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"Il volume intende illustrare come in questo panorama complesso si inseriscano anche gli aspetti legati al movimento e all’azione. Considerando alcune delle più diffuse patologie neurologiche che comportano disturbi e alterazioni del movimento, si analizzano gli aspetti riabilitativi del canale motorio, essenziali per la cura, la prevenzione e la partecipazione di ciascuno di noi a tutti gli aspetti della vita quotidiana, secondo il concetto di salute definito dall’OMS."

"Latar BelakangPandemi COVID-19 telah dinyatakan berakhir oleh World Health Organization sehingga anak- anak dengan gangguan neurologis dan neurodevelopmental perlu untuk beradaptasi kembali. Oleh karena itu, penelitian mengenai adaptasi pascapandemi terkait layanan kesehatan, perkembangan masalah medis anak, hubungan anak dengan keluarga dan teman, perilaku anak, dan masalah yang dihadapi oleh orang tua, pengasuh, dan keluarga dalam penanganan anak perlu dilakukan untuk merancang intervensi dan kebijakan yang mendukung mereka dalam menghadapi situasi serupa di masa depan.MetodePenelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada orang tua atau pengasuh pasien Poliklinik Neurologi Anak RSCM Kiara pada Oktober-November 2023 dengan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner yang berisi 48 pertanyaan untuk mengetahui adaptasi pascapandemi COVID-19 terhadap anak-anak dengan gangguan neurologis dan neurodevelopmental. Data disajikan dalam N dan persentase serta rerata dan standar deviasi (jika terdistribusi normal) atau median dan nilai minimum-maksimum (jika tidak terdistribusi normal).HasilJumlah subjek yang terlibat adalah 125 orang, yang didominasi oleh ibu (85,6%), dengan median (min-maks) usia anak 7 (2-17) tahun, dan diagnosis anak didominasi oleh epilepsi (58,3%). Setelah pandemi, sebanyak 54,4% responden mengalami kesulitan layanan kesehatan dalam aspek waktu tunggu rawat jalan dan 56,8% melaporkan adanya perbaikan dalam masalah medis. Mayoritas hubungan anak dengan keluarga adalah baik ketika sebelum dan selama pandemi (48,8%) serta setelah pandemi (49,6%). Terkait hubungan anak dengan teman, selama pandemi, hampir separuh anak tidak melakukan kontak dengan teman-teman mereka (44,8%), tetapi sekarang, mayoritas anak telah kembali bermain secara langsung (62,4%). Terkait perubahan perilaku pascapandemi, sebanyak 43,2% melaporkan relatif sama saja. Sementara terkait masalah yang dihadapi oleh orang tua, pengasuh, dan keluarga dalam penanganan anak, 40,8% menyatakan bahwa tidak ada kesulitan dalam menangani anak-anak mereka setelah pandemi. KesimpulanAdaptasi pascapandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak pada layanan kesehatan, perkembangan medis anak, perubahan perilaku, dan hubungan dengan teman terhadap anak-anak dengan gangguan neurologis dan neurodevelopmental, meskipun sebagian besar hubungan keluarga tetap baik, dan sebagian besar orang tua melaporkan tidak adanya perubahan signifikan dalam situasi kerja atau tidak ada kesulitan yang dihadapi dalam menangani anak.

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Introduction

The World Health Organization has declared the COVID-19 pandemic over, so children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders need to adapt again. Therefore, research on post- pandemic adaptation related to health services, the development of children's medical problems, children's relationships with family and friends, children's behavior, and problems faced by parents, caregivers, and families in treating children needs to be carried out to design interventions and policies that support them in facing similar situations in the future.

Method

This research is a cross-sectional study on parents or caregivers of patients at the Children's Neurology Polyclinic RSCM Kiara in October-November 2023 with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire containing 48 questions to determine post-COVID-19 pandemic adaptation for children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. Data are presented in N and percentage as well as mean and standard deviation (if normally distributed) or median and minimum-maximum values (if not normally distributed).

Results

The number of subjects involved was 125 people, dominated by mothers (85,6%), with a median (min-max) child age of 7 (2-17) years, and the child's diagnosis was dominated by epilepsy (58,3%). After the pandemic, 54,4% of respondents experienced health service difficulties regarding outpatient waiting times, and 56,8% reported improvements in medical problems. Most children's relationships with their families were good before and during the pandemic (48,8%) and after (49,6%). Regarding children's relationships with friends, during the pandemic, almost half of children had no contact with their friends (44,8%), but now, most children have returned to playing in person (62,4%). Regarding changes in post-pandemic behavior, 43,2% reported that it was relatively the same. Meanwhile, regarding the problems parents, caregivers, and families faced in handling children, 40,8% stated there were no difficulties managing their children after the pandemic.

