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"[ABSTRAKLatar belakang. Pada stenosis mitral sering timbul komplikasi hipertensi pulmoner dan disfungsi ventikel kanan. Belum ada penelitian yang menghubungkan antara resistensi vaskular paru sebelum operasi dengan fungsi jantung kanan saat pasca operasi serta perubahannya pasca operasi stenosis mitral rematik.Metode. Studi ini merupakan studi kohort prospektif pada 31 pasien stenosis mitral rematik yang menjalani operasi katup mitral di Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita sejak April 2014 sampai Maret 2015. Pasien menjalani pemeriksaan ekokardiografi sebelum operasi, sebelum pulang perawatan pasca operasi serta saat follow up mid term di poliklinik. Dilakukan analisa statistik untuk melihat hubungan antara resistensi vaskular paru (RVP) pra operasi dengan strain longitudinal ventrikel kanan saat follow up mid term serta perubahan strain longitudinal ventrikel kanan pasca operasi (delta strain).Hasil. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara RVP pra operasi dengan strain longitudinal speckle tracking ventrikel kanan saat follow up mid term pasca operasi (r 0,199 p 0,264) serta dengan perubahan strain longitudinal ventrikel kanan pasca operasi atau delta strain (r 0,174 p 0,350).Kesimpulan. Resistensi vaskular paru pra operasi tidak berhubungan dengan strain longitudinal speckle tracking ventrikel kanan saat follow up mid term pasca operasi serta dengan perubahan strain longitudinal ventrikel kanan pasca operasi atau delta strain.

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ABSTRACTBackground. In MS right ventikel (RV) dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension often occur as complication. There is no research that connects the pulmonary vascular resistance before surgery with RV function and its changes in the case of rheumatic mitral stenosis who underwent mitral valve surgery.Methods. This study is a prospective cohort study which involves 31 patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis who underwent surgery at National Cardiovaskular Center Harapan Kita Hospital from April 2014 to March 2015. Patients underwent echocardiography before surgery, after surgery pre-hospital discharge and mid-term follow-up at clinic. Statistical analysis was performed to see the relationship between preoperative pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) with RV function at mid term follow up, which is assessed using echocardiographic parameters right ventricular longitudinal speckle strain, and also with right ventricle longitudinal speckle strain postoperative changes (delta strain).Results. There is no correlation between pre operative PVR with RV longitudinal speckle strain at mid term follow-up (r 0,199 p 0,264), and post operative changes or delta strain (r 0.174 p 0.350).Conclusion. RVP before surgery is not associated with right ventricle longitudinal speckle strain at follow up mid term and post operative changes or delta strain., Background. Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease is still regarded as animportant public health problem especially in developing countries. Mitral stenosis (MS) is asequale of rheumatic fever which are most commonly found. In MS right ventikel (RV)dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension often occur as complication. The right ventricle hasa smaller muscle mass so it is more sensitive to changes in pressure loads. There is noresearch that connects the pulmonary vaskular resistance before surgery with RV functionand also changes in the case of rheumatic mitral stenosis who underwent mitral valvesurgery.Methods. This study is a prospective cohort study which involves 31 patients with rheumaticmitral stenosis who underwent surgery at National Cardiovaskular Center Harapan Kita Hospital from April 2014 to March 2015. Patients underwent echocardiography before surgery, after surgery pre-hospital discharge and mid-term follow-up at clinic. Statisticalanalysis was performed to see changes in RV function with longitudinal speckle strain, aftersurgery pre-hospital discharge and mid-term follow-up at clinic. Analysis also performed tosee the relationship between preoperative pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) with RVfunction at mid term follow up, which is assessed using echocardiographic parameters rightventricular longitudinal speckle strain, and also with right ventricle longitudinal specklestrain postoperative changes (delta strain). Results. Right ventricular function after surgery seen with longitudinal speckle strainimproved from -12.94 ± 3.63 preoperatively into -13.06 ± 3.63 after surgery pre hospitaldischarge, and -15.25 ± 3.75 at follow-up evaluation (p 0.007). There is no correlationbetween pre operative PVR with longitudinal speckle strain at mid term follow-up (r 0,199 p0,264), and RV longitudinal speckle strain post operative changes or delta strain (r 0.174 p0.350). Conclusion. After mitral valve surgery, right ventricle longitudinal speckle strain improves.RVP before surgery is not associated with right ventricle longitudinal speckle strain at follow up mid term and right ventricle longitudinal speckle strain post operative changes or deltastrain. ]"

