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"Latar belakang. Saat pandemi COVID-19 terjadi, penderita asma dianggap memiliki peningkatan risiko infeksi terhadap COVID-19. Timbul pertanyaan apakah persiapan khusus terhadap kondisi klinis yang berat mungkin dibutuhkan bagi pekerja di lokasi terpencil. Objektif. Studi ini berusaha menjawab apakah terdapat peningkatan risiko perawatan intensif (Intensive Care Unit/ ICU) pada pekerja dengan COVID-19 yang memiliki riwayat asma. Metode. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui database PubMed, Scopus dan ProQuest, serta pencarian manual. Kriteria inklusi adalah tinjauan sistematis, studi kohort, studi retrospektif, studi cross sectional, COVID-19, asma, dan ICU. Kemudian dilakukan telaah kritis terhadap lietratur berdasarkan Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Oxford University, Critical Appraisal for Prognostic Studies and Systematic Reviews. Hasil. Tiga studi tinjauan sistematis dan tiga studi kohort retrospektif ditemukan. Tinjauan sistematis oleh Sunjaya, et al. (2021) dan Husein, dkk. (2021), serta studi kohort retrospektif oleh Calmes, MD, et al. (2021) menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada risiko perawatan di ICU untuk penderita asma dibandingkan non-asma (RR 1.19; CI 95%: 0.93 – 1.53; p= 0.16), (RR= 1.64, 95%CI = 0.67-3.97; p=0,27), dan (OR = 1,4 (95% CI = 0,64-3,2); p = 0,39). Tinjauan sistematis oleh Liu (2021), menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam prevalensi asma antara pasien ICU dan non-ICU (RR, 1,19; 95% CI, 0,92-1,54; P = 0,17; I2 = 48,6%;). Studi kohort oleh Choi, et al (2020) menunjukkan bahwa asma bukan merupakan faktor prediktif masuknya ICU pada pasien COVID-19 (OR 0,656 (95%CI= 0,295 – 1,440); nilai p =0,302). Sebaliknya, studi kohort oleh Jin, MMed, et.al (2020) menunjukkan bahwa pasien COVID-19 dengan asma memiliki proporsi masuk ICU yang lebih tinggi daripada mereka yang tidak. Kesimpulan. Pekerja COVID-19 dengan asma tidak memiliki risiko masuk ICU yang lebih tinggi.

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Background. As the COVID-19 pandemic occurs, those with asthma were thought to have an increased risk of infection. Question arisen whether special preparation for severe clinical outcomes might be needed for remote site workers. Objective. The study sought to answer whether an increased risk of an ICU admission for COVID-19 patients among workers who have a history of asthma exist. Method. A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest databases, as well as hand searched. The inclusion criteria were systematic review, cohort study, retrospective study, cross sectional study, COVID-19, asthma, and ICU. Then, they were critically appraised based on Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Oxford University, Critical Appraisal for Prognostic Studies and Systematic Reviews. Result. Three systematic review studies and three retrospective cohort studies were found. Systematic reviews by Sunjaya, et al. (2021) and Hussein, et al. (2021), also retrospective cohort study by Calmes, MD, et al. (2021) showed no significant difference in risk requiring admission to ICU for asthmatic compared to non-asthmatic (RR 1.19; CI 95%: 0.93 – 1.53; p= 0.16), (RR= 1.64, 95%CI = 0.67-3.97; p=0.27), and (OR = 1.4 (95% CI = 0.64-3.2); p =0.39), respectively. Systematic review by Liu (2021), showed no significant difference in asthma prevalence between ICU and non-ICU patients (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.92-1.54; P =0 .17; I2 = 48.6%;). Cohort study by Choi, et al (2020) showed asthma was not a predictive factor for ICU admission in COVID-19 patients (OR 0.656 (95%CI= 0.295 – 1.440); p value =0.302). Contrary, cohort study by Jin, MMed, et.al (2020) showed that COVID-19 patients with asthma had a higher proportion of ICU admission than those who do not have. Conclusion. COVID-19 workers with asthma does not have a higher risk of ICU admission."

