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"Klien gangguan jiwa cenderung tidak produktif dan berpenghasilan mempengaruhi stigma sehingga menyebabkan Harga Diri Rendah (HDR) dan isolasi sosial. Klien memerlukan pemulihan jangka panjang, yang dipersulit insight buruk. Tujuan: menjelaskan penerapan Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavior Social Skills Training (CBSST) menggunakan pendekatan Model Adaptasi Roy (MAR) dan Model Tidal. MAR sebagai kerangka utama dan Teori Model Tidal pada proses kontrol koping. Analisis dilakukan pada 32 klien ACT+CBSST, dan 22 klien CBSST. Hasil: ACT+CBSST memperbaiki insight dan meningkatkan keterampilan sosial, perilaku adaptif meningkatkan penurunan tanda gejala HDR kronis dan isolasi sosial. Saran: kombinasi ACT+CBSST pilihan pada awal program pemulihan.

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Clients of mental disorders tend to be non- productive and non-income that affect stigma the impact Low Self-Esteem (LSE) and social isolation. The client required a long-term recovery, which compounded a poor insight.

Objective: explained the application of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavior Social Skills Training (CBSST) by using the approaches of Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) and the Tidal Model. RAM as the main framework and the Tidal Model Theory as coping control process. Analysis was performed on 32 ACT + CBSST clients, and 22 CBSST client.

Results: ACT improved insight and increased social skills, improved adaptive behavior and decreased in signs and symptoms of chronic LSE and social isolation.

Recomendation: the combination of ACT + CBSST choice at the beginning of the recovery program."

"Self-esteem rendah dipengaruhi antara lain oleh distorsi kognitif tentang beberapa hal terkait nilai-nilai budaya dalam keluarga dan pengalaman menyakitkan di masa kanak-kanak. Self-esteem yang rendah berdampak negatif pada keberfungsian individu dalam kehidupannya, salah satunya dalam ranah interaksi sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terjadi peningkatan pada self-esteem remaja perempuan dari keluarga berbudaya patriarki dalam berinteraksi dengan laki-laki sebaya melalui penerapan intervensi berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah seorang remaja perempuan berusia 14 tahun 2 bulan yang memiliki self-esteem rendah dan menampilkan perilaku diam ketika berinteraksi dengan laki-laki sebaya. Sehubungan dengan budaya patriarki di dalam keluarganya, partisipan juga pernah mengalami pelecehan seksual oleh kakak kandung laki-laki ketika ia berusia lima tahun. Partisipan mengalami distorsi kognitif overgeneralization, global labelling dan self-blame. Program intervensi disusun berdasarkan modul Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) oleh Stallard (2019). Intervensi terdiri dari sembilan sesi dengan durasi satu jam per sesi yang dilakukan selama tiga minggu serta dua sesi follow-up. Sesi follow-up pertama dilakukan dua minggu setelah intervensi selesai dan sesi follow-up kedua dilakukan tiga minggu kemudian. Seluruh rangkaian intervensi dilakukan secara daring. Penelitian ini menggunakan single-case design dengan pengukuran dilakukan sebelum intervensi (pre-test), setelah intervensi (post-test) dan saat follow up kedua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah mengikuti intervensi terjadi perubahan pola kognitif partisipan yang menjadi lebih rasional dan berimbang terkait dengan pengalaman dan penerimaan diri, terjadi peningkatan self-esteem, serta perubahan emosi yang lebih positif dan perilaku yang lebih adaptif ketika berinteraksi dengan teman laki-laki sebaya. Self-esteem partisipan diukur dengan Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents (SPPA) masalah perilaku internalizing partisipan diukur menggunakan Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL), dan perubahan pada pemikiran, emosi serta perilakunya dalam berinteraksi dengan laki-laki sebaya diketahui melalui wawancara kualitatif secara daring.

