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"Anemia is the main micronutrient deficiency problem among adolescent school girls in Indonesia. Anemia due to iron deficiency often coexists with zine deficiency. Iron and zinc have anlagonistic interaction. Therefore, it was appropriate ratio of iron-zinc supplementation. Objective The study was aimed to investigate the different ratios of iron-zinc supplementation Fe: Zn = 2: 1 and Fe: Zn = 4: 1 on improving the iron and zinc status and eventually reduction of the morbidity of anemic adolescent school girls compared to iron supplementation alone. Methodology randomized, double blind community trial was conducted among anemic adolescent school girls (10-12 years old). Selection of subjects was conduted in two steps. Firstly, 238 girls (out of 1358 girls), with hemoglobin concentration level < 115 g/L using Hemocue were recruited and given antihelminthic drug (500 mg mebendazole as a single dose). Secondly, those who had hemoglobin concentration < 120 g/L using Cell Dyn from venous blood one week after deworming (n+133) were enrolled into the study. The 133 subjects were assigned randomly to one of the three groups for daily iron-zinc supplementation for 12 weeks with: Group 1 (n=45): iron (60 mg/day), Group 2 (n=45): iron and zinc (30 mg and 15 mg/day) or group 3 (n=43): iron and zinc (60 mg and 15 mg/day).Supplement intake was supervised at base line, weight and height were measured and the available iron and zinc intake from diet was estimated using a model modified from WHO/FAO and Murphy, based on the data 24-hour Food Recall and Food Frequency Questionnare. Iron (hemoglobin/Hb, serum ferritin/SF, serum transferrin receptor/TfR, zinc protoporphyrin/ZPP, Mean Corpuscular Volume/MCV, Red-cell Distribution Width/RDW, body iron/BI) and zinc (serum zinc/SZ) status and supplementation. Morbidity status of diarrhea and Acule Respiratory Infection (ARI) were recorded weekly. The phagocytes cell and Cell-Mediated Immunity were measured only for 50% of the subjects. Results and Discussion By the end of the supplementation, most indicators of iron status were increased significantly in all subjects both they took iron supplementation with or without zinc, and the proportion of iron deficiency anemia reduced. Iron supplementation alone or iron-zinc improved zinc status. The proportion of zinc deficiency was sinificantly reduced only among subjects who took iron-zinc supplementation with the ratio of Fe: Zn =2: 1. which was significantly lower compared to the other two groups at the end of supplementation. In iron/zinc 2 : 1 group, no subject had iron deficiency anemia and zinc deficiency after 12 weeks of supplementation, which suggested that iron-zinc supplementation with the ration of Fe: Zn = 2 : 1 had reduced both iron deficiency anemia and zinc deficiency. In this study, iron deficiency among anemic school girls was due to insufficiency of iron in red blood cell, and iron or iron-zinc supplementation for 12 weeks had less benefit to increase iron status. The possibility; of hemoglobinopathies such as thalassemia trait affecting adolescent girls in this study should be considered as several studies indicated that the prevalence of tlinlassemia trait among the same population in Indonesia is high. Iron deficiency also occurred at the storage level, which increased and reached the normal value with iron or iron-zinc supplementation. At the end of supplementation, the mean value of most indicators of iron status in all groups did not reach the normal value (such as Hb < 120 g/L, ZPP > 40 umol/mol heme, MCV <2 80 fL, RDW > l4%), perhaps the 12-weeks of iron supplementation was not long enough to fulfill iron for the 120 erythrocyte life cycle. lt seems, that the competition between iron and zinc occurred both at the storage level and the erythrocyte formation, and iron-zinc supplementation with the ratio of Fe: Zn = 2: 1 had minimal interaction as the improvement of both iron and zinc status was higher compared to the other groups. Most anemic adolescent school girls in this study had low available iron and zinc intake from the diet, with low intake of enhancers and high intake of inhibitors, which is not enough to promote either iron or zinc absorption from the supplements. The reduction of the proportion ol' subjects suffering from ARI was the highest among subjects who took either iron alone (3l.1% to 6.7%) compared to those who took iron- zinc supplement with ratio 2: 1 (1 7.3% to l1.l%) or iron-zinc supplement with ratio 4: 1(16.3 % to l4%), indicating that iron alone reduced morbidity status in tenn of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). However, adding zinc to iron supplements with ratio 2: 1 scents to improve the specific immune response of anemic adolescent school girls, as shown that the ratio of CD-4/CD-S was slightly increased among subjects who took iron- zinc supplement with the ratio of Fe: Zn= 2: 1 Conclusions and Recommendations lt was concluded, that both iron deficiency anemia (22%) and zinc deficiency (15.8%) were problems in the study area. Iron deficiency and hemoglobinopathies such as that assemia trait might be the causes of anemia among adolescent school girls. A daily 30 mg iron and 15 mg zinc supplementation among anemic adolescent schools girls for 12 weeks improved iron and zinc status and reduced iron deficiency anemia and zinc deficiency. Iron supplementation alone increased iron status, while adding zinc to iron supplementation protected the adverse effect of iron on decreasing zinc status. The competition between iron and zinc might occur in the role of both nutrients for erythrocytes formation as well-as at storage level, and supplementation with the ratio of Fe: Zn = 2: 1 had minimal interaction on improving bot.h iron and zinc status. As most of the anemic adolescent school girls had inadequate iron and zinc intake from the diet, the deficiencies of other micronutrients such as; vitamin A, folic acid and vitamin B12 should also be considered as the causes of anemia. Combined iron-zinc supplementation with the ratio of Fe: Zn = 2: 1 was appropriate on reducing the risk of anemic adolescent school girls suffering from Acute Respiratory Infection, however the mechanism of both iron and zinc on enhancing immune system could not clearly be shown from the results of this study. It is recommended to establish an iron-zinc supplementation program with ratio of 2: 1 through the existing channel of school health program to alleviate iron de iciency anemia and zinc deficiency 'among adolescent girls. Research cum action prioritized is to explain the contribution of bioavailability iron and zinc intake from the diet including increase the enhancers and minimize the inhibitors to the absorption of iron-zinc supplementation with ratio of Fe: Zn = 2: 1. The possibility of hemoglobinopathies such as thalassemia trait, as the cause of anemia needs further investigations."

