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"Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pasta gigi pemutih terhadap kekerasan mikro email. Sampel yang digunakan adalah email gigi premolar manusia dan secara acak dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok: 1-Pepsodent Whitening, 2- Formula Sparkling White, 3-Pepsodent Regular. Kekerasan mikro email diukur sebelum penyikatan, setelah penyikatan setara 1 dan 3 bulan oleh Knoop Microhardness Tester. Penyikatan dengan pasta gigi pemutih setara 1 bulan tidak menurunkan kekerasan mikro email secara signifikan, namun pada penyikatan setara 3 bulan terjadi penurunan kekerasan mikro email secara signifikan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyikatan dengan pasta gigi pemutih berpotensi menurunkan ketahanan email terhadap karies setelah penggunaan jangka panjang.

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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of whitening toothpaste on enamel microhardness. Human enamel samples were obtained from premolars and randomly divided into three groups: 1-Pepsodent Whitening, 2-Formula Sparkling White, 3-Pepsodent Regular. Microhardness testing was performed with a Knoop Microhardness Tester before brushing, after brushing for one and three months. There were no significant decrease in enamel microhardness values after one month brushing with whitening toothpaste, but after three months brushing there were significant decrease in enamel microhardness. It was concluded that whitening toothpaste has a potential to decrease enamel resistance to caries after using for a prolonged time."

"Tujuan: Reliabilitas dan validitas kuesioner COHIP-SF 19 versi Bahasa Indonesia. Metode: Dibuat berdasarkan pedoman proses adaptasi cross-cultural. Penelitian dilakukan pada 548 anak usia 12 - 15 tahun dari enam SMP Negeri di Jakarta yang dipilih secara acak. Tes psikometrik mencakup konsistensi internal, reliabilitas test-retest, validitas diskriminan, dan validitas konvergen. Hasil: Mean usia subjek penelitian adalah 13,3 tahun (SD 0,9) dan 54% subjek penelitian merupakan perempuan. Mean COHIP-SF 19 adalah 57,8 (SD 8,8) dan mediannya adalah 58 (rentang 27 - 75). Konsistensi internal dan reliabilitas test-retest COHIP-SF 19 sangat baik dengan nilai Chronbach’s alpha 0,83 dan intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) 0,81. Anak-anak dengan decay aktif, PUFA positif, rongga mulut tidak bersih, atau gingivitis memiliki skor COHIP-SF 19 yang lebih rendah secara signifikan (P ≤ 0,030). Korelasi antara skor COHIP-SF 19 dan masing-masing domain, dengan tingkat keparahan klinis dan penilaian diri terhadap kesehatan umum atau kesehatan rongga mulut setelah disesuaikan dengan usia, jenis kelamin, dan sekolah sangat rendah hingga rendah (│rs│ = 0,04 – 0,27, P ≤ 0,028). Kesimpulan: COHIP-SF 19 versi Bahasa Indonesia berhasil dibuat untuk digunakan sebagai instrumen OHRQoL pada anak-anak usia sekolah di Indonesia. Konsistensi internal, reliabilitas test-retest, validitas diskriminan, dan validitas konvergen COHIP-SF 19 versi Bahasa Indonesia sudah dibuktikan.

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Objectives: Assessing reliability and validity of COHIP-SF 19 Indonesian version.

Methods: Developed according to the guidelines for the cross-cultural adaptation process. The instrument was tested among 548 children age 12 – 15 years old, from randomly selected six junior high school in Jakarta. The psychometric test include internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, and convergent validity.

Results: Mean age of the participants was 13,3 years (SD 0,9) and 54% of the participants were girls. The mean score was 57,8 (SD 8,8) and the median was 58 (range 27-75). The internal consistency and test-retest reliability was excellent with Chronbach’s alpha 0,83 and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) 0,81. Children with active decay, positive PUFA, not clean oral cavity, or gingivitis had significantly lower scores (P ≤ 0,030). Correlation between COHIP-SF 19 score, subscale scores and clinical severity as well as self-rated general or oral health were very low to low (│rs│ = 0,04 - 0,27, P ≤ 0,028), after adjustment for children’s age, gender, and school.

