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"Halusinasi adalah salah satu gejala positif yang dapat muncul pada klien dengan skizofrenia. Nn. K (30 tahun) dengan masalah keperawatan halusinasi dan diagnosis medis skizofrenia mendapatkan intervensi keperawatan generalis berupa menghardik, mengabaikan halusinasi, melakukan distraksi dengan bercakap-cakap dan berkegiatan, serta patuh minum obat dengan prinsip 5 benar obat. Selain intervensi generalis, klien juga diberikan intervensi inovasi berupa expressive writing sebagai bentuk distraksi dari halusinasi. Penilaian tanda dan gejala dilakukan dengan menggunakan 3 instrumen yaitu instrumen tanda dan gejala halusinasi, kemampuan mengontrol halusinasi, dan PSYRATS. Expressive writing telah terbukti dapat menurunkan tanda dan gejala halusinasi setelah dilakukan dalam 4 sesi. Diharapkan expressive writing dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif kegiatan distraksi.

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Hallucination is one of the symptoms that may arise from schizophrenia. Ms. K (30 years) with hallucinations and a medical diagnosis of schizophrenia received general intervention for hallucination by shouting, ignoring hallucinations, providing distraction with conversations and activities, and complying with taking medication according to the principles of the 5 correct medications. Apart from generalist intervention, clients are also given innovative interventions with expressive writing as a form of distraction from hallucinations. Evaluating signs and symptoms of hallucinations using 3 instruments, they are instrument for signs and symptoms of hallucinations, the instrument for the ability to control hallucinations, and PSYRATS. Expressive writing has been proven to reduce signs and symptoms of hallucinations after 4 sessions. It is hoped that expressive writing can be an alternative distraction activity."

"Skizofrenia merupakan gangguan kejiwaan kronis yang menyebabkan psikosis disertai penurunan fungsi kognitif, afektif, dan psikososial. Masalah keperawatan yang sering muncul akibat gejala negatif skizofrenia yakni isolasi sosial. Isolasi sosial adalah kesendirian yang dialami oleh individu dan dianggap timbul karena orang lain serta sebagai suatu keadaan negatif yang mengancam. Seseorang dengan kondisi ini cenderung menarik diri dari lingkungan dan mengalami penurunan–bahkan sama sekali tidak mampu berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk menggambarkan proses asuhan keperawatan klien melalui penerapan asuhan keperawatan jiwa generalis, expressive writing, dan aktivitas bernyanyi pada klien dengan isolasi sosial. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah metode case report. Kombinasi expressive writing dan aktivitas bernyanyi ini berfungsi sebagai media bagi klien untuk mengungkapkan perasaan dan pemikirannya serta menstimulasi keinginan untuk berinteraksi. Asuhan keperawatan diberikan pada klien bernama Nn. W yang berusia 37 tahun dengan diagnosis skizofrenia. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar evaluasi tanda dan gejala isolasi sosial serta kemampuan bersosialisasi klien yang dikembangkan oleh Departemen Keperawatan Jiwa Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia. Hasil case report ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan asuhan keperawatan jiwa generalis, expressive writing, dan aktivitas musik bernyanyi selama 7 hari efektif dalam menurunkan tanda gejala isolasi sosial pada klien, yakni dari skor 30 menjadi 6, serta mengalami peningkatan kemampuan bersosialisasi dari skor 0 menjadi skor 9. Oleh karena itu, penulis berharap expressive writing dan aktivitas musik bernyanyi dapat diterapkan sebagai intervensi tambahan dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada klien dengan isolasi sosial di rumah sakit.

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Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder that causes psychosis accompanied by decreased cognitive, affective, and psychosocial functions. Nursing problems that often arise due to negative symptoms of schizophrenia are social isolation. Social isolation is loneliness experienced by individuals and is considered to arise because of other people and as a threatening negative situation. A person with this condition tends to withdraw from the environment and experience a decrease-even a complete inability-to interact with others. The purpose of writing this scientific work is to describe the client's nursing care process through the application of generalist mental nursing care, expressive writing, and singing activities for clients with social isolation. The writing method used is the case report method. The combination of expressive writing and singing activities serves as a medium for clients to express their feelings and thoughts and stimulate the desire to interact. Nursing care was provided to a 37-year-old client named Ms. W with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The evaluation was carried out using an evaluation sheet for signs and symptoms of social isolation and client socialization skills developed by the Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia. The results of this case report show that the application of generalist mental nursing care, expressive writing, and singing music activities for 7 days is effective in reducing signs and symptoms of social isolation in clients, namely from a score of 30 to 6, and experiencing an increase in socialization skills from a score of 0 to a score of 9. Therefore, the author hopes that expressive writing and singing music activities can be applied as additional interventions in providing nursing care to clients with social isolation in hospitals."