"Latar belakang Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama di negara berkembang maupun negara maju.1 Pada tahun 2007, sekitar 23,6 juta orang Amerika menderita DM, dimana sebagian besar adalah pekerja.2 Penelitian oleh Poulsen (2014) menemukan bahwa 3,5% petugas kesehatan menderita DM selama periode pengamatan 7 tahun.3 Informasi mengenai dampak kerja shift terhadap kontrol glikemik pada pada pekerja yang memiliki DM tipe 2 masih belum banyak diketahui. Metode Kasus wanita berusia 52 tahun bekerja sebagai perawat di rumah sakit, mengikuti jadwal shift malam dan telah didiagnosis DM tipe 2 sejak 7 tahun lalu. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui pencarian elektronik (PubMed dan ProQuest) serta hand searching dengan kata kunci “kontrol glukosa darah”, “diabetes mellitus tipe 2”, “kerja shift” dan “kerja shift malam” yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil Hasil pencarian didapatkan 92 studi dan 3 studi yang relevan ditemukan dengan desain potong lintang. Studi oleh Manodpitipong (2017) menunjukkan bahwa kerja shift malam dikaitkan dengan HbA1c yang lebih tinggi (p = 0,044) dibandingkan dengan kerja siang hari. Studi oleh Chalernvanichakorn (2008) memberikan hasil kontrol glikemik yang baik secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada pekerja harian dibandingkan pekerja shift (28,3% vs 15,8%) dengan p = 0,02. Studi oleh Ghazawy (2013) menunjukkan bahwa HbA1c lebih tinggi di antara pekerja dengan diabetes yang melakukan kerja shift dibandingkan dengan pekerja yang hanya bekerja siang hari (p = 0,01). Kerja shift sendiri berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengendalian diabetes (p = 0,04), dengan OR = 3,83 (1,02 – 14,34). Kesimpulan Bukti penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara kerja shift malam dengan kontrol glikemik yang buruk pada pekerja dengan DM tipe 2. Pekerja shift malam berisiko 2-3 kali memiliki kontrol glikemik yang buruk daripada pekerja non-shift. Bukti yang ditemukan dalam studi Manodpitipong dan Chalernvanichakorn dapat diterapkan pada pasien ini karena karakteristik subjek penelitian yang sama.

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Background Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is considered to be one of a major problem in both developing and industrialized countries.1 As of 2007, approximately 23.6 million Americans have diabetes, most of whom are or wish to be participating members of the workforce.2 Research by Poulsen et al., (2014) found that 3.5% of health workers had diabetes during the 7-year observation period.3 A person with diabetes should be individually assessed to determine whether or not that person can safely and effectively perform the particular duties of the job in question.2 Shift work is considered to be disruptive to normal diurnal biological rhythms and has been associated with many health problems.4 Observational studies revealed that night-shift work is associated with increased risk of prevalent diabetes and incident diabetes.7 Information regarding the impact of shift work on blood glucose control or glycemic state in workers who have a history of type 2 diabetes is still not widely known. Method The case is about a 52-year-old female who worked as a nurse in non-intensive ward of government hospital and performed night shift work. She has been diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for seven years . A literature search was conducted through PubMed and ProQuest and also performed with the hand searching method. The inclusion criteria of this search strategy were systematic review, cohort study, worker with type 2 DM, shift work, blood glucose control and glycemic control. The exclussion criteria were articles not in english and inaccessible full text article. Then, they were critically appraised based on Center of Evidence- Based Medicine, Oxford University, Critical Appraisal for Etiology. Result Three relevant studies were found through literature searching and all of those studies were cross sectional design. The first study by Manodpitipong, et al.(2017) showed that night shift work was associated with significantly higher haemoglobin A1c (p = 0.044) compared with day work. While there were no differences between unemployed participants and day workers (p = 0.572). The second study conducted by Chalernvanichakorn, et al.(2008) give result that good glycemic control was significantly higher in day workers versus shift workers (28.3% vs 15.8%) with p = 0.02. A higher proportion of shift workers had hypoglycemic symptoms compared to day workers (42.5% vs. 26.7%). The third study by Ghazawy, et al.(2013) showed that HbA1c was significant higher levels among diabetic shift workers compared to diabetic day-time workers (p=0.01), where mean of current shift workers and former shift workers were 7.8±1.9 and 8.4±2.6, compared to 6.3±1.1. Shift work itself has a significant effect on control of diabetes (p = 0.04), with an OR = 3.83 (1.02 – 14.34), whereas age, duration of diabetes, BMI and waist circumference had no significant effect. Conclusion The research evidence found from the three studies above shows that there is association between night shift work and poor glycemic control in workers with type 2 DM. But the causation effect between the two variables cannot be determined yet, because there are many confounding factors that influence it. Night shift workers are two to three times more likely to have poor glycemic control than non-shift workers. The evidence found in the two study (Manodpitipong and Chalernvanichakorn) can be applied to our patient because of the same characteristic: female, diabetic worker, involved in night shift work. For future studies, cohort research should be conducted to find causality between shift work and glycemic control. Recommendation to our patient is to pay more attention to diet and adhere to treatment. It is necessary to inform the doctor that she is involved in shift work so that the doctor will provide a suitable regimen and diet for the patient."