Conclusion: The Indonesian version of COHIP-SF 19 was successfully developed to be used as an OHRQoL instrument for Indonesian school-age children. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, and convergent validity of COHIP-SF 19 Indonesian version were confirmed."

"Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini digunakan untuk menentukkan validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner C-OIDP pada anak SMP dengan rentang usia 12-15 tahun di Wilayah DKI Jakarta. Metode: Versi Bahasa dari C-OIDP dibentuk sesuai dengan pedoman proses adaptasi cross-cultural. Penelitian dilakukan pada 502 anak usia 12 - 15 tahun dari enam SMP Negeri di Jakarta yang dipilih secara acak. Tes psikometrik mencakup konsistensi internal, reliabilitas test-retest, validitas diskriminan, dan validitas konvergen. Hasil: mean usia subyek penelitian adalah 13.3 tahun (SD ± 0.9) dan 54% subyek penelitian merupakan perempuan. Mean C-OIDP dari peserta adalah 3.49, (SD ±5.61). Konsistensi internal dan reliabilitas test-retest C-OIDP dengan nilai Chronbach’s alpha 0.72 dan intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.61. anak-anak dengan decay aktif, PUFA positif, rongga mulut tidak bersih, atau gingivitis memiliki skor C-OIDP yang lebih rendah secara signifikan (P ≤ 0.001). Dua per tiga (64.9%) dari sampel memiliki paling sedikit satu dampak oral yang berpengaruh pada performa keseharian. Kesimpulan: C-OIDP versi Bahasa Indonesia berhasil dibuat untuk digunakan sebagai instrumen OHRQoL pada anak-anak usia 12-15 di Indonesia.

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Obejctives: The aim of this study is to assess validity and reliability an Indonesian Version of C-OIDP in among 12-15 years old high-school-children in Jakarta.

Method: The Indonesian version of C-OIDP was developed according to the guidelines for the cross-cultural adaptation process. The Indonesian version was tested for reliability and validity on random sample of 502, 12–15 years old school children in Jakarta. Psychometric analysis of the Indonesian Child-OIDP involved construct validity tests as well as internal and test-retest reliability.

Result: Mean age of the participants was 13.3, (SD± 0.9) and 46% of the student are males, 54% are females. Crohnbach’s alpha value was 0.72. In terms of test-retest reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.61. Two-third (64.9%) of the sample had oral impact affecting one or more performances in the past 3 months. The mean of C-OIDP score was 3.49 (SD±5.61). The construct validity was confirmed by C-OIDP scores being significantly associated with oral health condition.The Spearman’s correlation coefficients significant (all p<0.001).

Conclusion: This study indicates that the Indonesian Child-OIDP index is a valid and reliable measure to be used as an OHRQoL index among 12–15 years old children in Indonesia."

"Menganalisa efek susu dan teh hitam terhadap demineralisasi email gigi. Mahkota 30 gigi premolar dipersiapkan membentuk kubus gigi (6mm3). Permukaan oklusal dibentuk jendela oklusal dengan menggunakan stiker berukuran 3x5mm2 dan seluruh permukaan gigi lainnya dilapisi dengan varnis tahan asam. Sampel dibagi secara acak ke dalam tiga kelompok dan direndam selama 26 menit dalam larutan remineralisasi: Grup A-susu dan teh hitam ; Grup B-susu ; Grup C-akuabides. Setelah 3 hari perendaman dalam larutan demineralisasi dengan pH 4.4, gigi di scan menggunakan micro-CT. Demineralisasi ditunjukkan dengan mean grey value (MGV). MGV dan standar deviasi pada tiap kelompok secara berurutan adalah: 90.78 ± 19.09, 98.14 ± 24.01, 81.10 ± 20.29. MGV antara ketiga kelompok berbeda bermakna (p<0.05), kecuali antara grup A dan B. Aplikasi menggunakan susu saja menunjukkan efek protektif yang lebih tinggi terhadap demineralisasi dibandingkan dengan aplikasi susu dan teh hitam.

