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"Anemia merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menjadi masalah di masyarakat perkotaan. Anemia bukan suatu diagnosis melainkan suatu cerminan perubahan patofisiologi dasar yang diuraikan melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Perawat berperan penting dalam pemberian edukasi untuk mencegah rehospitalisasi. Karya ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan anemia. Salah satu intervensi yang diberikan yaitu edukasi. Edukasi yang diberikan kepada pasien berupa penjelasan tentang anemia dan anjuran diet. Hasilnya, pasien mampu mengenal masalah, memutuskan perawatan, dan bersedia melanjutkan perawatan. Dengan demikian, edukasi dan evaluasi berkelanjutan perlu dilakukan oleh perawat untuk mencegah rehospitalisasi.

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Anemia a one of diseases that commonly occurs in urban society. Anemia is not a diagnosis but a reflection of basic pathophysiological changes described through a history taking, physical examination, and laboratory examinations. Nurses play an important role in the provision of education to prevent re-hospitalization. This paper aimed to provide an overview of nursing care in patients with anemia. One of the interventions given was an education related to anemia including diet. As a result, the patient was able to recognize the problem, determined treatment, and was willing to continue treatment. It is recommended that patient education and continuous evaluation must be carried out by nurses to reduce the rehospitalization."

"Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang ditandai dengan gejala hiperglikemia akibat defisiensi insulin maupun resitensi insulin. Kejadinnya terus meningkat terutama di perkotaan yang disebabkan karena adanya perubahan gaya hidup seperti pola makan tidak sehat, kurang aktivitas, merokok, konsumsi alkohol, dan stress. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis asuhan keperawatan pada pasien diabetes melitus. Salah satu intervensi yang diberikan yaitu senam kaki diabetes. Intervensi senam kaki diabetes dilakukan selama lima hari, pasien menunjukkan merasa lebih nyaman dan sensitivitas kaki meningkat. Dengan demikian, senam kaki diabetes perlu dilakukan pada pasien diabetes melitus baik di rumah sakit maupun di rumah untuk mengurangi risiko komplikasi ulkus kaki diabetik.

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Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistant. The incidence of diabetes mellitus rapidly increase through years, especially in urban areas due to the change in lifestyle such as unhealthy diet, less activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and stress. This paper aimed to analyze the result of foot exercise intervention in diabetes mellitus patient. Foot exercise was given for five days. The result showed an increase foot sensitivity and patient felt more comfortable. Therefore, diabetic foot exercise must be done by diabetic patients either in the hospital or at home to reduce the risk of ulcus diabetic foot."

"Sirosis hepatis adalah gangguan fungsi hati tahap akhir dengan angka kejadian nasional yang cukup tinggi. Praktik profesi dilakukan di ruang perawatan umum 6 RSPAD Gatot Soebroto pada pasien Tn B dengan sirosis hepatis pada tanggal 15 Mei hingga 28 Mei 2013. Masalah keperawatan pasien adalah pola napas tidak efektif, kelebihan volum cairan, dan ketidakseimbangan nutrisi kurang dari kebutuhan tubuh. Intervensi keperawatan yang telah dilakukan adalah teknik napas dalam, monitor berat badan, diet putih telur, dan diet nutrisi tinggi kalori dan protein. Masalah keperawatan pola napas tidak efektif dan ketidakseimbangan nutrisi kurang dari kebutuhan teratasi, sedangkan kelebihan volum cairan teratasi sebagian.

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Cirrhosis hepatic is the end stage liver disorder that has high enough incident in national. Profession practice was done in the patient Mr B with cirrhosis hepatic in the general care room 6th RSPAD Gatot Soebroto during May 15 until May 28, 2013. The nursing problems were breathing pattern ineffective, fluid overload, and imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirement. The nursing interventions were done were pursed lip breathing, weight monitoring, egg white and high calori-protein diet. The nursing problems: breathing pattern ineffective and imbalanced nutrition less than body requirement were solved, but the fluid overload was solved a part."

