Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi pangan probiotik pada mahasiswi Program Studi Gizi Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia tahun 2011. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara sampel jenuh pada mahasiswi Program Studi Gizi seluruh angkatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsumsi terakhir pangan probiotik pada > 4 minggu lalu sebesar 37,4%, disusul oleh responden yang mengonsumsi pangan probiotik pada < 2 minggu lalu yakni 34,6%, konsumsi 2-4 minggu lalu sebesar 27,9%. Pihak yang menganjurkan konsumsi adalah inisiatif sendiri yakni 86,3%, sebagian besar mengaku merasakan manfaat dari konsumsi probiotik yakni 56,9%, tidak melihat saran/petunjuk pemakaian produk yakni sebesar 72,1%, dan responden mengkonsumsi dua merek produk pangan probiotik sebesar 50,3%. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan responden mengenai probiotik adalah 38,84 poin dari skor maksimal 80 poin. Sebanyak 44,7% memiliki uang saku Rp.0-Rp 500.000, memiliki skor aktivitas fisik 0,7184, tidak memiliki riwayat konstipasi dalam satu bulan terakhir sebesar 83,1%, dan memiliki rata-rata frekuensi keterpaparan media promosi mengenai probiotik sebanyak 29,15 kali dalam satu bulan. Hubungan yang bermakna hanya ditemui pada variabel aktivitas fisik (p=0,016), sedangkan variabel lainnya tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan yakni hubungan konsumsi pangan probiotik sebagai variabel dependent dengan pengetahuan (p=0,173), besar uang saku (p=0,695), riwayat konstipasi dalam satu bulan terakhir (p=0,915), dan media promosi probiotik (p=0,833) sebagai variabel independen. Dibutuhkan penelitian lanjutan pada kelompok usia yang berbeda dengan penambahan variabel penelitian seperti kebiasaan makan.

---

This study aims to determine the factors associated with the consumption of probiotic foods in female students of Nutrition Program of Public Health Faculty at the University of Indonesia in 2011. This study is a quantitative study using cross-sectional study design and sampling is done by saturated sampling of students at Nutrition Program Study throughout the year. The result showed final consumption of probiotic foods in > 4 weeks ago are 37,4%, followed by respondents who consumed probiotic foods at < 2 weeks ago are 34,6%, consumption of 2-4 weeks ago are 27,9%. Students that promote the consumption their own initiative are 86,3%, most claim to feel the benefits of probiotic foods consumption are 56,9%, did not see a suggestion/user of products are 72,1%, and the respondents consume two brands of probiotic food products are 50,3%. An average score of knowledge about probiotics is 38,84 points from 80 maximum points. A total of 44,7% had an allowance (per month) of Rp.0-Rp.500.000, an average score of physical activity are is 0,7184, no history of constipation in the past month are 83,1%, and has an average 29,15 time in a month of exposure to media promotion of probiotics. A significant association was only found on the variable of physical activity (p=0,016), whereas other variables had no significant relationship which is the relationship of food consumption of probiotic foods as a dependent variable with knowledge, (p=0,173), large pocket money (p=0,695), history of constipation in the past month (p=0,915), and media promotion (p=0,833) as independent variables. Further research is needed in different age groups with the addition of the study variables such as eating habit.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian pemanfaatan enzim urikase dari Lactobacillus plantarum Mar 8 dan KMar C2 sebagai probiotik dalam cokelat untuk mendegradasi asam urat. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui cara pembuatan mikrokapsul, menguji viabilitas L. plantarum dalam mikrokapsul dan cokelat, serta menganalisis penurunan kadar asam urat sebelum, selama dan sesudah mengkonsumsi cokelat probiotik. Bakteri L. plantarum disalut menggunakan susu skim 10% dan lemak cokelat 3% dibuat menjadi mikrokapsul dengan metode spray drying. Viabilitas L. plantarum diukur pada kondisi sebelum enkapsulasi, setelah enkapsulasi, setelah penyimpanan dan cokelat itu sendiri. Cokelat probiotik digunakan untuk terapi responden dengan kadar asam urat 4,0-10,0 mg/dL untuk perempuan dan 5,0-10,0 mg/dL untuk laki-laki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembuatan mikrokapsul berhasil dengan jumlah rendenem 45,21% dan penurunan viabilitas 1 log dari 1,04 x 10 cfu/g menjadi 1,925 x 10 cfu/g. Hasil viabilitas mikrokapsul dalam cokelat 1,7 x 10 cfu/g sehingga konsentrasi probiotik 3,4 x 10 cfu/g, memenuhi syarat sebagai probiotik. Aktivitas enzim urikase pada L. plantarum campuran Mar8+KMar C2 sebesar 0,567 U/mL. Asam urat pada responden intervensi mengalami penurunan setelah mengkonsumsi cokelat probiotik sebanyak 74% total responden. Kadar asam urat mengalami penurunan secara signifikan pada responden intervensi dan konsumsi makanan dengan purin tidak memengaruhi proses penurunan kadar asam urat selama responden mengkonsumsi cokelat probiotik

