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"Latar Belakang: Yayasan Galuh merupakan sebuah panti rehabilitasi mental di Bekasi yang menangani orang dengan gangguan jiwa menggunakan metode pengobatan tradisional. Latar belakang petugasnya berasal dari non medis. Mereka mengenali gejala gangguan jiwa berdasarkan perilaku abnormal dan kekerasan. Orang-orang dengan gangguan jiwa sering disertai dengan gangguan dalam perawatan diri dan aktivitas sehari-hari. Belum ada penelitian tentang profil gangguan jiwa dan tingkat kemandirian penghuni Yayasan Galuh. Tujuan: Untuk mendapatkan profil gangguan jiwa serta tingkat kemandirian penghuni Yayasan Galuh selama periode Desember 2012 sampai Januari 2014. Metode: Dengan metode wawancara klinis berdasarkan PPDGJ III untuk mendapatkan diagnosis gangguan jiwa serta instrumen indeks Barthel untuk mendapatkan tingkat kemandirian dalam perawatan diri dan aktivitas sehari-hari-hari. Penelitian dilakukan selama periode waktu bulan Desember 2012 sampai Januari 2013. Hasil: Dari 210 responden didapatkan gangguan psikotik atau skizofrenia (F2) sebanyak 82,8%, gangguan afektif (F3) sebanyak 6,2%, retardasi mental (F7) sebanyak 1,4% dan ganggguan mental organik (F0) sebanyak 1%, sementara yang tidak ada psikopatologi sebanyak 8,6%. Untuk tingkat kemandirian sebagian besar penghuni termasuk mandiri yaitu sebanyak 157 orang (74,8%), 51 penghuni (24,3%) mempunyai ketergantungan ringan dan hanya 1 penghuni (0,5%) yang masing-masing memiliki ketergantungan sedang dan berat. Simpulan: Dengan diketahuinya profil gangguan jiwa dan tingkat kemandirian penghuni Yayasan Galuh ini diperlukan perbaikan mutu layanan baik untuk kesehatan umum maupun kesehatan jiwa penghuni Yayasan Galuh dengan melakukan kerjasama dengan pihak pemerintah untuk kebijakannya dan pendidikan untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada petugas-petugasnya dan bidang ilmiah untuk penelitian lebih lanjut.

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Background: Galuh Foundation is a traditional mental rehabilitation shelter in Bekasi. The workers were not having medical background. They diagnosed the residents as having mental disorder from abnormal behaviour and hostility. People with mental disorder is usually having impairment in self care and daily activities. There haven‟t been any study about mental disorder profiles and independency level of residents in Galuh Foundation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the profiles of mental disorder and independence level of residents in Galuh Foundation Bekasi from December 2012 until January 2013.

Methods: Clinical interview according to PPDGJ III (based on ICD 10) to get the profiles of mental disorder and by using the Barthel index to get the independency level of self care and daily activities of residents in Galuh Foundation, from December 2012 until January 2013.

Results: Of 210 residents who had psychotic disorder (F2) were 82.8%, affective disorder (F3) were 6.2%, mental retardation (F7) were 1.4%, organic mental disorder (F0) were 1%, and no psychopatology were 8.6%. From the 210 residents who were independence were 74.8%, mild dependence were 24.3%, and only 0,5% each for mediate and totally dependence.

Conclusion: There will be need improvement for mental health of residents in Galuh Foundation and their utilities by engaging with the government and with the institution to do more studies for better improvement."

"Latar Belakang: Kesehatan mental merupakan salah satu isu kesehatan yang belum terpecahkan di Indonesia. Mahasiswa kedokteran adalah satu dari banyak populasi yang rentan terkena gangguan mental diakibatkan stresor yang tinggi. Stresor ini paling tinggi dialami oleh mahasiswa transisi dari sekolah menengah atas ke fakultas kedokteran, dan dari tahun preklinik ke klinik. Meskipun mereka menerima edukasi formal tentang kesehatan mental, tetapi sangat penting untuk mengetahui dan meningkatkan beberapa parameter kesehatan mental, seperti pengetahuan dan perilaku. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah ada peningkatan pengetahuan dan perilaku pada mahasiswa tingkat tiga preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia sesudah webinar kesehatan mental. Metode: Studi potong lintang ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa nilai pretest dan posttest pada kelompok webinar dan yang tidak menghadiri webinar (kontrol). Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah MAKS (pengetahuan) dan CAMI (perilaku). Total subjek sebanyak 132, di mana 66 masing-masing terdapat di kelompok webinar dan kontrol. Analisis data menggunakan Wilcoxon dan Mann-Whitney, di mana Mann-Whitney untuk membandingkan nilai posttest kelompok webinar dan kontrol. Hasil: Tidak ada kenaikan yang signifikan dalam perilaku pada kelompok webinar dan kontrol (p>0.05), namun terlihat dalam aspek pengetahuan. Tidak ada perbedaan yang berarti juga terlihat pada posttest perilaku antara dua kelompok tersebut, namun terlihat signifikan pada pengetahuan (P<0.05). Kesimpulan: Promosi kesehatan mental dalam bentuk webinar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, namun tidak dalam perilaku, terhadap kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa tingkat tiga preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.