Conclusion

Post-pandemic COVID-19 adaptation has had an impact on health services, children's medical development, changes in behavior, and relationships with friends for children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders; although most family relationships remain good, and most parents report no significant differences in a work situation, or there are no difficulties faced in dealing with children."

"Latar Belakang: Adenoma hipofisis adalah kumpulan dari berbagai jenis tumor yang ditemukan di kelenjar hipofisis, yang dapat menyebabkan kompresi nervus optikus, sehingga menyebabkan penurunan tajam penglihatan dan lapang penglihatan akibat efek penekanan massa tumor. Tindakan operasi transfenoid pada adenoma hipofisis bertujuan untuk menegakkan diagnosis dan dekompresi massa tumor dengan harapan memperbaiki atau mempertahankan fungsi nervus optikus. Tujuan: Menilai luaran fungsi penglihatan (tajam penglihatan dan lapang penglihatan) pada pasien adenoma hipofisis serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi luaran tersebut. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang terhadap pasien-pasien adenoma hipofisis yang telah dioperasi transfenoid dari tahun 2012-2014. Fungsi penglihatan pasien (visus, visual impairment scale, dan lapang penglihatan) sebelum dan sesudah operasi transfenoid diambil dari rekam medik pasien. Hasil: Sebanyak delapan sampel (57,1%) mengalami perbaikan dan enam pasien (42,9%) tidak mengalami perbaikan nilai visual impairment scale (VIS). Sebanyak delapan sampel (57,1%) mengalami perbaikan dan sebanyak enam pasien (42,9%) tidak mengalami perbaikan visus. Setelah dilakukan tindakan pembedahan untuk mengangkat adenoma hipofisis dengan pendekatan transfenoid, sebagian besar pasien (57,1%) mengalami perbaikan fungsi penglihatan baik dengan metode pemeriksaan visus maupun VIS. Usia, jenis kelamin, waktu onset sampai berobat, waktu berobat sampai operasi, waktu onset sampai operasi, atau volume operasi tidak berhubungan dengan luaran fungsi penglihatan pasien. Kesimpulan: Operasi transfenoid pada adenoma hipofisis dapat memberikan perbaikan fungsi penglihatan pada sebagian besar pasien adenoma hipofisis.

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Background: Pituitary adenoma is a collection of various type tumors found in the pituitary gland, which can lead to compression of the optic nerve, causing a decrease in visual acuity and field of vision due to the suppressive effect of the tumor mass. Transphenoidal surgery on pituitary adenoma aims to diagnose and decompression of the tumor mass in order to improve or preserve optic nerve function.

Purpose: Evaluate the visual function outcomes (visual acuity and field of vision) in patients with pituitary adenoma and the factors that influence these outcomes.

Method: A cross-sectional study on patients who had transphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenoma from 2012 - 2014. The patient’s visual functions (visual acuity, visual impairment scale, and field of vision) were evaluated before and after transphenoidal surgery. The data were taken from the patient’s medical record.

Result: A total of eight patients (57.1%) showed improvement and six patients (42.9%) didn’t show improvement of visual impairment scale (VIS). A total of eight pstients (57.1%) showed improvement, and as many as six patients (42.9%) did not show vision improvement. After transphenoidal surgery, most patients (57.1%) had improved their visual functions not only by Snellen chart visual acuity test, but also by VIS score. Age, gender, time of onset to treatment, treatment time until surgery, time of onset to surgery, tumor volume before surgery were not related to the patient's visual function outcomes.

Conclusion: Transphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenoma can provide visual function improvement in most patients with pituitary adenoma."

"Prendo la penna sul tavolo. Il mio sistema motorio si attiva. Osservo il mio bambino compiere lo stesso atto motorio. Nonostante stia solo osservando mio figlio, il mio sistema motorio rientra in gioco. La scoperta che la sola osservazione dell’azione attivi una serie di neuroni nel nostro cervello è stata recentemente dimostrata da un gruppo di neuroscienziati italiani coordinato da Giacomo Rizzolatti. Questo nuovo sapere ha rivoluzionato il modo di concepire il sistema motorio, stimolando la ricerca clinica, promovendo strategie di intervento terapeutico che si fondano sull’osservazione e sull’immaginazione dell’azione, e gettando le basi per migliorare la didattica sportiva.Neuroscienze dell’attività motoria si rivolge a studenti di scienze motorie e a tutti gli operatori nel campo delle discipline motorie, sportive e riabilitative, con la finalità di raccontare il “nuovo sistema motorio” e chiarire come l’attività motoria non sia un semplice movimento governato dai muscoli ma il risultato dell’interazione di più processi neurali."