"Latar Belakang : Model prediksi risiko mortalitas dan morbiditas pascapembedahan jantung digunakan untuk penjelasan kepada pasien mengenai risikoperioperasi, pemilihan tatalaksana, perbandingan hasil pascaoperasi dan alokasidana oleh penjamin kesehatan nasional. Husink dkk mengembangkan suatu sistemskor prediksi mortalitas dan morbiditas pasca pembedahan katup jantung yaitu skorHarapan Kita pada tahun 2015. Sistem skor model prediksi mortalitas memilikidaya kalibrasi dan diskriminasi yang baik sedangkan model prediksi morbiditasmemiliki daya kalibrasi baik dan daya diskriminasi sedang. Sampai saat ini belumada validasi eksternal pada sistem skor Harapan Kita tersebut, sehingga perludilakukan untuk dapat selanjutnya diimplementasikan secara klinis. Tujuan : Memvalidasi secara eksternal sistem skor Harapan Kita sebagai prediktormortalitas dan morbiditas di rumah sakit pasien yang menjalani pembedahan katupjantung. Metode : Penelitian merupakan studi potong lintang dengan metode validasieksternal temporal yang dilakukan di Departemen Kardiologi dan KedokteranVaskular Universitas Indonesia/Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh DarahHarapan Kita, menggunakan data sekunder Januari 2015 hingga September 2016,yang diambil secara total sampling. Analisis data ditujukan untuk mendapatkannilai kalibrasi dan diskriminasi. Hasil : Sampel akhir berjumlah 789, kejadian mortalitas di rumah sakit 8.6 68dari 789 sampel dan prediksi mortalitas dengan skor Harapan Kita 11.9 .Kejadian morbiditas di rumah sakit 34.7 dan prediksi morbiditas dengan skorHarapan Kita 19.1 . Setelah dilakukan penghitungan skor Harapan Kita padasemua sampel studi, didapatkan nilai kalibrasi prediksi mortalitas p = 0.169 dandiskriminasi/AUC sebesar 0,761 95 IK; 0.702-0.821 sedangkan prediktormorbiditas kalibrasi p = 0.689 dan AUC 0.753 95 IK; 0.716-0.789. Kesimpulan : Sistem skor Harapan Kita secara eksternal valid untuk memprediksimortalitas dan morbiditas pasien yang menjalani pembedahan katup jantung.

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Background: Mortality and morbidity risk prediction model after cardiac surgeryis used to explain perioperative risk, choice of treatment, comparation of surgeryresults, and for financial allocation consideration by national health insurance.Harapan Kita score was developed in 2015. This scoring system had a goodcalibration and discrimination for predicting mortality also a good calibration butmoderate discrimination for predicting morbidity. However this score never beenexternally validated.

Objective: To validate externally the Harapan Kita scoring system as an inhospitalmortality and morbidity predictor in patients who is undergoing valvular heartsurgery.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study with temporal external validation methodthat performed at the Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine,Universitas Indonesia National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, usingsecondary data from January 2015 until September 2016, which taken by totalsampling method. Data analysis is intended to develop the calibration anddiscrimination level.

Results: The final samples were 789, with 8.6 68 from 789 samples mortalityevent and a mortality predictor of Harapan Kita Score 11.9. The Odds Ratio OR of all variables were similar with the OR of Harapan Kita score previous study. Callibration value for mortality predictor were p 0.169 with a discrimination AUC 0.761 95 CI 0.702 0.821 meanwhile calibration value formorbidity predictor were p 0.689 and AUC 0.753 95 CI 0.716 0.789.

Conclusion: Harapan Kita scoring system valid externally to predict in hospitalmortality and morbidity in patients undergoing valvular heart surgery"

