACE is believed to have the potential to cause early maladaptive schema (EMS) in individuals which then increases the likelihood of performing CIPA. Previous research found that the most influential domain scheme in the relationship between ACE and CIPA was disconnection & rejection. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the mediation role of the disconnection & rejection domain, as a whole and separately for each schema in the domain, in the relationship between cyber intimate partner aggression and adverse childhood experience. Participants in this study were 941 young adults who had or are currently in a romantic relationship and domiciled in Indonesia. The results indicate that the behavior of cyber intimate partner aggression can be significantly and positively predicted by adverse childhood experience (β=.084, SE=.016 p <.001). Furthermore, the overall disconnection & rejection domain schema can significantly mediate the relationship. Out of the five existing schemas, the abandonment schema and the mistrust/abuse schema could significantly mediate the existing relationship. Research implications discussed further."

"Kekerasan berpacaran merupakan kekerasan yang paling banyak ditemui pada dewasa muda di Indonesia pada tahun 2019. Pengalaman masa kecil yang buruk merupakan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kekerasan dalam berpacaran. Salah satu yang diduga menjembatani kedua varibel ini adalah anxious attachment. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah anxious attachment memediasi pengalaman masa kecil yang buruk dengan kekerasan dalam berpacaran pada dewasa muda. Partisipan dalam penelitian  ini berjumlah 345 orang dengan rata-rata usia 21.56 tahun. Pengalaman masa kecil yang buruk diukur dengan Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form, kekerasan dalam berpacaran diukur dengan Conflict Tactics Scales Revised Short Form dan anxious attachment diukur dengan Short Form Experience in Close Relationships- Revised. Hasil analisis menggunakan analisis mediasi menjelaskan bahwa anxious attachment memediasi hubungan antara pengalaman masa kecil yang buruk dengan kekerasan dalam berpacaran subskala injury pada dewasa muda (ab=0.0069,SE=0.0,99%, CI[0.0024, 0.0134]). Anxious attachment tidak memediasi pengalaman masa kecil yang buruk dengan kekerasan dalam berpacaran subskala psychological aggression, sexual coercion, physical assault dan negotiation. Kesimpulan penelitian menjelaskan bahwa semakin sering pengalaman masa kecil yang buruk dialami seseorang, semakin tinggi anxious attachment seseorang yang kemudian mengarahkan pada meningkatnya kekerasan dalam berpacaran subskala injury pada dewasa muda. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat menggunakan instrumen tambahan seperti wawancara.

---

Dating violence was the most common type of violence happened to young adult in Indonesia in 2019. Adverse Childhood Experience is a risk factor that influence the development dating violence. Anxious attachment is postulated to mediate these two variables. The purpose of this study was to examinate whether anxious attachment mediates the relationship between adverse childhood experience and dating violence in young adulthood. The study was conducted on 345 participants with average age 21.56. Adverse Childhood Experience measured by Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form, dating violence were measured by Conflict Tactics Scales Revised Short Form and anxious attachment measured by Short Form Experience in Close Relationships-Revised. The result  analysis using mediation analysis showed that anxious attachment significantly mediated the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experience and dating violence subscale injury in young adulthood (ab=0.0069,SE=0.0,99%, CI[0.0024, 0.0134]). Anxious attachment not mediate dating violence subscale  psychological aggression, sexual coercion, physical assault and negotiation. The research conclusion proves that the more often Adverse Childhood Experience happened, the higher the anxious attachment, which leads to increased dating violence subscale injury in young adulthood. Future research are suggested to add additional instrument such as interviews."

"Perkembangan teknologi menyediakan sarana baru untuk melakukan kekerasan dalam hubungan romantis, yang disebut sebagai cyber intimate partner aggression (CIPA), yang kerap kali terjadi pada usia dewasa muda. Penelitian terdahulu menemukan bahwa anxious attachment berhubungan dengan CIPA dan adverse childhood experience (ACE), yang merupakan prediktor kuat dari CIPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran mediasi anxious attachment dalam hubungan antara ACE dan CIPA pada individu dewasa muda di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 instrumen penelitian, yaitu (1) Cyber Aggression in Relationship Scale (CARS; Watkins et al., 2018) untuk mengukur CIPA; (2) Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF; Bernstein et al., 2003) untuk mengukur ACE; dan (3) Experience in Close Relationship Scale-Revised 18 (ECR-R-18; Margaretha, 2020; Wongparkan & Wongparkan, 2012) untuk mengukur anxious attachment. Sampel penelitian ini berasal dari 941 partisipan dengan rata-rata usia 22.7 tahun, yang sedang atau pernah menjalani hubungan romantis serta menggunakan teknologi untuk menjalani hubungan romantis. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa ACE dapat memprediksi perilaku CIPA secara signifikan dan positif. Hasil analisis mediasi juga menunjukkan bahwa anxious attachment berperan sebagai mediator parsial dalam hubungan ACE dan CIPA. Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi pada pengembangan usaha preventif dan intervensi CIPA.

