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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran evaluasi anatomis serta fungsional pasien pasca neovagina dengan graft membran amnion. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain potong lintang deskriptif. Didapatkan 11 subyek dengan nilai minimum dan maksimum panjang vagina yaitu 7 dan 8 cm. Nilai minimum dan maksimum diameter vagina yaitu 3.5 dan 4.0 cm. Seluruh subyek mempunyai epitelisasi lengkap dan hasil histopatologi sesuai dengan epitel vagina serta tidak didapatkannya komplikasi. Total skor FSFI menunjukkan nilai minimum dan maksimum skor 27.2 dan 31.7, menunjukkan tidak didapatkan disfungsi seksual.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to provide an overview of anatomical and functional evaluation of patients post neovagina with amniotic membrane graft. This study was conducted with a descriptive cross-sectional design. Obtained 11 subjects with a minimum and maximum length of the vagina are 7 and 8 cm. The minimum and maximum diameter of the vagina are 3.5 and 4 cm. All subject had complete epithelialization, vaginal epithelium as histopathological result and no complications. Total FSFI score showed the minimum and a maximum score of 27.2 and 31.7, shows no sexual dysfunction."

"Latar belakaog : Prevalensi penderita prolaps organ panggul (POP) terus bertambah, seiring dengan angka harapan hidup yang meningkat. Berbagai studi telah dilakukan untuk melihat terapi pasien POP. Pesarium merupakan pitihan utama terapi POP, tetapi sampai saat ini sangat sedikit literatur yang membahas evaluasi penggunaan jangka panjangnya. Tujuan : Mengetahui perbaikan kualitas hidup pasien POP yang diterapi dengan pesarium, dibandingkan sebelum pemasangan dengan bulan ketiga dan keenam pasca pemasangan. Metode : Pasien POP yang bersedia ikut penelitian akan diberikan kuesionar dengan cara anamnesis terpimpin. Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah Pelvic Floor Distress 111Ventoryshort form 20 (PFDI-20) dan Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-shortform 7 (PFIQ-7) yang sudah diterjemahkan. Setelah pemasangan berhasil, akan dilakukan follow up pada bulan ketiga dan keenam pasca pemasangan, serta dilakukan penilaian efek samping penggunaan pesarium, yaitu keluhan saluran kemih bagian bawah, vaginitis, dan erosi vagina. Basil : Terdapat 51 SP ikut serta dalam penelitian, dengan 45 SP meneruskan penggunaan pesarium setelah menyelesaikan penelitian dan 6 SP melanjutkan terapi operasi. Penilaian kualitas hidup mendapatkan hasil bermakna pada bulan ketiga dan keenam dibandingkan dengan awal penelitian, baik dengan kuesioner PFDI-20 maupun PFIQ-7. Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbaikan kualitas hidup pasien POP setelah penggunaan pesarium selama 6 bulan.

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Background: Prevalence of womens with pelvic organ prolapse have increased by day, correspond to higher life expectancy. There are many study that observe the best treatment for pelvic organ prolapse. Pessary is one of them, but until now only few literature tells about the effect of this treatment for improving quality of live. Objective: To understand the improvement of quality of life in women with pelvic organ prolapse, before and after six months pessary treatment. Methods: Womens presenting for pessary insertion completed both Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-short form 20 (PFDI-20) and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-short form 7 (PFIQ-7). After successful pessary insertion, subjects were reviewed after 3 and 6 months treatment. Result: There were 51 subjects enrolled in this study, with 45 subjects continued the used of pessary after fmished the study and 6 subjects were changed into surgery. There were statistically and clinically significant improvements of quality of life, after 3 and 6 months treatment with pessary, both using PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 questionnaire. Conclusion: The use of pessary for 6 months reduces symptoms and improves the quality of life in women with pelvic organ prolapse."

