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"ABSTRAKIndonesia sebagai salah satu negara berkembang menghadapi isu yang sama di kalangan anak pra-sekolah, yaitu terdapat peningkatan prevalensi obesitas yang memiliki kaitan dengan iklan makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan antara keterpaparan iklan makanan dan pemilihan makanan di rumah untuk anak di Jakarta Pusat. Studi potong lintang dan melibatkan 240 pengasuh dilakukan di pusat pendidikan anak usia dini PAUD . Kuisioner terstruktur dan food frequency questionnaire FFQ digunakan untuk menilai keterpaparan iklan makanan dan konsumsi makanan yang dilakukan oleh enumerator yang telah dilatih. Binary logistic digunakan dengan tingkat kepercayaan 0.05. Sekitar 80 dari responden adalah ibu, kurang dari 15 memiliki pendidikan tinggi, 82 dari mereka tidak bekerja dan 42 tinggal dalam keluarga besar. Kurang dari 80 responden pernah terpapar iklan makanan dari media. Makanan yang paling banyak dipilih adalah produk susu 85 dan diikuti oleh sereal 75.8 serta gula dan konfeksioneri 60 dalam sebulan terakhir. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara keterpaparan iklan makanan dengan pemilihan produk gula konfeksioneri p

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ABSTRACTIndonesia as one of developing country faces the same issue of obesity among pre school children. There was increasing of obesity prevalence, which the food marketing has the role in it. The study aims to assess the association between food marketing exposure and home food selection for children in Central Jakarta. Cross sectional study with 240 caregivers rsquo was carried out through early childhood education centers in Central Jakarta. Structured questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire FFQ was used to assess food marketing exposure and dietary consumption by trained enumerator. Binary logistic was used with significant level 0.05. Approximately 80 of the respondents were mothers, less than 15 had high education, 82 were non working and 42 lived in extended family. Less than 80 of the respondents ever exposed to the media food marketing. The most selected food was milk products 85 and followed by cereal 75.8 and sugar confectionery 60 on monthly basis. There was significant association between food marketing exposure and the selection of sugar confectionery products p"

"Pemilihan jajanan masih menjadi masalah bagi anak usia sekolah yang berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan anak. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional dengan uji chi square diterapkan untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat pengetahuan tentang keamanan makanan pada keluarga dengan pemilihan jajanan anak usia sekolah terhadap 110 siswa pada kelas 4 sampai dengan kelas 6 beserta ibu dari siswa tersebut, yang terpilih melalui proportionate stratified random sampling di MI Al- Inayah Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner food safety untuk tingkat pengetahuan keluarga terutama ibu siswa dan kuesioner food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) untuk mengukur pemilihan jajanan anak usia sekolah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu dengan pemilihan jajanan anak usia sekolah (p value = 0,690). Dari hasil nilai OR didapatkan 0,605 yang menunjukkan bahwa ibu dengan pengetahuan cukup memiliki peluang 0,605 kali untuk memiliki anak dengan pemilihan jajanan tidak sehat dibandingkan dengan ibu yang berpengetahuan baik. Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan kepada anak usia sekolah dan keluarga terutama ibu dari siswa untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai keamanan makanan dan pemilihan jajanan yang aman dan sehat untuk dikonsumsi anak usia sekolah.

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Food selection is still a problem for school-aged children who have an effect on child health. The design of this research using cross sectional with the Chi Square test was applied to analyse the knowledge level relationship of food safety in families with the selection of school-age snacks to 110 students in grades 4 through Class 6 and the mother of the student, selected through proportionate stratified random sampling at MI Al-Inayah, East Jakarta. This research uses food safety questionnaires for the family knowledge level, especially mothers students and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) questionnaires to measure the selection of school-age childrens snacks. Based on the results of the study showed no significant link between the level of maternal knowledge with the selection of school-age childrens hawker (p value = 0.690). From the value of OR obtained 0.605, indicating that the mother with enough knowledge has a chance of 0.605 times to have children with the selection of unhealthy food compared to a well-knowledgeable mother. The results of this study suggest to school-age children and families especially mothers of students to increase their knowledge of food safety and the selection of safe and healthy snacks for school age children to consume."

