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"Malformasi anorektal merupakan kelainan kongenital yang meliputi anus, rectum, atau batas di antara keduanya. Kelainan ini mempunyai lubang keluarnya mekonium di tempat lain (fistula) seperti kandung kemih, uretra, atau vagina. Salah satu penatalaksanaan medis pada klien malformasi anorektal adalah Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty (PSARP). Perawat memiliki peranan penting dalam perawatan pada klien post PSARP. Karya ilmiah akhir ners ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran asuhan keperawatan pada anak malformasi anorektal post operasi PSARP dengan intervensi perawatan perianal untuk mengurangi risiko infeksi. Perawatan perianal merupakan intervensi untuk meminimalkan komplikasi yang mungkin muncul pada klien post PSARP. Perawatan perianal telah diaplikasikan pada klien Anak B dengan post PSARP di RSAB Harapan Kita dan menunjukkan hasil yang cukup baik dalam proses penyembuhan luka anoplasty. Karya ilmiah ini merekomendasikan pelatihan perawat mengenai perawatan perianal pada klien post operasi PSARP.

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Anorectal malformations are congenital abnormalities that involve the anus, rectum, or the border between them. This disorder has a meconium outlet in another place (a fistula) such as the bladder, urethra, or vagina. One of the medical management for anorectal malformation patients is Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty (PSARP). Nurses have an important role in the care of post PSARP patients. This final scientific paper aims to provide an overview of nursing care for children with postoperative PSARP anorectal malformations with perianal care interventions to reduce the risk of infection. Perianal care is an intervention to minimize complications that may arise in post PSARP patients. Perianal treatment has been applied to Child B's client with post PSARP at RSAB Harapan Kita and showed good results in the anoplasty wound healing process. This scientific work recommends the training of nurses regarding perianal care in postoperative PSARP pasien patients"

"Hipospadia merupakan kelainan kongenital dimana muara uretra anak tidak berada di ujung penis. Hipospadia dapat dikoreksi dengan operasi. Perawatan paska bedah hipospadia menimbulkan nyeri pada anak. Salah satu intervensi untuk mengurangi nyeri menggunakan tehnik distraksi dengan bermain dan bercerita. Teknik distraksi bermain dan bercerita merupakan salah satu penalaksanaan nyeri non farmakologis. Tindakan perawatan luka pasca operasi pada An. M menimbulkan nyeri pada anak sehingga perlu dilakukan penanganan untuk mengurangi nyeri yang dirasakan. Hasil dari penerapan tehnik distraksi bermain dan bercerita ini selama 3 hari terbukti efektif menurunkan skala nyeri dari 6 menjadi 3 dengan menggunakan skala FLACC.

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Hypospadias is a congenital defect in which the child s urethral opening is not located at the tip of the penis. Hypospadias can be repaired by surgery. Post operative treatment of hypospadias causes pain in children. One of the interventions in reducing pain is by using distraction technique through playing games and telling stories. Distraction technique of playing and story telling is one of non pharmacological pain management. Postoperative wound care on An M causes pain therefore a nursing care is necessary needed to reduce the pain. Results showed that 3 days application of playing and storytelling was effective to reduce the pain scale from 6 to 3 measured by using FLACC scale."

"Kanker merupakan salah satu masalah perkotaan yang mengakibatkan kematian pada anak. Kaheksia sering terjadi pada anak dengan kanker yang mengakibatkan malnutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran asuhan keperawatan pada anak dengan malnutrisi akibat nefroblastoma. Masalah keperawatan yang ditegakkan meliputi ketidakefektifan pola napas, ketidakefektifan perfusi jaringan perifer, ketidakseimbangan nutrisi: kurang dari kebutuhan tubuh, ansietas, dan risiko infeksi. Asuhan keperawatan yang diberikan meliputi pemberian edukasi serta monitoring dan pemberian Formula 100 melalui pemberian enteral dalam meningkatkan status nutrisi yang dinilai melalui indikator lingkar lengan atas LILA. Saran dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan adalah pengkajian status nutrisi pada anak dengan keganasan melalui pengukuran LILA yang tidak dipengaruhi oleh adanya massa tumor.