"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Inkontinensia urin sampai saat ini masih menjadi masalah bagimasyarakat dunia. Telah ada tiga penelitian yang membandingkan penurunanleher kandung kemih pada kelompok inkontinensia urin jenis stres dankontinensia. Namun penelitian mengenai perbandingan tersebut belum ada diIndonesia sementara hasil penelitian yang telah ada belum dapat digeneralisirpada populasi di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hal tersebut peneliti ingin mengetahuiapakah terdapat perbedaan rerata penurunan leher kandung kemih kelompokinkontinensia urin jenis stres dan kontinensia di Indonesia dengan perbedaan padatiga buah aspek, yaitu aspek penegakan diagnosis, kelompok pembanding, danpengukuran.Tujuan : Menganalisis perbedaan rerata mobilitas leher kandung kemih padainkontinensia urin jenis stres dan kontinensia.Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional. Untuk menjawabpertanyaan penelitian utama dan tambahan digunakan desain deskriptif potonglintang. Populasi target dalam penelitian ini adalah semua perempuan yangmengalami inkontinensia urin jenis stres dan kontinensia di Indonesia. Populasiterjangkau penelitian ini adalah semua perempuan yang mengalami inkontinensiaurin jenis stres dan kontinensia masing-masing 37 orang yang berobat ke UnitRawat Jalan Poliklinik Ginekologi RSCM periode Februari 2014 sampai Januari2015.Hasil : Rerata jarak leher kandung kemih ke simfisis pubis saat istirahat, saatvalsava dan mobilitas leher kandung kemih pada inkontinensia urin jenis stresberturut-turut adalah 26,9 ( SB 3,2) mm, 5 ( -29 - 22) mm dan 24,3 (SB 7,9) mm.Rerata jarak leher kandung kemih ke simfisis pubis saat istirahat, saat valsava danmobilitas leher kandung kemih pada kontinensia berturut-turut adalah 26,9 (SB3,2) mm, 17,6 (SB 5,3) mm dan 10 (SD 4,1) mm. Rerata jarak leher kandungkemih ke simfisis pubis saat valsava pada inkontinensia urin jenis stres lebih kecildibandingkan kontinensia 6,3 (SB 7,1) mm VS 16,3 (SB 5,2) mm, p=0,0001.Rerata mobilitas leher kandung kemih pada inkontinensia urin jenis stres lebihbesar dibandingkan kontinensia 20,8 ( SB 7,0) mm VS 10,0 (SD 4,8) mm,p=0,0001.Kesimpulan : Rerata jarak leher kandung kemih ke simfisis pubis saat valsavapada inkontinensia urin jenis stres lebih kecil dibandingkan kontinensia. Reratamobilitas leher kandung kemih pada inkontinensia urin jenis stres lebih besardibandingkan kontinensia.

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ABSTRACTBackground : Stress urinary incontinence still be the world problem. Variousstudies compared decreasing bladder neck on stress urinary incontinence andcontinence have been done. Research with the same purpose has not been done inIndonesia. Based on that, need to study how the comparison decreasing ofbladder neck between stress urinary incontinence and continence groups inIndonesia with a difference in three aspects, such as diagnostic criteria,comparised group, and the observer.Aim : To analize difference bladder neck mobility on stress urinry incontinenceand continence.Methods : This study was an observational study. Main and additional researchquestions using a cross-sectional design . The target population in this study wereall women who undergo stress urinary incontinence and continence in Indonesia .The population of this study was affordable to all women who undergo stressurinary incontinence and continence were treated to the Outpatient Clinic ofGynecology Unit of Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital in the period Februari 2014 toJanuary 2015.Results : Mean of distance of bladder neck to the symphysis pubic at rest, valsavaand bladder neck mobility on stress urinary incontinence were 26,9 (SD 3,2) mm,5 (-29 - 22) mm and 24,3 (SD 7,9) mm. Mean of distance of bladder neck to thesymphysis pubic at rest, at valsalva and bladder neck mobility on continence were26,9 (SD 3,2) mm, 17,6 (SD 5,3) mm and 10,0 (SD 4,1) mm. There was nodifferences between the distance of bladder neck to the symphysis pubic at rest onstress urinary incontinence and continence 27,1 (SD 3,3) mm VS 26,3 (SD 3,5)mm, p=0,523. Mean of distance of bladder neck to the symphysis pubic atvalsava on stress urinary incontinenc was lower than continence 6,3 (SD 7,1) mmVS 16,3 (SD 5,2) mm, p=0,0001. Mean of bladder neck mobility on stress urinaryincontinence was greater than continence 20,8 ( SD 7,0) mm VS 10,0 (SD 4,8)mm, p=0,0001.Conclusion : Mean of distance of the bladder neck to the symphysis pubic atvalsava on stress urinary incontinenc was lower than continence. Mean ofbladder neck mobility on stress urinary incontinence was greater than continence, Background : Stress urinary incontinence still be the world problem. Variousstudies compared decreasing bladder neck on stress urinary incontinence andcontinence have been done. Research with the same purpose has not been done inIndonesia. Based on that, need to study how the comparison decreasing ofbladder neck between stress urinary incontinence and continence groups inIndonesia with a difference in three aspects, such as diagnostic criteria,comparised group, and the observer.Aim : To analize difference bladder neck mobility on stress urinry incontinenceand continence.Methods : This study was an observational study. Main and additional researchquestions using a cross-sectional design . The target population in this study wereall women who undergo stress urinary incontinence and continence in Indonesia .The population of this study was affordable to all women who undergo stressurinary incontinence and continence were treated to the Outpatient Clinic ofGynecology Unit of Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital in the period Februari 2014 toJanuary 2015.Results : Mean of distance of bladder neck to the symphysis pubic at rest, valsavaand bladder neck mobility on stress urinary incontinence were 26,9 (SD 3,2) mm,5 (-29 - 22) mm and 24,3 (SD 7,9) mm. Mean of distance of bladder neck to thesymphysis pubic at rest, at valsalva and bladder neck mobility on continence were26,9 (SD 3,2) mm, 17,6 (SD 5,3) mm and 10,0 (SD 4,1) mm. There was nodifferences between the distance of bladder neck to the symphysis pubic at rest onstress urinary incontinence and continence 27,1 (SD 3,3) mm VS 26,3 (SD 3,5)mm, p=0,523. Mean of distance of bladder neck to the symphysis pubic atvalsava on stress urinary incontinenc was lower than continence 6,3 (SD 7,1) mmVS 16,3 (SD 5,2) mm, p=0,0001. Mean of bladder neck mobility on stress urinaryincontinence was greater than continence 20,8 ( SD 7,0) mm VS 10,0 (SD 4,8)mm, p=0,0001.Conclusion : Mean of distance of the bladder neck to the symphysis pubic atvalsava on stress urinary incontinenc was lower than continence. Mean ofbladder neck mobility on stress urinary incontinence was greater than continence]"

