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"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai analisis trend kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi daritahun 2007-2011 berdasarkan data PT JAMSOSTEK (Persero) kantor cabanggatot subroto I. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif kualitatif.Hasil analisis penelitian adalah sebagian besar trend kecelakaan kerja disebabkanoleh tindakan pekerja yang tidak aman ketika bekerja (unsafe act). Hal ini sesuaidengan teori Domino dari Heinrich yang mengatakan bahwa kecelakaandisebabkan oleh 88% tindakan tidak aman (unsafe act), 10% kondisi tidak aman(unsafe condition) dan 2% unavoidable.

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AbstractThe focus of this study is the trend analysis of accidents that occurred from 2007-2011 based on data from PT JAMSOSTEK (Persero) branches Gatot Subroto I.This research is qualitative descriptive study. The results of the study analyzes thetrend is largely caused by a work accident workers' unsafe act while working. Thisis consistent with the theory of Heinrich Domino said that 88% of accidents arecaused by unsafe acts, 10% of unsafe conditions and 2% unavoidable."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis pengelolaan risiko yang terkait dengan kasus near miss yang dilaporkan di PLTA (PT X) tahun 2020 – 2022. Trend manajemen risiko masih berfokus pada bahaya yang level risikonya tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikembangkan ide future risk untuk menganalisis risiko mulai dari kejadian near miss. Near miss merupakan salah satu pondasi kecelakaan menurut teori Heinrich dan Frank E. Bird. Selain itu, kejadian near miss juga dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa kejadian unsafe act dan unsafe condition sehingga perlu dilakukan suatu penelitian analisis risiko dan pengendalian near miss serta keterkaitannya dengan unsafe act dan unsafe condition. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan semi kuantitatif. Objek penelitian adalah kasus near miss, unsafe act, dan unsafe condition yang dilaporkan di PT X tahun 2020 – 2022. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan Aplikasi Near Miss PT X, wawancara, dan observasi. Analisis data mengacu proses manajemen risiko AS / NZS 4360 : 2004 dan analisis pengendaliannya mengacu Hirarki Pengendalian Risiko (Safe Work Australia) Dari hasil rekap kasus di PT X, ditemukan 164 kasus terkait K3 dan dikerucutkan menjadi 110 kasus near miss, unsafe act, dan unsafe condition. Setiap kasus ini dikelompokan sesuai kesamaan risiko kemudian 10 kelompok near miss akan dinilai risikonya secara kualitatif dan semi kuantitatif. Temuan dari penilaian risiko kualitatif adalah terdapat 7 keterkaitan kasus near misses dengan unsafe act & unsafe condition sedangkan dari penilaian risiko semi kuantitatif dapat digambarkan 10 risk ranking kasus near misses. Dari penilaian basic risk level hingga recommended risk level ditemukan penurunan risiko yang selanjutnya digambarkan menggunakan penilaian efektivitas existing program (50% - 93%) dan recommended program (50% - 97,8%) Berdasarkan hasil analisis data disimpulkan bahwa perlu terdapat perbaikan Aplikasi Near Miss, edukasi dan sosialisasi kasus terkait K3 untuk pekerja PT X, serta level risiko near miss dapat diturunkan dengan hasil rekomendasi pengendalian risiko.

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This study discusses the analysis of risk management related to near miss cases reported at PLTA (PT X) year 2020 – 2022. The trend of risk management still focuses on hazards with a high level of risk. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the future risk idea to analyze risks starting from near miss events. Near miss is one of the foundations of accidents according to the theory of Heinrich and Frank E. Bird. Moreover, near miss events are also triggered by several unsafe acts and unsafe conditions, so it is necessary to conduct a research on risk analysis and control of near miss and its relationship with unsafe acts and unsafe conditions. Desain of research is descriptive analytic with a semi-quantitative approach and the objects are cases of near miss, unsafe act, and unsafe condition reported at PT X in 2020 – 2022. Data collection was carried out using the Near Miss PT X application, interviews, and observations. The data analysis refers to the risk management process AS / NZS 4360 : 2004 and the control analysis refers to the Hierarchy of Risk Control (Safe Work Australia). From the result of the case recap at PT X, 164cases related to K3 were found and were reduced to 110 near miss, unsafe act, dan unsafe condition cases. Each of these cases are grouped with the similarity of risk then 10 near miss groups are assessed for risk qualitatively and semi-quantitatively. The findings from the qualitative assessment are that there are 7 linkages between near misses with unsafe acts and unsafe conditions, while the semi-quantitative risk assessment can describe the 10 risk ranking of near misses. From the assessment of basic risk level until recommended risk level, a reduction in risk was found which was then described using an assessment of effectiveness of existing programs (50% - 93%) and recommended programs (50% - 97,8%) Based on that results, it is concluded that there are some improvements needed about Near Miss Application, education and socialization of cases related to K3 for PT X workers, and the risk level of near miss can be reduced by the risk control recommendations."

