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"Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, kemampuan kontrol inhibisi dibutuhkan agar kita dapat menahan godaan dan menahan tingkah laku yang tidak pantas. Sementara itu, stres yang merupakan bagian keseharian kita merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi kemampuan kontrol inhibisi. Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan untuk melihat peranan stres kronis sebagai variabel yang dapat memoderasi pengaruh stres akut pada kontrol inhibisi. Pengukuran kemampuan kontrol inhibisi dengan stop-signal task digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh stres akut yang ditimbulkan oleh tugas aritmatika Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task / PASAT terhadap kontrol inhibisi pada partisipan dalam kelompok manipulasi stres akut n = 43, dibandingkan kelompok kontrol n = 41 . Tingkatan stres kronis sebagai moderator diukur dengan Trier Inventory of Chronic Stress pada seluruh partisipan. Hasil menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh stres akut terhadap kontrol inhibisi F 1, 79 = 0,76, p = 0,38, serta efek moderasi dari stres kronis F 1, 75 = 0,01, p = 0,90. Analisis lanjutan dilakukan dengan memasukkan jenis kelamin sebagai moderator tambahan. Hasil analisis lanjutan menujukkan bahwa stres akut dapat memengaruhi kontrol inhibisi tergantung pada tingkatan stres kronis dan jenis kelamin, F 1,75 = 5,914, p = 0,01, partial ?2 = 0,07.

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Inhibitory control is a significant ability that we need to overcome temptations and withholding inappropriate behavior. Meanwhile, stress as a part of our everyday life can alters our inhibitory control. In this experiment we examined the moderating role of chronic stress on the effect of acute stress on inhibitory control. The stop signal task was used to assess the inhibitory control and whether it was affected by acute stress induced by arithmetical task Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task PASAT on participants in acute stress manipulation group n 43 , compared to control group n 41. The level of chronic stress was assessed using Trier Inventory of Chronic Stress on all participants. The result showed that there was no effect of acute stress on inhibitory control F 1, 79 0.76, p 0.38, as well as the moderating effect of chronic stress F 1, 75 0.01, p 0.90. Further analysis was conducted by including sex as an additional moderating variable. The result of the further analysis showed that acute stress alters inhibitory control depending on the level of chronic stress and sex, F 1,75 5.91, p 0.01, partial 2 0.07."

"Stres kehidupan merupakan peristiwa hidup yang pasti dialami individu terutama lansia dimana pada masa ini banyak terjadi transisi hidup. Stres kehidupan dapat berdampak negaif maupun positif. Dampak dari stres kehidupan tersebut bergantung dari mekanisme koping yang diadopsi oleh individu. Semakin adaptif koping yang diadopsi maka semakin positif pula dampak yang akan diterima individu dari stres kehidupan yang dialaminya. Mekanisme koping dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh faktor predisposisi dengan mekanisme koping yang dimiliki lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan potong lintang (crosssectional). Sampel adalah 106 lansia yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling.

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Stressful life events is event that must be experienced by individual, especially the elderly that a lot of transition occur on this periode. Stressful life events can have negative or positive impact. The impact is depentds on the coping mechanism that adopted by individual. The more adaptive coping mechanisms adopted, the more positive the impact that individual will received. Coping mechanism is influenced by severals factors. The research objective was to discover the influence of predisposing factors and coping mechanism in elderly. The research design is descriptive correlative with method was cross sectional study. The sample is 106 respondents of elderly who was choosen according purposive sampling method.The result find that 69,6% respondends have adaptive coping mechanism. The result show significant relation between personality type, social support, social interactions, and coping mechanism. This study became evidence base in developing psychosocial well-being in elderly."