"Anemia is the main micronutrient deficiency problem among adolescent school girls in Indonesia. Anemia due to iron deficiency often coexists with zine deficiency. Iron and zinc have anlagonistic interaction. Therefore, it was appropriate ratio of iron-zinc supplementation.ObjectiveThe study was aimed to investigate the different ratios of iron-zinc supplementation Fe: Zn = 2: 1 and Fe: Zn = 4: 1 on improving the iron and zinc status and eventually reduction of the morbidity of anemic adolescent school girls compared to iron supplementation alone.MethodologyA randomized, double blind community trial was conducted among anemic adolescent school girls (10-12 years old). Selection of subjects was conduted in two steps. Firstly, 238 girls (out of 1358 girls), with hemoglobin concentration level < 115 g/L using Hemocue were recruited and given antihelminthic drug (500 mg mebendazole as a single dose). Secondly, those who had hemoglobin concentration < 120 g/L using Cell Dyn from venous blood one week after deworming (n+133) were enrolled into the study.The 133 subjects were assigned randomly to one of the three groups for daily iron-zinc supplementation for 12 weeks with: Group 1 (n=45): iron (60 mg/day), Group 2 (n=45): iron and zinc (30 mg and 15 mg/day) or group 3 (n=43): iron and zinc (60 mg and 15 mg/day).Supplement intake was supervised at base line, weight and height were measured and the available iron and zinc intake from diet was estimated using a model modified from WHO/FAO and Murphy, based on the data 24-hour Food Recall and Food Frequency Questionnare. Iron (hemoglobin/Hb, serum ferritin/SF, serum transferrin receptor/TfR, zinc protoporphyrin/ZPP, Mean Corpuscular Volume/MCV, Red-cell Distribution Width/RDW, body iron/BI) and zinc (serum zinc/SZ) status and supplementation. Morbidity status of diarrhea and Acule Respiratory Infection (ARI) were recorded weekly. The phagocytes cell and Cell-Mediated Immunity were measured only for 50% of the subjects.Results and DiscussionBy the end of the supplementation, most indicators of iron status were increased significantly in all subjects both they took iron supplementation with or without zinc, and the proportion of iron deficiency anemia reduced. Iron supplementation alone or iron-zinc improved zinc status. The proportion of zinc deficiency was sinificantly reduced only among subjects who took iron-zinc supplementation with the ratio of Fe: Zn =2: 1. which was significantly lower compared to the other two groups at the end of supplementation. In iron/zinc 2 : 1 group, no subject had iron deficiency anemia and zinc deficiency after 12 weeks of supplementation, which suggested that iron-zinc supplementation with the ration of Fe: Zn = 2 : 1 had reduced both iron deficiency anemia and zinc deficiency.In this study, iron deficiency among anemic school girls was due to insufficiency of iron in red blood cell, and iron or iron-zinc supplementation for 12 weeks had less benefit to increase iron status. The possibility; of hemoglobinopathies such as thalassemia trait affecting adolescent girls in this study should be considered as several studies indicated that the prevalence of tlinlassemia trait among the same population in Indonesia is high.Iron deficiency also occurred at the storage level, which increased and reached the normal value with iron or iron-zinc supplementation. At the end of supplementation, the mean value of most indicators of iron status