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Low self-esteem could be influenced by cognitive distortions about several things related to cultural values in the family and painful experiences in childhood. Low self-esteem could have negative impact on individuals’ functioning in their lives, such as in their social interaction. The purpose of this study was to enhance self-esteem of female adolescent from family with strong patriarchal values in interacting with her male peers with intervention program using the principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Participant in this study was a teenage girl aged 14 years and 2 months who had low self-esteem and displayed silent behavior when interacting with male peers. In accordance with pathriarchal value in her family, participat also experienced sexual abuse by her brother when she was five years old. This intervention program is based on CBT module by Stallard (2019). The intervention program consisted of nine sessions with one-hour duration, carried out online in three weeks with two follow-up sessions. The first follow-up was conducted two weeks after completion of the intervention and the second follow-up was conducted three weeks later. This study used a single-case design with measurements carried out before the intervention (pre-test), after the intervention (post-test), and during the second follow-up. The results showed that after the intervention, there were changes in participant’s thoughts regarding own’s experience and self-acceptance, enhancement in participant's self-esteem, shifting towards a better state in emotion as well as behavior in interacting with male peers. Participant’s self-esteem was measured by using the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents (SPPA), participant’s internalizing behavior problems was measured by using Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL), and changes in partisipant’s thoughts, emotion and behavior in interacting with male peers were gathered by qualitative interview."

"[Kesehatan merupakan hal yang penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Meskipun lebih sering diasosiasikan dengan kesehatan fisik, kesehatan menurut WHO juga meliputi kesehatan mental dan sosial. Kesehatan mental yang baik perlu dimiliki oleh seorang dewasa muda agar mampu memenuhi tugas-tugas perkembangannya secara optimal. Salah satu faktor yang berhubungan positif dengan kesehatan mental adalah self-esteem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana efektivitas teknik intervensi Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) dalammeningkatkan self-esteemdewasa muda yang memiliki self-esteem negatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain one group before and after study dimana peneliti melihat perubahan pada satu kelompoksebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi. Adapun alat ukur yang digunakan untuk melihat perubahan self-esteem pada partisipan adalah Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) danCoopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Wawancara dan observasi juga dilakukan kepada partisipan untuk memperoleh gambaran masalah terkait self-esteem yang dialami. Dua orang partisipan mengikuti program intervensi yang terdiri dari lima sesi pertemuan hingga selesai. Hasilnya, terdapat peningkatan skor RSES dan CSEI pada kedua partisipan. Secara kualitatif, kedua partisipan juga sudah melaporkan sikapyang lebih positif terhadap dirinya sendiri meskipun masih mengalami perasaanperasaan negatif terkait diri. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik intervensi CBT efektif dalam meningkatkan self-esteem pada dewasa muda dengan self-esteem negatif.

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Health is important in human life. Although more often associated with physical health, according to WHO health also includes mental and social health. Good mental health

needs to be owned by early adults in order to meet their development tasks optimally. One of the factors positively associated with mental health is self-esteem. This study

aims to look the efectivenessof Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to enhance the self-esteem of early adults who have negative self-esteem. The design of this study is one group before and after study in which researchers see changes in the group before and after a given intervention. The measuring instruments used to see changes in the participants' self-esteem are the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Interview and observation was also made to the participants to obtain a picture related to self-esteem problems. Two participants completed the five sessions intervention program. Result shows increased RSES and CSEI scores on both participants. Qualitatively, participants reported a more positive attitude towards themselvesalthough still experiencing negative feelings associated with themselves. This study shows that CBT is effective to enhance self-esteem in early adults with negative self-esteem. Health is important in human life. Although more often associated with physical health, according to WHO health also includes mental and social health. Good mental health needs to be owned by early adults in order to meet their development tasks optimally. One of the factors positively associated with mental health is self-esteem. This study aims to look the efectivenessof Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to enhance the self-esteem of early adults who have negative self-esteem. The design of this study is one group before and after study in which researchers see changes in the group before and after a given intervention. The measuring instruments used to see changes in the participants' self-esteem are the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Interview and observation was also made to the participants to obtain a picture related to self-esteem problems. Two participants

completed the five sessions intervention program. Result shows increased RSES and CSEI scores on both participants. Qualitatively, participants reported a more positive

attitude towards themselvesalthough still experiencing negative feelings associated with themselves. This study shows that CBT is effective to enhance self-esteem in early adults with negative self-esteem., Health is important in human life. Although more often associated with physical health,

according to WHO health also includes mental and social health. Good mental health

needs to be owned by early adults in order to meet their development tasks optimally.