"Latar belakang: xylitol adalah gula alkohol berantai karbon lima (polyol) yang banyak digunakan sebagai pemanis alami dalam bentuk permen karet untuk mencegah karies gigi. Xylitol memiliki efek antikaries karena dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S. mutans yang merupakan salah satu agen utama penyebab karies gigi, menurunkan pembentukan plak dan meningkatkan remineralisasi gigi. Pulpa gigi berperan penting bagi vitalitas gigi. Pada pulpa gigi yang terbuka, xylitol dapat berpenetrasi dan menimbulkan efek biologik pada sel. Tujuan: untuk mendeteksi efek xylitol terhadap viabilitas dan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi (in vitro). Metode: sel-sel pulpa gigi didapat dari gigi sehat yang baru diekstraksi, dan dikultur dalam medium kultur DMEM (37°C, 5% CO2) hingga confluent. Selanjutnya sel-sel tersebut disubkultur pada kondisi yang sama selama semalam di 24-wellplate. Setelah itu kelompok perlakuan dipaparkan xylitol dengan konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 8% dan 16%. Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol tidak diberi xylitol. Viabilitas sel diukur dengan MTT assay. Sedangkan profil protein dianalisis dengan SDS PAGE. Hasil: rerata optical density (OD) kelompok xylitol 2% (1,784 ± 0,052), 4% (2,465 ± 0,057), 8% (2,168 ± 0,162), dan 16% (1,912 ± 0,148) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (1,566 ± 0,069). Uji statistik Oneway ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa seluruh kelompok perlakuan berbeda bermakna dengan kontrol (p<0,05). Persentase viabilitas sel diperoleh dari rerata optical density. Viabilitas sel kelompok xylitol 2% (113,92%), 4% (157,40%), 8% (138,44%), dan 16% (122,09%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (100%). Dari hasil SDS PAGE, tampak perubahan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi. Simpulan: terdapat peningkatan viabilitas sel dan perubahan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi setelah pemaparan xylitol.

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Background: xylitol is five carbon sugar alcohol (polyol) which is used as natural sweetener in chewing gum to prevent dental caries. Xylitol has anticaries effect as it can inhibit the growth of S. Mutans, one of the main etiology of dental caries, decrease plaque formation, and increase tooth remineralization. Dental pulp has an important role in dental vitality. In exposed dental pulp, xylitol can penetrate and induce biological response of the cells. Objective: to detect the effects of xylitol to cell viability and protein profile of dental pulp cells (in vitro). Method: dental pulp cells were obtained from healthy and freshly extracted teeth, and were cultured in DMEM (37°C, 5% CO2) until confluent. Subsequently, they were subcultured in same condition overnight on 24-well plate. Afterwards, the treatment groups were exposed by 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16% xylitol. Whilst, the control group was not exposed by xylitol. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Whereas, the protein profile was analized by SDS PAGE. Results: the mean of optical density of treatment group with xylitol 2% (1,784 ± 0,052), 4% (2,465 ± 0,057), 8% (2,168 ± 0,162), and 16% (1,912 ± 0,148) were higher than control group (1,566 ± 0,069). Statistical test Oneway ANOVA showed that all the treatment groups were significantly different compared with the control (p<0,05). The percentage of cell viability was obtained from the mean of optical density. The cell viability of xylitol 2% (113,92%), 4% (157,40%), 8% (138,44%), dan 16% (122,09%) were higher than control group (100%). From SDS PAGE, there was protein profile alteration. Conclusion: there was an increased of cell viability and the alteration of protein profile of dental pulp cells after treated with xylitol."