"Latar Belakang: Prevalensi stunting yang tinggi di Indonesia. Sementara itu, belum banyak penelitian yang menilai keragaman, frekuensi dan asupan gizi terhadap nilai z score tinggi badan menurut umur dengan membandingkan pedesaan dan perkotaan di Indonesia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan asupan gizi, frekuensi dan keragaman pangan terhadap nilai z score tinggi badan menurut umur pada anak pada pedesaan dan perkotaan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi cross sectional, menggunakan data sekunderdari Departemen Ilmu Gizi FKUI. Sebanyak 223 anak pra sekolah, 113 anak di kota Jakarta Pusat dan 110 anak di desa Sujung, Banten diukur tinggi badan serta dinilai asupan makanannya. Lalu data diolah menggunakan Nutrisurvey dan WHO Anthro. Untuk menganalis hubungannya dengan nilai z score tinggi badan menurut umur menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil: Hasil yang didapatkan dari korelasi asupan gizi (energi), keragaman dan frekuensi pangan pada anak terhadap nilai z score tinggi badan menurut umur di Jakarta adalah 0.004, 0.119, 0.280; Banten <0.001, 0.761, 0.044; dan keseluruhan <0.001, <0.001, 0.001. Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi antara asupan gizi (energi) terhadap nilai z score tinggi badan menurut umur yang bermakna pada kedua kelompok dan secara keseluruhan. Terdapat korelasi antara keragaman pangan terhadap nilai z score tinggi badan menurut umur yang bermakna secara keseluruhan. Terdapat korelasi antara frekuensi pangan terhadap nilai z score tinggi badan menurut umur yang bermakna di pedesaan dan secara keseluruhan.Background: The prevalence of stunting is high in Indonesia. Meanwhile, there are not many studies that measure diversity, frequency and nutrient intake on height z scores by age with rural and urban comparisons in Indonesia. Objective: This research was done to assess the relationship of nutritional intake, frequency and diversity of food on the z score of height according to age in children in rural and urban areas. Methods: This study uses a cross sectional study, using secondary data from the Department of Nutrition Science FKUI. A total of 223 children, 113 children in the city of Central Jakarta and 110 children the village of Sujung, Banten, measured height and assessed food intake. Then the data is processed using Nutrisurvey and WHO Anthro. To analyze the relationship with height z scores according to age using the SPSS program. Results: The results obtained from the correlation of nutritional intake (energy), diversity and frequency of food in children in Jakarta are 0.004, 0.119, 0.280; Banten <0.001,0.761, 0.044; and overall <0.001, <0.001, 0.001. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between nutritional intake (energy) and theheight for age z score in both groups and as a whole. There is a significant correlation between food diversity and the height for age z score in overall. There is a significant correlation between food frequency and the height for age z score in village and overall."

"Latar Belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 telah menyebabkan perubahan budaya, termasuk bekerja dari rumah dan pola makan. Meningkatnya penggunaan aplikasi pesan antar makanan selama pandemi Covid-19, mengakibatkan lebih banyak konsumsi makanan jauh dari rumah/food away from home (FAFH), terutama di kalangan pekerja kantoran, dapat berdampak pada kualitas diet, yang dapat berkontribusi pada obesitas dan penyakit tidak menular (PTM) yang berhubungan dengan diet. Namun, hubungan antara FAFH dan faktor sosiodemografis yang memengaruhi kualitas diet pada pekerja kantoran masih belum jelas. Studi ini mengeksplorasi hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi FAFH dan sosiodemografi terhadap kualitas diet pada pekerja kantoran. Metode: Data cross-sectional dikumpulkan dari 220 pekerja kantoran di Jakarta, Indonesia, mengenai informasi tentang sosio-demografis dan frekuensi konsumsi FAFH menggunakan kuesioner online terstruktur dan berpartisipasi dalam wawancara food recall 2x24 jam melalui wawancara online. Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) yang dimodifikasi digunakan untuk menilai kualitas diet. SPSS Versi 22 digunakan untuk semua analisis statistik dalam penelitian ini. Hasil: Kualitas diet yang secara signifikan lebih rendah ditemukan pada pekerja kantoran laki-laki dan pekerja kantoran yang mengonsumsi FAFH frekuensi tinggi (p < 0.05). Dalam model regresi linier, kualitas diet berhubungan signifikan dengan jenis kelamin (β = -3.567; 95% CI = (-6.190) - (0.945); p = 0.008) dan frekuensi konsumsi FAFH (β = -7.853; 95% CI = (-10.081) - (-5.625); p = 0.000). Kesimpulan: Pekerja kantoran, terutama pekerja kantoran laki-laki, sebaiknya membatasi konsumsi FAFH dan memilih opsi yang lebih sehat saat mengonsumsi FAFH. Pemerintah sebaiknya memberikan program pendidikan gizi berorientasi FAFH untuk industri makanan.