"Latar Belakang : lnstabilitas postural I jatuh adalah ketidakmampuan untuk mempertahankan pusat kekuatan anti gravitasi pada dasar penyanggah tubuh (misalnya, kaki saat berdiri), atau memberi respon secara cepat pada setiap perpindahan posisi atan keadaan staffs. Prevalensi instabilitas postural di AS 30% dari penduduk usia lebih 60 tahun pernah jatuh, di RSCM tahun 2003 sebesar 23,3%. Faktor risiko yang melatar belakangi terjadinya jatuh adalah faktor ekstrinsik an faktor intrinsik. Faktor intrinsik terbagi dua sistemik (pneumonia, hipatensi ortostatik, hiponatremi, gagal jantung, infeksi saluran kemih) dan lokal (OA servikal, OA gem, Benign paroxiysmalpositional vertigo (BPPV), gangguan penglihatan, gangguan pendengaran, kelemahan otot tungkai bawah). Jatuh memiliki penyulit yang cukup serius, mulai dari cedera ringan sampai fraktur femur. Dengan mengetahui faktor risiko jatuh sedini mungkin, maka kita dapat mencegah terjadinya jatuh dan penyulitnya.Tujuan : mengetahui sebaran faktor intrinsik lokal serta hubungannya dengan instabilitas postural I jatuh.Metodologi : Studi potong lintang dengan basal-sampel 97 orang usia Lanjut yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Waktu : Januari-Juni 2005 di Divisi Geriatri RSCM. Tingkat instabilitas diukur dengan posturografri.Hasil : Dari penelitian ini didapat hasil prevalensi instabilitas postural sebesar 64.9%. Prevalensi perempuan 52,3% dan laki-laki 47,7%. Menurut kelompok umur prevalensi tertinggi pada umur > 80 taken sebesar 75,0%. Pada analisa bivariat osteoariritis servikal merupakan faktor intrinsik lokal yang mempunyai hubungan bermakna terhadap kejadian instabilitas postural dengan OR 3,28 (1K 95% 1,25-8,63) p= 0,02 dan pada analisa multivariat dengan inetode backward regresi logistitik didapatkan nilai OR 3,22 (1K 95% 1,18-89,74) p = 0,02. Gangguan pendengaran merupalcan faktor intrinsik lokal yang mernpunyai hubungan bermalma terhadap instabilitas postural pada analisa bivariat dengan nilai OR : 3,95 (1,29-12,11) p= 0,02 dan pads analisa multivariat dengan ailai OR 3,22 (1,18-89,74) pr= 0,02. Osteoartritis genii, BPPV, gangguan penglffiatan dan kelemaban otot tungkai bawah hell m dapat dibuktilcan mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan instabilitas postural pada penelitian ini.Simpulan : Prevalensi instabilitas postural pada penelitian ini sebesar 64,9%. Ganggaan pendengaran dan OA servikal menrpakan faktor instrinsik lokal yang mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna terhadap instabilitas postural. OA genii, BPPV, gangguan penglihatan dan kelemahan otot tungkai bawah belum dapat dibuktikan mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan instabilitas postural pada penelitian ini.

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Backgrounds : Instability/falls is inability to maintain central anti gravity strength of supporting structures of the body (e.g. feet while standing) or to give adequate response to positional changes or static condition Prevalence of postural instability in US reached > 30% in population aged > 60 years old A Study conducted in RSCM by Handayani (2003) found the prevalence as high as 23.3%. -Risk factors that responsible for falls are intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors consist of systemic (pneumonia, orthostatic hypotension, hyponatresmia, heart failure, urinary tract infection) and local factors (cervical OA, knee OA, BPPV, visual impairment, hearing impairment, lower lambs weakness). Falls may have mild complication like mild trauma to serious complications such as femoral fracture. By identifying risk factors of instability/falls earlier, we may prevent falls and its complications.

Objective = to determine intrinsic local factors and its relationship with instability/falls.