"Latar belakang: xylitol adalah gula alkohol dengan 5 ikatan rantai karbon yang memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Dalam bidang kedokteran gigi, xylitol memiliki peran sebagai antikaries gigi karena dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans penyebab karies gigi. Namun belum diketahui efek pemaparan xylitol terhadap sel-sel pulpa gigi. Pulpa gigi merupakan jaringan yang sensitif terhadap paparan benda asing. Pada pulpa gigi yang terbuka, xylitol dapat menimbulkan efek biologik. Tujuan: untuk mendeteksi efek paparan xylitol dalam beberapa konsentrasi terhadap protein total dan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi secara in vitro. Metode: sampel penelitian berasal dari sel-sel pulpa gigi sehat (tanpa karies) yang baru diekstraksi. Selanjutnya dikultur selama semalam dan dilanjutkan dengan subkultur selama semalam. Kemudian kelompok perlakuan xylitol dipaparkan xylitol dengan konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 8%, dan 16%, sedangkan kelompok kontrol tidak diberi paparan xylitol. Protein total sel-sel pulpa gigi diukur dengan menggunakan metode Bradford assay dan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode SDS PAGE. Hasil: rerata konsentrasi protein total (µg/ml ± SD) sel-sel pulpa gigi kelompok perlakuan xylitol 2% (23031,305 ± 1636,87), kelompok perlakuan xylitol 4% (26380,865 ± 3278,0), kelompok perlakuan xylitol 8% (23192,574 ± 1441,39), dan kelompok perlakuan xylitol 16% (21498,481 ± 2633,37) memiliki rerata konsentrasi protein total sel-sel pulpa gigi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (19013,045 ± 2188,51) dan memiliki perbedaan bermakna berdasarkan uji statistik Oneway ANOVA. Namun, antar kelompok perlakuan xylitol 2%, 4%, 8% dan 16% tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05). Pada gambaran profil protein, tampak terjadi perubahan profil protein pada kelompok perlakuan xylitol 2% dan 8%. Simpulan: pada penelitian ini terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi protein total dan perubahan profil protein selsel pulpa gigi setelah pemaparan xylitol.

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Background: xylitol is sugar alcohol with 5 carbon atom in the molecule which has many benefits for human health. In dentistry, xylitol is an anti-cariogenic agent as it can inhibit Streptococcus mutans growth. Nevertheless, the effect of xylitol exposure to dental pulp cells has not been known yet. Dental pulp is a sensitive tissue toward exposure of several agents. In the exposed dental pulp, xylitol can cause biological effects.

Objectives: the effect of xylitol with several concentrations determined to total protein and protein profile of the dental pulp cells culture.

Methods: the dental pulp cells were obtained from healthy and freshly extracted teeth (non-caries). Furthermore, dental pulp cells were cultured overnight and then subcultured another overnight. Afterwards, xylitol treatment group was exposured by 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16% xylitol, while control group was not exposured by xylitol. Total protein cells was measured by Bradford assay method and protein profile was analized by SDS PAGE.

Results: the mean of total protein (µg/ml ± SD) cells concentration? of 2% xylitol group (23031,305 ± 1636,87), 4% xylitol group (26380,865 ± 3278,0), 8% xylitol group (23192,574 ± 1441,39), and 16% xylitol group (21498,481 ± 2633,37) were statistically higher than the control group (19013,045 ± 2188,51). However, there were not significant differences between 2%, 8%, and 16% xylitol groups. From the result of SDS PAGE, it was shown that there was altered protein profile in 2% and 8% xylitol group.

Conclusions: in this research, the concentration of total protein cells were increased and the cells protein profile was altered in the dental pulp cells after xylitol exposured."

"Latar belakang: xylitol merupakan gula alkohol (polyols) dengan 5 ikatan rantai karbon yang dilaporkan bermanfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Dalam bidang kedokteran gigi, xylitol memiliki peran sebagai bahan antikaries gigi karena dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Namun, efek xylitol terhadap sel-sel pulpa gigi belum diketahui. Pulpa gigi merupakan jaringan yang sensitif terhadap paparan benda asing. Pada pulpa gigi yang terbuka, xylitol dapatmenimbulkan efek biologik sel. Tujuan: untuk mendeteksi efek paparan xylitol terhadap protein total dan profil protein medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi. Metode: sel-sel pulpa gigi didapat dari jaringan pulpa gigi sehat yang baru diekstraksi, kemudian dikultur dalam medium DMEM (37ºC, 5% CO2) hingga confluent. Kemudian dilakukan subkultur dengan kondisi yang sama selama semalam. Kelompok perlakuan dipaparkan xylitol dengan konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 8%, dan 16%, tetapi kelompok kontrol tidak dipapar xylitol. Konsentrasi protein total medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi diukur dengan menggunakan Bradford protein assay pada panjang gelombang 655 nm. Sedangkan profil protein medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi dianalisis dengan teknik SDS PAGE. Hasil: rerata konsentrasi protein total (µg/ml ± SD) medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi pada kelompok perlakuan xylitol 2% (24.253,71 ± 2.363,29), xylitol 4% (21.925,42 ± 1.001,38), xylitol 8% (25.456,51 ± 4.569,45), dan xylitol 16% (26.306,66 ± 5.550,82) secara statistik dengan Oneway ANOVA lebih rendah bermakna (p<0,05) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (33.395,64 ± 4.209,08). Dari hasil SDS PAGE, ternyata tidak terjadi perubahan profil protein medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi setelah pemaparan xylitol. Simpulan: konsentrasi protein total medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi menurun setelah pemaparan dengan xylitol, namun profil protein medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi tidak mengalami perubahan.