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Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has led to cultural changes, including working from home and eating patterns. The increased use of food delivery during the Covid-19 pandemic, which resulted in more consumption of food away from home (FAFH), especially among office workers, may have an impact on diet quality, which may be contributed to obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCD) related to diet. However, the relationships between FAFH and sociodemographic factors influencing diet quality among office workers are still unclear. This study explored the association between the consumption frequency of FAFH and sociodemographics on the diet quality among office workers. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from 220 office workers in Jakarta, Indonesia, regarding information about the socio-demographics and consumptionfrequency of FAFH using a structured online questionnaire and participating in the 2x24-hour dietary recall interview through an online interview. A modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) was used to assess the diet quality. SPSS Version 22 was used for all statistical analyses. Results: Significantly lower diet quality was found in male office workers and office workers consuming high-frequency FAFH (p < 0.05). In the logistic linear regression model, the diet quality was significantly associated with gender (β = -3.567; 95% CI = -6.190 to -0.945; p = 0.008) and consumption frequency of FAFH ( β = -7.853; 95% CI = -10.081 to -5.625; p = 0.000). Conclusions: Office workers, especially male office workers, should limit their consumption of FAFH and choose healthier options when consuming FAFH. The government should give FAFH-oriented nutrition education programs for the food industry."

"Pengaruh globalisasi dan urbanisasi menyebabkan penyebaran informasi dan budaya yang sangat cepat. Pola makan menjadi salah satu aspek yang turut terdampak akibat tersebarnya budaya barat ke seluruh dunia secara cepat. Saat ini makanan siap saji menjadi salah satu jenis makanan yang digemari banyak orang, termasuk anak-anak. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah baru karena kandungan makanan siap saji yang tinggi akan kalori, sodium, serta rendah serat dapat menimbulkan masalah kesehatan jika dikonsumsi berlebihan. Kelebihan kalori dalam tubuh dapat menyebabkan peningkatan simpanan lemak tubuh yang apabila terjadi dalam waktu lama akan menjadi penyebab berbagai masalah kesehatan. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder sub-sampel dari penelitian South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS) 2.0 dengan jenis studi potong lintang dengan total sampel sebanyak 95 anak, terdiri atas 39 anak laki-laki dan 56 anak perempuan. Kebiasaan konsumsi makanan siap saji dinilai menggunakan kuesioner Child Food Habit Questionairre (CFH), sedangkan persentase lemak tubuh diukur menggunakan Body Composition Analyzer. Karakteristik subjek penelitian merupakan anak usia 7—12 tahun yang berasal dari wilayah Jakarta Utara dan Kepulauan Seribu. Konsumsi makanan siap saji sebanyak 1 bulan sekali menjadi konsumsi terbanyak pada populasi dengan persentase 15,8% serta nilai persentase lemak tubuh dengan median 14,2%. Berdasarkan uji Kruskal-Wallis, didapatkan korelasi yang signifikan antara Kebiasaan konsumsi makanan siap saji (p=0,001), usia (p=0,047), IMT (p=0,001), aktivitas fisik (p=0,001), dan pendidikan ayah (p=0,010) dengan persentase lemak tubuh. Selain itu, berdasarkan uji regresi linear berganda diketahui bahwa IMT (p=0,001) dan aktivitas fisik (p=0,001) memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhdap persentase lemak tubuh. Kebiasaan konsumsi makanan siap saji berhubungan dengan persentase lemak tubuh pada anak usia sekolah di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Faktor yang memengaruhi persentase lemak tubuh adalah IMT dan aktivitas fisik.

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The influence of globalization and urbanization causes the spread of information and culture very quickly. Diet is one aspect that is also affected by the rapid spread of western culture throughout the world. Currently, fast food has become a type of food that is popular with many people, including children. This creates new problems because fast foods that are high in calories and sodium and low in fiber can cause health problems if consumed in excess. Excess calories in the body can cause increased body fat stores. If this occurs for a long time, it will cause various health problems. The research used secondary data from the South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS) 2.0 research with a cross-sectional study design. This study used subsample data from the SEANUTS study with a total sample of  95 children, consisting of  39 boys and 56 girls. Fast food consumption habits were assessed using the CFH questionnaire, while body fat percentage was measured using the Body Composition Analyzer. The characteristics of the research subjects were children aged 7-12 years who came from Jakarta Utara and Kepulauan Seribu. Consuming fast food once a month is the highest consumption in the population with a percentage of 15.8%, as well as the median value of body fat percentage was 14.2 percent. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, a significant correlation was found between fast food consumption habits (p=0.001), age (p=0.047), BMI (p=0.001), physical activity (p=0.001), and father's education (p= 0.010) with body fat percentage. Apart from that, based on the multiple linear regression test, it is known that BMI (p=0.001) and physical activity (p=0.001) have a significant influence on body fat percentage. The habit of consuming fast food is related to the percentage of body fat in school-aged children in DKI Jakarta Province. Factors that influence body fat percentage are BMI and physical activity."