in all groups did not reach the normal value (such as Hb < 120 g/L, ZPP > 40 umol/mol heme, MCV <2 80 fL, RDW > l4%), perhaps the 12-weeks of iron supplementation was not long enough to fulfill iron for the 120 erythrocyte life cycle.lt seems, that the competition between iron and zinc occurred both at the storage level and the erythrocyte formation, and iron-zinc supplementation with the ratio of Fe: Zn = 2: 1 had minimal interaction as the improvement of both iron and zinc status was higher compared to the other groups. Most anemic adolescent school girls in this study had low available iron and zinc intake from the diet, with low intake of enhancers and high intake of inhibitors, which is not enough to promote either iron or zinc absorption from the supplements.The reduction of the proportion ol' subjects suffering from ARI was the highest among subjects who took either iron alone (3l.1% to 6.7%) compared to those who took iron- zinc supplement with ratio 2: 1 (1 7.3% to l1.l%) or iron-zinc supplement with ratio 4: 1(16.3 % to l4%), indicating that iron alone reduced morbidity status in tenn of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). However, adding zinc to iron supplements with ratio 2: 1 scents to improve the specific immune response of anemic adolescent school girls, as shown that the ratio of CD-4/CD-S was slightly increased among subjects who took iron-zinc supplement with the ratio of Fe: Zn= 2: 1.Conclusions and Recommendationslt was concluded, that both iron deficiency anemia (22%) and zinc deficiency (15.8%) were problems in the study area. Iron deficiency and hemoglobinopathies such as that assemia trait might be the causes of anemia among adolescent school girls. A daily 30 mg iron and 15 mg zinc supplementation among anemic adolescent schools girls for 12 weeks improved iron and zinc status and reduced iron deficiency anemia and zinc deficiency. Iron supplementation alone increased iron status, while adding zinc to iron supplementation protected the adverse effect of iron on decreasing zinc status.The competition between iron and zinc might occur in the role of both nutrients for erythrocytes formation as well-as at storage level, and supplementation with the ratio of Fe: Zn = 2: 1 had minimal interaction on improving bot.h iron and zinc status. As most of the anemic adolescent school girls had inadequate iron and zinc intake from the diet, the deficiencies of other micronutrients such as; vitamin A, folic acid and vitamin B12 should also be considered as the causes of anemia.Combined iron-zinc supplementation with the ratio of Fe: Zn = 2: 1 was appropriate on reducing the risk of anemic adolescent school girls suffering from Acute Respiratory Infection, however the mechanism of both iron and zinc on enhancing immune system could not clearly be shown from the results of this study.It is recommended to establish an iron-zinc supplementation program with ratio of 2: 1 through the existing channel of school health program to alleviate iron de iciency anemia and zinc deficiency 'among adolescent girls. Research cum action prioritized is to explain the contribution of bioavailability iron and zinc intake from the diet including increase the enhancers and minimize the inhibitors to the absorption of iron-zinc supplementation with ratio of Fe: Zn = 2: 1. The possibility of hemoglobinopathies such as thalassemia trait, as the cause of anemia needs further investigations."