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This study is aimed to analyze the effect of milk and tea on demineralization of tooth enamel. The coronal parts of 30 sound premolars were prepared into tooth blocks (6mm3). An unvarnished occlusal surface window was created for each tooth by covering the occlusal surface with a 3x5mm2 sticker and painting other surfaces with an acid-resistant varnish. These blocks were randomly allocated into three groups immersed in remineralizing solutions for 26 minutes, respectively: Group A - milk and tea; Group B - milk ; and Group C - deionezed water. After 3 days immersion in a buffered demineralization solution at pH 4.4, micro-CT scans were taken. Demineralization was represented by the mean grey value (MGV). MGV and the standard deviation for each group respectively is: 90.78 ± 19.09, 98.14 ± 24.01, 81.10 ± 20.29. The MGV between the three groups were statistically significant (p<0.05), except between group A and B. Application using only milk showed higher protective effect against demineralization compared to application using milk and black tea."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan status kesehatan gingiva yang dilihat dari perubahan indeks plak dan indeks gingiva setelah pemakaian pasta gigi berbahan aktif Dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (GK2) dan Isopropyl methylphenol (IPMP). Dalam penelitian, 59 subjek dengan gingivitis ringan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol (menyikat gigi dengan pasta gigi kontrol) sebanyak 30 orang dan kelompok uji (menyikat gigi dengan pasta gigi berbahan aktif GK2 dan IPMP) sebanyak 29 orang. Subjek diberikan sikat gigi yang sama dan diinstruksikan untuk menyikat gigi dua kali sehari dengan metode Bass dan teknik single rinse selama dua menit. Skor indeks plak dan indeks gingiva diukur sebelum, setelah dua bulan, dan tiga bulan pemakaian pasta gigi pada pagi hari sebelum makan. Skor indeks plak dan indeks gingiva mengalami penurunan yang bermakna setelah tiga bulan pemakaian pada kedua jenis pasta gigi. Terjadi penurunan skor indeks plak dan indeks gingiva yang lebih besar pada kelompok uji, tetapi secara statistik tidak berbeda bermakna dengan kelompok kontrol. Pasta gigi berbahan aktif GK2 dan IPMP memiliki potensi yang lebih baik dalam meningkatkan status kesehatan gingiva.

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The aim of this study is to investigate change in gingival health status based on the change of plaque index and gingival index after the usage of toothpaste with active ingredients: Dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (GK2) and Isopropyl methylphenol (IPMP). In this study, fifty nine subjects with mild gingivitis were divided into two groups which are control group (using control toothpaste) consist of thirty subjects and experimental group (using toothpaste with active ingredients: GK2 and IPMP) consist of twenty nine subjects. Subjects were given the same toothbrush and instructed to brush their teeth twice a day by Bass method and single-rinse technique for two minutes. Plaque index and gingival index scores were measured before, after two months, three month of toothpaste usage in the morning before meal. Plaque index and gingival index scores decreased significantly after three months usage of both types of toothpaste. There was a greater decrease in plaque index and gingival index scores in experimental group, but statistically there was no significant difference than control group. Toothpaste with active ingredients: GK2 and IPMP have a greater potential in improving gingival health status."

"Penggunaan pasta gigi pemutih mungkin memiliki efek samping. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan kekasaran email sesudah penyikatan dengan pasta gigi pemutih. 30 spesimen premolar dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yang masing-masing disikat dengan Pepsodent Whitening, Formula Sparkling White dan Pepsodent Regular. Penyikatan secara in vitro dilakukan setara satu bulan dan tiga bulan. Pengukuran kekasaran email menggunakan surface roughness tester. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan nilai kekasaran yang bermakna sesudah penyikatan setara satu bulan dan tiga bulan untuk ketiga kelompok pasta. Peningkatan kekasaran email tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok Pepsodent Whitening.