Methods : Cross sectional study on 97 elderly patients who fullfled inclusion criteria was conducted in RSCM from January to June 2005 in outpatient clinic, Geriatric Division FKUI 1 RSCM.

Results : From this study we found the prevalence of instability was 64.9%. The prevalence in female (52.3%) was higher than male (47.7%) patience According to age group, the highest prevalence was found in age group of > 80 years (75%). After bivariat analysis, we found cervical OA was intrinsic local factor which bad significant relation with incidence of postural instability with OR 3.28 (CI 95% 1.25-8.63); Bivariat and multivariate analysis of logistic regression using backward method we found OR 3.22 (Cl 95% 1.18-89.74); p= 0.02. Hearing impairment was local intrinsic factor that had significant relation with postural instability after bivariat analysis with OR 3.95 (Cl 95% 1.29-12_ l 1); p= 0.02 and multivariate analysis with OR. 3.22 (Cl 95% 1.18$9.74); p= 0.02. BPPV, knee OA, visual impairment and lower limb weakness had not been proven yet to have significant relation with postural instability in this study.

Conclusion : Prevalence of instability in thus study is 64.9%. Hearing impairment and cervical OA were intrinsic local factors that showed statistically significant relation with postural instability. Knee OA, BPPV, visual impairment, and lower limb weakness had not been proven to have significant relation with instability in this study."

"Praktik klinik lanjut di ruang neurologi untuk memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien gangguan neurologi menggunakan teori keperawatan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan praktik keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian dan melakukan inovasi keperawatan. Masalah keperawatan terbanyak akibat respon perilaku inefektif pada mode adaptasi fisiologis yaitu perfusi jaringan serebral tidak efektif, dan mode fungsi peran yaitu manajemen kesehatan diri tidak efektif. Intervensi keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian yang telah diterapkan yaitu Skrining Malnutrisi menggunakan Mini Nutrional Assesment (MNA) dan Barthel Index (BI) yang dapat mendeteksi risiko kejadian malnutrisi pada pasien gangguan neurologi yang di rawat inap, sehingga dapat mencegah malnutrisi dengan kolaborasi dengan tim gizi. Inovasi keperawatan yaitu Bladder Training dengan menggunakan chart Bladder diary untuk mencegah kejadian infeksi nosokomial dan melatih pasien gangguan neurologi agar dapat berkemih mandiri tanpa bantuan alat. Perawat dapat menerapkan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan skrining malnutrisi untuk mendeteksi awal risiko kejadian malnutrisi serta melakukan kegiatan inovatif dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada gangguan neurologi.

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Advanced clinical practice in neurology ward is conducted to give nursing implementation on patients with neurological system disorder by using Roy’s Adaptation theory, implementing nursing practice based on evidence and implementation of nursing innovation. The most frequent nursing problems that occurred resulted from ineffective behavior response on physical adaptation mode were ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion and role function mode, ineffective self-care management. Nursing intervention based on evidence-based practice on Malnutrition Screening by using Mini Nutritional Assesment (MNA) and Barthel Index (BI) is used to know the risk of malnutrition on patients with neurological in the ward, so we can prevent malnutrition by collaborating with the nutrition team. Nursing innovation with Bladder Training by using Bladder diary is used to prevent infection in hospital and to train patients with neurological system disorder, so that the patients can be autonomous without using any equipment. Nurses can implement Roy’s Adaptation Theory with Malnutrition Screening application to prevent malnutrition, and at the same time it can execute innovation in nursing implementation on patients with neurological system."

"Sistem persarafan manusia adalah sistem khusus yang mengontrol dan mengintegrasi bermacam aktivitas sel tubuh. Gangguan sistem saraf merupakan Global Burden of Disease (GBD) karena dapat menyebabkan kecacatan dan kematian. Praktik Residensi Keperawatan Medikal Bedah merupakan wadah untuk menerapkan peran sebagai Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan gangguan neurologi. Pada asuhan keperawatan pada Stroke iskemik dan gangguan sistem saraf dengan pendekatan Model Adaptasi Roy ditemukan masalah keperawatan akibat perilaku tidak adaptif pada mode fisiologis adalah risiko ketidakefektifan jaringan perfusi serebral, kerusakan mobilitas fisik dan padamode adaptasi psikologis adalah ansietas. Hasil penerapan Evidence Based Nursing (EBN) menunjukkan bahwa minyak lada hitam meningkatkan kemampuan menelan pasien stroke. Hasil penerapan inovasi bladder trainingdapat meningkatkan fungsi berkemih pasien dengan gangguan neurologi.

