Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Current, comprehensive, and designed to maximize clarity of the concepts you need to know, best seller Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, sixth edition delivers its signature quality content in a student-friendly presentation."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kualitas pola makan anak usia sekolah di SDN Pondok Cina 03 Depok dan perbedaan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kualitas pola makan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Kualitas pola makan diukur menggunakan modifikasi the Healthy Eating Index dengan rentang skor 0-100. Pengukuran asupan menggunakan 3x24 Hour Food Recall dan Status Gizi (IMT/U) dengan mengukur berat badan menggunakan timbangan digital dan tinggi badan menggunakan microtoice. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lebih separoh responden (62.55%) memiliki kualitas pola makan kurang (skor HEI 51-80) dan 37.5% memiliki kualitas pola makan buruk (skor HEI <51). Rata-rata kualitas pola makan adalah 51.67±1.04. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada asupan energi, karbohidrat, lemak, lemak jenuh, porsi makanan pokok, lauk hewani, sayur, buah dan susu antar kelompok kualitas pola makan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada jenis kelamin, asupan protein, konsumsi nabati dan status gizi antar kelompok kualitas pola makan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pola makan siswa SDN Pondok Cina berkualitas kurang. Kualitas pola makan dapat diperbaiki dengan meningkatkan konsumsi makanan pokok, lauk hewani, sayur, buah dan susu. Disarankan kepada pihak sekolah untuk mengedukasi, mengawasi dan menyediakan kantin sehat. Kepada pihak orang tua untuk menyediakan makanan dan minuman sehat guna membentuk kualitas pola makan yang sehat.

---

The background of this study is to assess the overall diet quality among students at SDN Pondok Cina 03 Depok and to find the differences in associated factors between its category groups. The design of this study was cross sectional. Diet quality was assessed using the modification of healthy eating index. Dietary data was obtained using 3 days 24 hour food recall and nuritional status was measured by a digital scale and microtoice to get weight and height measurement. The results was more than half of praticipants (62.5%) had diet that “needs improvement” (HEI score 51-80) and others (32.7%) had diet that “poor” (HEI Score <51). The overall mean score of diet quality in this study was 51.67±1.04. Moreover, the overall diet quality catagories were significantly differences in intake of energy, carbohydrate, total fat and saturated fat, and serving size of grains, meat, vegetables, fruits, and milks. On the other hand there were no significant differences in intake of protein and serving size of beans between the groups. In conclusion, overall diet quality among fourth and fifth grade students was found to have diet that “needs improvement”. Increasing intake of grains, vegetables and fruits could improve the quality of overall diet. It is important for the school to monitor, educate, and provide healthy foods and drinks. Also for the parents to provide their children healthy foods and drinks at home so they can achieve the best quality on their overall diet."

"Tesis ini membahas program pemberian makanan tambahan berupa biskuit pabrikan bagi balita gizi kurang (pengukuran perbandingan berat badan menurut panjang atau tinggi badan balita) yang  telah dilakukan Pemerintah Indonesia sejak tahun 2004-2022. Pada praktiknya Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Pemulihan (PMT-P) berupa biskuit pabrikan juga diberikan bagi balita dengan berat badan kurang (pengukuran perbandingan berat badan menurut umur). Perlu adanya analisis untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian makanan tambahan dengan Prevalensi Balita Berat Badan Kurang dan Gizi Kurang di Indonesia Tahun 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dengan desain cross-sectional. Data yang digunakan adalah Data Sekunder Sigizi Terpadu/EPPGBM dari Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Data  tersebut meliputi  jumlah balita penerima PMT-P dan balita dengan berat badan sangat kurang (severely underweight), berat badan kurang (underweight) dan gizi kurang (moderate wasted) seluruh provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  ada hubungan antara pemberian makanan tambahan dengan prevalensi balita berat badan kurang (underweight) nilai P = 0,026 (CI = 0,007-0,101), sangat kurang (severely underweight) nilai P = 0,026 (CI = -0,101 s/d -0,007) dan gizi kurang (moderate wasted) nilai P = 0,021(CI = 0,056-0,650). Seluruh nilai P <0.005 menunjukkan ada hubungan prevalensi balita berat badan kurang dan gizi kurang. Penelitian menyarankan program pemberian makanan tambahan berupa biskuit dilanjutkan diikuti dengan program pendekatan keluarga bagi balita gizi kurang dan adanya penambahan pelaporan faktor determinan kejadian balita gizi kurang di aplikasi EPPGBM.

