Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Telah dilakukan pemeriksaan profil hormon ovari pada tikus betina (Rattus norvegicus) menggunakan FTIR. Penelitian bertujuan memperoleh gambaran atau profil fluktuasi kadar hormon ovari sepanjang siklus estrus. Sampel darah dari sepuluh ekor tikus pada sepanjang siklus estrus yang ditentukan melalui ulas vagina dianalisis melalui FTIR. Diperoleh hasil 3 gugus fungsi spesifik dari progesteron pada masing-masing bilangan gelombangnya berturut-turut sebagai berikut keton (CO) pada 1726 cm-1, metil (CH3)1375 cm-1, dan metil keton (COCH3) 1350 cm-1. Nilai absorbansi gugus fungsi spesifik progesteron diperoleh dan dikonversi dengan nilai absorbansi asam karboksilat (COOH), gugus fungsi spesifik dari hemoglobin pada bilangan gelombang 1425 cm-1 yaitu 0,258 %. Selanjutnya, nilai absorbansinya dikonversi ke dalam konsentrasi (ng/ml) sehingga menghasilkan kadar yang berfluktuasi sepanjang siklus estrus berkisar antara berkisar antara 12,135?39,387 ng/ ml untuk keton; 7,995?35,702 ng/ml untuk metil; dan 7,542?39,249 ng/ml untuk metil keton.

---

Research in determining progesterone concentration on female rat (Rattus norvegicus) using FTIR has been conducted. The aim of this research was to describe ovarian hormone profile is through rat?s estrous cycle. Blood samples from ten females which were taken as long as estrus cycle determined by vaginal smear, analyzed by FTIR . The results indicated three specific functional groups of progesterone in each successive wave numbers as follows: ketone (CO) at 1726 cm-1, methyl (CH3) at 1375 cm-1, dan methyl ketone (COCH3) at 1350 cm-1. Absorbance value of specific functional groups of progesterone are obtained and compared with absorbance values of carboksilate acid group (COOH), specific functional groups of hemoglobin in the wave number 1425 cm-1 which is 0.258%. Furthemore, converted into concentration (ng/ml) to generated levels of fluctuating group specifically ketones throughout the cycle ranged from 12,135 to 39,387 ng/ ml, whereas methyl ranged from 7,995 to 35,702 ng/ml and methyl ketones ranged from 7,542 to 39,249 ng/ml."

"Tujuan: menganalisis ekspresi protein sitoglobin (Cygb) pada hati tikus yang mengalami stres oksidatif akibat induksi CC4 dan yang diberi perlindungan dengan antioksidao N-asetil sistein (NAC). Hasil: stres oksidatif pada hati tikus yang diinduksi CC4 ditunjukkan oleb menurunnya aktivitas spesifik kstalase dan meningkatnya kadat senyawa dikarbonil. Titer Cygb menurun pada kelompok yang diberi CCl4. Tidak ada perbedaan betmalma antara titer Cygb pada tikus yang dilindungl NAC sebelum atau sesuadah CCl4. Kesimpulan: Titer Cygb menurun pada induksi CCl4 setelah dua hari dan mendukung hipotesis bahwa Cygb berperan mencegah stres oksidatif. Penurunan titer Cygb setara dengan kerusakan oksidatif.

---

Aim: to analyze the expression of Cygb in rat liver under oxidative stress induced by carbon tetrochloride (CCI4) and protected by antioxidant N-acetyl cystein.

Result: oxidate stress induced by CCI4 in rat liver decreases specific octivlty of catalase and increases the content of dicarbonyl. Titer of Cygb is decreased in groups induced by CCI4,. There is no significant difference in rats with NAC before and qfler CCI4.

Conclusion: Titer of Cygb is decreased qfler 2 days oxidative stress and support the hypothesis that GYgb is play role against oxidative stress. The decrease of Cygb titer is equal with oxidative damage."