"ABSTRAKAnak usia sekolah rentan mengkonsumsi makanan tidak sehat padahal merekamembutuhkan makanan sehat. Hal ini tergantung dari persepsi mereka karenapersepsi mempengaruhi pilihan jenis makanan yang akan dikonsumsi. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk menggambarkan persepsi tentang makanan sehat pada anak usiasekolah di SDN 02 Duren Sawit. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatifdengan metode deskriptif. Jumlah sampel berjumlah 77 anak yang diambil secaraacak. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu 54,5% anak berpersepsi baik tentang gizi seimbang,66,3% anak berpersepsi baik tentang kebutuhan gizi, dan 72,7% berpersepsi baiktentang keamanan makanan. Ada hubungan antara terpaparnya informasi denganpersepsi tentang gizi seimbang dan kebutuhan gizi namun tidak berhubungan denganpersepsi tentang keamanan makanan.

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ABSTRACTSchool age children have susceptible to eat unhealthy food whereas they need healthy

food. It depend on their perception because perception will affect their choice of food.

This study aims to describe the perception of school age children about healthy food

at SDN 02 Duren Sawit. This study used quantitative research with descriptive

methods. The number of samples amounted to 77 children taken at random. The

results showed that 54,5% of children have good perception about balanced nutrition,

66,3% of children have good perception about nutritional needs, and 72,7% have

good perception about food safety. There was relationship between get of information

about healthy food with perception about balanced nutrition and nutritional needs, but

not related of perception about food safety."

"ABSTRAKPerilaku sulit makan masih menjadi masalah bagi anak usia sekolah sebagai salah satu penyebab gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Salah satu faktor risikonya adalahpenggunaan gadget berlebihan sebagai dampak perkembangan era digital. Desain penelitian cross sectional dengan uji chi square diterapkan untuk menganalisis hubunganintensitas penggunaan gadget dengan perilaku sulit makan pada anak usia sekolah (AUS) terhadap 215 ibu dengan anak usia 6-12 tahun terpilih melalui proportionate stratifiedrandom sampling di SD Negeri 08 Tegal Alur, Jakarta Barat. Kuesioner yang digunakan berupa CEBQ (Childrens Eating Behaviour Questionnaire) untuk mengukur perilakusulit makan dan kuesioner intensitas penggunaan gadget. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, 47,9% anak menunjukkan perilaku sulit makan dan 41,9% anak menggunakan gadgetdalam intensitas tinggi. Selain itu, terbukti adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara intensitas penggunaan gadget dengan perilaku sulit makan pada AUS dimana 58,5% anak yang menggunakan gadget dalam intensitas tinggi menunjukkan perilaku sulit makan (pvalue=0,009). Anak yang menggunakan gadget dalam intensitas tinggi memiliki peluang 2,145 kali lebih besar menyebabkan perilaku sulit makan dibandingkan dengan pengguna gadget dalam intensitas rendah (OR: 2,145, 95% CI: 1,239-18,357). Oleh karena itu, orang tua direkomendasikan berperan aktif dalam memperhatikan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak melalui pengasuhan terkait perilaku makan yang baik danpembatasan intensitas penggunaan gadget.