"Paparan pestisida membawa risiko, termasuk keracunan, polusi, dan resistensi hama, mempengaruhi banyak individu setiap tahunnya. Studi menghubungkan paparan pestisida dengan kanker, terutama kanker kandung kemih yang lebih umum terjadi di daerah yang banyak menggunakan pestisida. Kanker kandung kemih menempati peringkat ke-13 dalam kasus baru di Indonesia, dengan tingkat kematian global yang signifikan menurut data GLOBOCAN 2022. Etiologi kanker kandung kemih melibatkan beberapa faktor, termasuk paparan kerja terhadap bahan kimia karsinogenik seperti amina aromatik, yang memberikan risiko khusus bagi petani yang menangani pestisida dan herbisida. Gejala saluran kemih pada petani karet berusia 50 tahun mendorong penyelidikan terhadap bahaya potensial di tempat kerja, terutama terkait paparan herbisida (Imazethapyr) dan risiko kanker kandung kemih. Tinjauan literatur mengidentifikasi studi yang relevan, terutama dua studi kohort oleh Koutros et al. pada tahun 2009 dan 2016, yang menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara paparan herbisida, khususnya Imazethapyr, dan kejadian kanker kandung kemih di kalangan petani. Diskusi menekankan risiko paparan pestisida yang dikenal dan pemahaman terbatas mengenai efek kesehatan senyawa tertentu seperti Imazethapyr. Studi ini mendukung penelitian lebih lanjut dan intervensi untuk mengurangi bahaya di tempat kerja. Upaya kolaboratif, termasuk alternatif yang lebih aman, regulasi pemerintah, dan penelitian tambahan, sangat penting untuk mengatasi hubungan yang mengkhawatirkan antara penggunaan Imazethapyr dan kanker kandung kemih di kalangan petani, serta memahami kompleksitas paparan pestisida dan dampak kesehatannya.

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Pesticide exposure poses risks, including poisoning, pollution, and pest resistance, affecting a substantial number of individuals annually. Studies has established link between pesticide exposure and cancer, specifically bladder cancer which is more common in high-pesticide areas. Bladder cancer ranks 13th in new cases in Indonesia, with significant global mortality rates, according to GLOBOCAN 2022 data. Bladder cancer etiology involves multiple factors, including occupational exposure to carcinogenic chemicals like aromatic amines, which pose a particular risk to farmers who control pesticides and herbicides. A 50-year-old rubber farmer's urinary symptoms prompt investigation into potential occupational hazards, particularly regarding herbicide (Imazethapyr) exposure and bladder cancer risk. A literature review identifies relevant studies, notably two cohort studies by Koutros et al. in 2009 and 2016, showing a significant association between herbicide exposure, especially Imazethapyr, and bladder cancer incidence among farmers. The discussion emphasizes known pesticide exposure risks and a limited understanding of specific compound health effects like imazethapyr. These studies support further research and interventions to mitigate occupational hazards. Collaborative efforts, including safer alternatives, government regulations, and additional research, are crucial to addressing the concerning link between Imazethapyr use and bladder cancer among farmers and unraveling pesticide exposure complexities and health impacts."