One of the factors positively associated with mental health is self-esteem. This study

aims to look the efectivenessof Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to enhance the

self-esteem of early adults who have negative self-esteem. The design of this study is one

group before and after study in which researchers see changes in the group before and

after a given intervention. The measuring instruments used to see changes in the

participants' self-esteem are the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Coopersmith

Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Interview and observation was also made to the

participants to obtain a picture related to self-esteem problems. Two participants

completed the five sessions intervention program. Result shows increased RSES and

CSEI scores on both participants. Qualitatively, participants reported a more positive

attitude towards themselvesalthough still experiencing negative feelings associated with

themselves. This study shows that CBT is effective to enhance self-esteem in early adults

with negative self-esteem.]"

"[Kesehatan merupakan hal yang penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Meskipun lebih sering diasosiasikan dengan kesehatan fisik, kesehatan menurut WHO juga meliputi kesehatan mental dan sosial. Kesehatan mental yang baik perlu dimiliki oleh seorang dewasa muda agar mampu memenuhi tugas-tugas perkembangannya secara optimal. Salah satu faktor yang berhubungan positif dengan kesehatan mental adalah self-esteem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana efektivitas teknik intervensi Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) dalam meningkatkan self-esteem dewasa muda yang memiliki self-esteem negatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain one group before and after study dimana peneliti melihat perubahan pada satu kelompok sebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi. Adapun alat ukur yang digunakan untuk melihat perubahan self-esteem pada partisipan adalah Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) dan Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Wawancara dan observasi juga dilakukan kepada partisipan untuk memperoleh gambaran masalah terkait self-esteem yang dialami.Dua orang partisipan mengikuti program intervensi yang terdiri dari lima sesi pertemuan hingga selesai. Hasilnya, terdapat peningkatan skor RSES dan CSEI pada kedua partisipan. Secara kualitatif, kedua partisipan juga sudah melaporkan sikap yang lebih positif terhadap dirinya sendiri meskipun masih mengalami perasaan-perasaan negatif terkait diri. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik intervensi CBT efektif dalam meningkatkan self-esteem pada dewasa muda dengan self-esteem negatif.

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Health is important in human life. Although more often associated with physical health, according to WHO health also includes mental and social health. Good mental health needs to be owned by early adults in order to meet their development tasks optimally. One of the factors positively associated with mental health is self-esteem. This study aims to look the efectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to enhance the self-esteem of early adults who have negative self-esteem. The design of this study is one group before and after study in which researchers see changes in the group before and after a given intervention. The measuring instruments used to see changes in the participants' self-esteem are the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Interview and observation was also made to the participants to obtain a picture related to self-esteem problems. Two participants completed the five sessions intervention program. Result shows increased RSES and CSEI scores on both participants. Qualitatively, participants reported a more positive attitude towards themselves although still experiencing negative feelings associated with themselves. This study shows that CBT is effective to enhance self-esteem in early adults with negative self-esteem. Health is important in human life. Although more often associated with physical health, according to WHO health also includes mental and social health. Good mental health needs to be owned by early adults in order to meet their development tasks optimally. One of the factors positively associated with mental health is self-esteem. This study aims to look the efectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to enhance the self-esteem of early adults who have negative self-esteem. The design of this study is one group before and after study in which researchers see changes in the group before and after a given intervention. The measuring instruments used to see changes in the participants' self-esteem are the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Interview and observation was also made to the participants to obtain a picture related to self-esteem problems. Two participants completed the five sessions intervention program. Result shows increased RSES and CSEI scores on both participants. Qualitatively, participants reported a more positive attitude towards themselvesalthough still experiencing negative feelings associated with themselves. This study shows that CBT is effective to enhance self-esteem in early adults with negative self-esteem.