"ABSTRAKProlaps pada dinding anterior vagina terjadi karena kelemahan jaringan ikat dan fasia puboservikalis yang mengakibatkan turunnya kandung kemih yang dikenal sebagai sistokel, sedangkan prolaps dinding posterior mengakibatkan turunnya rektum, dikenal sebagai rektokel. Kemungkinan terjadinya sistokel dan rektokel dikemudian hari dapat diperkirakan dengan mengetahui titik potong optimal hiatus levator ani.Tujuan : Membandingkan derajat sistokel dan rektokel dengan maksimal area hiatal levator AHL saat Valsava.Metode : Analisa data sekunder 90 pasien prolaps uteri Januari 2012 hingga November 2013 di poliklinik Uroginekologi RSCM, Jakarta. Pengukuran ultrasonografi 3D/4D dan pelvic organ prolapse quantification system POP-Q sistokel derajat I-IV dan rektokel derajat I-IV. Dianalisis dengan stata program 20 for windows.Hasil : Perbedaan bermakna sistokel derajat I-II n=25 dengan derajat III-IV n=65 , maksimal AHL dengan perbedaan sebesar 4,33 cm2 p=0,040 . Pada rektokel derajat I-II n=64 dan derajat III-IV n=26 sebesar 3,85 cm2 p=0,130 . Nilai AUC untuk sistokel derajat I-II dengan III-IV adalah 0,607 IK95 0,467 ndash; 0.738 , untuk rektokel adalah 0,603 IK95 0,472 ndash; 0.734 . Titik potong optimal ROC untuk sistokel derajat I-II dengan III-IV dengan sensitivitas dan spesifitas tertinggi adalah 29 cm2 sensitifitas 0.523, spesifitas 0.520 , pada rektokel adalah 30 cm2 sensitifitas 0.538, spesifitas 0.584 .Simpulan : Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara derajat sistokel dengan area hiatal otot levator ani saat valsava, namun tidak terdapat hubungan pada rektokel. Nilai area under curve maksimal area hiatal otot levator ani dalam membedakan sistokel derajat I-II dan III-IV relatif sama dengan rektokel derajat I-II dan III-IV. Titik potong optimal area hiatal otot levator ani dalam membedakan sistokel derajat I-II dan III-IV adalah 29 cm2, sedangkan untuk rektokel adalah 30 cm2 dengan nilai sensitifitas dan spesifitas yang cukup baik.