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Introduction: Mental health issues is one of health concerns that has not yet been overcome in Indonesia. Medical students are among those with high risk of developing mental disorder due to higher exposure to stress. The stressors are higher in medical students transitioning from high schools to first-year medical schools, and from preclinical to clinical years. Despite the formal education about mental health, it is important to identify and improve some specific parameters of mental health, such as knowledge and attitude. This study was conducted to identify whether there is an improvement in knowledge and attitude about mental disorder in third-year preclinical students of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia before and after webinar of mental health promotion.

Methods: This cross-sectional study uses secondary data in the form of pretest and posttest score of webinar participants and non-webinar (control group). MAKS and CAMI questionnaire are used to assess the knowledge and attitude, respectively. There are a total of 132 subjects, which are equally divided into webinar and control group. The analysis uses Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney, with the latter being used to compare only between posttest score of webinar and control group.

Results: There is no significant improvement of attitude in both webinar and control groups (p>0.05), as opposite to knowledge (p<0.05). No notable difference is also seen in the attitude using Mann-Whitney, however the outcome (posttest) of knowledge is notably higher in webinar group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The mental health promotion in the form of a webinar improves knowledge, but does not increase attitude towards mental disorder in third-year preclinical students of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis tentang implementasi informed consent, kedudukan, dan peranan informed consent bagi pasien ODGJ di RSJ Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang (Soerojo Hospital). Masalah yang dibahas adalah mengenai implementasi informed consent bagi pasien ODGJ dan kedudukan serta peranan Soerojo Hospital dalam pengimplementasian informed consent. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal. Implementasi informed consent bagi pasien ODGJ tanpa wali di Soerojo Hospital dilakukan melalui berbagai tahapan. Jika tidak ditemukan wali/keluarga pasien maka yang bertanggung jawab penuh adalah dari pihak Soerojo Hospital. Kedudukan Soerojo Hospital sebagai penanggung jawab tertuang dalam Kepdirut Nomor HK.HK.01.08/XXVI.3/1476/2022 dan Kepdirut Nomor HK.01.07/XXVI.3/2099/2019. Soerojo Hospital bertanggung jawab langsung atas segala tindakan medis yang dilaksanakan dan harus sesuai dengan kesepakatan atau informed consent yang disepakati oleh pasien. Dalam praktiknya, antara peraturan perundang-undangan dengan Kepdirut Soerojo Hospital dalam hal implementasi informed consent dan kedudukan rumah sakit sudah sesuai namun harus tetap dipertahankan dan ditingkatkan demi kesejahteraan pasien.

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This study analyzed the implementation of informed consent, its status, and its role for patients with mental disorders at Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang Psychiatric Hospital (Soerojo Hospital). The issues discussed include the implementation of informed consent for patients with mental disorders and the position and role of Soerojo Hospital in the implementation of informed consent. This study employed doctrinal research methods. The implementation of informed consent for patients with mental disorders without guardians at Soerojo Hospital is conducted through various stages. If no guardian or family member is found, Soerojo Hospital assumes full responsibility. The position of Soerojo Hospital as the responsible party is stipulated in Director’s Decree Number HK.HK.01.08/XXVI.3/1476/2022 and Director’s Decree Number HK.01.07/XXVI.3/2099/2019. Soerojo Hospital is directly responsible for all medical actions, which must follow the informed consent agreed by the patient. In practice, the regulations and the Director’s Decrees of Soerojo Hospital regarding the implementation of informed consent and the hospital's position are aligned, but continuous maintenance and enhancement are necessary for the patient's well-being."