"Area drilling merupakan salah satu area kerja yang memiliki tingkat resiko kecelakaan kerja yang paling tinggi, dimana angka kecelakaan kerja di industri pengeboran minyak paling banyak terjadi di area ini. Kecelakaan kerja itu sendiri dapat terjadi karena berbagai faktor, yakni faktor kelalaian manusia yang melakukan tindakan tidak aman, faktor kondisi tidak aman, dan faktor lain yang tidak dapat diperhitungkan. Meskipun demikian, masih terdapat kontradiksi antara tingkat resiko yang tinggi dengan perilaku tidak aman yang dilakukan pekerja. Hal yang sama juga terlihat di area drilling Pertamina Pondok Tengah. Perilaku tidak aman ini sebenarnya dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor utama, yakni : (1) faktor internal, yang berasal dari dalam diri individu, seperti pengetahuan dan persepsi; (2) faktor eksternal, yang berasal dari luar individu, seperti pengawasan, safety-meeting, dan pelatihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kondisi kedua faktor tersebut, berkaitan dengan perilaku tidak aman yang dilakukan pekerja di lokasi penelitian. Dari hasil pengolahan data yang dilakukan, terlihat bahwa kondisi kedua faktor tersebut sudah cukup baik. Tetapi temyata ada hal-hal lain yang turut mempengaruhi sehingga pekerja tetap melakukan tindakan tidak aman. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini juga memberikan masukan bagi unit drilling Pertamina Pondok Tengah berkaitan dengan faktor-faktor tersebut. Saran yang diberikan dalam penelitian ini terutama berkaitan dengan kondisi pelatihan dan safety meeting yang dilaksanakan perusahaan. Dengan demikian diharapkan dapat memperbaiki tindakan pekerja tersebut.

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Drilling area is one of the highest level of occupational accident, where occupational accident in petroleum drilling industry mostly happen in this area. This occupational accident itself happens because of some factors: unsafe acts by the labors, unsafe working condition factor, and factor such as the act of God. Eventhough, there is still a contradiction between this high level of occupational accident and unsafe act by the labors.

This contradiction can also be seen in Pertamina Pondok Tengah drilling area. This unsafe acts actually influenced by two major factors: (1) internal factors, coming from the inside of the individual, such as knowledge and perception; (2) external factors, coming from the outside of the individual, such as controlling, safety meeting held by the company, and training.

This research intends to describe the condition of the two factors, in connection with the unsafe acts by labors where this research was held. Data analyzing process shows that the condition of both factors is good enough. But there still are other influencing things that affect labors to keep doing unsafe acts.

Furthermore, this research also intends to give some recommendation on those two factors for Pertamina Pondok Tengah drilling unit. The recommendations in this research mainly about the condition of training and safety meeting held by the company. Hopefully, these recommendation can be used to improve labors behavior."

"Perilaku Tidak Aman, yaitu tindakan atau perbuatan dari seseorang atau beberapa orang karyawan yang memperbesar kemungkinan terjadinya kecelakaan terhadap karyawan. Jenis perilaku tidak aman yang terjadi di Bogasari, yaitu akibat kelalaian dalam penggunaan APD, kelalaian dalam bekerja akibat kurangnya konsentrasi, kelalaian dalam melakukan pengamanan, dan ada beberapa yang melakukan pekerjaan pembersihan saat mesin masih sedang beroperasi. Skripsi ini membahas faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku tidak aman di departemen utility and operation, di Bogasari pada tahun 2009. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain cross sectional (potong lintang) dengan pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner.Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel dari teori James E. Reason sebagai analisis perilaku tidak aman. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu faktor pekerja (usia, lama kerja, pengetahuan dan sikap), dan faktor manajemen (reward and punishment, pengawasan, safety promotion, standard operating procedure, dan pelatihan K3). Hasil penelitian yaitu terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan pekerja mengenai K3 dengan perilaku tidak aman, dan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pelatihan K3 dengan perilaku tidak aman.