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ABSTRACTAbstractBackground the anterior vaginal wall prolapse can occur because of the weakness of the connective tissue and fascia pubocervical resulting decline in the bladder, known as cystocele, while the posterior wall prolapse resulting decline in the rectum, known as rectocele. The possibility of cystocele and rectocele in the future can be predicted by knowing the optimal cut point hiatus levator ani.Objective To compare the degree of cystocele and rectocele with a maximum of levator hiatal area AHL during Valsava.Methods Secondary data analysis of 90 patients with uterine prolapse January 2012 to November 2013 in the clinic Uroginekologi RSCM, Jakarta. 3D 4D ultrasound measurement and pelvic organ prolapse system Quantification POP Q stage I IV cystocele and rectocele stage I IV. Analyzed with Stata program 20 for windows.Results significant difference cystocele stage I II n 25 with stage III IV n 65 , the maximum AHL with a difference of 4.33 cm2 p 0.040 . In rectocele stage I II n 64 and stage III IV n 26 of 3.85 cm2 p 0.130 . AUC values for cystocele stage I II with III IV was 0.607 IK95 from 0.467 to 0738 , for rectocele is 0.603 IK95 from 0.472 to 0734 . ROC optimal cut point for cystocele stage I II with III IV with the highest sensitivity and specificity is 29 cm2 0523 sensitivity, specificity 0520 , the rectocele is 30 cm2 0538 sensitivity, specificity 0584 .Conclusion There was a significant relationship between the degree of cystocele with hiatal area levator ani muscles when Valsava, but there is no relationship at rectocele. The value of area under the curve maximum hiatal area of the levator ani muscle in distinguishing cystocele stage I II and III IV are relatively similar to rectocele stage I II and III IV. Optimal cut point hiatal area of the levator ani muscle in distinguishing cystocele stage I II and III IV is 29 cm2, while for rectocele is 30 cm2 with sensitivity and specificity values were quite good."

"ABSTRAKTUJUAN: Mengetahui perubahan skor kualitas hidup pasien POP pasca tatalaksana pembedahan vagina dengan menggunakan kuesioner PFDI-20 dan PFIQ-7 Di RSCMdan RSFLATAR BELAKANG: Prolaps organ panggul menjadi perhatian utama dalam masalah kesehatan wanita pada semua umur yang sering dihubungkan dengan penurunan kualitas hidup dan menyebabkan gangguan pada kandung kemih, saluran cerna dan disfungsi seksual. Terapinya ialah konservatif dan pembedahan dengan tujuan terapi menghilangkan keluhan untuk mengembalikan kualitas hidup pasiennya sehingga pasien dapat melakukan aktifitas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat perubahan skor kualitas hidup pasien POP pasca tatalaksana pembedahan vagina dengan menggunakan kuesioner PFDI-20 dan PFIQ-7 Di RSCMdan RSF.DESAIN DAN METODE: Desain studi kohort prospektif, dilakukan di RSCM dan RSF periode Juli 2015 hingga Oktober 2016. Subjek dilakukan follow-up penilaian kualitas hidup sebelum dan sesudah terapi bulan ketiga dengan menggunakan kuesioner PFDI-20 dan PFIQ-7 versi Indonesia. Data disajikan secara analisis deskriptif.HASIL: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 25 sampel penelitian dan tidak ada yang di drop out. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasien yang diterapi dengan pembedahan vagina juga terdapat pengurangan skoring kualitas hidup yang bermakna dengan nilai

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ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To determine changes in the quality of life in POP patients after underwent vaginal surgery using PFDI 20 and PFIQ 7 questionnaires at RSCM And RSF.BACKGROUND Pelvic organ prolapse is a major concern in women 39 s health issues at all ages and often associated with reduced quality of life and can cause bladder, gastrointestinal and sexual dysfunction. The treatments are conservative and surgical therapy aiming to eliminate complaints to improve the quality of life of the patient. Therefore, the patients can perform their daily activities. The aim of this study is to evaluate changes in the quality of life scores in POP patients after vaginal surgery using PFDI 20 and PFIQ 7 questionnaires at RSUPN dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo And RSF.DESIGN AND METHODS prospective cohort study, carried out in RSCM and RSF period July 2015 to October 2016. Subject to do follow up assessment of the quality of life before and after the third month of therapy using questionnaires PFDI 20 and PFIQ 7 version of Indonesia. Data presented descriptive analysis.RESULTS In this study, 25 samples were obtained and none dropped out. The results showed significant score reduction in the quality of life in patients treated with vaginal surgery with p "