"Kehamilan merupakan proses alami yang terjadi pada seorang wanita. Pengalaman ini akan dihadapi oleh seorang ibu, perlu persiapan yang maksimal baik secara mental maupun fisik sehingga dapat meminimalkan kondisi yang abnormal. Kehamilan yang terjadi pada seorang ibu akan mempengaruhi kondisi fisiologis maupun psikososial, sehingga ibu hamil akan menlalui proses adaptasi, salah satu yang perlu diperhatikan yakni nutrisi yang baik untuk ibu dan janin. Selain itu, perubahan fisiologis pada ibu hamil terjadi peningkatan volume darah yang lebih cepat dari pembentukan sel darah merah. Apabila tidak diimbangi dengan konsumsi nutrisi yang cukup dapat menimbulkan anemia. Anemia merupakan suatu keadaan kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) darah yang lebih rendah dari kadar normal sesuai umur dan jenis kelamin. Sebagai akibat dari ketidakmampuan jaringan membentuk sel darah merah guna mempertahankan kadar hemoglobin pada tingkat normal. Seseorang wanita hamil yang memiliki Hb kurang dari 10g/dl barulah disebut anemia dalam kehamilan. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalah dengan pemberian jus bayam dan tomat yang mengandung kaya zat besi dan vitamin C. Intervensi ini dilakukan selama 7 hari. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa klien mengalami peningkatan kadar hemoglobin sebesar 9,4 g/dl.

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Pregnancy is a natural process that occurs in a woman. This experience will be faced by a mother, it needs maximum preparation both mentally and physically so as to minimize abnormal conditions. Pregnancy that occurs in a mother will affect physiological and psychosocial conditions, so that pregnant women will go through a process of adaptation, one of which needs to be considered is good nutrition for the mother and fetus. In addition, physiological changes in pregnant women include an increase in blood volume that is faster than the formation of red blood cells. If it is not balanced with adequate nutritional consumption, it can cause anemia. Anemia is a condition of blood hemoglobin (Hb) levels that are lower than normal levels according to age and gender. As a result of the inability of tissues to form red blood cells to maintain hemoglobin levels at normal levels. A pregnant woman who has an Hb of less than 10g/dl is then called anemia in pregnancy. The intervention was carried out by giving spinach and tomato juice containing rich iron and vitamin C. This intervention was carried out for 7 days. The results showed that the client had an increase in hemoglobin levels of 9.4 g/dl."

"Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama di perkotaan. Mastektomi sebagai tindakan pembedahan kanker payudara, berpotensi menyebabkan penurunan rentang gerak, kekakuan bahu, dan limfedema pada lengan sisi payudara yang mengalami pembedahan, terutama jenis modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Karya ilmiah akhir ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan asuhan keperawatan pasien kanker payudara pasca mastektomi. Latihan rentang gerak pada lengan yang terkena bertujuan untuk meningkatkan rentang gerak dan mencegah kekakuan bahu serta limfedema. Hasil penerapan latihan rentang gerak menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan rentang gerak dan tidak terjadi kekakuan bahu serta limfedema. Perawat perlu mengajarkan latihan rentang gerak lengan pada pasien pasca mastektomi untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien.

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Breast cancer is one of the mayor health problems in urban area. Mastectomy as a treatment of breast cancer potentially cause lymphoedema, decrease range of motion, and shoulder stiffness of the arm was had mastectomy, especially the type of modified radical mastectomy (MRM). This paper was aimed to explore nursing process of patient post mastectomy. Range of motion exercise was aimed to increase range of motion and prevent shoulder stiffness and lymphoedema. Patient showed the increasing of range of motion and shoulder stiffness and lymphoedema did not occur after doing exercise. Based on finding, Nurses have to teach range of motion exercise to patient post mastectomy to increase their quality of life."

"Kanker prostat merupakan penyakit keganasan yang sering menyerang laki-laki di area perkotaan. Faktor resiko yang menyebabkan timbulnya kanker prostat di area perkotaan diantaranya faktor familial, usia, pola makan, dan kadar hormon testosteron. Masalah keperawatan yang menjadi fokus dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah inkontinensia urin. Salah satu intervensi yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi inkontinensia urin yaitu latihan kegel. Tujuan dari penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk menganalisis intervensi latihan kegel pada pasien Adeno CA Prostat untuk meningkatkan kekuatan otot dasar panggul. Secara kognitif pasien dapat memahami dan melakukan latihan kegel, namun belum dapat mengontrol inkontinensia urin karena keterbatasan waktu intervensi. Pemantauan khusus perlu diberikan pada pasien dengan inkontinensia urin selama melakukan latihan kegel untuk meningkatkan kekuatan otot dasar panggul.