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ABSTRACTEating difficulties behaviour still becomes a problem of school-aged children as one of causes growth and development disorder. One of its risk factors is the use of gadget excessively as the impact of digital era development. The cross sectional research designwith chi square testing is applied to analyze the relationship between gadget use intensity and the behaviour of eating difficulties for school-age students (AUS) for 215 mothers with children of 6-12 years old being selected by means of proportionate stratifiedrandom sampling at SD Negeri 08 Tegal Alur (State Primary School 08 of Tegal Alur), West Jakarta. The questioner used is in the form of CEBQ (Childrens Eating BehaviourQuestionnaire) to measure eating difficulty behaviour and questioner of gadget use intensity. Based on the research result, 47,9% of children show eating behaviour difficulty and 41.9% of children use gadget in high intensity. Beside that, it is evident that there is a significant relation between gadget use intensity and eating difficulty behaviour of school-aged children where 58.5% of children who use gadget in such a high intensityshows an eating difficulty behaviour (p value=0.009). The children using gadget in such a high intensity has opportunity of 2.145 times bigger of causing eating difficulty behaviour compared to gadget users in low intensity (OR: 2.145. 95% CI: 1.239-18.357). Therefore, parents are recommended to play their active roles in watching childrens growth and development by means of treatment related to a good eating behaviour andlimitation of gadget use intensity."

"[ABSTRAKPerubahan pada lingkungan makanan dapat mempengaruhi pola makan hinggameningkatkan resiko obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplor lingkunganmakanan (paparan promosi makanan dan pemilihan tempat belanja) dalamkaitannya perubahan pola makan perempuan dewasa di area kumuh perkotaan.Studi cross-sectional pada 200 perempuan usia 19-50 tahun telah dilakukan diKelurahan Kampung Melayu. Pola makan di evaluasi dengan Analisis Cluster danAnalisis Factor. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pola makan perempuan dewasa diarea kumuh perkotaan tidak berasodiasi dengan promosi makanan (durasimenonton TV dan frekuensi melihat penawaran spesial), melainkan berasosiasidengan pemilihan tempat belanja

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ABSTRACTFood environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women;Food environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women;Food environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women, Food environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women]"

"Makanan jajanan berfungsi sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi anak saat berada di lingkungan sekolah. Akan tetapi, makanan jajanan juga rentan terhadap kontaminasi patogen penyakit salah satunya yaitu bakteri. Oleh karena itu, melalui penelitian ini peneliti ingin menganalisis kontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli E.coli pada makanan jajanan di Sekolah Dasar SD dengan dihubungkan dengan higiene sanitasi sebagai salahs satu faktor penyebab terjadinya kontaminasi makanan.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2018. Subjek penelitian yaitu 51 penjamah makanan yang berjualan di dalam maupun di luar Sekolah Dasar SD Kecamatan Jatiasih, Bekasi. Pemilihan lokasi penelitian dikarenakan masih tingginya kejadian diare dan ditemukan kasus keracuanan makanan jajanan di salah satu Sekolah Dasar SD di Kecamatan Jatiasih, Bekasi. Dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium dengan metode TPC Total Plate Count, sebesar 16 makanan jajanan 31,4 positif terkontaminasi bakteri E.coli.Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi-square terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku higiene perseorangan OR = 4,500 [CI 95 1,20-16.81], sanitasi tempat penyajian makanan OR = 5,146 [95 CI 1,243 ndash; 21,30], dan wadah makanan matang OR = 4,167 [95 CI 1,194 - 14,54]. Dari hasil uji regresi logistik, didapatkan bahwa faktor yang paling dominan terhadap kontaminasi bakteri E.coli pada makanan jajanan adalah faktor sanitasi tempat penyajian makanan OR = 4,932 bersamaan dengan faktor wadah makanan matang OR = 3,980.Disarankan untuk dilakukan peningkatan program kantin sehat di tiap sekolah, pemberian penyuluhan dan pelatihan higiene sanitasi kepada para penjamah makanan, penyediaan fasilitas sanitasi pada tempat penyajian makanan, serta penyediaan apron serta sarung tangan pada penjamah makanan.

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Food snacks has an important role to provide the nutrition for school age children. However, it is vulnerable to be contaminated by pathogens such as bacteria. Food contamination can be caused by several factors, one of them is food hygiene sanitation. Therefore, this study aimed to determine hygiene sanitation factors associated with Escherichia coli E.coli contamination in food snacks which sold at primary school located in Kecamatan Jatiasih, Bekasi.

This study is a croos sectional study that was conducted in Maret April 2018. The subject of this study are 51 food handlers that selling food snacks inside or outside the primary school area. This study uses primary datas by using questionnaire and observation method, moreover contamination of E.coli in food snacks measured by Total Plate Count TPC method.

The result of this study indicates that 16 31,4 food snacks sold around primary schools in Kecamatan Jatiasih, Bekasi are contaminated by E.coli. Furthermore, the result from Chi square test indicates that there are association between personal hygiene OR 4,500 CI 95 1,20 16.81 , sanitation of food stall OR 5,146 95 CI 1,243 ndash 21,30, and food container OR 4,167 95 CI 1,194 14,54.