"Latar Belakang: Hipertrofi ventrikel kiri VKi merupakan adaptasi kardiak pada hipertensi dan meningkatkan risiko gagal jantung diastolik. Hipertrofi VKi sering ditemui pada gagal jantung diastolik, namun hubungan hipertrofi VKi dengan kapasitas fungsional dan parameter disfungsi diastolik masih kontroversi. Tujuan: Menilai korelasi IMVKi dengan kapasitas fungsional, perubahan parameter diastolik, dan global longitudinal strain GLS pada pasien hipertensi laki-laki asimptomatik dengan hipertrofi VKi. Metode: Pasien hipertensi laki-laki asimptomatik dengan IMVKi>115 gr/m2 tanpa masalah koroner, aritmia, penyakit jantung bawaan, dan penyakit jantung katup masuk kriteria studi. Uji latih ergocycle menggunakan protokol ramp. Akuisisi IMVKi pada awal uji dan pengukuran parameter diastolik E/A, E/e rsquo;, IVRT dan GLS pre dan puncak uji. Hasil: Terdapat 41 subjek dengan usia 55 32-64 tahun. Median nilai IMVKi subjek 129 116-319 gr/m2, dengan rerata kapasitas fungsional 5,7 1 METs. parameter diastolik pre dan puncak uji latih beban tidak berbeda bermakna. Rerata GLS pre uji rendah namun berbeda bermakna pada puncak uji latih pre vs puncak: -15,4 vs 18,5 ; p

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Backgrounds: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy LVH is an adaptation on hypertension and increases diastolic heart failure risk. LVH are common in diastolic heart failure. Prior studies showed various results on correlation Left ventricular mass index LVMI, with functional capacity and diastolic parameters.

Objectives: To assess correlations of LVMI with functional capacity, diastolic parameters changes, and global longitudinal strain GLS in male asymptomatic hypertensive patients with LVH.

Methods: Male asymptomatic hypertensive patients with LVMI 115 gr m2 without history of CAD, arrhythmia, congenital, and valvular heart disease are recruited. Stress test use ramp protocol. Initial LVMI is acquired, and diastolic parameters E A, E e, IVRT and GLS are acquired at pre and peak stress test.

Results: Forty one patients were recruited aged 55 32 64 years old. The median of LVMI was 129 gr m2 and mean functional capacity was 5,7 METs. Pre and peak stress test diastolic parameter values were insignificant. Pre stress test GLS mean was low but increased at peak pre vs peak 15,4 vs 18,5 p"

"Latar belakang: Stenosis mitral SM akibat penyakit jantung reumatik PJR memiliki disfungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri VK secara subklinis bila menggunakan parameter global longitudinal strain GLS walaupun rata-rata pasien memiliki fraksi ejeksi FE baik. Pada PJR, inflamasi kronis menyebabkan terjadinya nekrosis fibrinoid, pada akhirnya menjadi fibrosis miokard. Berdasarkan teori ini, fibrosis miokard merupakan salah satu dasar teori yang mendasari disfungsi sistolik VK pada SM. Namun hingga kini penelitian yang menilai hubungan ini belum ditemukan.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan GLS sebagai parameter fungsi sistolik dengan volume fibrosis VK pada SM akibat PJR.Metode: Studi potong lintang melibatkan pasien SM akibat PJR akan menjalani pemeriksaan MRI jantung untuk mengevaluasi fibrosis miokard dengan metode LGE dan ekokardiografi untuk menilai GLS. Kedua data diolah menggunakan analisa korelasi.Hasil: Terdapat 36 pasien subjek penelitian. Volume fibrosis miokard rata-rata VK 4,9 2,7 . Walaupun FE baik median 62 , nilai GLS menurun dibandingkan nilai rujukan normal 13,5 3,9 . GLS memiliki korelasi sedang dengan volume fibrosis VK r = -0,432; p 0,009 . Tidak ada korelasi antara GLS dengan area katup mitral maupun gradien tekanan transmitral rata-rata. Tidak didapatkan juga korelasi antara FE dengan volume fibrosis.Kesimpulan: GLS memiliki korelasi sedang dengan volume fibrosis VK pada pasien SM akibat PJR.

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Abstract Background. The correlation between the extent of myocardial fibrosis and subclinical LV systolic dysfunction in rheumatic mitral stenosis MS has not been widely studied. We sought to evaluate the correlation between the extent of LV myocardial fibrosis quantified by Late Gadolinium Enhancement LGE CMR and Global Longitudinal Strain GLS by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography STE in these patients.Methods. We prospectively evaluated 36 consecutive rheumatic MS patients who were planing to undergo intervention in our center. Then we evaluate the correlation between the extent of LV myocardial fibrosis quantified by Late Gadolinium Enhancement LGE CMR and Global Longitudinal Strain GLS by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography STE Results. Thirty six patients showed mean of LGE was 4,9 2,7 . Despite good ejection fraction median 59.5 , IQR 28 68 , the LV GLS was reduced mean 13.5 3.9 compared to normal reference value. There was moderate correlation between GLS and LGE r 0,432 p 0,009 . There are no correlations between GLS with mitral valve area MVA and mean mitral valve gradient mean MVG . No significant correlation was found between ejection fraction and LGE.Conclusion. There was moderate correlation between LGE and GLS in patients with rheumatic MS. Keywords Myocardial fibrosis global longitudinal strain late gadolinium enhancement CMR rheumatic mitral stenosis "