"Tesis ini disusun untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas hidup pasien adolescence idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Desain penelitian merupakan studi potong pada 100 pasien AIS yang berusia di atas 13 tahun dengan menggunakan kuesioner Scoliosis Research Society 30 (SRS-30) sebagai alat ukur kualitas hidup. Dilakukan analisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan yang meliputi faktor penyakit (usia terdiagnosis, derajat keparahan kurva, tipe kurva) faktor terapi (exercise, brace, operasi) dan faktor sosiodemografik (kelompok usia, jenis kelamin, body mass index). Hasil penelitian didapatkan skor total yaitu 3.42 ± 0.46. Didapatkan skor tertinggi pada domain nyeri yaitu 3.66 (2-5), serta skor terendah pada domain citra diri yaitu 3.33 ± 0,9. Pada faktor penyakit, didapatkan skor domain kepuasan terhadap manajemen yang lebih tinggi secara bermakna pada kurva derajat ringan. Pada faktor terapi, didapatkan skor total dan skor domain fungsi yang lebih tinggi secara bermakna pada kelompok exercise, skor domain citra diri dan kepuasan terhadap manajemen yang lebih rendah secara bermakna pada kelompok brace, serta skor domain citra diri yang lebih tinggi, tetapi skor domain fungsi dan kepuasan terhadap manajemen yang lebih rendah secara bermakna pada kelompok operasi. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan skor yang bermakna pada faktor sosiodemografi (usia, jenis kelamin, body mass index).

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This thesis aimed to determine the quality of life of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The study design was a cross-sectional study of 100 AIS patients aged over 13 years using the Scoliosis Research Society 30 (SRS-30) questionnaire as a measurement tool of quality of life. Analysis of related factors including disease factors (age at diagnosis, degree of curve severity, type of curve), therapeutic factors (exercise, brace, surgery), and sociodemographic factors (age group, sex, body mass index) was performed. The results showed a total score of 3.42 ± 0.46. The highest score was in the pain domain (3.66 (2-5)), and the lowest score was in the self-image domain (3.33 ± 0.9). In the disease factors, a significantly higher score of satisfaction for management was found in mild degree curve. In the therapeutic factors, a significantly higher total score and function domain score was found in the exercise group, a significantly lower in self-image and satisfaction with management domain score in the brace group, and a significantly higher self-image domain score but lower in function and satisfaction with management domain score was found in the operating group. There were no significant differences in sociodemographic factors (age, gender, body mass index)."

"Pendahuluan: Selama masa pandemi, tenaga kesehatan mengalami peningkatan stresor di tempat kerja yang membuat mereka lebih rentan terhadap masalah kesehatan mental. Universitas Guyana mengembangkan kuesioner SSTRESS 1 untuk mengidentifikasi stresor yang dirasakan oleh petugas kesehatan selama pandemi. Kuesioner SSTRESS 1 perlu divalidasi sebelum dapat digunakan di Indonesia. Metode: Studi validasi dengan validasi dan adaptasi trans-kultural, proses penerjemahan ke bahasa Indonesia dilakukan dengan metode ISPOR. Uji reliabilitas dilakukan dengan konsistensi Internal Cronbach’s alpha lebih besar dari 0,6. Analisis faktor dilakukan untuk menyelidiki faktor yang terbentuk dari kuesioner ini berdasarkan budaya lokal dengan >0,3 sebagai muatan minimum untuk masing-masing pertanyaan. Hasil: Uji menghasilkan kuesioner SSTRESS 1 versi Bahasa Indonesia dengan 18 pertanyaan valid dengan Cronbach’s alpha 0,919. Enam pertanyaan dikeluarkan karena korelasi antar item < 0,03. Frustrasi, tekanan dan beban kerja adalah faktor-faktor yang menyusun kuesioner ini. Kesimpulan: Kuesioner SSTRESS 1 Bahasa Indonesia terdiri dari 18 pertanyaan dengan 3 faktor yaitu frustrasi, tekanan dan beban kerja. Eksternal validasi menggunakan SRQ-20 menunjukkan korelasi yang positif