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Unsafe behavior is the act or the act of someone or some people that employees increase the likelihood of employee accident. Type of unsafe behavior that occur at Bogasari, which is due to negligence in the use of APD, negligence in work due to a lack of concentration, neglecting to do security, and some who work at cleaning machines are still operating. This essay discusses the factors related to unsafe behavior in the Department of Utilities and Operation, in Bogasari on 2009. This research is a qualitative research design with a cross-sectional (transversal cut) with the data using the questionnaire.This research uses variables from the theory of James E. Reason analysis of unsafe behavior. Variables examined the factors that workers (age, employment duration, knowledge and attitudes), and management factors (reward and punishment, supervision, safety promotion, standard operating procedure, training K3). Results of research that there is a meaningful relationship between knowledge workers with the unsafe behavior of K3, and there is a meaningful relationship between the training K3 with unsafe behavior."

"Perilaku tidak selamat adalah perilaku yang dapat mengizinkan terjadinya suatu kecelakaan atau insiden. Perilaku tidak selamat merupakan salah satu penyebab langsung terjadinya kecelakaan. Jenis perilaku tidak selamat yang terjadi di PT X Tahun 2014, yaitu gagal dalam mengamankan, tidak disiplin dalam pekerjaan, gagal dalam memberi peringatan, menggunakan peralatan yang tidak sesuai dan posisi atau sikap tubuh yang salah. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka konsep yang bedasarkan teori dari teori Lawrence Green dan E Soot Geller. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu faktor internal (persepsi,pengetahuan dan motivasi) dan faktor eksternal (pengawasan, peraturan K3 dan pelatihan K3). Hasil penelitian yaitu terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara persepsi dengan perilaku tidak selamat, dan juga terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pelatihan K3 dengan perilaku tidak selamat.

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Unsafe behavior is behavior that may permit the occurrence of an accident or incident. Unsafe behavior is one of the direct causes of accidents. Type of unsafe behavior that occur at PT X, failed to securing, no discipline in work, failed to give a warning, using wrong equipment and posture. This research uses variables from the theory of Lawrance Green and E Scoot Geller. analysis of unsafe Behavior. The variables studied were Internal factors (perception, knowledge and motivation) and external factors (supervision, regulation and training ). The result show is relationship between perceptions with the unsafe behavior, and relationship between the training K3 with unsafe behavior."

"Berdasarkan data tahun 2019-2022 tercatat 17 kecelakaan kerja dilaporkan di dalam PT. XYZ, dari 17 kecelakaan, 14 terjadi di bagian produksi. Tujuan umum penelitian adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecelakaan kerja pada pekerja bagian produksi di PT. XYZ. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu cross sectional. Populasi dan sampel 152 pekerja menggunakan  teknik sampling jenuh. Data yang digunakan yaitu data primer berasal dari kuesioner dan observasi serta data sekunder perusahaan. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi- square. Hasil penelitian  40,1% pekerja pernah mengalami kecelakaan kerja dengan jenis kecelakaan terbanyak adalah terjepit, sebagian besar pekerja memiliki umur dewasa, laki-laki, pendidikan menengah, masa kerja ≤ 5 Tahun, pola kerja shift, memiliki sikap positif, sering/sangat sering melakukan tindakan tidak aman, kelelahan rendah/menengah, kondisi fisik baik, pengawasan kurang baik, pelatihan baik, sosialisasi baik, sering/sangat sering mendapatkan APD tidak tepat, housekeeping kondusif dan sering/sangat sering bersinggungan dengan kondisi tidak aman. Kemudian ada hubungan antara pengetahuan, tindakan tidak aman, kondisi fisik, pelatihan dan kondisi tidak aman dengan kecelakaan kerja (p value < 0,05). Maka berdasarkan hasil penelitian diharapkan PT. XYZ selalu dapat melakukan perbaikan yang berkelanjutan dalam upaya pencegahan kecelakaan kerja.