"Latar belakang: EuroSCORE II (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) banyak digunakan sebagai model prediksi resiko mortalitas intrahospital dan juga mulai diteliti sebagai prediktor kesintasan jangka panjang untuk operasi jantung. Namun penggunaannya pada pembedahan katup jantung memilki nilai uji validasi yang buruk. TAPSE (Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion), sebagai salah satu parameter fungsi ventrikel kanan diketahui menjadi salah satu prediktor pasien yang menjalani pembedahan jantung.Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan kemampuan prediksi mortalitas intrahospital dan kesintasan jangka panjang antara EuroSCORE II dengan kombinasi EuroSCORE II dan TAPSE (EuroSCOREII+TAPSE) dan kombinasi modifikasi variabel EuroSCORE II+TAPSE (Modified Euro-TAPSE-Score) pasien yang menjalani pembedahan katup jantung.Metode: Dilakukan studi kohort retrospektif terhadap 1842 pasien yang menjalani pembedahan katup jantung pada periode 2018-2021. Analisis bivariat dan multivariat antara nilai EuroSCORE II, variabel EuroSCORE II, dan TAPSE untuk mortalitas intrahospital dan kesintasan 4,5 tahun. Uji validasi dilakukan terhadap semua model prediksi resiko.Hasil: Mortalitas intrahospital yang diobservasi adalah 9,0 % dan untuk mortalitas jangka panjang adalah 18,8%. Sebagai prediktor mortalitas intrahospital, Modified Euro-TAPSE Score dan EuroSCOREII+TAPSE memilki nilai uji validasi yang lebih baik [(AUC 0,730; uji H-L p:0,988) vs (AUC 0,681; uji H-L p:0,065)] dibandingkan EuroSCORE II saja (AUC 0,686; uji H-L p:0,028). EuroSCORE II secara signifikan berhubungan dengan kesintasan jangka panjang (p<0,0001), namun TAPSE tidak dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor (p: 0,643) sehingga modifikasi EuroSCORE II dengan TAPSE tidak dapat dilakukan.Kesimpulan: Modified Euro-TAPSE-Score dan EuroSCOREII+TAPSE memiliki nilai prognostik yang lebih baik dibandingkan EuroSCORE II untuk mortalitas intrahospital pasien yang menjalani pembedahan katup jantung.

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Background: EuroSCORE II (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) is widely used as a risk predictive model for intrahospital mortality and has been studied as a predictor of long-term survival for cardiac surgery. However, its use in valvular heart surgery (VHS) has poor validation test values. TAPSE (Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion), as a parameter of right ventricular function is known to be one of the predictors of patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Objective: To compare the predictive ability of intrahospital mortality and long-term survival between EuroSCORE II with EuroSCORE II and TAPSE combination (EuroSCOREII+TAPSE) and EuroSCORE II variable modification with TAPSE (Modified Euro-TAPSE-Score) in patients undergoing VHS.

Metds: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1842 patients undergoing VHS in 2018-2021 period. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes of EuroSCORE II, EuroSCORE II variables, and TAPSE for intrahospital mortality and 4,5 year survival. Validation tests were carried out on all risk prediction models.

Results: The observed intrahospital mortality was 9,0% and long-term mortality was 18,8%. As predictors of intrahospital mortality, Modified Euro-TAPSE Score and EuroSCOREII+TAPSE have better validation test values [(AUC 0,,730; H-L test p:0,988) vs (AUC 0,681; H-L test p:0,065)] compared to EuroSCORE II (AUC 0,686; H-L test p:0,028). EuroSCORE II was significantly associated with long-term survival (p<0.0001), but TAPSE could not be used as a predictor (p:0,643) so EuroSCORE II modification with TAPSE could not be performed.

Conclusion: Modified Euro-TAPSE-Score and EuroSCOREII+TAPSE have a better prognostic value than EuroSCORE II for intrahospital mortality in patients undergoing VHS."