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Background: During pandemic healthcare workers suffered from an increased stressor in their workplace which make them more vulnerable to mental health problems. University of Guyana developed SSTRESS 1 questionnaire to identify stressor perceived by healthcare workers during pandemic. SSTRESS 1 questionnaire need to be validated before it can be used in Indonesia. Method: Validation study with trans-cultural validation, translation process to Bahasa Indonesia done with ISPOR method. Reliability test carried out with Internal consistency of Cronbach’s alpha greater than 0.6. Analysis factor conducted to investigate factor made from this questionnaire based on local culture with > 0.3 as minimum loading for each question. Result: Test generate 18 valid questions form SSTRESS 1 questionnaire version of Bahasa Indonesia with Cronbach’s alpha 0.919. Six questions are excluded as the inter-item correlation < 0.03. Frustration, pressure and workload are factors composed this questionnaire. Conclusion: SSTRESS 1 questionnaire in Bahasa Indonesia consist of 18 questions with 3 factors i.e. frustration, pressure and workload. External validation with SRQ-20 shown positive correlation"

"Pendahuluan: Selama masa pandemi, tenaga kesehatan mengalami peningkatan stresor di tempat kerja yang membuat mereka lebih rentan terhadap masalah kesehatan mental. Universitas Guyana mengembangkan kuesioner SSTRESS 1 untuk mengidentifikasi stresor yang dirasakan oleh petugas kesehatan selama pandemi. Kuesioner SSTRESS 1 perlu divalidasi sebelum dapat digunakan di Indonesia.Metode: Studi validasi dengan validasi dan adaptasi trans-kultural, proses penerjemahan ke bahasa Indonesia dilakukan dengan metode ISPOR. Uji reliabilitas dilakukan dengan konsistensi Internal Cronbach’s alpha lebih besar dari 0,6. Analisis faktor dilakukan untuk menyelidiki faktor yang terbentuk dari kuesioner ini berdasarkan budaya lokal dengan >0,3 sebagai muatan minimum untuk masing-masing pertanyaan.Hasil: Uji menghasilkan kuesioner SSTRESS 1 versi Bahasa Indonesia dengan 18 pertanyaan valid dengan Cronbach’s alpha 0,919. Enam pertanyaan dikeluarkan karena korelasi antar item < 0,03. Frustrasi, tekanan dan beban kerja adalah faktor-faktor yang menyusun kuesioner ini.Kesimpulan: Kuesioner SSTRESS 1 Bahasa Indonesia terdiri dari 18 pertanyaan dengan 3 faktor yaitu frustrasi, tekanan dan beban kerja. Eksternal validasi menggunakan SRQ-20 menunjukkan korelasi yang positif

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Background: During pandemic healthcare workers suffered from an increased stressor in their workplace which make them more vulnerable to mental health problems. University of Guyana developed SSTRESS 1  questionnaire to identify stressor perceived by healthcare workers during pandemic. SSTRESS 1 questionnaire need to be validated before it can be used in Indonesia.

Method: Validation study with trans-cultural validation, translation process to Bahasa Indonesia done with ISPOR method. Reliability test carried out with Internal consistency of Cronbach’s alpha greater than 0.6. Analysis factor conducted to investigate factor made from this questionnaire based on local culture with > 0.3 as minimum loading for each question.

Result: Test generate 18 valid questions form SSTRESS 1 questionnaire version of Bahasa Indonesia with Cronbach’s alpha 0.919. Six questions are excluded as the inter-item correlation < 0.03.  Frustration, pressure and workload are factors composed this questionnaire.   

Conclusion: SSTRESS 1 questionnaire in Bahasa Indonesia consist of 18 questions with 3 factors i.e. frustration, pressure and workload. External validation with SRQ-20 shown positive correlation."