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Based on data for 2019-2022, 17 work accidents were reported at PT. XYZ, out of 17 accidents, 14 occurred in production. The general objective of this research is to analyze the factors associated with work accidents in production workers at PT. XYZ. The research design used is cross sectional. The population and sample of 152 workers used saturated sampling technique. The data used are primary data derived from questionnaires and observations as well as secondary company data. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The results of the study 40.1% of workers had experienced work accidents with the most types of accidents being pinched, most workers were of mature age, male, secondary education, working period ≤ 5 years, shift work pattern, had a positive attitude, often/very often perform unsafe actions, low/medium fatigue, good physical condition, poor supervision, good training, good socialization, often/very often get inappropriate PPE, conducive housekeeping and often/very often intersect with unsafe conditions. Then there is a relationship between knowledge, unsafe actions, physical conditions, training and unsafe conditions with work accidents (p value <0.05). So based on the research results it is expected that PT. XYZ can always make continuous improvements in work accident prevention efforts."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kontribusi human error pada kejadian kecelakaan Direktorat Logistik & Ekspor PT Holcim Indonesia, Tbk tahun 2010. Secara khusus penelitian ini menganalisis unsafe acts dan aspek prakondisi yang berkontribusi pada kejadian kecelakaan akibat human error, dengan menggunakan framework Human Factors and Classification System. Metode yang digunakan bersifat kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data primer berupa in depth interview & observasi, serta pengumpulan data sekunder dari hasil investigasi kecelakaan & telaah dokumen perusahaan.Distribusi kejadian kecelakaan juga dilihat berdasarkan jenis kecelakaan, umur, masa kerja pengemudi, waktu dan tempat kejadian. Yang paling signifikan dari unsafe acts berupa skill-based error akibat kelelahan, routine violation pada perilaku pengemudi yang tidak tertib, serta exceptional violation berupa temuan kondisi kendaraan yang tidak standar & tidak adanya pengawas lapangan. Sedangkan yang paling signifikan dari aspek prakondisi berupa kondisi operator akibat keterbatasan fisik pengemudi, dan faktor personel yakni manajemen sumber daya personelnya. Selain itu didapatkan hasil bahwa kecelakaan tahun 2010 paling banyak terjadi di dalam plant.The objective of study is to analyze the contribution of human error in accident at Logistic & Export Directorate Narogong Plant PT Holcim Indonesia, Tbk 2010. Specifically, this study analyzes Unsafe Acts dan Precondition for Unsafe Acts that contribute accidents, using Human Factors and Classification System framework. Using qualitative method, the primary data is collection of in depth interview results & observation, and the secondary data is collection of accident investigation & review comporate documents.

Distribution of accidents are also considered by type of accident, age, experience, time and place of occurrence. The most significant results of unsafe acts are skill-based error due to fatigue, routine violation on driver behavior which is not discipline, and exceptional violation findings at non-standard vehicle condition & lack of field supervisors. While the most significant aspects in precondition for unsafe acts are condition of operator due to the driver?s physical limitations and personnel factor especially in crew resource management condition. In addition, it showed that most of the accidents 2010 occurred in the plant."

"Kecelakaan kerja merupakan kejadian tak terduga yang terjadi di tempat kerja, dan diperjalanan dari dan menuju tempat kerja. Faktor penyebab kecelakaan kerja antara lain manusia, peralatan, bahaya, dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab tindakan tidak aman (unsafe act) untuk mencegah terjadinya kecelakaan kerja di PT X tahun 2011. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional yang bersifat cross sectional dan kuesioner.Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah non random sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. populasi yang diteliti adalah pekerja di PT X sebanyak 47 orang responden. Berdasarkan data penelitian, tindakan tidak aman yang paling sering dilakukan adalah tidak menggunakan alat pelindung diri (25,53%), mengangkat beban dengan posisi janggal (12,77%) dan bersenda gurau berlebihan saat bekerja (12,77%). Penyebab munculnya tindakan tidak aman pada para pekerja berasal dari manajemen, beban kerja dan kelelahan, ergonomi atau disain tempat kerja, dan karakteristik individu.Occupational accidents are unexpected events that occur in the workplace, and the journey to and from workplace. Factors that cause accidents include human labor, equipment, hazards, and the environment. This study aims to determine the causes of unsafe acts to prevent the occurrence of occupational accidents in the PT X in 2011. The design study is a cross sectional observational nature and the quesionaire.

The sampling method used is non-random sampling with a purposive sampling technique. The studied population are workers at PT X by 47 respondents. Based on research data, unsafe action is most often done is to not use personal protective equipment (25.53%), lifting weights with odd positions (12.77%) and excessive joking at work (12.77%). Cause of unsafe acts for workers coming from management, workload and fatigue, ergonomics or design workplace, and individual characteristics."