"Sebagian besar pasien dengan gangguan mental emosional pertama-tama belum berobat ke fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan jiwa. Pasien gangguan mental emosional yang berobat ke Puskesmas wilayah Jakarta Timur hanya 1,88 % dari kasus yang ada di masyarakat dengan rata-rata kunjungan 1,31 kali pada tahun 1994. Agar gangguan tersebut tidak menjadi berat atau menjadi penyakit lain, maka diperlukan pengobatan sedini mungkin. Untuk mencapai maksud tersebut, yang menjadi masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pola perilaku pencarian pengobatan dari pasien gangguan mental emosional dan faktor-faktor apa yang berhubungan dengan perilaku tersebut. Jenis disain penelitian ini adalah crossectional, namun menggunakan analisis yang lazim digunakan pada studi case control pada penduduk dewasa (17 tahun ke atas) yang mengalami gangguan mental emosional. Gangguan mental emosional ditetapkan berdasarkan pengisian instrumen Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) dengan cut-off points 6. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara systematic random sampling dengan sampling fraction 9. Unit sampel adalah rumah tangga dengan jumlah 650 KK yang meliputi 1950 penduduk dewasa sehat. Sampel pasien gangguan mental emosional yang diteliti berjumlah 446 kasus. Untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor dengan perilaku pengobatan dilakukan perhitungan Odds ratio melalui analisis regresi logistik multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pola perilaku pengobatan pertama pasien gangguan mental emmosional di Kelurahan Pulogadung adalah melakukan pengobatan sandhi 27,8 %, ke dokter umum 18,4 %, tidak mencari pengobatan 17,4 %, ke Puskesmas 13,2 %, ke pengobat tradisional 8,7 %, ke rumah sakit umum 6,1 %, ke spesialis penyakit dalarn 5,8 % dan ke psikiater 2,5 %. Pasien yang melakukan kegiatan rujukan adalah 23,6 %. Sebagian besar pasien yang melakukan rujukan dan pasien yang melakukan pengobatan selanjutnya tidak berobat ke fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan jiwa. Pasien gangguan mental emosional lebih mungkin tidak mencari pengobatan apabila pasien tidak merasa terganggu akibat gangguan mental emosional yang dialaminya (OR 0,01 ; 95% Cl 1,5E-03 - 0,02), kurang mendapatkan informasi pelayanan kesehatan jiwa (OR 0,49 ; 95% CI 0,25 - 0,95) dan apabila pasien malu berobat ke psikiater (OR 2,24 ; 95% 1,02 - 4,85). Pelayanan kesehatan jiwa di masyarakat diharapkan tidak hanya menunggu pasien datang berobat ke fasilitas kesehatan jiwa. Kegiatan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa di Puskesmas perlu dikembangkan dalam kegiatan Puskesmas lainnya (Taruna Husada, Sala Shakti Husada dan sebagainya). Pelayanan prevensi sekunder (mendorong pasien berobat) melalui peningkatan pengetahuan gangguan mental emosional dan fasilitas pengobatannya perlu lebih diprioritaskan. Penyegaran pengetahuan gangguan mental emosional terhadap dokter umum perlu dilakukan secara periodik. Peningkatan mutu pelayanan jiwa di Puskesmas dan pembinaan pengobat tradisional perlu lebih diperhatikan. Disamping itu perlu juga dipertimbangkan tentang perubahan konsep figur psikiater di masyarakat.

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Most patients with mental emotional disorder didn't visit health facility with mental health service at the first treatment. There is only 1,8 % of people with mental emotional disorder who visited Puskesmas at East Jakarta with average 1.31 visit in 1994. To prevent the disturbance become more severe or to become another illness, early treatment is needed. To reach the purpose, the problem of this study is to identify health seeking treatment pattern of patient with mental emotional disturbance and to find factors which was associated with the behavior treatment.

The study design is cross sectional study but method of analysis is case control. Sample of the study are adult (17 years or more) who experience mental emotional disorder. The criteria of mental emotional disorder is based on answers of Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) with cut-off 6. Sampling method is systematic random sampling with sampling fraction of 9. Sampling unit is household with totally 650 household which include 1950 adult with good health. Sample of patient with mental emotional disorder are 446 cases. To identify relationship between factors with health seeking treatment, logistic regression with odds ratio is applied.