"Indonesia termasuk salah satu negara yang masih berusaha keluar dari persoalan anemia defisiensi zat besi pada remaja putri. Dalam penanggulangannya, berbagai langkah upaya telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah, salah satunya melalui program suplementasi Tablet Fe/TTD (Tablet Tambah Darah). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran kepatuhan dan efek samping yang dirasakan oleh remaja putri di Kota Depok dalam mengonsumsi Tablet Fe yang diberikan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 329 remaja putri yang diperoleh melalui teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner yang disebar saat penelitian. Hasil uji univariat ditemukan bahwa sebagian besar (65.3%) remaja putri patuh dalam mengonsumsi Tablet Fe dan hanya sebagian kecil yang mengalami efek samping dalam mengonsumsi Tablet Fe (27.7%) dengan keluhan yang dirasakan meliputi atas mual, muntah, diare, nyeri pada ulu hati, dan warna BAB menjadi hitam. Dengan begitu, dibutuhkan metode promosi kesehatan yang efektif agar terciptanya kepatuhan dalam mengonsumsi Tablet Fe beserta monitoring rutin untuk meminimalisasi efek samping yang dirasakan oleh remaja putri.

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Indonesia is one of the countries that is still trying to get out of the problem of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls. In dealing with this, the government has taken various steps, one of which is through Iron Tablet supplementation program. This study aims to find out the description of compliance and side effects experienced by adolescent girls in Depok City when consuming the Iron Tablet provided. The research design used in this study was cross-sectional with a research sample of 329 adolescent girls obtained through a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires distributed during the research. The results of the univariate test found that the majority (65.3%) of adolescent girls were compliant in consuming Iron Tablets and only a small percentage experienced side effects when consumingIron Tablets (27.7%) with the side effects felt including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pain in the pit of the stomach, and, the color of the stool turning black. Effective health promotion methods are needed to create compliance in consuming Fe tablets along with regular monitoring to minimize side effects felt by adolescent girls."

"Seiring dengan kemajuan tingkat perawatan kesehatan dan penurunan jumlah kelahiran, maka jumlah penduduk usia lanjutpun akan semakin meningkat. Keadaan ini tidak hanya terjadi di negara-negara industri tapi juga pada negara-negara berkembang. Di wilayah Asia Tenggara proporsi penduduk berumur Iebih dari 60 tahun akan meningkat dari 5 % pada tahun 1950 menjadi 11,25 % pada tahun 2050. Di Indonesia berdasarkan data proyeksi penduduk tahun 1990-2025 dari Badan Pusat Statistik didapatkan peningkatan usia harapan hidup. Pada tahun 1992 usia harapan hidup penduduk Indonesia 62,34 tahun dan pada tahun 1997 menjadi 64,25 tahun, sedangkan pada tahun 2002 diperkirakan dapat mencapai usia 68,23 tahun. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penduduk usia lanjut akan semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Pada tahun 2005-2010 jumlah usia lanjut diperkirakan sekitar 19 juta jiwa atau 8,5 % dari seluruh jumlah penduduk.