"Latar Belakang: Terdapat dua teknik dalam reparasi robekan perineum derajat IIIb-IV yaitu teknik jahitan ujung ke ujung end-to-end dan tumpang tindih overlapping. Beberapa penelitian berbeda menunjukkan keterbatasan data untuk membandingkan teknik ujung ke ujung dengan tumpang tindih terhadap kejadian inkontinesia fekal. Tujuan: Mencari perbedaan antara kedua teknik reparasi robekan perineum derajat IIIb-IV secara Fungsional Berdasarkan Skoring Inkontinensia Fekal. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan dengan mengulas data rekam medis RSCM periode 1 Januari 2011 - 31 Desember 2015. Empat puluh delapan rekam medis dengan 39 subjek mendapatkan teknik tumpang tindih dan 9 subjek mendapatkan teknik ujung ke ujung. Dilakukan penilaian skoring inkontinensia dengan SIKC Skoring Inkontinesia Klinik Cleveland dan SSKF Skala Skoring Kontinensia Fekal dan dilakukan analisa Chi-Square dengan alternatif Fischer. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan antara teknik ujung ke ujung dengan tumpang tindih berdasarkan skoring SSKF p = 0,627 dan SIKC p = 0,627 . Berdasarkan SSKF terdapat 2,1 Inkontinensia Komplit dan 79,2 Kontinensia Komplit pada teknik tumpang tindih dan 18,8 Kontinensia Komplit pada teknik ujung ke ujung. Berdasarkan SIKC terdapat 2,1 Inkontinensia Komplit, 6,2 Kontinensia Baik, 72,9 Kontinensia Sempurna pada Teknik Tumpang Tindih dan 18,8 Kontinensia Sempurna pada teknik lainnya. Kesimpulan: Didapatkan bahwa 2,1 menderita inkontinensia fekal pada teknik tumpang tindih, sementara tidak didapatkan inkontinensia fekal pada teknik ujung ke ujung.

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Background: There are two technique in repairing perineal ruptured grade IIIb IV which is End to End Technique and Overlapping Technique. Some studies showned differents outcome and also limited data that compare these two technique based on fecal incontinence.

Purpose: To show that there is a different between both technique on perineal reparation by functional based on Fecal Incontinence Scoring.

Methods: This cross sectional was done by reviewing medical record in RSCM from January 1st 2011 until 31st December 2015. Forty nine medical record taken as sample and found that 39 with overlapping technique and 9 with end to end technique. Performed by incontinencia fecal scoring using CCIS Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Scoring and FCSS Fecal Continence Scoring Scale and analyzed by Chi Square witn Fischer as alternative.

Results: There is no different between overlapping technique and end to end technique by FCSS p value 0,627 and CCIS p value 0,627 . Based on FCSS there are 2,1 compkete incontinence and 79,2 complete continence in Overlapping technique and 18,8 complete continence I End to End technique. Based on CCIS there are 2,1 complete incontinence, 6,2 good continence, 72,9 perfect continence in Overlapping technique and 18,8 perfect continence in other technique.

Conclusion: There are 2,1 found fecal incontinence in Overlapping technique, while no fecal incontinence in End to End technique."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Avulsi levator ani merupakan lepasnya otot puborektalis dari insersinya pada dinding pelvis. Kejadian ini seringkali terjadi akibat trauma persalinan pervaginam dan dapat menyebabkan gejala uroginekologi beberapa tahun kemudian. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui proporsi avulsi levator ani menggunakan ultrasonografi 3D/4D dan menentukan faktor-faktor persalinan pervaginam yang berkontribusi pada terjadinya avulsi levator ani diantara pasien dengan gejala prolaps organ panggul. Metode: Studi potong-lintang dilakukan pada pasien dengan gejala prolaps organ panggul di Poliklinik Uroginekologi RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta. Secara retrospektif dan prospektif dilakukan pengumpulan data sejak Januari 2012 hingga April 2017 dengan pemeriksaan klinis menggunakan POP-Q dan ultrasonografi 3D/4D transperineal untuk menilai otot levator ani.Hasil: Dari total 127 pasien prolaps organ panggul yang dimasukkan sebagai subjek memiliki median usia 61 26-80 tahun, median paritas 3 0-13 dengan 2 pasien nuligravida dan 2 pasien menjalani persalinan hanya dengan seksio sesarea. Sebanyak 10 subjek 7.9 , IK95 3.1-12.6 terdeteksi adanya avulsi levator ani menggunakan USG 3D/4D transperineal. Diantara kelompok avulsi tersebut dilakukan analisis dengan mengeksklusi 4 pasien tanpa persalinan pervaginam. Dari total 123 pasien, median usia pertama melahirkan adalah 26 18-31 tahun, p=0.156; median jumlah persalinan pervaginam adalah paritas 3 1-9 , p=0.19; riwayat persalinan dengan forsep hanya terdapat 1 kasus 10 , p=0.081; riwayat persalinan dengan vakum 10 , p=0.35, dari total 5 kasus vakum; dan berat lahir bayi terbesar dengan median 3470 3100-3700 gram, p=0.752.Kesimpulan: Proporsi avulsi levator ani pada pasien prolaps organ panggul di Poliklinik RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo sebesar 7.9 . Faktor risko obstetri seperti usia pertama melahirkan, jumlah persalinan pervaginam, riwayat persalinan dengan forsep, riwayat persalinan dengan vakum dan berat lahir bayi terbesar tidak dapat disimpulkan hubungannya dengan terjadinya avulsi levator ani.