---

ABSTRACT
The research using uricase enzymes from Lactobacillus plantarum Mar 8 and KMar C2 as probiotics in chocolate to degrade uric acid. The research purpose study of maked microcapsules, viability of L. plantarum in microcapsules and chocolate, analyze the decreased in uric acid levels before, during and after consuming probiotic chocolate. L. plantarum bacteria was coated using 10% skim milk and 3% chocolate fat made into microcapsules with spray drying method. The assay used in viability research in conditions before encapsulation, after encapsulation, after storage and in chocolate. Probiotic chocolate is used for respondent decreased with uric acid levels 4.0 - 10.0 mg / dL for women and 5.0 - 10.0 mg / dL for men. The result making a microcapsule was successful, proved performed with the acquisition of 45.21% rendenam and viability decreased by 1 log from 1.04 x 10 cfu g to 1.925 x 10 cfu/g. The result in chocolate is 1.7 x 10 cfu/g and concentration for probiotic is 3.4 x 107 cfu/g, so that chocolate can be used as a probiotic. The uricase enzyme activity in L. plantarum mixed Mar 8 + KMar C2 was 0.567 U/mL. Uric acid in respondents increased 74% of the total intervention respondents. Uric acid levels increased a significant decreased in the intervention respondents and consumption of food with purines did not affect the process of decreasing uric acid levels during the respondents consuming chocolate probiotics

Abstrak :
Abstrak
Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Malumbi. Kabupaten Sumba Timur, Nusa Tengara Timur. Sasaran kegiatan adalah kelompok Tani Tunas Baru dan kelompok Tani Malumbi. Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk memberikan ilmu dan informasi tentang teknik budidaya ikan yang baik dan benar serta aplikasi probiotik EM 4 dalam pakan pada kedua kelompok tani tersebut. Kegiatan ini berupa workshop dan pedampingan praktik. Pengabdian yang dilakukan memberikan ilmu dan wawasan yang baru pada kedua kelompok tani tersebut. Kegiatan budidaya tersebut meliputi tahap persiapan kolam pemeliharaan, teknik pemupukan, teknik penebaran benih dalam wadah baru, teknik pemberian pakan yang baik dan benar, serta sistem pergantian air. Selain itu, pendampingan terkait dengan aplikasi probiotikjuga dilakukan. Hasil pendampingan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian probiotik EM-4 memberikan hasil yang baik terhadap laju pertumbuhan dan kelulusan hidup ikan, masing-masing sebesar 18% dan 80% jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Diharapkan petani ikan pada kelompok Tunas Baru dan Tani Malumbi dapat menerapkan ilmu yang telah diterapkan selama satu bulan pendampingan.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Pada penderita Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) terdapat defek pada sel T regulator baik dalam hal jumlah maupun fungsi sel T regulator. Pemberian probiotik dalam hal ini pemberian Lactabacillus reuteri diharapkan mampu menstimulasi timbulnya respon imun yang bersifat imunoregulator dengan cara meningkatkan jumlah sel T regulator dan menurunkan produksi IL6. Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian probiotik terhadap toleransi sistem imun penderita SLE melalui perubahan kadar T regulator (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) dan IL 6. Metode :30 subjek pasien SLE dengan manifestasi ringan yang datang ke poliklinik Alergi Imunologi RSCM, diberikan probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri (15 orang) dan placebo (15 orang) selama 8 minggu. CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ dan IL 6 diperiksa sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan menggunakan flowcytometri dan pemeriksaan ELISA. Hasil : Pemberian Lactobacillus reuteri selama 8 minggu meningkatkan kadarCD4+CD25+FoxP3+secara bermakna (1,38+ 8,36% VS 3,71+3,17% ; P=0,007 ; CI =-3,91 ? -0,74) . Terdapat penurunan kadar IL 6 setelah perlakuan, baik pada kelompok yang diberikan Lactobacillus reuteri (4,76+5,75 pg/ml VS 3,7 +3,36 pg/ml ; P=0,25 ; CI -0,83- 2,9) maupun pada kelompok placebo ( 2,6+2,02 pg/ml VS 2,07+2,39 ; P= 0,35 ; CI = -0,57 ? 1,52). Namun begitu, pada akhir penelitian perubahan tersebut tidak menimbulkan perbedaan bermakna kadar CD4+CD25+FoxP3+dan IL 6antara kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan :Terjadi peningkatan bermakna kadar CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ pada kelompok yang diberikan probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri selama 8 minggu.