---

Technology developments have resulted in a new form of violence often occurring in young adult romantic relationships, namely cyber intimate partner aggression (CIPA). While previous findings show anxious attachment and adverse childhood experience (ACE) as strong predictors of CIPA, this study aims to look at the mediating role of anxious attachment in the relationship between ACE and CIPA in young adults in Indonesia. This study uses 3 research instruments, namely (1) Cyber ??Aggression in Relationship Scale (CARS; Watkins et al., 2018) to measure CIPA; (2) Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF; Bernstein et al., 2003) to measure ACE; and (3) Experience in Close Relationship Scale-Revised 18 (ECR-R-18; Margaretha, 2020; Wongparkan & Wongparkan, 2012) to measure anxious attachment. This study takes samples from 941 participants with an average age of 22.7 years who are currently or have previously been committed in a romantic relationship. The results of the regression analysis shows that ACE can predict CIPA behavior significantly and positively. The results of the mediation analysis also show that anxious attachment acts as a partial mediator in the relationship between ACE and CIPA. This research has implications for the development of CIPA preventive and intervention efforts."

"Berbagai studi telah dilakukan mengenai keterkaitan antara adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) dan self-compassion terhadap gejala depresi. Peran kedua variabel tersebut terhadap gejala depresi juga telah diteliti, akan tetapi penelitian yang membandingkan peran keduanya terhadap gejala depresi masih sangat terbatas, khususnya pada populasi emerging adulthood di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peran pengalaman sulit di masa kecil dan self-compassion terhadap gejala depresi pada emerging adulthood. Partisipan penelitian adalah individu emerging adulthood (N=482), yang diberikan kuesioner BDI-II untuk mengukur depresi, ACEQ untuk mengukur pengalaman sulit di masa kecil, dan SCS-SF untuk mengukur self-compassion yang dilakukan secara daring. Hasil penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa baik pengalaman sulit di masa kecil maupun self-compassion berperan secara signifikan terhadap gejala depresi. Dibandingkan pengalaman sulit di masa kecil, self-compassion merupakan prediktor yang lebih kuat terhadap gejala depresi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, kesadaran masyarakat tentang self-compassion perlu ditingkatkan karena dapat menjadi faktor pelindung potensial untuk gejala depresi.

---

Many studies have done research about the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and self-compassion as predictors to depression symptoms. The role of those two variables in depression symptoms has also been done, however studies that comparing role those two variable on depressive symptoms are still very limited, specifically, in the emerging adulthood population in Indonesia. This study aims to test the role of adverse childhood experiences and self-compassion in depression symptoms in emerging adulthood. Participants of this study were emerging adulthood individuals (N=482), who were given BDI-II questionnaire to measure depression, ACE-Q to measure adverse childhood experiences, and SCS-SF to measure self-compassion conducted online. The results of this study, using multiple linear regression, showed that both adverse childhood experiences and self-compassion have a significant role in depression. Compared to adverse childhood experiences, self-compassion is the stronger predictor in depression symptoms. According to the results of this study, public awareness of self-compassion needs to be raised as it can be a potential protective factor for depression symptoms."

"Adanya pandemi Covid-19 menjadi stresor terhadap individu yang berpotensi meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap pengalaman gejala depresi. Hubungan romantis merupakan salah satu sumber daya dalam mengurangi depresi karena dapat memberikan dukungan sosial yang dibutuhkan. Meskipun begitu, persepsi dukungan sosial adalah fenomena yang kompleks dan dapat ditentukan oleh faktor individu, seperti attachment. Pola attachment seseorang akan mewarnai ekspektasi dan preferensinya terhadap dukungan sosial yang diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model perceived social support sebagai mediator pada hubungan antara pola attachment dengan gejala depresi, pada dewasa muda di Indonesia yang sedang menjalani hubungan romantis. Sebanyak 279 partisipan mengisi instrumen Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised untuk mengukur tingkat attachment anxiety dan attachment avoidance, instrumen Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support untuk mengukur tingkat persepsi dukungan sosial, dan instrumen Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression untuk mengukur gejala depresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efek pola attachment (melalui tingkat attachment anxiety dan tingkat attachment avoidance) terhadap gejala depresi dimediasi secara parsial oleh tingkat perceived social support individu. Perbedaan jenis kelamin dan status hubungan yang sedang dijalani (status hubungan romantis pranikah atau hubungan pernikahan) juga ditemukan signifikan menjadi kovariat dalam kedua model mediasi.

---

The existence of the Covid-19 pandemic is a stressor for individuals that has the potential to increase susceptibility to experiencing depressive symptoms. Based on the literature review, romantic relationships can be a resource in dealing with depression through a stable social support network in the relationship, primarily if the social support is conceptualized as perceived social support. However, perceived social support is a complex phenomenon and can be determined by individual factors such as attachment styles since attachment style will affect individual expectations and preferences for social support. This study examines perceived social support as a mediator of attachment style and depressive symptoms among young adults in Indonesia in a romantic relationship. A total of 279 participants completed the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised to measure the level of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support to measure the perceived social support, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression to measure reports of depressive symptoms. The results showed that the effect of the attachment style (through the level of attachment anxiety and the level of attachment avoidance) on depressive symptoms was partially mediated by perceived social support. Differences in gender and the type of relationship (premarital and marital relationship) were also significant covariates in both mediation models."