"Background: pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia remains poorly understood. Many factors such as gastric motility disorder, visceral hypersensitivity, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, psychological stress and excessive gastric acid secretion play roles in this symptom. Psychological stress may promote peptic ulcer and has an effect on ulcers-associated Hp. This study aimed to determine Helicobacter pylori activity and expression of mucosal IL 6 and their association with psychological stress. Methods: a cross-sectional study was done among 40 outpatients with dyspeptic syndromes in M. Djamil General Hospital and two community health centers in Padang. The subjects were divided into two groups, with and without psychological stress, which were identified using DASS 42. Gastric biopsy specimens and peripheral blood samples were taken while performing esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Immunohistochemistry methods was used to determine the expression of IL 6 and Hp in gastric mucosa. The correlation of each variable in the group experiencing psychological stress and non stress was analyzed using Chi square test. Results: there were 40 patients with functional dyspepsia with average age of 37.58(SD 11.82) years old. The cortisol levels were significantly different between both groups (non stress vs. stress groups); moreover, morning cortisol level in psychological stress group was higher beyond normal limit. Interleukin 6 expression, as the evidence of inflammatory activity, seemed higher in non stress group than the group with psychological stress (8.25% vs. 7.25%). Helicobacter pylori activity was seemed to be increased in the stress group as characterized by higher numbers of invasion to the sub mucosa epithelium compared to the non stress group (11 vs. 7 subjects). Conclusion: psychological stress seems to have no correlation with IL-6 in gastric mucous of patients with functional dyspepsia; however, there is an evidence of increasing activity of Helicobacter pylori."

"Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan inkonsistensi hasil mengenai pengaruh stres akut terhadap kontrol inhibisi meningkatkan atau menurunkan kontrol inhibisi. Dengan demikian, perlu diketahui faktor lain yang dapat menjelaskan mekanisme pengaruh stres akut terhadap kontrol inhibisi. Penilaian kognitif merupakan faktor yang mungkin dapat menjelaskan mekanisme tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh stres akut terhadap kontrol inhibisi dan peran penilaian kognitif sebagai moderator. Partisipan mengerjakan stop-signal task setelah menerima manipulasi stres, yaitu Computerized version of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test dengan evaluasi sosial n=43 atau kontrol n=41. Skor penilaian kognitif membagi partisipan ke dalam kelompok threat atau challenge appraisal. Hasil analisis 2 stres vs kontrol x 2 threat vs challenge between-subject ANOVA dengan status menstruasi sebagai kovariat menunjukkan tidak terdapat efek interaksi antara stres akut dan penilaian kognitif terhadap kontrol inhibisi. Analisis lanjutan dilakukan pada kedua kelompok stres dan kontrol secara terpisah dengan menambahkan jenis kelamin sebagai faktor. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peran penilaian kognitif dalam memengaruhi kontrol inhibisi bergantung pada jenis kelamin, hanya pada kelompok stres, F 1,39 = 4,187, p = 0,048, partial ?2=0,099. Penilaian stressor sebagai ancaman memprediksi kontrol inhibisi yang lebih baik pada perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki.

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Recent studies indicate that acute stress can affect inhibitory control, however, the results have been inconsistent with respect to the direction of effect i.e., impairing or facilitating. Thus, other variables may play a role in explaining the effect of acute stress on inhibitory control. Cognitive appraisal threat or challenge appraisal may be one underlying factor that needs to be taken into account, given the differences of the stress responses by these appraisals. The current study aimed to examine the effect of acute stress on inhibitory control and whether this effect was moderated by cognitive appraisal. Participants performed stop signal task after receiving stress Computerized version of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test PASAT C with social evaluation n 43 or control n 41 manipulation. A 2 stress vs control x 2 threat vs challenge between subject ANOVA with menstruation status as covariance showed that there was no interaction effect of acute stress and cognitive appraisal on inhibitory control. Further analysis was conducted in both groups stress vs control saperately, by adding gender as another fixed factor and showed that the role of cognitive appraisal in influencing inhibitory control depended on gender only in stressed participants, F 1,39-4.187, p .048, partial 2 .099. That is, threat appraisal toward the stressor resulted in better inhibitory control for females, than for males."