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Using whitening toothpaste may have side effect. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of whitening toothpaste on enamel roughness. 30 specimens of premolar were divided into three groups: Pepsodent Whitening, Formula Sparkling White and Pepsodent Regular. Toothbrushing were performed in vitro equal to 1 and 3 months. Surface roughness tester was used to determine enamel roughness. There were changes statistically significant in enamel roughness after 1 and 3 months-toothbrushing in all groups. Pepsodent Whitening significantly increased enamel roughness more than Formula Sparkling White and Pepsodent Regular."

"[ABSTRAKTujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara status kesehatan gigi terhadap kualitas hidup anak usia 5 tahun menggunakan Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five Year-Old (SOHO-5c). Metode: studi analitik korelatif dan komparatif dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan kuisioner SOHO-5c dan pemeriksaan skor def-t pada 100 anak di TKIT As-Sa?adah dan TKIT Buah Hati, serta uji realiabilitas dan validitas kuisioner SOHO-5c. Hasil: Reliabilitas internal dan eksternal SOHO-5c (Cronbach?s alpha=0,713 dan ICC=0,995). Tingkat pendidikan ibu memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan status kesehatan gigi (p=0,02), status kesehatan gigi memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kualitas hidup anak (p=0,01). Korelasi positif bermakna antara SOHO-5c dengan precieved oral health dan SOHO-5c dengan skor total def-t (r=0,48; r=0,47). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pendidikan ibu dengan status kesehatan gigi anak dan kualitas hidup anak (SOHO-5c), serta status kesehatan gigi anak dengan kualitas hidup anak (SOHO-5c).ABSTRACTObjective: To determine the relationship between dental health status and quality of life of 5 years old children using Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five Year-Old (SOHO-5c). Methods: correlative and comparative analytic study with cross sectional study design using SOHO-5c questionnaires and oral examination with def-t scores on 100 children in TKIT As-Sa'adah and TKIT Buah Hati, reliability and validity test of SOHO-5c questionnaire. Results: Internal and external reliability of SOHO-5c (Cronbach's alpha=0,713 dan ICC=0,995). Mother's education level has a significant relationship with dental health status (p=0,02), dental health status has a significant relationship with child's quality of life (p=0,01). A significant positive correlation between the SOHO-5c with precieved oral health and SOHO-5c with total score def-t (r=0,48; r=0,47). Conclusion: there is a significant correlation between mother?s education level with child dental health status and child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c), as well as dental health status of children with the child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c).;Objective: To determine the relationship between dental health status and quality of life of 5 years old children using Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five Year-Old (SOHO-5c). Methods: correlative and comparative analytic study with cross sectional study design using SOHO-5c questionnaires and oral examination with def-t scores on 100 children in TKIT As-Sa'adah and TKIT Buah Hati, reliability and validity test of SOHO-5c questionnaire. Results: Internal and external reliability of SOHO-5c (Cronbach's alpha=0,713 dan ICC=0,995). Mother's education level has a significant relationship with dental health status (p=0,02), dental health status has a significant relationship with child's quality of life (p=0,01). A significant positive correlation between the SOHO-5c with precieved oral health and SOHO-5c with total score def-t (r=0,48; r=0,47). Conclusion: there is a significant correlation between mother?s education level with child dental health status and child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c), as well as dental health status of children with the child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c).;Objective: To determine the relationship between dental health status and quality of life of 5 years old children using Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five Year-Old (SOHO-5c). Methods: correlative and comparative analytic study with cross sectional study design using SOHO-5c questionnaires and oral examination with def-t scores on 100 children in TKIT As-Sa'adah and TKIT Buah Hati, reliability and validity test of SOHO-5c questionnaire. Results: Internal and external reliability of SOHO-5c (Cronbach's alpha=0,713 dan ICC=0,995). Mother's education level has a significant relationship with dental health status (p=0,02), dental health status has a significant relationship with child's quality of life (p=0,01). A significant positive correlation between the SOHO-5c with precieved oral health and SOHO-5c with total score def-t (r=0,48; r=0,47). Conclusion: there is a significant correlation between mother?s education level with child dental health status and child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c), as well as dental health status of children with the child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c).;Objective: To determine the relationship between dental health status and quality of life of 5 years old children using Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five Year-Old (SOHO-5c). Methods: correlative and comparative analytic study with cross sectional study design using SOHO-5c questionnaires and oral examination with def-t scores on 100 children in TKIT As-Sa'adah and TKIT Buah Hati, reliability and validity test of SOHO-5c questionnaire. Results: Internal and external reliability of SOHO-5c (Cronbach's alpha=0,713 dan ICC=0,995). Mother's education level has a significant relationship with dental health status (p=0,02), dental health status has a significant relationship with child's quality of life (p=0,01). A significant positive correlation between the SOHO-5c with precieved oral health and SOHO-5c with total score def-t (r=0,48; r=0,47). Conclusion: there is a significant correlation between mother?s education level with child dental health status and child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c), as well as dental health status of children with the child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c).;Objective: To determine the relationship between dental health status and quality of life of 5 years old children using Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five Year-Old (SOHO-5c). Methods: correlative and comparative analytic study with cross sectional study design using SOHO-5c questionnaires and oral examination with def-t scores on 100 children in TKIT As-Sa'adah and TKIT Buah Hati, reliability and validity test of SOHO-5c questionnaire. Results: Internal and external reliability of SOHO-5c (Cronbach's alpha=0,713 dan ICC=0,995). Mother's education level has a significant relationship with dental health status (p=0,02), dental health status has a significant relationship with child's quality of life (p=0,01). A significant positive correlation between the SOHO-5c with precieved oral health and SOHO-5c with total score def-t (r=0,48; r=0,47). Conclusion: there is a significant correlation between mother?s education level with child dental health status and child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c), as well as dental health status of children with the child?s quality of life (SOHO-5c)., Objective: To determine the relationship between dental health status and quality of life of 5 years old children using Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five Year-Old (SOHO-5c). Methods: correlative and comparative analytic study with cross sectional study design using SOHO-5c questionnaires and oral examination with def-t scores on 100 children in TKIT As-Sa'adah and TKIT Buah Hati, reliability and validity test of SOHO-5c questionnaire. Results: Internal and external reliability of SOHO-5c (Cronbach's alpha=0,713 dan ICC=0,995). Mother's education level has a significant relationship with dental health status (p=0,02), dental health status has a significant relationship with child's quality of life (p=0,01). A significant positive correlation between the SOHO-5c with precieved oral health and SOHO-5c with total score def-t (r=0,48; r=0,47). Conclusion: there is a significant correlation between mother’s education level with child dental health status and child’s quality of life (SOHO-5c), as well as dental health status of children with the child’s quality of life (SOHO-5c).]"