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ABSTRACTBackground Avulsion of levator ani could arise from detachment of puborectalis muscle form its insertion on the pelvic sidewall. This manifest is a common consequence of vaginal childbirth trauma and could represent urogynecological symptoms many years later. Objective To estimate the proportion of levator ani avulsion using 3D or 4D ultrasound and determine the vaginal birth factors that contribute to levator ani avulsion among the symptomatics of pelvic organ prolapse women. Methods Cross sectional study was conducted among women with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse in Urogynecology Clinic RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta. Patients were retrospective and prospectively investigated from January 2012 until April 2017 by clinical examination using POP Q system and 3D 4D imaging of levator ani muscle.Results A total 127 women with pelvic organ prolapse were included in this study, median age was 61 26 80 years, median parity was 3 0 13 with 2 patients were nulligravid and 2 patients have giving birth by c section only. There were 10 cases 7.9, IK95 3.1 12.6 levator avulsion by transperineal 3D 4D US exam. In the group of levator avulsion, 4 cases without history vaginal birth were excluded. Of total 123 patients, first age delivery median was 26 18 31 years, p 0.156 vaginal birth parity median was 3 1 9, p 0.19 1 case forceps delivery 10, p 0.081 vacuum delivery 10, p 0.35, from total vacuum history was 5 cases and maximum birthweight median mas 3470 3100 3700 gram, p 0.752.Conclusion Proportion of levator avulsion in women with pelvic organ prolaps at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo was 7.9 . First age delivery, vaginal birth parity, forceps delivery, vacuum delivery, dan maximum birth weight as obstetric factors cannot be concluded these association to levator avulsion."

"Angka bedah sesar di Indonesia tergolong tinggi, sebesar 29,6 . Hal ini juga berdampak pada tingginya komplikasi luaran klinis dan pembiayaan. Bedah sesar dipengaruhi berbagai faktor yaitu alasan klinis, pilihan pasien, dan tenaga kesehatan. Bagaimana sikap tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia merupakan faktor yang belum diteliti.Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan sikap dokter kebidanan di RS pendidikan dan non-pendidikan Jakarta mengenai pilihan jenis persalinan, pengaruh jenis RS, dan tipe pembayaran terhadap sikap dokter serta perbedaan pengetahuan terkait etik dan pengaruhnya terhadap sikap.Digunakan desain potong lintang dengan alat bantu kuesioner. Responden dipilih secara acak. Pengambilan data untuk proses validasi kuesioner berlangsung tiga kali mulai Desember 2016 hingga Maret 2018.Didapat 30 dokter kebidanan RS pendidikan dan 31 non-pendidikan. Sebagian besar sikap dokter adalah baik p=1,0 . Terdapat perbedaan sikap saat berpraktik di RS tipe berbeda p=0,004 , dengan tipe pembayaran berbeda, baik pada kelompok RS pendidikan p=0,032 maupun non-pendidikan p=0,004 . Pengetahuan terkait etik kedua kelompok adalah baik p=0,59 dan memiliki efek protektif terhadap sikap dokter RS pendidikan OR=0,043; 95 CI 0,003 ndash;0,564 dan non-pendidikan OR=0,076; 95 CI 0,006 ndash;0,889 .Disimpulkan sikap dokter kebidanan adalah baik dengan tidak ada perbedaan sikap maupun pengetahuan terkait etik antara dokter kebidanan RS pendidikan dan non-pendidikan Jakarta.