"[Industri konstruksi merupakan salah satu industri yang mempunyai potensi bahaya tinggi yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kecelakaan, dimana menempati urutan jumlah kecelakaan tertinggi bila dibandingkan dengan sektor lain. PT. XYZ merupakan kontraktor pembangunan gedung ABC yang telah menerapkan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja, namun masih terdapat kasus kecelakaan. Berdasarkan data analisa kecelakaan PT. XYZ, penyebabnya sebagian besar adalah perilaku tidak aman pekerja.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku tidak aman pekerja konstruksi pada proyek pembangunan gedung ABC Jakarta. Desain penelitian cross sectional, menggunakan kuesioner, analisis data mengunakan uji chi square dan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan ada hubungan pengetahuan, persepsi, motivasi dan dukungan teman kerja dengan perilaku tidak aman pekerja, sedangkan pengawasan dan ketersediaan sarana prasarana tidak ada hubungan dengan perilaku tidak aman. Berdasarkan analisa regresi logistik ganda, variabel persepsi mempunyai nilai OR paling besar yaitu 4,328 sehingga persepsi merupakan faktor paling dominan mempengaruhi terjadinya perilaku tidak aman.Disarankan bagi PT. XYZ untuk mengembangkan pendekatan yang sistematis dan aplikatif dalam rangka pencegahan perilaku tidak aman, salah satunya dengan program Behaviour Base Safety (BBS); melaksanakan pelatihan berkala untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, persepsi dan motivasi sehingga menumbuhkan kepedulian pekerja terhadap keselamatan kerja; meningkatkan keterlibatan mandor dalam mengawasi pekerja berorientasi keselamatan pekerja.

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The construction industry is one of the industries that has high hazard potential for accidents. It ranks the highest number of accidents compared to other sectors. PT. XYZ is a building contractor of ABC project who has implemented occupational safety and health management system, but cases of accidents are still there. Based on the PT. XYZ accident data analysis, the accidents are mostly caused by unsafe behavior of the workers.This study wants to determine the factors that were associated with unsafe behavior of construction workers on the ABC building project in Jakarta. The study uses a cross-sectional study design and questionnaire. Chi square test and multiple logistic regressions were used to analyze data. The chi square test showed correlations between knowledge, perception, motivation and co-workers support and unsafe behavior of workers, while supervision and the availability of facilities were not associated with unsafe behavior. Based on the multiple logistic regressions analysis, the perception variable has the biggest OR value (4.328). It means that the perception is the most dominant variable influencing the occurrence of unsafe behavior.PT. XYZ is suggested to develop systematic and applied approaches in order to prevent unsafe behavior. Some of the approaches are Behavior Based Safety (BBS) program and regular training program to increase the worker?s knowledge, perception and motivation so that the safety concerns of the workers can be raised. Additional program is to increase the involvement of foreman in overseeing the workers? by safety-oriented workers., The construction industry is one of the industries that has high hazard potential foraccidents. It ranks the highest number of accidents compared to other sectors.PT. XYZ is a building contractor of ABC project who has implementedoccupational safety and health management system, but cases of accidents are stillthere. Based on the PT. XYZ accident data analysis, the accidents are mostlycaused by unsafe behavior of the workers. This study wants to determine thefactors that were associated with unsafe behavior of construction workers on theABC building project in Jakarta. The study uses a cross-sectional study designand questionnaire. Chi square test and multiple logistic regressions were used toanalyze data. The chi square test showed correlations between knowledge,perception, motivation and co-workers support and unsafe behavior of workers,while supervision and the availability of facilities were not associated with unsafebehavior. Based on the multiple logistic regressions analysis, the perceptionvariable has the biggest OR value (4.328). It means that the perception is the mostdominant variable influencing the occurrence of unsafe behavior. PT. XYZ issuggested to develop systematic and applied approaches in order to prevent unsafebehavior. Some of the approaches are Behavior Based Safety (BBS) program andregular training program to increase the worker’s knowledge, perception andmotivation so that the safety concerns of the workers can be raised. Additionalprogram is to increase the involvement of foreman in overseeing the workers’ bysafety-oriented workers.]"

"ABSTRAKOccupational accidents and diseases remain the global health problem, two main factors for this are unsafe behavior and conditions. Previous study proved that the main cause is unsafe behavior factor. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with occupational unsafe behavior in workers at PT IAW and analyze the most influential factor. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2016 with 104 samples. Independent variables consisted of perception, communication, supervision, the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), training and workplace temperature. While the dependent variable was unsafe behavior. Data analysis used Pearson product moment and multiple linear regression. In conclusion, perception (p value=0.00, R=0.817), communication (p value=0.000, R=0.810), supervision (p value=0.00, R=0.529), availability of PPE (p=0.000, R=0.902) and workplace temperature are related significantly, very strong, positive and directly proportional to unsafe behavior, while training (p value=0.092, R=0.166) are not related. Perception is the most dominant variable influencing unsafe behavior."