"Latar Belakang:Media sosial kini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mencari informasi kesehatan, khususnya oleh para remaja. Namun, masih sangat sedikit penelitian yang membahas mengenai hal ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui preferensi remaja dalam menggunakan media sosial untuk mencari informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap preferensi ini. Metode:Penelitiandengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan dengan subjek 521 siswa SMP di 5 wilayah kota Jakartapada bulan Oktober 2019.Seluruh subjek diminta untuk melengkapi kuesioner yang berisi34 pertanyaan meliputi profil responden, self-perceived oral health,dandata penggunaan media sosial. Digunakan uji Chi-squareuntuk analisis statistik.Hasil:Mayoritas remaja memiliki preferensi untukmenggunakan media sosial, hanya 6,7% yang tidakmenggunakan media sosial untuk mencari informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Google adalah situs yang paling sering dikunjungi untuk mencari informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut (76,8%) sedangkanYouTube adalah situs yang paling diinginkan remaja untuk memperoleh informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut (57,2%). Self-perceived oral healthyang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap frekuensi penggunaan media sosial Google untuk mencari informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulutantara lainkebiasaan mencari informasi mengenai gigi berlubang (OR: 1,80; p=0,010), pembersihan karang gigi (OR: 1,87; p=0,014), memutihkan gigi (OR: 2,20; p<,001), bau mulut (OR: 1,94; p=0,010), dan sariawan (OR: 2,861, 95% CI: 1,664-4,921; p<0,001). Sementara itu, jenis kelamin (OR: 0,56; p=0,002), persepsi remaja bahwa gigi mereka rapi (OR: 1,54; p=0,019), dan kepuasan terhadap warna gigi (OR: 1,66; p=0,008) secara signifikanberpengaruh terhadap keinginan remaja untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai kesehatan gigi dan mulut melalui YouTube.Kesimpulan:Dalam penelitian ini, remaja sebagian besar memiliki preferensi untuk mencari informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut melalui media sosial. Hal ini mengindikasikan perlunya perhatian dari tenaga kesehatan profesional untuk menciptakan intervensi kesehatan gigi dan mulut berbasis media sosial, khususnya melalui YouTubekarena lebih cost-effective dan mampu meraih audiens yang lebih luas.

