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Abstrak :
Memorandum of Understanding Helsinki merupakan hasil kesepakatan antara Pemerintah Republik Indonesia dengan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka GAM sebagai bentuk penyelesaian konflik berkepanjangan di Aceh secara damai, menyeluruh, dan berkelanjutan. Implementasi atas butir-butir MoU menjadi instrumen bagi pemeliharaan perdamaian positif jangka panjang di Aceh. Pemerintah dan Eks kombatan GAM menjadi aktor penting dalam implementasinya, karena beberapa butir MoU menargetkan langsung pada kelangsungan kehidupan dan kesejahteraan Eks Kombatan GAM. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, skripsi ini akan menjelaskan bagaimana implementasi MoU Helsinki memperbaiki kesejahteraan eks kombatan GAM pascakonflik. Skripsi ini menggunakan pendekatan welfare criminology dan didukung dengan pemikiran peacemaking criminology dari Richard Quinney dalam menganalisis seberapa jauh implementasi MoU Helsinki berperan sebagai pemelihara perdamaian di Aceh, dan sebagai tolok ukur untuk mengukur keseriusan pemerintah dalam pemenuhan kesejahteraan sosial bagi eks kombatan GAM, serta menjelaskan permasalahan dalam pengimplementasiannya hingga saat ini.

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Helsinki MoU is an agreement between the Government of The Republic of Indonesia and The Free Aceh Movement GAM as the solution of long term conflict in Aceh in peaceful, whole, and sustainable. Implementation of the points of MoU becomes instrument for keeping the long term positive peace in Aceh. The government and the Ex GAM Combatant become important actors in the implementation, because some the MoU points directly target the welfare of Ex GAM Combatants. Using qualitative approach, this undergraduate thesis will explain how implementation of Helsinki MoU repairs the welfare of Ex GAM Combatants post conflict. This undergraduate thesis uses a welfare criminology approach that is supported by Richard Quinney's peacemaking criminology to analyze how far the implementation of Helsinki MoU takes role as the keeper of peace in Aceh, and as an indicator to measure the Government's seriousness in fulfilling social welfare for Ex GAM combatants, and to explain the problems in implementating the MoU until now.

Abstrak :
Talk about education, it can not be separated from education as a basic need of every human being. This has been a concern for all over the world. Seen from the declaration of human rights, article 26 as well as an important instrument of human rights, article 13 which emphasizes the right to education as a fundamental right for every human being, who shall be admitted to all people in the world and facilitated by the respective member governments. Indonesia as a country that actively participate in international activities, has contributed to ratify two international charter. From year to year education in Indonesia is felt more and more difficult to reach. Gross enrollment rate (GER) is the ratio of the number of students, regardless of age, who was the school at a certain level of education of the population age group in particular education level. Amid the still unequal access to education in Indonesia, the government issued a policy even more difficult for poor citizens to access the world of education policy or international school is still referred to as stubs international standard. At first glance, this looks like a policy of "promoting" education in Indonesia. However, when examined more deeply and see the fact that nearly 8 years of its implementation this would cause many new problems. In formulating a policy the government should really study much more in what and how these policies can be done later. In formulating a policy the government should really study much more in what and how these policies can be done later. It is therefore something that is important review the concept of this international school policy, and critiquing where the mistake of thinking the government in formulating policies of this international school. Including a review of the law on pre-existing education that should be the basis in the formulation of education policy. And based on the view that critical criminology is always suspicious of the possibility of marginalization and discrimination in state policies.In addition, based on the facts that there is important also to see how the issues that arise as a result of the pioneering international school policy or international schools is. Already extent problems arising out of this government policy. One is the potential and corrupt practices that have occurred.

Abstrak :
Sistem hukum Indonesia tidak memiliki aturan hukum khusus untuk mengatur kejahatan korporasi bidang keuangan, sementara efek negatif dari kejahatan ini sangat besar dari tahun ke tahun. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, selama ini penegak hukum yang menangani kejahatan ini mempergunakan Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan peraturan terkait lainnya seperti Undang-Undang Pencucian Uang untuk menanganinya. Namun, karena proses pengadilan pidana dan perdata yang panjang terkadang membuat upaya penegakan hukum untuk mendapatkan kembali asset/dana negara yang dicuri pelaku/korporasi tidak sebesar yang diharapkan. Putusan akhir pengadilan biasanya memberikan uang pengganti yang jauh lebih rendah dari dakwaan atau bahkan pengadilan dapat memutuskan bahwa pelaku/korporasi tidak perlu membayar apapun. Untuk mengisi kesenjangan antara uang/asset negara yang hilang akibat kejahatan korporasi dengan uang yang dapat diambil kembali dari korporasi pelaku, penelitian ini bermaksud memperkenalkan “Disgorgement of Profit” yaitu perintah/kewajiban pengembalian keuntungan dari perolehan harta tidak sah melalui penyelesaian di luar pengadilan (out of court settlement) sebagai cara yang lebih cepat untuk menyelesaikannya. Dalam pelaksanaannya perlu diperhatikan prinsip unjust enrichment dan restorative justice demi terwujudnya kesejahteraan nasional berdasarkan sumbangan dari welfare criminology ......Indonesian Legal System do not have a specific regulation to administers the misbehavior of financial corporations while the negative effect of this crime is very huge over the years. To solve the problem, law enforcements treat this crime by using Corruption Act and other related regulations such as Money Laundering Act. However, due to the long process of criminal and civil courts sometime waste the law enforcement effort to get maximum payment back from offenders and/or the corporations. The final court decision usually gives replacement money much lower than the indictment or even the court could be decided that the offenders/ corporations do not have to pay anything. In order to fill the gap between the loss money and the repayment money because of financial corporate crime, this research intends to study the possibility of using “Disgorgement of Profit” approach as a faster way to get the maximum repayment of stolen money/assets from the Financial Corporate Crimes in out of court settlements due to the respect of unjust enrichment policy and restorative justice wisdom in order to enhance national development as a beneficial of the implementation of welfare criminology.