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Along with the progress of health care levels and the decrease in the number of births, the number of elderly people will also increase. This situation not only occurs in industrialized countries but also in developing countries. In the Southeast Asian region, the proportion of the population aged 60 years and older will increase from 5% in 1950 to 11.25% in 2050. In Indonesia, based on population projection data for 1990-2025 from the Central Statistics Agency, an increase in life expectancy was obtained. In 1992 the life expectancy of the Indonesian population was 62.34 years and in 1997 it was 64.25 years, while in 2002 it was estimated to reach 68.23 years, thing this shows that the number of elderly population will increase from year to year. In 2005-2010 the number of elderly people was estimated at around 19 million people or 8.5% of the total population."

"Di Indonesia, prevalensi anemia di masyarakat sebesar 14,8%. Anak usia sekolah merupakan salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang memiliki resiko tinggi terkena anemia sehingga dapat berdampak pada kemampuan siswa di sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi anemia dan hubungannya dengan asupan zat besi pada anak usia sekolah (13-18 tahun). Data didapatkan dari 90 subyek yang merupakan santri pondok pesantren menggunakan kuesioner food records untuk mengetahui asupan zat besi dan skrining Hb menggunakan alat ukur Hb digital untuk mengetahui status anemia. Dari penelitian didapatkan prevalensi anemia sebesar 33,33% dan 98,89% subyek dengan asupan zat besi kurang. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Fisher's Exact Test dan didapatkan p=1,00 yang berarti tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara status anemia dengan asupan zat besi.

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In Indonesia, the prevalence of anemia in the community is 14.8%. School-age children is a group of community who are in high risk of anemia which may affect their ability in school. This study uses cross-sectional design to measure the prevalence of anemia and its relation with iron intake in school-age student (13-18 years old). Data were obtained from 90 subjects from an Islamic boarding school using food records questionnaires to measure the iron intake and hemoglobin screening using a digital measuring device to determine the status of anemia. The result shows that the prevalence of anemia was 33,33% while the amount of subject with lack of iron intake was 98,89%. Data were analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test test and obtained p = 1.00, which means there is no significant difference between anemia status and iron intake."

"Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat global yang memiliki dampak besar terhadap kesehatan, sosial dan ekonomi. Prevalensi anemia anak usia 5 – 14 tahun di Indonesia berdasarkan data Riskesdas tahun 2018 yaitu sebesar 26,8% dan pada perempuan usia 15 – 24 tahun sebesar 32,0%. Proporsi anemia remaja putri di Provinsi Jawa Barat masih cukup tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor determinan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri usia 12 – 18 tahun di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan 595 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data yang digunakan adalah Riskesdas 2018. Variabel independen meliputi karakteristik remaja, sosial ekonomi dan lingkungan, status gizi, status KEK dan asupan makanan dan minuman. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda model determinan. Prevalensi anemia remaja putri usia 12 – 18 tahun di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2018 sebesar 26,9%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan anemia remaja putri adalah pendidikan remaja (p value 0,025). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan remaja menjadi faktor dominan pada kejadian anemia remaja putri di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2018. Remaja putri dengan pendidikan ≤SMP/ Sederajat memiliki peluang 1,63 kali lebih rendah untuk mengalami anemia dibandingkan remaja putri dengan pendidikan > SMP/ Sederajat.

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Anemia is one of the global public health problems that has a major impact on health, social and economic. The prevalence of anemia among children aged 5–14 years in Indonesia based on Riskesdas data in 2018 was 26.8% and among women aged 15–24 years was 32.0%. The proportion of anemia among adolescent girls in West Java Province is still quite high. The study aims to determine the determinants of the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls aged 12–18 years in West Java Province. This study used a cross-sectional design with 595 samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data used was Riskesdas 2018. Independent variables included adolescent characteristics, socioeconomic and environmental, nutritional status, SEZ status, and food and beverage intake. Bivariate analysis used the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis used the multiple logistic regression determinant model. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls aged 12-18 years in West Java Province in 2018 was 26.9%. The results of bivariate analysis showed that the variable associated with anemia in adolescent girls was adolescent education (p value 0.025). Multivariate analysis showed that adolescent education was the dominant factor in the incidence of anemia among adolescent girls in West Java Province in 2018. Adolescent girls with education ≤ junior high school / equivalent have a 1.63 times lower chance of experiencing anemia than adolescent girls with education > junior high school / equivalent."