---

This thesis discusses the supplementary feeding program in the form of manufactured biscuits for malnourished toddlers (measurement of the ratio of body weight according to the length or height of toddlers) that has been carried out by the Government of Indonesia from 2004-2022. In practice, supplementary feeding in the form of manufactured biscuits is also given to toddlers with underweight (a measure of the ratio of body weight to age). An analysis is needed to determine the relationship between supplementary feeding and the Prevalence of Underweight and Malnourished Children in Indonesia in 2022. This research is a quantitative study using secondary data with a cross-sectional design. The data used is Integrated Nutrition Secondary Data / EPPGBM from the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The data includes the number of toddlers receiving PMT-P and severely underweight, underweight and wasted toddlers in all provinces in Indonesia in 2022. The results show that there is a relationship between supplementary feeding and prevalence of underweight toddlers P value = 0.026 (CI = 0.007-0.101), severely underweight P value = 0.026 (CI = -0.101 to -0.007) and moderate wasted P value = 0.021(CI = 0.056-0.650). All P values <0.005 indicated that there was a relationship between the prevalence of underweight and malnutrition. The research suggested that the supplementary feeding program in the form of biscuits be continued followed by a family approach program for undernourished toddlers and additional reporting of the determinants of the incidence of undernourished toddlers in the EPPGM application."

"LATAR BELAKANG: Peningkatan jumlah ibu bekerja secara konsisten dapat berdampak positif meningkatkan status ekonomi rumah tangga, sebaliknya dapat berdampak negatif bagi pola asuh, asupan makanan serta pertumbuhan anak. Studi menganalisis praktik keragaman makanan (dietary diversity) sebagai komponen penting Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) pada anak usia 6-23 bulan khususnya pada tiga tingkatan ibu bekerja: tenaga kerja/buruh tidak terampil, tenaga terlatih, tingkat professional dan ibu tidak bekerja sebagai pembanding. Studi juga menilai hubungan kondisi ibu bekerja dan keragaman makanan dalam menjelaskan mekanisme terjadinya stunting.METODE: Kompilasi Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) serta Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) periode tahun 2002 - 2012 digunakan untuk menganalisis ketepatan praktik konsumsi keragaman pangan pada anak serta determinannya. Sebagai studi kombinasi bertahap (sequential mixed method), hasil kuantitatif diperjelas kajiannya dengan studi kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam kepada ibu dari berbagai tingkatan pekerjaan. HASIL: Anak dengan keragaman makanan tepat yaitu minimum 4 jenis makanan dari usia 6 bulan hanya 18-24%, sedangkan selebihnya terlambat dikenalkan variasi makanan terutama sumber protein hewani. Ibu bekerja pada tingkat terendah (tenaga kerja tidak terampil) justru berhubungan dengan pola asupan yang kurang baik dan memburuknya stunting, padahal jumlahnya mencapai 40% dari ibu bekerja. Kesejahteraan rumah tangga, akses informasi, pelayanan kesehatan, pendidikan dan pekerjaan orang tua adalah faktor yang berasosiasi terhadap prilaku asupan yang baik. Studi kualitatif mendapatkan bahwa pada komunitas ibu bekerja sebagai buruh tidak terampil, tumbuh persepsi yang kompromi terhadap pemberian makanan seadanya karena keterbatasan sumber daya pengasuhan anak, disamping keharusan mereka untuk tetap bekerja memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangga.Analisis pathway mendapatkan bahwa ibu bekerja sebagai buruh tidak terampil secara langsung berhubungan dengan kurangnya keragaman makanan dan secara tidak langsung dengan stunting. Untuk menindaklanjuti kelompok ibu dan rumah tangga yang memerlukan intervensi edukasi, studi mengembangkan kuesioner skrining untuk mengidentifikasi rumah tangga yang tidak mampu memberikan keragaman makanan yang baik dengan akurasi 70% .KESIMPULAN: Di Indonesia, banyaknya ibu bekerja sebagai tenaga kerja tidak terampil berpotensi memperburuk masalah stunting. Anak-anak usia 6-23 bulan mengalami masalah kurangnya dan terlambatnya diberikan keragaman makanan yang cukup. Penting untuk keluarga, terutama dengan ibu bekerja dengan anak masih dibawah 2 tahun, untuk meningkatkan kesadaran pengasuhan anak dan ketrampilan pemberian MP-ASI dengan keragaman pangan yang cukup sejak anak berusia 6 bulan, selain ASI eksklusif. Edukasi gizi dapat dilakukan tidak hanya kepada ibu, keluarga dan pengasuh anak, namun juga terhadap komunitas ibu bekerja dengan pemberdayaan program perusahaan sayang ibu dan bayi.