"Background: The purpose of this study was to provide a reference of chronic diabetes complications by investigatingthe prolonged hyperglycemia effects on hematological, biochemical and histopathological changes (liver, kidney,spleen, cardiac muscle, adrenal gland, and endocrine pancreas) in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. Methods:Ten adult female Sprague-Dawley of uniform age were divided into two Groups. Group 1 was made diabetic by singleintraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg/bw) whereas Group 2 served as control. After six months, the ratswere anesthetized using pentobarbital. Cardiac puncture was performed to get 3 ml of the blood sample; following 12hours of an overnight fast. Serum chemistry test and complete blood analysis for lipid profile and blood glucose test;liver and renal functions were performed. Tissue specimens of liver, kidney, spleen, cardiac muscle, adrenal gland, andendocrine pancreas were fixed in 10% formal saline and processed for histological study. Results: There were severehistopathological changes in the affected organs; and the presence of a significant abnormality of lipid profile, liver, andrenal functions. Conclusions: The presence of histopathological changes with abnormal biochemical changes is relatedto the chronic absence of insulin production in the destroyed β –cells which reflect the diabetic complications in ahuman being."

"The purpose of this study was to provide a reference of chronic diabetes complications by investigating the prolonged hyperglycemia effects on hematological, biochemical and histopathological changes (liver, kidney, spleen, cardiac muscle, adrenal gland, and endocrine pancreas) in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin.

Methods: Ten adult female Sprague-Dawley of uniform age were divided into two Groups. Group 1 was made diabetic by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg/bw) whereas Group 2 served as control. After six months, the rats were anesthetized using pentobarbital. Cardiac puncture was performed to get 3 ml of the blood sample; following 12 hours of an overnight fast. Serum chemistry test and complete blood analysis for lipid profile and blood glucose test; liver and renal functions were performed. Tissue specimens of liver, kidney, spleen, cardiac muscle, adrenal gland, and endocrine pancreas were fixed in 10% formal saline and processed for histological study.

Results: There were severe histopathological changes in the affected organs; and the presence of a significant abnormality of lipid profile, liver, and renal functions.

Conclusions: The presence of histopathological changes with abnormal biochemical changes is related to the chronic absence of insulin production in the destroyed β ?cells which reflect the diabetic complications in a human being."

"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan keamanan dan efek toksik vegeta yang di berikan secara oral selama 90 hari pada tikus."

"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan keamanan dan efek toksik Vegeta yang diberikan secam oral selama 90 hari pada tikus. Delapan puluh tikus strain Spragite-Dawley dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok. Titip kelompok lerdiii dari 20 tikus, 10 jantan dan 10 betina. Tiap kelompok masing-masing mendapat Vegeta 0,25 g/kg BB; 0,50 g/kg BB; 1,00 g/kg BB (dilantlkan daiam akuades). dan kelompok kontrol mendapat 5,00 ml/ kg BB akuades secara oral memahii xoude lambung selama 90 hari. Berat badan dan tingkah laku tikus tiap hari dievaluasi. Pada hari ke 90 hcwan coba didekapitasi, sampel da rah diambil untuk dinilai kadar hemoglobin, lekosit, SGPT, SCOT, kreatinin, dan ureitrn. Organ daiam juga diambil, dilimbang dan diperiksa secara mikroskopis. Hasil meniinjukkan bahwa Vegeta dosis 0,25 g/kg BB; 0,50 g/kg BB; dan 1,00 g/kg BB tidak inempengarulii berat badan, fungsi luiti dan fungsi ginja! dtbandingkun kelompok kontmi Dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol, tidak didapaikan perbedaan bennakna dalam nilai hemoglobin, tefapi hilling lekosit meningkat pada kelompok yang mendapat 1,00 g/kg BB Vegeta, yang kemungkinan disebabkan oleh infeksi. Berat ofak dan limpa tikus jantan, dan berat paru dan jantung tikus betina pada kelompok Vegeta berbeda dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Tetapi karena perbedaan berat tidak dose related dan tidak didapatkan kelainan mikroskopis yang spexifik dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. ini meniinjukkan bukan merupakan efek toksik Vegeta. Nilai No observed effect level (NOEL) Vegeta 90 hart pemberian secant oral pada tikus jantan dan betina strain Sprague-Dawley adalah 1,00 g/kg BB. (Med J Indones 2006; 15:223-8).