, Health is important in human life. Although more often associated with physical health, according to WHO health also includes mental and social health. Good mental health needs to be owned by early adults in order to meet their development tasks optimally. One of the factors positively associated with mental health is self-esteem. This study aims to look the efectivenessof Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to enhance the self-esteem of early adults who have negative self-esteem. The design of this study is one group before and after study in which researchers see changes in the group before and after a given intervention. The measuring instruments used to see changes in the participants' self-esteem are the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Interview and observation was also made to the participants to obtain a picture related to self-esteem problems. Two participants completed the five sessions intervention program. Result shows increased RSES and CSEI scores on both participants. Qualitatively, participants reported a more positive attitude towards themselvesalthough still experiencing negative feelings associated with themselves. This study shows that CBT is effective to enhance self-esteem in early adults with negative self-esteem.

]"

"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy merupakan terapi yang dikembangkan untuk mengatasi masalah depresi dan ansietas. Terdapat beberapa penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa CBT dapat mengatasi masalah Harga Diri Rendah (HDR) pada pasien gangguan jiwa. Pemberian terapi CBT pada pasien Di ruang Antareja Rumah Sakit dr. H. Marzoeki mahdi Bogor menggunakan pendekatan Stress Adaptation Stuart dan Theory of Human Caring Watson. Terapi diberikan kepada tujuh pasien HDR. Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan instrumen Low Self Esteem Rosenberg dengan penilaian 1 hingga 30 yang bermakna semakin tinggi nilai maka semakin berat HDR yang dirasakan. Hasil pelaksanaan adalah terjadi penurunan gejala HDR dengan rata-rata 7.4 poin. Dampak lainnya adalah meningkatkan kemampuan pasien menjalin hubungan interpersonal, meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir lebih rasional dan memiliki keyakinan positif. CBT menjadi terapi yang efektif untuk mengatasi masalah HDR.

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Cognitive Behaviour Therapy is a therapy that developed to gain depression and anxiety. There is a paucity of empirical study about the effets of CBT for low self esteem in psychiatric patient. This study is to examination ofCBT as teratment to solve low self esteem in psychiatric patient. CBT was give in Antareja setting (N= 7) in dr. H. Marzoeki mahdi hospital Bogor using Stress Adaptation Stuart and Theory of Human Caring Watson Approach. Before and after therapy, all patient was measure by rosenberg low self esteem scale range 1 to 30 mean the more bigger the number, the more heavy the problem. Result showed that participants reported lower sign and symptom of low self esteem, improvement in ability to built interpersonal relationship, ability to thinking rasionally and have a possitive belief. CBT can be usefull as an adjunct for low self esteem."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas program cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) untuk meningkatkan self-esteem pada remaja dari keluarga dengan status sosial ekonomi rendah. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja perempuan usia 11 tahun yang memiliki self-esteem rendah. Self-esteem diukur dengan menggunakan skala Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC) dari Harter (2012). Penelitian ini merupakan single subject design tipe AB yang terdiri atas 12 sesi terhadap subjek dan 2 sesi terhadap orangtua. Berdasarkan pengukuran yang dilakukan melalui SPPC dan kemajuan subjek yang memenuhi indikator pada setiap pertemuan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa CBT efektif untuk meningkatkan self-esteem pada remaja dari keluarga dengan status sosial ekonomi rendah pada seluruh domain, baik global self-esteem maupun specific self-esteem.

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This study conducted to understand the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in increasing self-esteem on adolescent with low socioeconomic status. The participant of the study is a 11 year old adolescent who has low selfesteem. Self-esteem was assessed by the Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC) from Harter (2012), one of the most used measures of global and specific self-esteem. This study was a single subject design type AB that consist of 12 child sessions and 2 parents sessions.