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Human nervous system is a special system that controls and integrates a variety of body function activity through electrical impulses. Neurological disorder is the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) as it can cause disability and mortality. Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Residency is a chance to apply the role of Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) to provide nursing care to patients with neurological disorders. In nursing care to Ischemic stroke and number of neurological disorder to approach Roy Adaptation Model nursing due to behavioral problems are found to be ineffective at physiological mode is the risk of cerebral perfusion ineffective tissue, impaired pyhsical mobility and the psychological adaptation mode is anxiety. The results of the application of Evidence Based Nursing (EBN) show that black pepper oil improve swallowing ability of stroke patients. The results of the application of innovation bladder training can improve voiding function of patients with neurological disorders."

"Praktik klinik lanjut di ruang neurologi untuk memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien gangguan neurologi menggunakan teori keperawatan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan praktik keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian dan melakukan inovasi keperawatan. Masalah keperawatan terbanyak akibat respon perilaku inefektif pada mode adaptasi fisiologis yaitu perfusi jaringan serebral tidak efektif, mode adaptasi psikologis yaitu ansietas dan berduka, sedangkan mode fungsi peran yaitu manajemen kesehatan diri tidak efektif. Intervensi keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian yang telah diterapkan yaitu Slow-Stoke Back Massage (SSBM) yang dapat meningkatkan relaksasi pada pasien stroke. Inovasi keperawatan yaitu penggunaan pengkajian indeks barthel untuk menegakkan diagnosa keperawatan yang berhubungan dengan ketidakmampuan fungsional. Perawat dapat menerapkan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan SSBM untuk meningkatkan relaksasi serta melakukan kegiatan inovatif dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada gangguan neurologi.

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Advanced clinical practice on patient with neurological system disorder using Roy's Adaptation theory is the implementation of nursing practice based on evidence and implementation of nursing innovation. The most frequent nursing problems occured was ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion caused by ineffective behavior response on physical adaptation mode, and anxiety and grieving from psychological adaptation mode. Ineffective self-care management was the nursing problem from role function mode. Nursing intervention based on evidence based practice on Slow-Stoke Back Massage (SSBM) can improve relaxation on stroke patient. Nursing innovation in this clinical practice was the use of Barthel index assessment to formulate nursing diagnosis that related with functional disability. Nurse can implement Roy’s Adaptation Theory with Slow-Stoke Back Massage (SSBM) application to improve relaxation, and at the same time can execute innovation activities in delivering nursing care on neurological disorder."

"Nyeri punggung bawah acute merupakan keluhan terbanyak kelima di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di Amerika Serikat, dan 30% berkembang menjadi nyeri kronis. Sebesar 60-90% penduduk Amerika Serikat mempunyai keluhan nyeri punggung bawah, dan 50% diantaranya mengeluhkan nyeri yang berulang dalam satu tahun. Nyeri punggung bawah memiliki efek psikologis dan sosial terhadap pasien. Secara ekonomi nyeri punggung bawah ini membebani negara terkait biaya yang harus dikeluarkan dalam penanganan nyeri punggung bawah. Penilaian derajat nyeri penting dilakukan pada setiap pasien dengan keluhan nyeri punggung bawah dan American Pain Society menetapkan menyertakan nyeri sebagai tanda vital kelima dalam pemeriksaan terhadap nyeri punggung bawah sejak tahun 1990. Penilaian terhadap nyeri memberikan informasi yang lebih baik terhadap efek terapi, atau keberhasilan dari terapi nyeri.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil evaluasi derajat nyeri dengan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pada kasus nyeri punggung bagian bawah (low back pain) yang mendapat intervensi nyeri di Departemen Bedah Saraf RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta tahun 2012 -2014. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan desain Cross Sectional Analitik, terhadap data sekunder berupa data rekam medis pasien dengan kasus nyeri punggung bawah yang berkunjung ke poliklinik Bedah Saraf Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta, dalam periode tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2014. Responden dalam penelitian ini berusia 17 tahun ke atas. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat.Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh 57,2% pasien nyeri punggung bawah yang mendapat intervensi nyeri berusia 40 - 59 tahun, dan 52,4% diantaranya berjenis kelamin perempuan. Dari hasil pemeriksaan MRI didapatkan 66,7% dengan gambaran protrusion diskus dengan penekanan. Sebesar 71,4% pasien mendapatkan terapi kombinasi LESI dan MBN dan 95,2% pasien yang mendapatkan intervensi nyeri mengalami perbaikan skala nyeri dan dapat bertahan sampai dengan 1 tahun. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara gambaran MRI dengan prosedur intervensi nyeri dan jenis nyeri, tapi terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis nyeri dengan prosedur intervensi nyeri.