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Cancer becomes one of the urban issues that can increase morbidity and mortality in children. cachexia is problems that can occur in children with cancer. This research aimed was to describe the implementation of nursing intervention in children with malnutrition. Nursing problem that enforced are ineffective breathing pattern, ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion, imbalanced nutrition less than body requirement, anxiety, and risk for infection.

Nursing intervention includes education, monitoring and administering Formula 100 enteral route administration in improving the nutritional status with mid upper arm circumference MUAC indicator. The recommendation of this research is the assessment of nutritional status in children with cancer tumor solid measurement of MUAC that not influence by tumor mass."

"[ABSTRAKNyeri pembedahan menimbulkan cemas, takut dan perubahan perilaku maladaptif anak. Perlu asuhan keperawatan berkualitas dalam mengatasi nyeri anak. Karya ilmiah akhir bertujuan menggambarkan aplikasi comfort theory Kolcaba dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pasien pasca bedah yang mengalami nyeri. Intervensi ditentukan berdasarkan comfort theory yaitu mengukur skala nyeri, memberikan posisi nyaman, memberikan madu, mengajarkan keluarga manajemen nyeri serta memberikan reinforcement positif keterlibatan keluarga dalam perawatan. Evaluasi hasil menunjukkan aplikasi comfort theory dalam keperawatan perlu ditunjang faktor-faktor lain seperti kondisi pasien, lingkungan dan tim pelayanan kesehatan dalam mencegah dan mengatasi nyeri. Rekomendasi karya ilmiah ini adalah teori keperawatan sebaiknya diaplikasikan dalam asuhan keperawatan.

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ABSTRACTSurgical pain causes anxiety, fear and change in children's behaviours. A good quality of nursing care is needed to overcome children's pain. This scientific paper aimed to illustrate the application of comfort theory Kolcaba in providing nursing care to patients suffered post-surgical pain. Intervention was determined based on comfort theory which included: measure pain scale, provide a comfortable position, offer honey, teach families management of pain, and give positive reinforcement on family involvement during the care. Result's evaluation indicated thet comfort application in nursing theory need to be supported by other factors such as the condition of the patient, the environment and health care team to prevent and overcome pain. This scientific paper recommends the application of nursing theory in providing nursing care., Surgical pain causes anxiety, fear and change in children's behaviours. A good quality of nursing care is needed to overcome children's pain. This scientific paper aimed to illustrate the application of comfort theory Kolcaba in providing nursing care to patients suffered post-surgical pain. Intervention was determined based on comfort theory which included: measure pain scale, provide a comfortable position, offer honey, teach families management of pain, and give positive reinforcement on family involvement during the care. Result's evaluation indicated thet comfort application in nursing theory need to be supported by other factors such as the condition of the patient, the environment and health care team to prevent and overcome pain. This scientific paper recommends the application of nursing theory in providing nursing care.]"

"Anak pasca bedah mengalami peningkatan risiko terpapar mikroorganisme penyebab infeksi. Karya ilmiah akhir ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran aplikasi Model Konservasi Levine pada asuhan keperawatan anak pasca bedah dengan risiko infeksi, pencapaian kompetensi baik sebagai pemberi asuhan, advocator, counselor, educator, colaborator dan agen perubah selama praktik residensi. Terdapat lima kasus kelolaan yang menjadi pembahasan dalam Karya ilmiah akhir ini. Pada lima kasus kelolaan tersebut ditemukan adanya trophicognosis risiko infeksi sampai dengan sepsis. Hipotesis yang diberikan berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip konservasi. Hasil secara umum aplikasi model konservasi Levine kepada lima kasus terpilih adalah baik, sehingga diharapkan seorang ners spesialis keperawatan anak selalu mengembangkan kemampuan dalam meningkatkan kompetensinya.

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Children at increased risk of postoperative exposure to microorganisms that causes them infections. Final Scientific aims to give an overview on the Levine Conservation Model application nursing child with the risk of postoperative infection, the achievement of competency as both a caregiver, advocator, counselor, educator, colaborator and agent of change for practice residency. There are five cases to be managed in the discussions in the Final Scientific Works. In these five cases were found the trophicognosis managed the risk of infection to sepsis. Hypotheses were based on the principles of conservation. The results generally Levine conservation model application to the five cases selected were good, so expect a nurse specialist nursing child always develops the ability to improve their competence. "