"Latar belakang. Pandemi Covid-19 membawa perubahan yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk menekan penyebaran Covid-19 sehingga diberlakukan aturan Work From Home (WFH) bagi dunia kerja. Saat kasus Covid-19 mulai menurun, perkantoran perlahan mulai kembali ke Work From Office (WFO). Perubahan sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 menimbulkan tekanan yang membuat persepsi tertentu terhadap stres dan stressor kerja setiap saat.Metode. Penelitian dilakukan di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Tangerang dengan menggunakan metode campuran, metode kuantitatif digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran deskriptif stres kerja dan stresor menggunakan kuesioner SV-NBJSQ (Short Version New Brief Job Stres Questionnaire) versi bahasa Indonesia dan metode kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam semi terstruktur untuk mendapatkan gambaran persepsi pekerja terhadap stres kerja dan stresor di masa sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19.Hasil. Prevalensi stres kerja saat WFO masa pandemi Covid-19 sebesar 28%, dengan gejala stres kerja yaitu kurangnya vigor sebesar 18.3 %, kelelahan 12.2%, kecemasan 9.8%, dan stres reaksi fisik 3.7%. Hasil stresor kerja adalah tuntutan emosional 31.7%, konflik peran 28 % , keseimbangan kerja negatif  24.4%, dan kelebihan beban kuantitatif 15.4%. Didapatkan kategori persepsi stres dan stresor kerja di masa sebelum pandemi Covid-19, WFH dan WFO masa pandemi Covid-19 sesuai dengan kata kuncinya.Kesimpulan. Wawancara mendalam dapat menggali jawaban kuesioner tentang gejala stres yang ada dan penyebab stres yang mendasarinya. Terdapat perbedaan dan persamaan persepsi stres dan stresor kerja pada pekerja pelayanan publik saat sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 yang selanjutnya dapat menjadi pertimbangan bagi perusahaan yang akan terus dapat mengalami perubahan akibat pandemi Covid-19 yang masih belum berakhir.

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Background. The Covid-19 pandemic has brought changes  that made by the government to suppress the spread of Covid-19 so that Work From Home (WFH) regulation were held for the world of work. As  Covid-19 cases began to decline, offices slowly began going back to the Work From Office (WFO). Changes before and during the Covid-19 pandemic created a pressure that made certain perceptions of stress and work stressors at all times.

Method. The research was carried out at the Tax Service Office in Tangerang using a mixed method where quantitative methods are used to get a descriptive picture of work stress and stressors using the Indonesian version of the SV-NBJSQ ( Short Version New Brief Job Stres Questionnaire) and qualitative methods with semi-structured in-depth interviews to obtain in period before, during the WFH, along with the WFO Covid-19 pandemic to workers in public service offices.

Results. The prevalence of work stress during WFO during the Covid-19 pandemic was 28%, with the results of work stress in the form of low vigor of 18.3%, fatigue of 12.2%, anxiety of 9.8%, stress of physical reactions 3.7%. The results of work stressors are emotional demands 31.7%, role conflict 28%, negative work balance 24.4%, and quantitative load 15.4%. The categories of perception stress and work stressors were obtained before the Covid-19 pandemic, WFH and WFO during the Covid-19 pandemic according to the keywords.

Conclusion. In-depth interviews could explore the questionnaire answers about existing stress symptoms and the underlying stressors. There are differences and similarities between perceptions of stress and work stressors for public service workers before, and during the Covid-19 pandemic which could then be a factor of consideration for companies that will necessarily continue to experience changes due to the Covid-19 pandemic which currently is still happening."