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Background: Social media can now be used to seek oral health information, especially for adolescents. However, only a few studies had been conducted on this matter. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess adolescents’ preference to use social media to receive oral health information and factors associated with this preference. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, including 521 middle school students in 5 regions in Jakarta on October 2019. All the subjects were asked to fill in a questionnaire with 34 questions that assessed the subjects’ background information, self- perceived oral health, and data on social media usage. Results: Majority of adolescents preferred to use social media for oral health information—only 6,7% didn’t use social media to seek oral health information. Google was chosen as the most frequently used site to seek OHI (76,8%) meanwhile YouTube was chosen by adolescents as the most wanted social media to gain information about oral health (57,2%). Self-perceived oral health that was significantly associated with the frequency of using Google as the site to seek OHI ranged among seeking information about dental cavities (OR: 1,80; p=0,010), dental scaling (OR: 1,87; p=0,014), teeth bleaching (OR: 2,20; p<,001), halitosis (OR: 1,94; p=0,010), and aphtous ulcer (OR: 2,861, 95% CI: 1,664-4,921; p<0,001). Meanwhile, gender (OR: 0,56; p=0,002), perception of neat teeth (OR: 1,54; p=0,019), and satisfaction towards teeth colour (OR: 1,66; p=0,008) were significantly associated towards adolescents’ wantings for YouTube as the main site to gain information about OHI from in the future. Conclusion: Through this study, it could be inferred that most adolescents preferred to use social media in order to seek oral health information. This indicated the need for attention from dental health professionals to make a social media based intervention, especially through YouTube because it’s more cost-effective and it could reach a bigger audience"

"Latar belakang: Tidak terdapat informasi mengenai konsentrasi ion fluoride yang terkandung dalam pasta gigi anak yang terjual di Indonesia dan tidak terdapat peraturan di Indonesia yang merekomendasikan penggunaan pasta gigi berfluoride dengan konsentrasi yang bergantung pada usia. Tujuan: Menganalisa konsentrasi ion fluoride pada pasta gigi anak yang terjual di Indonesia. Metode: Delapan merek pasta gigi dengan masing-masing tiga sampel dianalisa menggunakan alat Ion Selective Elcetrode untuk menentukan konsentrasi ion fluoride terukur. Hasil: Konsentrasi ion fluoride terukur sesuai dengan konsentrasi tertulis pada label kemasan berjumlah satu produk. Tujuh produk lainnya menunjukkan konsentrasi ion fluoride terukur lebih tinggi dari konsentrasi tertulis pada label kemasan. Pasta gigi yang dipasarkan sebagai pasta gigi rendah fluoride 600 ppm menunjukkan konsentrasi fluoride terukur menjadi lebih tinggi dari 1000 ppm. Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar pasta gigi memiliki konsentrasi ion fluoride terukur yang tidak sesuai dengan konsentrasi ion fluoride yang tertulis pada label kemasan. Terdapat beberapa pasta gigi yang yang melebihi ketentuan Evidence Based Dentistry (EBD) dan BPOM RI.