The result showed that for the first treatment there is 27,8% of the mental emotional disorder patients performing self medication, 18,4% visit medical doctor, 17,4 % didn't seek any treatment, 13,2 % visit Puskesmas, 8,7 % going to traditional healer, 6,1% to general hospital, 5,8% visit internist and 2,5% visit psychiatrist. There where 23,6 patient who were given referral. Most of the patients who were referred or patient who continue the treatment didn't visit health facility with mental health service.

Patients with mental emotional disorder probably not seek any treatment if they didn't feel uncomfortable with the disturbance they experienced (OR 0,01 ; 95% CI 1,5E-03 - 0,02), did not obtained enough information about mental health service (OR 0,49 ; 95% CI 0,25 - 0,95), or if the patient was ashamed to visit psichiatrist (OR 2,24 ; 95% CI 1,02 - 4,85).

Patients with mental emotional disorder probably would performed self medication if their social economic status is low (OR moderat 0,52 ; 95% CI 0,06-0,83; OR high 0,45 ; 95% CI 0,04-0,62), if they were not bothered by the disturbance they experienced (OR 0,47; 95% CI 0,03-0,91), didn't consider the disturbance as severe (OR 0,54 ; 95% CI 0,07-0,91), didn't obtained enough information on the mental health service (OR 0,52 ; 95% CI 0,06-0,79), were not suggested to have treatment (OR 0,45 ; 95 % CI 0,04-0,57), they have no work (OR 0,35 ; 95 %CI 0,17-0,67) and if they are Askes member (OR 2,48 ; 95% CI 2,40-17,54).

Patients with mental emotional disorder will probably visit traditional healer if they have expectation that the treatment not only give drug (OR 8,76 ; 95% CI 1,86 - 42,26), have supernatural believe (OR 7,53; 95% CI 3,15-40,22), and have enough knowledge on the traditional healer service (OR. 6,67; 95% CI 1.86-23,57), did not feel comfortable with the disturbance they experienced (OR 8,84; 95% CI 3,00 - 26,05), their knowledge on the mental emotional disorder was not good (OR 0,12;95% CI 0,03-0,56), and have no information on the mental emotional service (OR. 0,25; 95% CI 0,06-0,98).

Patients with mental emotional disorder will probably visit mental health service if they felt disturbed (OR 4,43 ; 95% CI 1,76 - 11,13), did not have senior high school or more education (OR 0,36 ; 95% CI 0,16 - 0,81), expected to be given more than just drug (OR 5,93 ; 95% CI 1,93 - 18,17), feeling that the high cost of the treatment influence the effort to seek treatment (OR 7,17 ; 95 % CI 2,83 - 17,81), obtained enough information on the mental health service (OR 5,22 ; 95% CI 2,34 - 11,59), and did not feel ashamed to visit psychiatrist (OR 0,43; 95% CI 0,18 - 0,99).

Patients with mental emotional disorder will probably visit Puskesmas if they feel bothered (OR 14,41 ; 95% CI 4,14 - 50,40), feeling the cost of the treatment influence the effort of seeking treatment (OR. 4,28 ; 95% CI 1,39 - 13,06), their social economic status is low (OR high 0,11 ; 95 % CI 0,03 - 0,37), lived near to Puskesmas (OR 0,21 ; 95% CI 0,06 - 0,77), realize that there is mental health service in the Puskesmas (OR 14,31 ; 95 % CI 4,09 - 49,89), did not know about traditional service (OR 0,05 ; 95 % CI 0,01 - 0,25), did not have knowledge about the general health service (OR 0,23; 95% CI 0,07 - 077), and the healer attitude did not influence the choice of treatment (OR 0,35 ; 95 % CI 0,14 - 0,88).

Mental health service in the public is expected not only waited patients to visit the mental health service. Mental health service at the Puskesmas needs to be integrated and to be developed with the other Puskesmas activity (Taruna Husada, Bhakti Husada, Karang Werdha). Secondary prevention thru knowledge development on the mental emotional disorder, treatment facility and early detection should be give more priority. Knowledge refreshment on the mental emotional disorder to medical doctor needed to be in force periodically. Quality improvement of health service in Puskesmas' and education of traditional healer need to be given more attention. The figure of psychiatrist in the society need to changed as well."