"Sudah banyak penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui keamanan penggunaan pestisida dengan munculnya penyakit pada petani. Seorang petani wanita usia 52 tahun menderita penyakit Parkinson setelah bekerja selama 27 tahun dengan menggunakan herbisida paraquat. Tulisan ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan jawaban tentang dampak paparan paraquat pada kejadian Parkinson pada petani melalui laporan kasus berbasis bukti yang berasal dari tinjauan literatur.Laporan kasus ini diawali dengan metode pencarian dan pemilihan artikel dari PubMed, ProQuest, dan Cochrane Library untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian. Proses pencarian artikel menggunakan kata kunci "Paraquat dan Parkinson dan Petani". Pemilihan artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditentukan. Pada pencarian awal didapatkan 35 artikel, setelah melalui proses seleksi, maka dipilih tiga artikel dari tinjauan sistematis meta-analisis untuk ditelaah.Artikel dari Tangamornsuksan dan Vaccari menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara paparan paraquat dengan kejadian munculnya penyakit Parkinson, dengan nilai pooled OR sebesar 1,70 dan 1,24. Adapun artikel dari Yan menunjukkan bahwa lamanya paparan pestisida juga akan meningkatkan risiko Parkinson. Dimana durasi paparan selama 5 dan 10 tahun menggunakan pestisida akan meningkatkan risiko Parkinson dari 5% menjadi 11%. Semua penelitian yang diambil menerapkan validasi untuk mengurangi efek bias, heterogenitas atau metode statistik yang tidak memadai.Berdasarkan hasil laporan kasus berbasis bukti ini, menunjukkan bahwa studi epidemiologis yang diambil dapat membuktikan bahwa kemungkinan penyakit Parkinson pada petani ini disebabkan oleh paparan paraquat.

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Many studies have been carried out to assess the safety of the widespread use of pesticides in agriculture with diseases in farmers. A 52-year-old female farmer suffered Parkinson's after working 27 years using paraquat herbicide. This study was conducted to obtain answers about the impact of paraquat exposure on the incidence of Parkinson's in farmers through evidence-based case reports (EBCR) derived from a literature review.

The review was conducted through the search and selection method of articles in PubMed, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library to answer research questions. The article search process used the keywords "paraquat AND Parkinson AND farmer". Article selection was carried out using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the initial search, 35 articles were retrieved and through the selection process three articles of the meta-analysis systematic review were selected.

Selected articles from Tangamornsuksan and Vaccari show a statistically significant association between paraquat exposure and the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) in workers, with a pooled OR of 1.70 and 1.24. Meanwhile, Yan's study shows that duration of exposure to pesticides increases the risk of PD. The result showed a 5 and 10 years of duration exposure to pesticide were associated with a 5% and 11% augment in the risk of PD. All studies applied validation to reduce bias and heterogeneity effects or inadequate statistical methods.

Based on the results of this evidence-based case report, it shows that the epidemiological studies taken can prove the possibility that Parkinson's disease in this farmer is caused by exposure to paraquat."

"Latar Belakang: Kualitas tidur seorang pekerja merupakan hal penting dalam menjaga status kesehatan juga produktivitas kerja karena melalui tidur terjadi proses pemulihan pada tubuh. Kualitas tidur yang tidak baik dapat berdampak buruk pada masalah kesehatan, menurunkan produktivitas kerja, meningkatkan resiko kecelakaan. Kualitas tidur dipengaruhi oleh faktor individu, pekerjaan dan lingkungan. Studi global meta analisis sebanyak 30% pekerja industri mengalami kualitas tidur buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas tidur pekerja teknisi alat berat di perusahaan X dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kualitas tidur pekerja dimana belum adanya penelitian yang berfokus pada kualitas tidur teknisi alat berat. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang. Menggunakan data sekunder hasil MCU karyawan Perusahaan X. Total sampling sebanyak 105 teknisi alat berat, dianalisa multivariate dengan regresi logistik batas kemaknaan p<0.05 untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas tidur. Instrumen terdiri dari kuesioner terbuka karakteristik responden, kuesioner PSQI untuk menilai kualitas tidur yang telah divalidasi dalam bahasa Indonesia (α Cronbach 0.79), dan kuesioner SOFI untuk menilai kelelahan yang telah divalidasi dalam bahasa Indonesia (α Cronbach  0.969). Hasil: Prevalensi pekerja yang mengalami kualitas tidur buruk didapatkan sebesar 48.6%. Hanya faktor kelelahan kerja yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kualitas tidur  (p=0.026, aOR 11.7, CI95% 1.333- 102.76) Kesimpulan: Terdapat kualitas tidur yang buruk pada pekerja teknisi alat berat dengan kelelahan kerja menjadi faktor resiko yang bermakna secara statistik dengan kualitas tidur yang buruk.  