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Background: xylitol is one of sugar alcohol (polyols) with 5 carbon atoms which is reported to have benefits to our health. In dentistry, xylitol has anti-caries effect as the growth of Streptococcus mutans could be inhibited. However, the xylitol effects on dental pulp have not been known yet. Dental pulp tissue is sensitive to foreign substances. Xylitol could penetrate the exposed dental pulp and induce the biological response of the cells.

Objective: to detect the effects of xylitol on dental pulp cells determined by total protein and protein profile of culture medium of the dental pulp cells (in vitro).

Methods: dental pulp cells were obtained from healthy and freshly extracted teeth. Then, they were cultured in DMEM medium (37ºC, 5% CO2) until confluent approximately 2 days. Subsequently they were subcultured and used as samples. The treatment groups were treated with xylitol 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16% and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for overnight, while the control groups without xylitol. The total protein of culture medium was determined by Bradford protein assay in 655 nm. Whereas, the protein profile of culture medium were analized by SDS PAGE method.

Results: the mean of total protein? concentration (µg/ml ± SD) of culture medium in treatment groups with xylitol 2% (24.253,71 ± 2.363,29), xylitol 4% (21.925,42 ± 1.001,38), xylitol 8% (25.456,51 ± 4.569,45), dan xylitol 16% (26.306,66 ± 5.550,82) were lower than control group (33.395,64 ± 4.209,08). The comparison between the controls and treatment groups were analysed by Oneway ANOVA. All the treatment groups were signifcantly different compared with the controls (p<0,05). By SDS PAGE, the protein profile of culture medium in all treatment groups was not altered.

Conclusion: the total protein? concentration of culture medium of the dental pulp cells were decreased after treated with xylitol. However, the protein profile of culture medium of dental pulp cells was not altered."

"Karies gigi pada anak merupakan masalah kesehatan penting yang diderita lebih dari 89,16% anak Indonesia.Tingginya konsumsi makanan manis dan rendahnya kebiasaan menyikat gigi pada anak meningkatkan resiko terjadinya karies. Pada periode gigi campur (7-11 tahun) tetiadi peningkatan karies gigi. Karies daiam rongga mulut memberikan lingkungan yang baik bagi pertumbuhan mikroorganisme tennasuk Candida. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keragaman spesies dan jumlah koloni Candida da1am rongga mulut anak non karies dan karies pada usia 7-11 tahun. Untuk mengetahui hal tersebut telah dikumpulkan 112 sampel kumuran.Penentuan derajat karies dilakukan berdasarkan criteria WHO. Penentuan jumlah koloni dan keragaman spesies Candida dilakukan dengan menanam sampel pada agar sabouraud deslctrosa. agar kromogenik, agar staib, agar tajin dan uji asimilasi. Prevalensi karies penelitian ini sebesar 84,8 %, tetdiri atas karies ringan (41,1%), karles sedang (33,9%) dan karies berat (9 8%}, sisanya 15.2 % tanpa kartes. Selanjutnya, didapatkan prevalensi Candida dalam rongga mulut adalah 68,7%. Keragaman Candida pada anak non karies dan dengan karies didominasi oleh Candida albicans, diikuti Candida non C.albicans. Antara keragaman spesies dengan derajat karies tidak terdapat hubungan bennakaa (p?:0,05). Semakin tinggi derajat karies jumlah koloni Candida yang tllmbuh semakin banyak (p.::£0,05) namun jumlah koloni Candida menurun seiring dengan pertambahan usia (p:S0,05).