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Prostate cancer is the common malignant disease in men that occurs in urban areas. Risk factors which cause prostate cancer in urban areas include the familial factor, age, diet, and testosterone level. The nursing problem which becomes a concern of this paper is urinary incontinence. One of the nursing interventions to overcome urinary incontinence is kegel exercises.

The objective of this paper was to analyze the intervention of kegel exercises in a patient with Adeno CA Prostate to strengthen the pelvic floor muscle. The patient has shown the understanding of how to do the kegel exercise and the purpose of the exercise, yet the patient has not been able to control urinary incontinence due to the limited period of the intervention. Specific monitoring should be given to the patient with urinary incontinence during kegel exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscle."

"[ABSTRAK Tuberkulosis paru merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat perkotaandan penyebab kematian tertinggi di Indonesia. Penulisan karya ilmiah bertujuanuntuk menganalisis asuhan keperawatan pada pasien TB Paru dengan kontekskeperawatan kesehatan masyarakat perkotaan. Asuhan keperawatan diberikansesuai dengan proses keperawatan. Masalah keperawatan utama yang munculadalah bersihan jalan nafas tidak efektif, intoleransi aktifitas dan kurangpengetahuan tentang TB dan pengobatannya. Intervensi yang diberikan adalahmemberikan posisi semipowler, latihan ROM secara aktif, dan intervensi khususpemberian pendidikan kesehatan tentang kepatuhan minum Obat AntiTuberkulosis. Hasil evaluasi dari asuhan keperawatan menunjukkan jalan nafasadekuat, aktivitas mandiri, dan peningkatan pengetahuan klien tentang Obat AntiTuberkulosis. Karya ilmiah ini diharapkan menjadi gambaran bagi perawatmedikal bedah dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan TBparu.ABSTRACT Tuberculosis TB is one of the disease that caused high mortality inIndonesia The aim of this paper is to analyze nursing care on TB patient usingconcept of urban nursing Nursing problem that occur were in effective airwayclearance intolerance activity and inadequate knowledge about TB treatment Nursing interventions that were given semifowler position active ROM andhealth education about TB treatment The result shown improvement on airwayclearance independent activity and better client rsquo s knowledge about tuberculosismedication The outcome of this nursing care can be used to improve the qualityof nursing care for TB patient in the hospital Keyword Adherence TB patient nursing;Tuberculosis TB is one of the disease that caused high mortality inIndonesia The aim of this paper is to analyze nursing care on TB patient usingconcept of urban nursing Nursing problem that occur were in effective airwayclearance intolerance activity and inadequate knowledge about TB treatment Nursing interventions that were given semifowler position active ROM andhealth education about TB treatment The result shown improvement on airwayclearance independent activity and better client rsquo s knowledge about tuberculosismedication The outcome of this nursing care can be used to improve the qualityof nursing care for TB patient in the hospital Keyword Adherence TB patient nursing;Tuberculosis TB is one of the disease that caused high mortality inIndonesia The aim of this paper is to analyze nursing care on TB patient usingconcept of urban nursing Nursing problem that occur were in effective airwayclearance intolerance activity and inadequate knowledge about TB treatment Nursing interventions that were given semifowler position active ROM andhealth education about TB treatment The result shown improvement on airwayclearance independent activity and better client rsquo s knowledge about tuberculosismedication The outcome of this nursing care can be used to improve the qualityof nursing care for TB patient in the hospital Keyword Adherence TB patient nursing;Tuberculosis TB is one of the disease that caused high mortality inIndonesia The aim of this paper is to analyze nursing care on TB patient usingconcept of urban nursing Nursing problem that occur were in effective airwayclearance intolerance activity and inadequate knowledge about TB treatment Nursing interventions that were given semifowler position active ROM andhealth education about TB treatment The result shown improvement on airwayclearance independent activity and better client rsquo s knowledge about tuberculosismedication The outcome of this nursing care can be used to improve the qualityof nursing care for TB patient in the hospital Keyword Adherence TB patient nursing, Tuberculosis TB is one of the disease that caused high mortality inIndonesia The aim of this paper is to analyze nursing care on TB patient usingconcept of urban nursing Nursing problem that occur were in effective airwayclearance intolerance activity and inadequate knowledge about TB treatment Nursing interventions that were given semifowler position active ROM andhealth education about TB treatment The result shown improvement on airwayclearance independent activity and better client rsquo s knowledge about tuberculosismedication The outcome of this nursing care can be used to improve the qualityof nursing care for TB patient in the hospital Keyword Adherence TB patient nursing]"