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Background: There is no information about the concentration of fluoride ions contained in childrens toothpaste that is commersialized in Indonesia and there is no regulation in Indonesia that recommends the use of age-dependent fluoride toothpastes. Objective: To analyze the concentration of fluoride ions in children's toothpaste that is commersialized in Indonesia. Methods: Eight brands of toothpaste, three samples each, are analyzed using the Ion Selective Eletrode device to determine the measured fluoride ion concentration. Result: The concentration of fluoride ion is measured matching the written concentration on the packaging label of one product sample only. The rest 7 products sample showed the result of higher measured fluoride ions concentration than the written description on the packaging label. In one of the toothpaste sample which is marketed as a low fluoride toothpaste 600 ppm the result is showing that the concentration of the fluoride is higher than 1000 ppm. Conclusion: Most toothpastes are having the measured fluoride ion concentration that is not matching the fluoride ion concentration written on the packaging label. There are several toothpastes that even exceed the provisions of Evidence Based Dentistry (EBD) and BPOM RI."

"Latar belakang : untuk mengetahui indikator yang berkorelasi dengan preferensi guru SMP di DKI Jakarta dalam menggunakan media sosial untuk mencari informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Metode : cross sectional survey yang dilakukan dari bulan September hingga Oktober 2019 di 14 SMP di DKI Jakarta. Kuesioner diadaptasi dari “Indicators of adolescents preference to receive oral health information using social media” oleh Maha El Tantawi,et al tahun 2016 (Publikasi tahun 2019). Kuesioner terdiri dari Informasi demografis, data kesehatan gigi dan mulut, dan pertanyaan menilai kebiasaan penggunaan media sosial dalam mencari informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Variabel dependen adalah frekuensi pencarian informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut menggunakan media sosial. Hasil : Tingkat responden 99 % (213/215). Situs yang paing sering digunakan oleh responden untuk mencari informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah Google (85,4%) dan YouTube (43,2%). Penggunaan Google sebagai situs yang digunakan untuk informasi gigi dan mulut berkorelasi dengan informasi memutihkan gigi (OR: 0,850, 95%Cl: 0,773-0,934; p=0,012) dan bau mulut (OR: 0,831 95%Cl: 0,741-0,931; p=0,002). Informasi mengenai sariawan merupakan prediktor penggunaan YouTube untuk informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut an (OR: 0,654 95%Cl: 0,484-0,884 ; p=0,010). Kesimpulan : mayoritas guru menggunakan sosial media untuk mencari infomasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut, dikaitkan dengan kenyamanan dan kebermanfaatan dari informasi yang di dapatkan. Dari hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi pihak penyelenggara layanan kesehatan agar dapat memberikan informasi kesehatan melalui media yang sering digunakan oleh masyarakat

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Objectives: to identify factors affecting teacher’s preference in Junior High School in DKI Jakarta in using social media to receive information about oral health. Materials and method: A cross sectional survey that held since September to October 2019 in total 14 Junior High School in DKI Jakarta. The questionnaire was adapted from “Indicators of adolescents preference to receive oral health information using social media” by Maha El Tantawi, et al in 2016 (Published in 2019). The questionnaire consisted of information on demography, oral health data, and previous using social media for getting information about oral health. The dependent variable is the frequency of searching information related to oral health using social media. The percentage of respondent is 99% (213/215). The most sites used by respondents to search for dental and oral health information are Google (85,4%) and YouTube (43,2%). The use of Google as a site used for dental and oral health information correlates with information on teeth whitening (OR: 0,850, 95%Cl: 0,773-0,934; p=0,012) and bad breath (OR: 0,831 95%Cl: 0,741-0,931; p=0,002). Information about oral lesion is a predictor of using YouTube for dental and oral health information an (OR: 0,654 95%Cl: 0,484-0,884 ; p=0,010). Conclusion: The majority of teachers are using social media to search for information related to oral health, related to the comfort and usefulness of the information obtained. The purpose of this research is expected to be an input for health service providers in order to provide health information through media that is often used by the society."