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Dental caries in children is a major public health problem. The prevalence of caries among children in Indonesia is around 89,16 %. The high preva1ence of caries is related to the high consumption of sugar and low prevalence of tooth brushing habit. The high prevalence of caries is also related with mixed dentistry period (7-11 years old). Dental caries accommodates the life of microorganisms including Candida. The aim of this study is to know the species variety of Candida in the oral cavity of children with caries and non caries in mixed dentistry period. Oral rinse from 112 children was collected and the type of caries was done based on WHO criteria. The species and its variety. colony forming unit, were detennined by plating the sampJes on Sabouraud dextrose agar and chromogenic media. The identification until species level was conducted by chromogenic media, and in continue with staib agar. rice cream-tween 80 and assimilation test {API AUX Bio Merieux: Prancis) if any doubtful result. The prevalence of caries in study is 84,8 o/o, consisted of light caries (41,1%), moderate caries (33,9%) and severe is 9,8%, while 15,2 % without caries. Moreover. the prevalence of Candida in the oral cavity is 68,7%.and the species identified mostly Candida albicans both in children with and without caries., followed by Candida non C. albicans. The relation between the variety of Candida species and the type of caries is not statistically significant (p?:0,05). The severe the caries the higher colony forming unit (p .05), but decreasing in older children of more than I0 years old (p,05)."

"Latar belakang : Prevalensi penyakit dengan gejala kejang di Indonesia cukup tinggi. Sejalan dengan Iangkah strategis Universitas Indonesia untuk meneliti tanaman herbal yang bermanfaat, maka peneiitian ini ingin menyelidiki kemungkinan pemanfaatan piperine (ekstrak dari lada jawa) sebagai obat anti kejang. Tujuan : Mengetahui efek protektif piperin terhadap peningkatan kegiatan listrik otak tikus kejang akibat induksi oleh bicuculline dilihat dari iiekuensi dan amplitudo pada rekaman elektroensefalograii, dibandingkan kontrol. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental in-vivo, dilakukan pada empat kelompok tikus, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 6 tikus. Seluruh tikus beljumlah 24 ekor, diberi induktor kejang bicuculline. Sam kelompok kontrol tanpa diberi piperin dan tiga kelompok uji diberikan piperin dengan dosis yang berbeda. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah tikus Sprague Dawley jantan. Kelompok uji dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu kelompok dosis piperin 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB, dan 400 mg/kgBB. Perubahan amplitudo dan frekuensi EEG direkam pada menit ke-0, menit ke-30, menit ke-40, menit ke-50, dan menit ke-60 setelah pemberian piperin. Hasil penelitian : Pemberian piperin dosis 100 mg/kgBB, dosis 200mg/kgBB dan dosis 400 mg/kgBB menurunkan ampliludo dan meningkatkan frekuensi serta menghilangkan spike pada rekaman EEG. Piperin dosis 100 mg/kgBB setelah 50 menit pemberian peroral secara bermakna meningkatkan frekuensi dan menurunkan ampliludo. Kesimpulan : Piperin mempunyai efek pencegahan peningkatan kegiatan Iislrik otak dengan bukti meningkatkan frekuensi dan menunmkan amplitudo EEG. Pemberian piperin dosis 100 mg/kgBB lebih efektif dibandingkan dosis 200 mg/kgBB dan 400 mg/kgBB.

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Background: The prevalence of disease with seizure symptom has found in Indonesia high enough. In line with strategic plan of University of Indonesia to encourage studies on ingenious herbs in Indonesia, the present study is directed to investigate the possible beneficial effect of pipperine (extract java pepper) in the treatment of seizure.

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of pipperine against amplitude and frequency alterations of electroencephalogram (EEG) induced by bicuculline in the rat.

Design of study: Twenty four male Sprague Dawley rats were used in the study, in which the rats were grouped into 4, each consisted of 6 animals. The control group was the rats which received oral CMC 1% (carboxy methyl cellulose), 30 minute prior to subcutaneously injected bicuculline of 2,7 mg/kgBW. The other 3 treated goups received oral piperine 100mg/kgBW, 200mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW respectively, 30 minute prior to subcutaneously injected bicuculline of 2,7 mg/kgBW. The amplitude and frequency of EEG were recorded at zero time, 30?' minute, 40?? minute, 50? minute, and 60"? minute aiter the administration of pipperine.

Result: Injected of bicuculline in the rats, caused no alterations of EEG pattern as compared with the EEG at zero point measurement. At 20 minute after bicuculline injection, there was an were dose of amplitude and reduce of frequency of EEG with spike wave. Piperine at various concentrations reduced the EEG abnormalities. Piperine of l00 mg/kgBW showed the best protective effects against EEG alteration.