---

BACKGROUND: Consistent increasing number of working mothers can positively impact on household economy improvement, but otherwise may negatively affect parenting, child feeding and child growth. This study analyzed dietary diversity practice, as one important component of complementary feeding in children aged 6-23 months, and its determinants especially at the three levels of maternal occupation: unskilled labor, skilled labor, professional and also included non-working mother as reference. Study also analyzed direct and indirect association of maternal occupation and dietary diversity practices to explain mechanism of stunting.

METHODS: Compilation of Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) and the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) from 2002 to 2012 were used to analyze the appropriateness of dietary diversity practice in children and its determinants. As sequential mixed method study, result of quantitative study were further explored by a qualitative study in the form of in-depth interviews

RESULTS: Children with timely minimum 4 food groups-dietary diversity (DD) since 6 months were only 18-24%, while the others had delayed introduce of animal source food. Mother worked at the lowest level (unskilled labor) lead to poorer dietary diversity and severe stunting, whilst their number was 40% of working mother. Household wealth, media exposure, access to health care, mother and father education and employment were factors associated to minimum DD. Qualitative studies found that unskilled labor mother community tend to compromise child feeding quality especially dietary diversity, due to limited child care resources, despite necessity to keep working to fulfill household needs. Pathway analysis found that mother working as unskilled labor directly caused poorer dietary diversity and indirectly caused stunting. To assess mother and household that required further education intervention related to DD importance, this study developed a scoring model for identifying household with high risk of inadequate dietary diversity with accuracy of 70%.

CONCLUSION: In Indonesia, the number of mothers who work as unskilled labor could potentially exacerbate the problem of stunting. Children aged 6-23 month old had inadequate and delayed timing for minimum dietary diversity in their diet. It is important for family, especially when the mother decided to work yet have under-two children, to re-develop parental awareness about the importance of complementary feeding with appropriate dietary diversity practice, beside exclusive breastfeeding. Nutrition education must not only be targeted to mother, family and caregiver, but also to working mother community via empowerment of mother and baby friendly company program."

"ABSTRAKModernisasi kota-kota besar di Indonesia terutama Jakarta meningkatkan jumlahperempuan bekerja dengan pcrubahan terhadap gaya hidup terutama dalam jumlahdan komposisi asupan makanan. Hal tersebut bila disertai dengan mulaimeourunnya honnon estrogen pada perempuan di awal masa klimakterlum,dikhawatirkan telah teljadi perubahan profil lipid dan distribusi lemak. Tujuanpcnalitian ini adalah diketahuinya asupan total energi dan asupan makronutrienserta profit lipid karyawati di awal rna.- klimakterium yaitu usia 35-45 tahun,serta hubungannya dengan ukuran lingkar pinggang. Stodi ini adalah studi potonglingtang yang dilakukan di Poliklinik Departemen Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata RJ.Sebanyak 66 orang karyawati menandatangani lembar persetujuan menjadisubyek pcnelitian, dengan 52 orang (78,8%) subyek menyelesaikan studi ini.Pengumpulan data ditakukan dengan wawancara, pcngukuran antropometri danpcaitaian asupan makanan menggunakan merode food record 3x24 jam.Dilakukan juga pemeriksaan tahoratorium untuk mengukur kadar kolesterol LDL,HDL dan trigliserida serum. Rerata ulruran lingkar pinggang subyek adalah 84,8 ±9,42 em dengao sebagian besar subyek (67,3%) tennasuk dalarn kategori lebih.Rerata asupan total energi subyek penelitian adalah 1571 ± 303,2 kkal, dengansebagian besar subyek tennasuk dalarn kategori cukup jika dibandingkan dengankebutoba energi total. Rerata asupan makronutrien untuk karbohidrat adalah 213,7± 40,73 gr (54,7 ± 6,24 o/oE), sera! 11,2 ± 4,52 gr, protein 54,0 ± 13,25 gr (13,7 ±1,89 %E), lemak 56,0 ± 17,76 gr (31,6 ± 5,62 %E), SAFA 25,8 ± 8,84 gr (14,6 ±3,44 %E), MUFA 14,1 ± 5,07 gr (8,0 ± 2,02 %E), PUFA 12,3 ± 5,85 gr (6,9 ±2,84 %E) dan kotesterol 242,2 ± 118,36 mg per hari. Berdesarkan aujuran asupanoleh PERKENI, asupan kaibohidrat, protein, MUF A dan PUF A sebagian besarsubyek dikategorlkan cukup. Sementara asupan lemak, SAP A dan kotesterolsebagian besar subyek dikategorikan lebih dan asupan serat kurang. Kadarkolesterol LDL, HDL dan trigliserida subyek berturut-turut adalah 126,3 ± 29,71m8fdL, 58,2 ± 9,46 mg/dL dan 84,7 ± 35,81 mg/dL. Kadar ko1esterol LDL dantrigliserida serum sebagian besar subyek dalam kategori normal. Kader kolesterolHDL serum seluruh subyek dahun kategori normal. Tidak terdapat hubunganbermakna antara jumlah asupan energi total dan masing-masing makronutrienterhadap ukuran lingkar pinggang. Namun terdepat korelasi derajat lemak antara kadar trigliserida serum dan ukuran lingkar pinggang.