"Prevalensi anemia pada kehamilan di Puskesmas Mojotengah kabupaten Wonosobo masih tinggi yaitu sebesar 87% pada tahun 2011, meskipun suplementasi tablet besi sudah dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan cakupan asupan tablet besi dan absorbsi zat besi dengan kejadian anemia pada kehamilan di Puskesmas Mojotengah kabupaten Wonosobo tahun 2012. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi cross sectional pada bulan April ? Mei 2012. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara incidental, jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 88 orang ibu hamil trimester II dan III. Hasil penelitian menunjukan persentase kejadian anemia pada kehamilan sebesar 87.5%. Variabel yang diteliti adalah cakupan asupan tablet besi cukup sebesar, keteraturan minum tablet besi, minuman penyerta konsumsi tablet besi, suplemen penyerta konsumsi tablet besi, frekuensi minum teh sehari, jenis buah yang sering dikonsumsi, jenis sayur yang sering dikonsumsi, jenis lauk yang sering dikonsumsi. Dari hasil analisis dari semua variable yang diteliti ditemukan tidak ada hubungan dengan kejadia anemia pada kehamilan. Namun untuk variable cakupan asupan tablet besi yang dikategorikan kurang memiliki kecenderungan lebih besar untuk mengalami anemia pada kehamilan yaitu 3.9 kali. Memperluas sasaran penyuluhan tidak hanya ibu hamil akan tetapi WUS (Wanita Usia Subur) juga sangat penting untuk menjadi sasaran penyuluhan pencegahan dan penanganan anemia pada kehamilan.

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The prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in the district health center Mojotengah Wonosobo still high at 87% in 2011, despite iron supplementation tablets have been implemented. This study aims to determine the relationship coverage of iron tablet intake and absorption of iron by the incidence of anemia in pregnancy at the Health Center Mojotengah Wonosobo district in 2012. The research was conducted with a cross bulkhead study in April-May 2012. Sampling was done by way of incidental, number of samples taken as many as 88 people trimester pregnant II and III.

The results showed the percentage incidence of anemia in pregnancy by 87.5%. The variables studied were coverage sufficient intake of iron tablets, order taking iron tablets, drinks accompanying the consumption of iron tablets, iron tablets supplements accompanying consumption, frequency of drinking tea a day, which is often consumed fruits, vegetables frequently consumed species, type of dish that is often consumed.

From the analysis of all variables under study found no association with Genesis anemia in pregnancy. But for variable coverage of iron tablet intake is categorized as less have a greater tendency to develop anemia in pregnancy is 3.9 times. Expanding the target extension is not only pregnant women but the WUS (women of childbearing age) is also very important to target prevention counseling and treatment of anemia in pregnancy."

"ABSTRACTA study of 60 infants and children from 6 to 18 months of age, the relationship of iron status to psychomotor development was assessed. Their iron status was diagnosed based on hemoglobin and serum ferritin level. While their psychomotor development was assessed using the motor scale of Bayley Scale Infant Development test. Nineteen infants were normal, 6 were non anemic iron deficient, and 35 were anemic iron deficient. Anemic iron deficient infants/children had significantly lower psychomotor development indices than did the normal or non anemic iron deficient group. Normal and non anemic iron deficient infants/children performed comparably. The study concluded that there was a relationship between iron status and psychomotor development of infants/children 6-18 months of age, the normal group had the highest and the anemic the lowest PDI scores, also that home environment is an important i nf1uenci ng factor. Di etary i ron i ntake seemed to be the mai n causal factor in the occurance of anemia among infants/children. Further investigation using a better controlled method/study design was suggested to scrutinize the influence of iron status on psychomotor development of infants/children."