Conclution: Pipperine l00 mg/kgBW given before bicuculline reduced the amplitude and increased the iiequency of EEG to near normal condition."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Rosela mempunyai efek anti-inflamasi yang mempercepat proses penyembuhan. Fibroblas berperan penting dalam proses penyembuhan. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi hasil proses penyembuhan ulser mukosa mulut tikus berdasarkan ekspresi fibroblas secara imunohistokimia pascapaparan ekstrak etanol rosela 15%. Metode: Sampel ulser mukosa mulut tikus pascapaparan kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan diwarnai dengan antibodi TE-7(immunohistokimia). Parameter yang digunakan sel positif dan intensitas warna (pixel). Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan sel positif pada kelompok rosela 15% dihari ke-3 (skor 2) dengan intensitas warna menunjukan skor kuat (<125 pixel) pada hari ke-1, -3, -7, -14. Kesimpulan: Terdapat peningkatan ekspresi fibroblas pada proses penyembuhan ulser mukosa mulut tikus pascapaparan ekstrak etanol rosella 15%.

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ABSTRACTBackgrounds:Roselle have an anti-inflammatory effect that can accelerate wound healing. Fibroblast play a critical role in wound healing process. Objectives: To evaluate the result of wound healing process towards rat oral mucous ulcer based on fibroblast expression in immunohistochemistry after exposure 15% ethanol roselle extract. Methods: rat oral mucous ulcer samples after exposure the control group and the treatment group that stained by TE-7 antibody (immunohistochemistry). Parameters that used are positive cells and color intensity (pixels). Results: There was an increase of positive cells in group 15% roselle on the 3rd day (score 2) with color intensity indicates high score (<125 pixels) from the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days. Conclusions: Fibroblast expression increased in wound healing process of rat oral mucous ulcer after exposure 15% ethanol roselle extract"

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Kelopak bunga Rosela dilaporkan memiliki efek antiinflamasi.TE-7 adalah salah satu penanda fibroblas. Tujuan: Menganalisis ekspresi fibroblaspada penyembuhan ulser mukosa mulut tikus pascapaparan ekstrak etanol kelopakbunga Rosela 7,5 % secara imunohistokimia. Metode: Blok parafin dari ulsermukosa mulut tikus yang terdiri dari kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontroldipulas secara imunohistokimia tidak langsung menggunakan TE-7 sebagai antibodiprimer. Interpretasi ekspresi fibroblas berdasarkan skoring. Hasil : Pada hari ke-3,kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan skor 2 dan kedua kelompok kontrol menunjukkanskor 1. Kesimpulan: Setelah 3 hari paparan ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga Roselateridentifikasi 7,5% fibroblas terekspresi lebih baik daripada kelompok kontrol.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Roselle’s calyces reported have anti inflammation. TE-7 is one offibroblasts marker. Objective: Analyzing fibroblasts expression on rat oral mucosaulcer healing after exposure 7.5% ethanol extract of Roselle calyces byimmunohistochemistry. Method: Paraffin blocks of rat oral mucosa ulcer consistingof the treatment group and the control group stained indirect immunohistochemistrymethod using TE-7 as the primary antibodi Result: On day 3, the treatment groupshowed a score of 2 and the two control groups showed a score of 1. Conclusion:After 3 days exposure to 7,5% ethanol extract of Roselle calyces, fibroblastsexpressed better than the control group."

"ABSTRAKDiskolorasi gigi dapat diterapi dengan dental bleaching, namun dapat merusak enamel dan jaringan gingiva. Asam elagat dalam daun stroberi mampu menciptakan reaksi redoks sehingga dapat memutihkan gigi. Tujuan: Mengetahui pemutihan warna permukaan gigi pasca aplikasi dan sistem ruang warna yang paling sesuai menilai warna permukaan gigi. Metode: Ekstrak fenol daun stroberi diaplikasikan ke tiga gigi dengan konsentrasi 15 gigi kesatu, 30 gigi kedua dan 15 lalu 30 gigi ketiga. Analisis menggunakan software Adobe Photoshop. Hasil: Permukaan gigi menjadi lebih gelap. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak fenol daun stroberi tidak memutihkan enamel dan sistem ruang warna yang paling sesuai adalah RGB.

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ABSTRAKBackground Teeth discoloration can be treated with dental bleaching but it damages the enamel and gingival tissue. Ellagic acid in strawberry leaf ables to create redox reaction that can whiten teeth. Objective Determine whitening tooth surface after application and determine most appropriate color space system to assess tooth surface color. Methods Strawberry leaf phenolic extract was applied to three teeth with concentration of 15 , 30 and 15 to 30 . Analyze use Adobe Photoshop software. Results Surface color of teeth become darker. Conclusion Strawberry leaf phenolic extract doesn 39 t whiten the enamel and most appropriate color space system is RGB."