---

AbstractModernization on some major cities in Indonesia specially Jakarta bas raised thenumber of working women from year to year, and alter their !!restyle includingtheir total nutrition intake and macronutrient composition. Accompanied withdecreasing estrogen level in early climacteric women, there was big concern thatthere had been alteration on lipid profile and fat distribution among these women.The aim of the study was to evaluate daily intake of total energy, macronutrientsand lipid profile among healthy female government employee on earlyclimacteric phase (aged 35-45 years), and their association with waistcircumference. This cross sectional study took place in Cultural and TourismDepartment of Republic Indonesia. Sixty six women have provided consent,while 52 subjects (78.8%) have completed the study. Data collection wereconducted from interviews, anthropometric measurements and dietary assessmentusing 3 x 24 hours food record. Serum triglyceride, LDL, HDL cholesterol levelwere assessed as well. Mean value of waist circumference was 84.8 ± 9.42 em,and categorized as high, as well as on the majority of subjects (67.3 %).Meanvalue and standard deviation of to!al energy intake was 1571 ± 303,2 kcal, andcategorized as moderate. The mean intake value of carbohydrate was 213,7 ±40,73 g (54,7 ± 6,24 %E), fiber 11,2 ± 4.52 gr, protein 54.0 ± 13.25 g (13.7 ± 1.89%E), fut 56.0 ± 17.76 g (3L6 ± 5.62 %E), SAFA 25.8 ± 8.84 gr (14.6 ± 3.44%E), MUFA 14.1 ± 5.o7 gr (8.0 ± 2.02 %E), PUFA 12.3 ± 5.85 gr (6.9 ± 2.M%E) and cholesterol 242.2 ± 118.36 mg!day. Based on PER.KENIrecommendation for macronutrient intake, majority of subject's intake ofcarbohydrate, protein, MUFA and PUF A were categorized as moderate, the intakeof daily fat, SAFA and cholesterol were high, and all subject's intake of fiber waslow. Subject's serum LDL and HDL cholesterol level were 126.3 ± 29.71 mg/dLand 58.2 ± 9.46 mg/dL respectively, while serum triglyceride level was 84.7 ±35.81 mg!dL. Majority of subject's lipid profile categorized as normal. Nosignificant associations were found among total energy as well as macronutrientswith waist circumference. Nevertheless, there was weak significant associationbetween triglyceride serum level and waist circumference."

"Konsumsi sayur dan buah masyarakat Indonesia masih jauh dari kategori cukup. Remaja ditemukan sebagai kelompok umur dengan persentase tertingi untuk konsumsi sayur dan buah yang kurang. Konsumsi sayur dan buah yang kurang pada saat remaja akan mempengaruhi status kesehatan di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi sayur dan buah pada kelompok remaja di Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross sectional pada bulan April hingga Mei 2018 di SMAN 39 Jakarta. Responden terdiri dari siswa kelas X dan kelas XI. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan FFQ dengan metode angket. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 68,4 responden termasuk ke dalam kategori kurang konsumsi sayur dan buah. Uji chi square yang dilakukan menghasilkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengaruh orangtua OR=2,436; CI=1,293-4,587 dan keterlibatan dalam berbelanja OR=2,045; CI=1,091-3,834 dengan konsumsi sayur dan buah pada responden. Analisis lebih lanjut berupa analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistic ganda menunjukkan hasil bahwa pengaruh orangtua menjadi faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi sayur dan buah pada siswa.

---

Consumption of vegetables and fruits of Indonesian society is still far from sufficient category. Adolescents are found as the age group with the highest percentage for less vegetable and fruit consumption. Consumption of less vegetables and fruits during adolescence will affect health status in the future. This study aims to determine the dominant factors associated with consumption of vegetables and fruits in groups of adolescents in Jakarta. This study used cross sectional design in April to May 2018 at SMAN 39 Jakarta. Respondents consisted of students of class X and class XI. Data collection using self administered questionnaire and.

The results of this study indicate that there are 68.4 of respondents included into the category of less consumption of vegetables and fruits. The chi square test performed resulted in a relationship between parental influence OR 2,436 CI 1,293 4,587 and shopping involvement OR 2,045 CI 1,091 3,834 with consumption of vegetables and fruits in the respondents. Further analysis in the form of multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression test showed that the influence of parents became the dominant factor related to the consumption of vegetables and fruit in the students. "