The result from logistic regression indicates that sanitation of food stall OR 4,93 and food container OR 3,98 are the most dominant factors to E.coli contamination in food snacks that sold around primary school in Kecamatan Jatiasih, Bekasi.

Suggested for the stakeholders to improve the ldquo kantin sehat rdquo program in every school in Bekasi City, give a counselling and training about hygiene sanitation for food handlers, provide sanitation facility, aprons, and gloves for food handlers."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Pola makan yang tidak sehat selama masa kanak-kanak akan berdampak pada risiko penyakit tidak menular (PTM) di kemudian hari. Salah satu indikator awal PTM yang dapat dimodifikasi oleh diet adalah adiponektin. Adiponektin dinilai berhubungan dengan PTM karena perannya dalam proses perjalanan penyakit obesitas, diabetes, inflamasi, aterosklerosis, maupun penyakit kardiovaskular. Data yang terdokumentasi dengan baik mengenai kualitas diet dan hubungannya dengan kadar adiponektin pada populasi anak belum banyak dieksplorasi. Tujuan: Kami mengidentifikasi kualitas makanan umum anak-anak Indonesia dan menilai hubungannya dengan kadar adiponektin serum sebagai penanda awal PTM. Metode: Delapan puluh enam (44 perempuan dan 42 laki-laki) anak usia prasekolah yang merupakan bagian dari subjek penelitian dari studi Kohort Ibu dan Anak di 10 kecamatan di Jakarta Timur dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Data diet didapat dengan mengumpulkan data 24hr food recall berulang selama sehari di hari kerja dan satu hari di akhir pekan, yang kemudian dianalisis lebih lanjut ke dalam perhitungan Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015. Kadar adiponektin serum ditentukan dengan uji Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Analisis regresi linear berganda dilakukan untuk menilai hubungan antara HEI 2015 dan konsentrasi adiponektin serum, dengan penyesuaian terhadap faktor perancu. Hasil: Nilai rata-rata skor HEI 2015 subjek penelitian adalah 33,1 ± 8,2, jauh di bawah skor yang direkomendasikan yaitu ≥ 80. Rata-rata serum adiponektin adalah 10,3 ± 4,1 ug / mL, di mana 11,6% subjek memiliki kadar serum adiponektin di bawah normal. Uji regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa HEI secara signifikan berkaitan dengan serum adiponektin baik sebelum maupun sesudah disesuaikan dengan faktor perancu (β = 0,232; 95% CI = 0,01-0,25; p = 0,03; β = 0,214; 95% CI = 0,03-0,21; p = 0,04). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara HEI dan adiponektin. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan terhadap diet berkualitas tinggi sejak usia dini berperan dalam meningkatkan kadar adiponektin yang sangat penting untuk mengurangi risiko PTM di masa dewasa.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Unhealthy diet during childhood will have a direct effect on risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in later life. One early indicator of NCDs that can be modified by diet is adiponectin. Adiponectin is considered to have association with NCDs because of its role in the course of obesity, diabetes, inflammation, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. Well-documented data regarding the quality of the diet and its relationship to adiponectin levels in the pediatric population have not been explored extensively. Objective: We identified the diet quality of Indonesian children and assessed its relationship to serum adiponectin level as the early markers of NCDs. Methods: Eighty-six (44 girls and 42 boys) preschool-aged children from a nested cohort study in 10 sub-districts in East Jakarta were included in this study. Dietary data was gathered by collecting repeated 24-hour recalls for a-day in the weekday and a-day in the weekend, which then further analyzed into HEI 2015 calculation. The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test was used to determine serum adiponectin levels. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the association between HEI 2015 and serum adiponectin concentration, with adjustment for potential confounder. Results: The mean of subjects' HEI 2015 score was 33.1±8.2, below the recommendation score of ≥ 80. The mean serum adiponectin was 10.3±4.1 ug/mL, in which 11.6% has serum adiponectin level below normal. Multiple linear regression test showed that HEI was significantly correlated with adiponectin serum either before or after adjusted with confounders (β=0.232; 95% CI=0.01-0.25; p=0.03; β=0.214; 95% CI=0.03-0.21; p=0.04), respectively. Conclusion: There is an association between HEI and adiponectin. This result suggests that adherence to a high-quality diet from an early age is crucial to reduce the risk of Indonesian children experiencing NCD as adults."