"Latar belakang: Provinsi Maluku dilanda konflik berkekerasan sejak awal tahun 1999. Hal ini mendorong ribuan orang untuk mengungsi mencari tempat yang Iebih aman. Tinggal di tempat pengungsian sering menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan dan dapat menimbulkan trauma berkepanjangan. Menurut kepustakaan timbulnya gangguan mental pada pengungsi berhubungan dengan faktor risiko dan pengalaman traumatik yang pemah dialami, serta masalah psikososial yang dihadapi selama di pengungsian. Penelitian dilakukan untuk melihat prevalensi gangguan mental pada pengungsi yang tinggal di lokasi pengungsian di Kota Ambon.Metode: Penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan rancangan potong lintang dengan sampel sebanyak 214 pengungsi berusia 18 - 65 tahun yang tinggal di lokasi pengungsian di Kota Ambon selama bulan Februari - Maret 2006. Data sosiodemografik dan data pengalaman traumatik dan pengungsian diperoleh melalui kuesioner. Data mengenai gangguan mental diperoleh dengan menggunakan instrumen MINI-ICD-10. Hasil yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS-13.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 30,4% responden mengalami gangguan mental, dengan prevalensi terbanyak ialah gangguan yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan alkohol, diikuti gangguan depresi, gangguan cemas menyeluruh, gangguan distimia, episode manik, episode manik yang berkomorbid dengan ketergantungan alkohol, gangguan stres pascatrauma, dan gangguan depresi yang berkomorbid dengan gangguan lainnya. Saat dilakukan analisis bivariat dan multivariat, ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara usia dan jenis kelamin dengan terjadinya gangguan mental. Untuk analisis multivariat diperoleh p: 0,07 dan OR: 2,4 untuk variabel usia dan untuk variabel jenis kelamin p: 0,08 dan OR: 0,4.Kesimpulan: Prevalensi gangguan mental pada pengungsi yang tinggal di lokasi pengungsian di Kota Ambon sedikit lebih tinggi dari populasi normal, namun lebih rendah dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan pada pengungsi di tempat lain. Hal ini disebabkan keterbatasan instrumen yang digunakan, serta pelaksanaan penelitian jauh setelah kerusuhan terjadi.

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Background: Maluku province had riot and conflict since early of 1999 which encouraged thousand of people to move and find a safer place. Living in refugee wards often cause uncomfortable feeling and extended trauma. According to literature source, mental disorders in refugees are related to risk factors, suffered traumatic experiences, and psychosocial problems during their daily live in refugee ward. This study was conducted to recognize the prevalence of mental disorder in adult refugees who lived in refugee wards of Ambon city.

Methods: This study was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The sample were 214 refugees aged 18 - 65 years old who lived in refugees wards of Ambon city during February - March 2006 period. Sosiodemographic data and data of traumatic experiences and refugee were obtained from questioners. Data of mental disorder was obtained by using MINI-KO-10 instrument. Results were analyzed by using program of SP55-13.

Results: The study results indicated there were 30.4% subjects with mental disorder. The most common prevalence was mental disorder related to alcohol abuse and followed by depression disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, dystimia disorder, manic episodes, manic episodes with co morbidity of alcohol dependence, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression disorder with co morbidity of other disorders. By using bivariate and multivariate analysis, there was significant association between age and gender with mental disorder. For multivariate analysis, there were p: 0.07 and OR: 2.4 for the age variable and p: 0.08 and OR: 0.4 for gender variable.

Conclusions: The prevalence of mental disorder in refugees who lived in refugee wards of Ambon city is slightly higher than normal population, but it is lower than previous studies in other refugee wards. This is caused by limitation of instrument utilized and timing of study, i.e. the study was conducted long after the riot and conflict occurred."