---

The objective of this study was to determine the safety and toxic effect of Vegeta giving orally for a period of 90 days in rats. Eighty rats ofSpragtie-Dawley strain were randomly devided into 4 groups. Each group consists of 20 rats, 10 male and 10 female rats. Each group received 0.25 g/kgBW; 0.50 g /kgBW; 1.00 g /kgBW Vegeta (in ac/uades! solution) respectively, and the control group received 5 niL/kgBW aquadest , given orally by gastric tube for 90 days. The rat's body weight and behavior were daily evaluated. On the 901'1 day, the rats were decapitated and the blood samples were withdrawn for evaluation of Hemoglobin, leucocyte, SGPT, SCOT, creatinine, and ureum concentration. Visceral organs were also removed, being weighted and were examined microscopically. The results showed that Vegeta with dose of 0.25 g / kgBW; 0.50 g / kgBW, and ].00 g / kgBW did not affect body weight, liver and renal function compared to control group. There was no significant difference for hemoglobin value compared to control group, but the number of leucocyte increased in 1.00 g / kgBW Vegeta dose group, which was possibly caused by infection. In Vegeta group, there was different spleen and brain weight in male rals, and different lung and heart weight in female rats compared to the control group. However, since it was not dose-related and there was no specific abnormality in microscopic examination compared to the control group, it was not indicated as Vegeta toxic effect. The No observed effect level (NOEL) value of Vegeta for 90 day oral administration in male and female rats of Sprague-Dawley strain was 1.00 g/kgBW. (Med J Indones 2006; 15:223-8)."

"Ruang lingkup dan cara penelitian: Kurkumin adalah salah satu zat aktif dari tanaman kurkuma yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia dan sudah lama digunakan sebagai obat, diantaranya untuk penyakit hati. Penelitian kurkumin sebagai hepatoprotektor sudah banyak dilakukan, namun mekanismenya belum diketahui dengan jelas. Beberapa hasil penelitian in vivo pada tikus dan mencit maupun in vitro dengan menggunakan mikrosom hati dan hepatosit tikus, menunjukkan bahwa kurkumin efektif sebagai antioksidan, menghambat enzim sitokrom P450, siklooksigenase dan lipooksigenase serta menghambat proses peroksidasi lipid.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang mekanisme kerja kurkumin sebagai hepatoprotektor, dengan mempelajari efek kurkumin pada mitokondria hati tikus (galur Wistar) terisolasi, menggunakan t-BuOOH sebagai model untuk menimbulkan cedera oksidatif. Isolasi mitokondria dilakukan dengan cara sentrifugasi bertingkat. Fraksi mitokondria yang diperoleh dibagi 4 bagian, masing-masing untuk pengukuran aktivitas enzim suksinat dehidrogenase (SDH) dan sitokrom c oksidase (CCO), kadar glutation (GSH) dan malondialdehid (MDA). Tiap bagian dibagi 9 kelompok. Dalam pengukuran tersebut mitokondria diinkubasi pada suhu 37° C selama 30 menit, dengan atau tanpa penambahan t-BuOOH, dan dengan atau tanpa pemberian kurkumin. Pengukuran ke empat parameter dilakukan secara spektrofotometri pada panjang gelombang 600 nm (untuk SDH), 550 nm (untuk CCO), 412 nm (untuk GSH), dan 530 nm (untuk MDA).Hasil dan kesimpulan: Mitokondria diisolasi cukup baik (RSA untuk SDH = 32.59 dan untuk CCO = 72.18). Penambahan t-BuOOH pada mitokondria terisolasi mengakibatkan deplesi GSH (78 %) yang diikuti oleh peningkatan kadar MDA (125 %), penurunan aktivitas SDH (20 %), dan CCO (22 %). Perubahan ini dapat dihambat oleh kurkumin pada dosis berbeda. Pada dosis 500 RM, kurkumin dapat meningkatkan kadar GSH (50 %) disertai dengan penurunan kadar MDA (45 %), namun tidak diikuti oleh peningkatan aktivitas SDH dan CCO, mungkin dosis ini merupakan dosis toksik untuk enzim SDH dan CCO. Peningkatan aktivitas SDH (23 %) dan CCO (20 %) terlihat pada dosis 5 RM. inkubasi mitokondria mengakibatkan penurunan aktivitas SDH dan CCO dan peningkatan kadar GSH dan MDA, dimana kurkumin tidak mampu melindungi perubahan tersebut, kecuali untuk MDA. Meskipun GSH tidak terlibat langsung pada kegiatan respirasi mitokondria, namun GSH sangat berperan dalam mengontrol ststus redoks di mitokondria serta memelihara integritas membran melalui perlindungan gugus SH protein di membran. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa kurkumin dapat mencegah kerusakanl gangguan fungsi mitokondria pada rentang dosis 5 - 500 W.