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Indonesia rsquo s cesarean section CS rate is high, 29,6 . This has impact to clinical outcome and health expenses. CS determination is due to several factors such as clinical reason, patient preference, and health care provider. Research on obstetrician attitude toward delivery mode choices in Indonesia is not found yet.Research aim is knowing the difference of obstetrician attitude toward delivery mode rsquo s choice at teaching and non teaching hospital in Jakarta, the influence of hospital type and payment type to the obstetrician rsquo s attitudes, and ethical related knowledge as well as its effect on obstetrician rsquo s attitude.Cross sectional study was conducted using questionnaire. Respondents were randomized. Data retrieval was done three times for questionnaire validation since December 2016 to March 2018.The majority attitude of 30 respondents in teaching hospital and 31 in non teaching hospital is good p 1.0 . There is attitude difference while obstetrician work in different hospital type p 0.004 and different payment rsquo s type, both for obstetrician in teaching hospital p 0.032 and non teaching hospital p 0.004 . Ethical related knowledge is good p 0.59 and has protective effect to obstetrician rsquo s attitude in teaching hospital OR 0,043 95 CI 0,003 ndash 0,564 and non teaching hospital OR 0,076 95 CI 0,006 ndash 0,889 .In summary, obstetrician rsquo s attitude in Jakarta toward delivery mode choices is good. There is no attitude difference nor ethical knowledge difference between obstetricians whose work in teaching and non teaching hospital. "

"LATAR BELAKANG. Prolaps organ panggul menimbulkan keluhan kelemahan dasar panggul yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup seorang wanita. Prolaps organ urogenital dialami oleh 30-50 wanita yang berusia 20-59 tahun. Penanganan yang tepat dan dini untuk mengatasi gangguan tersebut menjadi salah satu upaya efektif. Untuk dapat melakukan penanganan dini maka diperlukan pengenalan awal terhadap penilaian prolaps organ panggul dengan keluhan minimal pada pasien. Sebelumnya studi yang dilakukan pada 296 wanita usia diatas 40 tahun, didapatkan penurunan vagina 0,5 cm di bawah himen dapat memprediksi secara akurat gejala penonjolan atau penurunan organ. Di Indonesia belum terdapat penelitian mengenai ambang batas prolaps organ panggul yang dapat memperkirakan munculnya keluhan kelemahan dasar panggul. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkirakan ambang batas timbulnya keluhan kelemahan dasar panggul, diketahuinya prevalensi kasus POP di RSCM dan diketahuinya sensitifitas dan spesifisitas kuesioner PFDI-20 dalam menilai keluhan POP. METODE. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu studi potong lintang. Data diambil dari pemeriksaan langsung POP-Q dan wawancara kuesioner PFDI-20 . Dilakukan di Poli ginekologi dan uroginekologi RSCM sejak bulan Juli 2017 hingga November 2017. HASIL. Pada penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa dari 385 orang subyek penelitian didapat 13 mengalami prolaps organ panggul dengan proporsi masing-masing 11.2 mengalami prolaps uteri, 12.3 sistokel, dan 11.7 mengalami rektokel. Uji validitas dengan Pearson test dan reliabilitas dari kuesioner PFDI-20 menunjukan hasil valid dan reliabel. Penurunan sejauh 2.5 cm diatas himen yaitu prolapse derajat 1 sudah bisa menimbulkan keluhan penurunan organ panggul. Sedangkan untuk komponen keluhan pada kuesioner didapat PDFI-16 AUC 0.828 ndash; 0.860, IK 95 dan PFDI-19 AUC 0.831 - 0.854, IK 95 yaitu keluhan sulit menahan kemih dan sulit berkemih dianggap sebagai keluhan penurunan organ panggul yang lebih dini dirasakan oleh subyek penelitian. KESIMPULAN. Kuesioner PFDI-20 dapat digunakan sebagai skrining keluhan prolaps organ panggul. Ambang batas prolaps organ panggul yaitu jarak 2,5 cm diatas himen didalam vagina mulai menunjukkan adanya keluhan. Kata Kunci. Prolaps organ panggul, prolaps uteri, sistokel, rektokel.