Based on the measurement that has been done using SPPC and progress indicators that meet the subject at each meeting, it can be concluded that the CBT effectively increase global and specific self-esteem on adolescent with low socioeconomic status."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektifitas Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) dalam meningkatkan Self Esteem dewasa muda. Subjek penelitian berjumlah tiga orang, dewasa muda (19-30 tahun), dan memiliki self esteem yang rendah berdasarkan skor Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) dan Coopersmith Self Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan intervensi Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan self esteem pada dewasa muda. Ketiga partisipan menunjukkan peningkatan pada skor RSES dan CSEI pada post-test. Hasil wawancara juga menunjukkan bahwa partisipan merasakan manfaat yang positif dengan mengikuti program intervensi.

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The objective of this research is to test the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) in raising self esteem on young adults. The subjects are three persons, young adult (19-30 years old), and have low self esteem based on Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) and Coopersmith Self Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Result of this research shows that Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) intervention program proved to be effective in raising self esteem on young adults. The post-test indicates that the three subjects had improvement in score for RSES and CSEI. Interview result also shows that the subjects benefited from this intervention program."

"[ABSTRAK Pikiran negative pada klien harga diri rendah kronik menyebabkan klien sulit berpikir jernih dan logis terhadap diri sendiri. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk memberikan gambaran pengaruh penerapan terapi pikiran perilaku dan psikoedukasi keluarga pada klien harga diri rendah kronik. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan teori adaptasi Roy dan model stres dan adaptasi Stuart. Tindakan keperawatan terapi pikiran perilaku diberikan pada 20 klien dimana 15 keluarga klien diberikan psikoedukasi keluarga. Hasil pelaksanaan terapi pikiran perilaku dan psikoedukasi pada klien menunjukan adanya penurunan tanda gejala pada aspek social dan perilaku serta peningkatan kemampuan keluarga dalam pemberian terapi psikofarmaka dan mengunkapkan pikiran negative yang lebih besar dibanding klien dan yang hanya mendapatkan terapi pikiran dan perilaku, Kombinasi terapi pikiran perilaku dan psikoedukasi keluarga dapat dijadikan standar terapi spesialis keperawatan jiwa.ABSTRACT Cognitive distortions in clients with chronic low self-esteem causes the client difficult to think clearly and logically against yourself. The purpose of writing is to provide an overview the effect of applying cognitive behavior therapy and family psychoeducation in clients with chronic low self-esteem. The method used is descriptive analytic approach Roy adaptation theory and models of stress and adaptation Stuart. Nursing actions cognitive behavior therapy given to 20 clients of which 15 families given client family psychoeducation. The results of the implementation of behavioral therapy and psychoeducation thoughts on the client shows signs of a decrease in the symptoms of social and behavioral aspects as well as improving the ability of the family in therapy cognitive distortions psikofarmaka and express larger than the client and is just getting the mind and behavior therapy, combination therapy thoughts and behavior family psychoeducation can be used as standard therapy nursing specialists soul., Cognitive distortions in clients with chronic low self-esteem causes the client difficult to think clearly and logically against yourself. The purpose of writing is to provide an overview the effect of applying cognitive behavior therapy and family psychoeducation in clients with chronic low self-esteem. The method used is descriptive analytic approach Roy adaptation theory and models of stress and adaptation Stuart. Nursing actions cognitive behavior therapy given to 20 clients of which 15 families given client family psychoeducation. The results of the implementation of behavioral therapy and psychoeducation thoughts on the client shows signs of a decrease in the symptoms of social and behavioral aspects as well as improving the ability of the family in therapy cognitive distortions psikofarmaka and express larger than the client and is just getting the mind and behavior therapy, combination therapy thoughts and behavior family psychoeducation can be used as standard therapy nursing specialists soul.]"