"Ruang lingkup dan Cara penelitian: Bus kota merupakan sarana transportasi penting pada masyarakat perkotaan, terutama Jakarta dan sekitarnya. Mengemudi bus kota merupakan ciri pekerjaan yang mengandung banyak masalah, seperti kemacetan lalu lintas, jam kerja yang tidak menentu, risiko kecelakaan, gangguan keamanan oleh ancaman penumpang dan penodongan, dan sebagainya. Semua masalah ini dapat menimbulkan stres kerja. Stres kerja dapat menimbulkan dampak bagi kesehatan pengemudi, diantaranya hipertensi dan gangguan mental emosional. Penelitian stres di Indonesia masih langka, terutama penelitian untuk pekerja kerah biru seperti pengemudi bus kota. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui angka prevalensi gangguan mental emosional dan hipertensi pengemudi bus kota dan apakah ada hubungannya dengan stres kerja yang dirasakannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pengemudi bus kota di Tangerang. Alat ukur untuk mengukur stres kerja dipergunakan instrumen yang dikembangkan Winkleby yang telah dimodifikasi. Penilaian stres kerja yang dilakukan oleh instrumen ini bersifat self reported stresors. Alat ukur untuk menilai gangguan mental emosional dipergunakan instrumen kuesioner Symptom Check List 90 (SCL 90). Alat ukur untuk mengukur tekanan darah dipergunakan spighmomanometer air raksa merek Nova, dan mengikuti protokol WHO 1978. Desain yang dipergunakan pada penelitian ini adalah studi potong tintang (Cross sectional), terhadap 287 subjek penelitian. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan analisis bivariat, kemudian anatisis regresi logistik ganda. Prevalensi gangguan mental emosional pada pengemudi bus kota 29,3%. Ada hubungan bermakna antara stres kerja dengan gangguan mental emosional. Risiko terjadinya gangguan mental emosional pada pengemudi bus yang mengalami stres tinggi 6,35 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang mengalami stres rendah. Risiko terjadinya gangguan mental emosional pengemudi yang mengalami hipertensi mempunya risiko 1,96 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan non hipertensi. Hubungan antara hipertensi dengan gangguan mental emosional mungkin disebabkan oleh dua hal. Pertama, keluhan subjektif pada skala somatisasi merupakan bagian dari gejala hipertensi. Kedua, hipertensi dan gangguan mental emosional merupakan co morbiditas. Bila diperhatikan anatisis logistik ganda hubungan stres kerja dengan gangguan mental emosional tetap positif dan dominan, maka faktor hipertensi kurang begitu panting mempengaruhi gangguan mental emosional. Meskipun demikian, adanya hipertensi pada pengemudi turut meningkatkan gangguan mental emosional hampir dua kali. Prevalensi hipertensi pada pengemudi bus kota 25,8%. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara stres kerja dengan hipertensi. Risiko terjadinya hipertensi pada pengemudi yang gemuk 1,86 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pengemudi yang tidak gemuk.

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The Relationship of Occupational Stress to Mental Emotion& Disturbance (Study among City Bus Drivers on a Bus Company in Tangerang, 1997) City bus is an important transportation equipment of Urban Community, particularly in Jakarta and surrounding. Driving the bus is an occupation characterized as having so many problems such as traffic jam, long working hours, accident risk, security annoyance by passengers and an threat. All of the problems may lead to occupational stress and then may lead to outcomes in drivers health such as Hypertension and Mental emotional disturbance. Studies of stress in Indonesia is still rarely, particularly studies on blue collar workers as city bus drivers.

The objectives of this study are to ascertain prevalence of hypertension and mental emotional disturbance and whether an association exist between hypertension, mental emotional disturbance of city bus drivers and their occupational stress felt. This study was carried out on city bus drivers in Tangerang. The instrument for measuring occupational stress was used a questionnaire of Winkleby developed that was modified. This measurement of occupational stress was used an instrument that have the character of self report stressors. The instrument for measuring mental emotional disturbance was used a questionnaire SCL 90. The instrument for measuring blood pressure was used a Mercurial Sphygmomanometer" NOVA' and according to WHO 1978 Protocol.

Design of this study was applied Cross sectional method of 287 subjects study. Collected data were processed by bivariate analysis, and then Multivariate analysis by Multiple logistic regression analysis.

Prevalence of mental emotional disturbance on city bus drivers is 29,3%. There were significant association between Occupational stress with Mental emotional disturbance. Mental emotional disturbance risk of drivers with high level stress 6,35 times more than low level stress. Mental emotional disturbance risk of drivers with hypertension 1.96 times more than drivers with hypertension. The relationships between hypertension and mental emotional disturbance may be caused by two reasons. First, subjective complaints on somatisation scale is a part of hypertension symptoms. Secondly, hypertension and mental emotional disturbance are co-morbidity phenomenon. When we see about multiple logistic regression analysis on relationships of occupational stress with mental emotional disturbance is constant and dominant, therefore hypertension factors less than importance to lead emotional mental disturbance. Nevertheless, hypertension of the drivers to share in confirming mental emotional disturbance increasing twice.

Prevalence of Hypertension on city bus drivers is 25,8%. There were no association between occupational stress and Hypertension. Hypertension risk of obese drivers were 1.86 times more than non obese drivers."