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Background: Sleep quality of a worker is important in maintaining health status as well as work productivity because the proccess of recovery is sleeping. Poor sleep quality can have a negative impact on health problems, reduce work productivity, increase the risk of accidents. Sleep quality is influenced by individual, occupational and environmental factors. A global meta-analysis study found that 30% of industrial workers experience poor sleep quality. This study aims to determine the sleep quality of heavy equipment technicians at company X and the factors related to the sleep quality of workers where there has been no research that focuses on the sleep quality of heavy equipment technicians.

Methods: This study uses cross-sectional methods. Using secondary data from MCU result of workers at Company X. A total sample of 105 heavy equipment technicians was analyzed multivariat  using a regression logistic. The instruments consisted of an open questionnaire on respondent characteristics, a PSQI questionnaire to assess sleep quality which had been validated in Indonesian (Alpha Cronbach 0.79), and a SOFI questionnaire to assess fatigue which had been validated in Indonesian (Alpha Cronbach 0.969).

Results: The prevalence of workers experiencing poor sleep quality was 48.6%. Only work fatigue had a significant relationship with sleep quality (p=0.026, aOR 11.7, 95% CI 1.333-102.76).

Conclusion: There is poor sleep quality in heavy equipment technician workers with work fatigue being a statistically significant risk factor for poor sleep quality."

"Latar belakang : Pandemi Covid-19 telah menimbulkan perubahan dalam pola bekerja yaitu yang semula bekerja di kantor sepenuhnya menjadi kombinasi bekerja dari rumah dan bekerja di kantor. Perubahan ini berpotensi menyebabkan konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan stress pada pegawai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan stress yang dialami pegawai Ditjen Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kementerian Kesehatan di masa pandemi Covid-19.Metode : Penelitian dilakukan di Ditjen Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kementerian Kesehatan dengan jumlah subyek penelitian 103 pegawai yang menjalani work from home minimal selama 6 bulan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner Skala Konflik Pekerjaan Keluarga dan Perceived Stress Scale-10 yang sudah divalidasi dalam Bahasa Indonesia.Hasil : Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa responden yang memiliki persepsi stress berat adalah sebanyak 14.6%, yang mengalami stress sedang 59.2%. Prevalensi konflik pekerjaan keluarga yang dialami sebesar 67%. Secara statistik didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan persepsi stress di mana pegawai yang mengalami konflik pekerjaan keluarga memiliki risiko 9,6 kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami stres sedang (OR: 9,59, 95% CI: 2,42-37,98).Kesimpulan : Sebagian besar subyek penelitian mengalami konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan stress sedang selama bekerja dengan pola kerja yang berubah di masa pandemi Covid-19; dan ternyata terdapat hubungan antara konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan stress.

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Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a change in work patterns, which were originally working in the office completely to a combination of working from home and working in the office. This change has the potential to cause work-family conflict and stress on employees. This study aims to describe the work-family conflict and stress experienced by employees of the Directorate General of Public Health, Ministry of Health during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods: The study was conducted at the Directorate General of Public Health, Ministry of Health with the number of research subjects 103 employees who underwent work from home for at least 6 months. The research was conducted using Work- Family Conflict Scale and Perceived Stress Scale-10 questionnaires which has been validated in Indonesian.

Results: It was found that respondents who had experienced severe stress were 14.6% and moderate stress were 59.2%. The prevalence of work-family conflict is 67%. Statistically, there was a significant relationship between work-family conflict and perceived stress where employees who experienced work-family conflict had a 9.6 times higher risk of experiencing moderate stress (OR: 9.59, 95% CI: 2.42-37, 98).

Conclusion: Most of the research subjects experienced work-family conflict and moderate stress while working with changing work patterns during the Covid-19 pandemic; and it turns out that there is a relationship between work-family conflict and stress."