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Acute lower back pain is the fifth most complaints in health care facilities in the United States, and 30% develop into chronic pain. Amounting to 60-90% of the US population has low back pain, and 50% of them complained of recurring pain in one year. Lower back pain has psychological and social effects on patients. Economically lower back pain is related to the state burdening costs to be incurred in the treatment of lower back pain. Assessment of the degree of pain is important in any patient with low back pain and the American Pain Society set to include pain as the fifth vital sign in the examination of lower back pain since 1990. Assessment of pain provide better information to the therapeutic effect, or the success of therapy pain.

This study aims to know the results of the evaluation of the degree of pain with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) in the case of lower back pain (low back pain) who received the intervention of pain in the Department of Neurosurgery Cipto Mangunkusumo in 2012 -2014. The study was conducted using Analytical cross sectional design, due to the secondary data from medical records of patients with low back pain who visited the clinic Neurosurgery Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta, in the period of 2012 to 2014. The respondents in this study aged 17 above. Analysis of data using univariate and bivariate analyzes. From the analysis of the data obtained 57.2% of patients with low back pain who received the intervention pain aged 40-59 years, and 52.4% of them were female.

From the results obtained 66.7% of MRI examinations with a disc protrusion with 71.4% of patients receive combination therapy LESI and MBN and 95.2% of patients who received the pain intervention experienced decreasing scale of pain scale and last up to 1 year. Multivariate analysis showed that there is no significant relationship between MRI image with pain interventional procedures and types of pain, but there is a significant relationship between the type of pain with pain interventional procedures."

"Hernia Nukleus Pulposus (HNP) adalah salah satu penyakit tulang belakang yang paling umum. HNP merupakan keadaan dimana nukleus pulposus keluar menonjol untuk kemudian menekan ke arah kanalis spinalis melalui anulus fibrosus yang robek. HNP paling sering ditemukan di vertebra lumbalis dan hanya sebagian kecil ditemukan di daerah servikal. HNP lumbal paling sering pada daerah L4-L5 atau L5-S1. Dampak dan masalah keperawatan yang muncul pada pasien dengan HNP dapat mengakibatkan gangguan pada fungsi fisilogis, psikologis, dan sosial serta kemandirian dalam berpartipasi dalam aktivitas sehari-hari. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diperlukan suatu pengkajian yang luas dalam menilai perubahan fungsional tersebut. Tujuan penulisan studi kasus ini yaitu menganalisis proses keperawatan pada pasien HNP L5-S1 paskaoperasi mikrodisektomi dengan pendekatan teori adaptasi Roy. Studi ini menggambarkan proses keperawatan secara komprehensif pada pasien HNP L5-S1 paskaoperasi mikrodisektomi. Proses keperawatan berdasarkan teori adaptasi Roy yang telah dilakukan pada pasien dengan HNP menunjukkan bahwa melalui pembentukan perilaku adaptif maka pasien dapat mencapai tujuan pengendalian penyakit dan komplikasinya. Partisipasi aktif pasien selama proses keperawatan membantu mencapai adaptasi secara fisik dan psikologis.

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Hernia Nucleus Pulposus (HNP) is among the most prevalent spinal conditions. HNP is a condition in which the nucleus pulposus protrudes through the torn annulus fibrosus and presses against the spinal canal. The majority of HNP is located in the lumbar vertebrae, while only a small percentage is found in the cervical region. Lumbar HNP is most prevalent in the L4-L5 and L5-S1 regions. Patients with HNP may experience disturbances in their physiological, psychological, and social functions, as well as their independence in participating in daily activities, as a result of the impact and nursing issues they experience. Based on this, a comprehensive evaluation is required to assess these functional changes. The purpose of this case study is to apply Roy's adaptation theory to analyze the nursing process in HNP L5-S1 patients following microdiscectomy surgery. This study describes in detail the nursing process for HNP L5-S1 patients following microdiscectomy surgery. The nursing process based on Roy's adaptation theory that has been implemented with HNP patients demonstrates that the patient can control the disease and its complications through the development of adaptive behavior. Active participation of the patient in the nursing process facilitates physical and psychological adaptation."