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BACKGROUND. Prolaps of pelvic organs lead to complaints of pelvic floor weakness that may affect a woman 39;s quality of life. Urogenital organ prolapse is experienced by 30-50 of women aged 20-59 years. Proper treatment and early diagnosis of these disorders become one of effective efforts. To be able to perform early treatment is required early recognition of the assessment of pelvic organ prolapse with minimal complaints in patients. Previous studies conducted on 296 women over the age of 40 years, resulted a 0.5 cm vaginal protruded under the hymen can accurately predict symptoms of protrusion or prolapse of pelvic organ. In Indonesia there has been no research on pelvic organ prolapse thresholds that can estimate complaints of pelvic floor weakness. This study is aim to reveal of pelvic organ prolapse thresholds that can estimate complains of pelvic floor weakness, the prevalence of POP cases in RSCM and the sensitivity and specificity of PFDI-20 questionnare in assessing POP complaints. METHOD. This study is a cross sectional study. Data was taken from direct examination POP-Q and interview PFDI-20 questionnaire . Performed in the Gynecology and Urogynecology outpatient clinic at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July 2017 to November 2017 RESULTS. From 385 subjects, 13 had pelvic organ prolapse with proportion of 11.2 having uterine prolapse, 12.3 cystocele, and 11.7 had rectocele. Validity test with Pearson test and reliability of PFDI-20 questionnaire showed valid and reliable results. A decrease of 2.5 cm above the hymen ie 1st degree of prolapse can lead to early complaints of pelvic organ descent. As for the complaint component of the questionnaire revealed that PDFI-16 AUC 0.828 - 0.860, 95 IK and PFDI-19 AUC 0.831 - 0.854, 95 IK , that is difficult to resist urinary complaints and difficult in micturition, is considered an early complaint of pelvic organ felt by subjects. CONCLUSION. The PFDI-20 questionnaire can be used as a screening for pelvic organ prolapse complaints. The pelvic organ pelvic prolapse threshold of 2.5 cm above the hymen inside the vagina begins to show a complaint. Keywords. Pelvic organ prolapse, uterine prolapse, cystocele, rectocele"

"Latar Belakang: Prolaps Organ Panggul (POP) dikelompokkan menjadi prolaps dinding anterior, posterior dan puncak vagina. 40% wanita dengan POP dinding anterior vagina memiliki elongasio serviks yang akan mempengaruhi tatalaksana pembedahan POP. Terdapat beberapa alat untuk mengukur panjang serviks, diantaranya Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantifications System (POP-Q), dengan mengukur perbedaan titik C dan D. Sampai saat ini belum terdapat penelitian yang menguji sensitivitas, spesifisitas dan akurasi pemeriksaan POP-Q dalam mengukur panjang serviks untuk mendiagnosis elongasio serviks pada pasien POP. Tujuan: Diketahuinya nilai sensitivitas, spesifisitas dan akurasi POP-Q untuk menilai panjang serviks sebagai diagnosis elongasio serviks pada pasien POP dengan baku emas pengukuran anatomi serviks dari hasil histerektomi. Metode: Uji diagnosis, potong lintang, consecutive sampling. Data diambil dari pemeriksaan POP-Q dan pengukuran anatomi serviks dari hasil histerektomi. Hasil: 66 subjek, 1.5% POP derajat 2, 45.5% POP derajat 3 dan 53.0 % POP derajat 4. Rerata (± sb) usia dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) berturut-turut 59.88 tahun (± 9.347) dan 24.41 (± 3.67) kg/m2. Median (min-maks) PS POPQ dan PS Anatomi berturut-turut 4 cm (1-12) dan 5 cm (3-10). Sensitivitas, Spesifisitas dan Akurasi POP-Q berturut-turut 79%, 58% dan 68%. Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan POPQ memiliki spesifitas yang baik (79%) tetapi dengan sensitivitas yang kurang baik (58%) dan akurasi 68% untuk diagnosis elongasio serviks pada prolaps organ panggul.

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Background: Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) categorized as anterior, posterior and apical prolapse. 40% women with anterior POP have cervical elongation. Cervical elongation will make difference in surgical POP treatment. There are several tool for measure cervical length, one of them is Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantifications System (POP-Q), by measure difference in point C and D. Until now, there is no research to measure sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of POP-Q to measure cervical length for cervical elongation diagnose in POP patients. Objective: To know sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of POP-Q to measure cervical length for cervical elongation diagnose in POP patients with gold standard was anatomical cervical length from hysterectomy result. Methode: Diagnosis research, cross sectional, consecutive sampling. POP-Q was taken before operation and anatomi cervical length was from hysterectomy result. Result: 66 subject, 1.5% 2nd degree POP, 45.5% 3rd degree POP, and 53.0 % 4th degree POP. Mean (± sd) age and body mass index consecutively 59.88 years (± 9.347) and 24.41 (± 3.67) kg/m2. Median (min-max) cervical length POP-Q and anatomy consecutively 4 cm (1-12) and 5 cm (3-10). Sensitivity, Spesifisity dan Accuracy POP-Q consecutively 79%, 58% dan 68%. Conclussion: POPQ has good specificity (79%) but with less sensitivity (58%) with accuracy 68% to diagnose cervical elongation in POP."