"Kebanyakan dari infeksi Ascaris lumbricoides sebagai bagian dari infeksi geohelminthes terjadi di Negara berkembang Seringkali hal ini menjadi penyebab terjadinya anemia kurang nutrisi dan terhambat pertumbuhan pada manusia Anak anak yang tinggal di daerah endemik menjadi rentan terhadap kondisi tersebut sebagai target utama dari infeksi geohelminthes Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara infeksi A lumbricoides dan anemia pada anak anak sekolah di Nangapanda. Penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Nangapanda Kabupaten Ende Nusa Tenggara Timur Sebanyak 262 anak berusia di bawah 18 tahun berpartisipasi pada penelitian ini Data personal anak dari tingkat SD dan SMP di Nangapanda diperoleh dengan mengisi kuesioner Sebanyak 262 sampel darah dan tinja dikumpulkan Adanya infeksi cacing ditentukan dengan metoda RT PCR dan status anemia diperiksa melalui darah Informasi yang didapat lalu dievaluasi dengan metode Chi square Fisher rsquo s exact test dan Logistic regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi A lumbricoides adalah 4 2 dan prevalensi anemia 9 9 Uji statistik chi square menunjukkan bahwa infeksi A lumbricoides tidak cukup signifikan untuk menyebabkan anemia p 0 084. Kesimpulannya Tidak ada korelasi antara infeksi A lumbricoides dan anemia pada anak sekolah di desa Nangapanda kabupaten Ende Nusa Tenggara Timur.

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Most Ascaris lumbricoides infections, as part of geohelminth infections, happen in the developing country. Frequently, this infection becomes the source of anemia, under-nutrition, and halted growth in human. Schood-aged children, as the main host of geohelminth infections, becomes vulnerable to the infection, especially those living in endemic area of geohelminth infections. This research describes the correlation between anemia and A. lumbricoides infection in school-aged children of Nangapanda.

The research was conducted in Nangapanda, Ende, Nusatenggara Timur. Approximately 262 children under 18 years old participated. Personal data was collected through questionnaire to students of elementary school and junior high school. Around 185 blood and stool sample were then collected to be further analyzed by using 262 analysis and RT PCR to find the helminth infection and anemia status, respectively. The whole information was then evaluated by using Chi-square method, Fisher?s exact test, and Logistic regression.

Result shows that A. lumbricoides infected around 4.2% and anemia prevalence is about 9.9%. Neverhteless, chi square study analysis shows that the result of A. lumbricoides infections can not significantly result in anemia (p=0.084).

In conclusion, there is no correlation between A. lumbricoides infection and school children in Nangapanda, Ende district, Nusa Tenggara Timur."

"Anemia adalah keadaan di mana kadar hemoglobin lebih rendah dari normal. Puskesmas Pagerbarang merupakan Puskesmas dengan anemia ibu hamil tertinggi di Kabupaten Tegal. Metode penelitian Cross Sectional. Proses pengumpulan data Mei?Juni 2014. Sampel 164 orang.Hasil analisis memperlihatkan kejadian anemia (33,5%) dan yang mempunyai hubungan dengan anemia:pendidikan (OR = 2,35), keberdayaan perempuan (OR = 3,03), pengeluaran (OR = 3,98), pekerjaan suami (OR = 2,42), status gizi (OR = 10,46), infeksi/penyakit kronik (OR = 3,35), umur (OR = 3,15), paritas (OR = 3,29), pemeriksaan kehamilan (OR = 2,52), konsumsi fe (OR = 2,6), dan lokasi pelayanan kesehatan (OR = 3,29).

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Anemia is a condition in which the hemoglobin levelis lower than normal. Pagerbarang health centeris a Health Center with the highest maternal anemia in Tegal regency. Methods Cross-sectional study. The process of data collection from May to June2014. Samples 164 people. The results of the analysis showed the incidence of anemia(33.5%) and having a relationship with anemia: education (OR =2.35), the empowerment of women (OR =3.03), spending(OR =3.98), husband's work (OR =2.42), nutritional status (OR =10.46), infectious/chronic disease (OR =3.35), age (OR =3.15), parity (OR =3.29), prenatal care (OR =2.52), fe consumption (OR =2.6), and the location of health services (OR =3.29)."