---

Field and methodology : Curcumin is an active substances of Curcuma, a plant which is abundantly found in Indonesia. and has traditionally been used as herbal medicine, for instance for liver diseases. There have been many studies carried out on cm-cumin as a hepatoprotective agent. However, the mechanism underlying the protective effects are not known. Some in vivo studies on rate and mice as well as in vitro studies using rat liver microsomes and hepatocytes, showed that cu-cumin is an effective antioxidant, that it causes inhibition of cytochrom P450, cyclooxygenase and lipooxygenase activities and lipid peroxidation . The present study was performed to find out some information on the mechanism of action of curcumin as a hepatoprotective agent, using isolated mitochondria from rat (Wistar) liver as a model and t BuOOH as an oxidative inducing --- agent. The liver mitochondria were isolated using differential cenirifiugatien_.On the isolated mitochondria. was determine the activities of succinate dihydrogenase (SDH) and cytochrome a oxidase (CCO) and the contens of reduced glutatione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). In each determination mitochondria) fractions were incubated at 37°C for 30 min, in the presence and absence of t-BuOOH, and with or without cm-cumin. The biochemical parameters were determined spectrophtometrically at 600 nm (SDH), 550 um (CC 0), 412 nm (GSH), 530 um (MDA).

Results and conclusion : The mitochondria was purified to high degree (RSA for SDH and CCO, respectively were 33 and 72). The protein yield was 43 mgfg liver wet weight. The addition of t-BuOOH on isolated mitochondria caused GSH depletion (78 %) and increase MDA (125 %) and decrease activites of SDH (20 %) and CCO (22 %). The biochemical alteration could be inhibited by cm-cumin at various concentrations. At 500p.M, cm-cumin could increase GSH level (50 %) and decrease MDA (45 %), but could not increase the activities of SDH and CCO; it appeared that at the concentration cm-cumin was toxic for SDH and CCO. Increase activity of SDH (23 %) and CCO (20 %) was found at the concentration of 51A.M of curcumin. Incubation of mitochondria alone cause decrease activities of SDH and CCO and increase of level GSH and MDA, whereas cm-cumin had no protection, except on MDA level. Although GSH is not directly involved in the activity of mitochondria! respiration, this peptide play a significant role in controlling the redox status of the mitochondria and preserving the membrane integrity through maintaining the thiol contents in the membrane protein. This study demonstrates the protective effects of curcurnin wind oxidative damage of the liver mitochondria in the range of 5 - 500 µM"

"Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh dari macam lemak dalam diet terhadap kemampuan belajar dan komposisi asam lemak otak pada tikus putih. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dua eksperimen secara terpisah. Dalam ekperimen pertama, terhadap dua kelompok tikus yang sedang bunting, masing-masing diberikan suatu diet eksperimen (dalam bentuk pelet) yang mengandung 9% lemak yang berupa minyak kelapa atau minyak kedele, dimulai sekitar dua minggu sebelum melahirkan. Setelah disapih kepada anak-anak tikus tetap diberikan diet yang sama dengan induk sampai dilakukan uji kemampuan belajar dan selanjutnya dibunuh Eksperimen kedua dirancang serupa dengan ekperimen pertama kecuali diet yang diberikan disini (berbentuk tepung) mengandung 9% minyak kedele atau minyak ikan Diet yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah isoenergitik dan isonitrogen. Terhadap anak-anak tikus (jantan don betina dalam berbagai umur) dilakukan apa yang disebut.passive avoidance test, food retrieval test, dan small open field test_Konsentrasi kolesterol don trigliserida dalam plasma darah diukur, dan komposisi asam lemak pada otak don plasma, balk pada tikus induk maupun pada anak-anaknya jugs dianalisis Jika dibandingkan dengan minyak kelapa, minyak kedele menurunkan konsentrasi kolesterol dan trigliserida dalam plasma darah pada tikus induk dan keturunannya yang betina. Pada keturunan yang jantan efek ini hanya terlihat pada minyak ikan jika dibandingkan dengan minyak kedele. Dibandingkan dengan minyak kelapa, minyak kedele secara bermakna meningkatkan median latency dalam passive avoidance test balk pada keturunan yang jantan maupun yang betina Minyak ikan dan minyak kedele memberikan latency yang serupa. Macam asam lemak dalam diet ternyata tidak memberikan dampak terhadap hasil food retrieval test maupun small open field test. Komposisi asam lemak otak pada tikus induk secara bermakna dipengaruhi oleh macam asam lemak dalam diet. Dibandingkan dengan minyak kelapa, minyak kedele meningkatkan persentase asam linoleat (C18:2n--6) dan asam dokosapentaenoat (C22:5n-3). Sedangkan minyak ikan bila dibandingkan dengan minyak kedele menurunkan konsentrasi asam linoleat, dan asam arakhidonat (C20:4n-6), tetapi meningkatkan konsentrasi eicosapentaenoat (C20:5n-3) dan asam docosaheksaenoat (C22:6n-3). Efek serupa terlihat pada tikus keturunannya, baik yang jantan maupun yang betina. Akan tetapi selain itu bila dibandinghkan dengan minyak kelapa, minyak kedele juga menaikkan persentase asam dokosaheksaenoat dan asam dokosapentaenoat dan menurunkan asam dokosatetraenoat (C22:4 n--6). Pengaruh minyak ikan dalam diet terhadap komposisi asam lemak lipid plasma sangat jelas terlihat balk pada tikus induk maupun keturunannya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada kondisi ekperimen yang di_terapkan, macam asam lemak dalam diet dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan belajar pada tikus; pengaruh ini tidak tergantung dari aspek ketaj aman penglihatan (visualacuity). Dibandingkan dengan minyak kelapa, minyak kedele meningkatkan kemampuan belajar, sedangkan minyak ikan jika dibandingkan dengan minyak kedele tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap kemampuan belajar Komposisi asam lemak pada otak dipengaruhi oleh macam asam lemak dalam diet, tapi tidak ada hubungan jelas antara perubahan komposisi asam lemak otak dengan perubahan dalam kemampuan belajar yang disebabkan oleh perubahan macaw lemak dalam diet. Komposisi asam lemak otak juga dipengaruhi oleh asam lemak dalam diet, tetapi tidak ditemukan hubungan yang jelas antara perubahan komposisi asam lemak otak dengan kemampuan belajar pada tikus.

---

The effects of the type of fat in the diet on learning ability and brain lipid composition in rats have been studied Two separate experiments were performed. In experiment 1 pregnant rats received a purified diet (in pelleted form) containing 9% w/w of, either coconut fat or soybean oil as from two weeks before parturition After weaning the offspring remained on their mother's diet until they were tested and subsequently killed. In the second experiment, a similar design was fopllowed out, but the diets (in meal form) contained either 9% w/w soybean oil or fish oil The diets used were isoenergetic and isonitrogeneous.

With the offspring (males and females at different ages) the so called passive avoidance test, food retrieval test and small-open-field test were performed. In blood plasma of dams and offspring, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were determined Fatty acid composition of whole brain and plasma from both the dams and offspring was analyzed. Soybean oil versus coconut fat and fish oil versus soybean oil were found to lower group mean plasma concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides in the dams and female offspring_ In the male offspring, however, this effect was seen only for fish oil versus soybean oil. Soybean oil versus coconut fat significantly increased median latency in the passive avoidance test in both male and female offspring_ Fish oil and soybean oil in did produced similar latencies_ The type of fat in the diet had no impact on results of the food-retrieval test or small-open-field test.

Brain fatty acid composition in the dams was significantly affected by the type of fat in the diet. Soybean oil versus coconut fat significantly raised the percentage of linoleic acid (C18.2n-6) and that of docosapentaenoic acid (C22.5n--3)_ Fish oil versus soybean oil lowered the amount of linoleic acid and arachidonic acid (C20=4n-6) but elevated the proportion of eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22;6n-3)_ In the offspring similar effects were seen, but soybean oil versus coconut fat also raised percentage of docosahexaenoic acid and fish oil versus soybean oil lowered that of docosatetraenoic acid (C22:4n-6). The impact of fish oil on fatty acid composition of plasma lipids was-quite obvious.

It is concluded that under the experimental conditions applied, the type of fat in the diet may influence learning ability in rats, this influence being independent of any aspect of visual acuity_ Compared with coconut fat, soybean oil improved learning ability, whereas fish oil and soybean oil did not differently influence learning ability The fatty acid composition of whole brain lipids was influenced by diet, but there was no clear relation between changes of brain fatty acid composition and changes in learning ability as induced by altered dietary fat type."