---

ABSTRACT
Backgroud : In patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) there are abnormality on T lymphocytes, including the existence of a defect in the regulatory T cells both in terms of number and function. Giving probiotic, in this case Lactabacillus reuteri administration, is expected to stimulate the immune response to be more tolerance by increasing the number of regulatory T cells and decreasing the IL6 production. Aim : To know the effect of probiotic (Lactobacillus reuteri ) on the immune system of patients with SLE through changes in the levels of regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+) and IL 6 Method :Thirty ofSLE patients with mild manifestations, who came to Allergy and Immunology Clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, were given the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (15 people) and placebo (15 people) for 8 weeks. CD4+ CD25 + FoxP3+ and IL 6 were examined before and after exposure using flowcytometri and ELISA. We then analyzed the levels of CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + and IL6 before and after exposure. Result : Administration of Lactobacillus reuteri for 8 weeks brought statistically significant improvement on CD4+ CD25 + FoxP3 +level (1,38+ 8.36% + 3.17% vs. 3.71; P = 0.007; CI = -3.91 - -0.74). There were decreased level of IL 6 in Lactobacillus reuteri group (4.76 + 5.75 pg / ml VS3,71 + 3.36 pg / ml; P = 0.25; CI - 0,83- 2, 9) and the placebo group (2.6 + 2.02 pg / ml vs. 2.07 + 2.39; P = 0.35; CI = - 0.57 - 1.5). However,at the end of study, those changes didn?t make statistically significant difference of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ and IL 6 level between two group. Conclusion : A significant increase of the levels of CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + were found after 8 weeks Lactobacillus reuteri administration, Backgroud : In patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) there are abnormality on T lymphocytes, including the existence of a defect in the regulatory T cells both in terms of number and function. Giving probiotic, in this case Lactabacillus reuteri administration, is expected to stimulate the immune response to be more tolerance by increasing the number of regulatory T cells and decreasing the IL6 production. Aim : To know the effect of probiotic (Lactobacillus reuteri ) on the immune system of patients with SLE through changes in the levels of regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+) and IL 6 Method :Thirty ofSLE patients with mild manifestations, who came to Allergy and Immunology Clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, were given the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (15 people) and placebo (15 people) for 8 weeks. CD4+ CD25 + FoxP3+ and IL 6 were examined before and after exposure using flowcytometri and ELISA. We then analyzed the levels of CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + and IL6 before and after exposure. Result : Administration of Lactobacillus reuteri for 8 weeks brought statistically significant improvement on CD4+ CD25 + FoxP3 +level (1,38+ 8.36% + 3.17% vs. 3.71; P = 0.007; CI = -3.91 - -0.74). There were decreased level of IL 6 in Lactobacillus reuteri group (4.76 + 5.75 pg / ml VS3,71 + 3.36 pg / ml; P = 0.25; CI - 0,83- 2, 9) and the placebo group (2.6 + 2.02 pg / ml vs. 2.07 + 2.39; P = 0.35; CI = - 0.57 - 1.5). However,at the end of study, those changes didn’t make statistically significant difference of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ and IL 6 level between two group. Conclusion : A significant increase of the levels of CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + were found after 8 weeks Lactobacillus reuteri administration]

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Peradangan kronik saluran cerna seperti Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) berisiko menjadi karsinoma kolorektal, disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan mikrobiota komensal dan patogen. Dadih sebagai probiotik dapat mempertahankan keseimbangan mikrobiota usus sehingga mengurangi risiko radang usus. Untuk melihat keefektifan probiotik susu kerbau hasil fermentasi lokal berasal dari Sumatera Barat yang mengandung Bakteri Asam Laktat, dilakukan penelitian menggunakan hewan coba. Desain penelitian eksperimental menggunakan 4 kelompok mencit Balb/c terdiri dari 6 ekor per kelompok yakni, kelompok normal diberi aquades 8 minggu, kelompok (+) dadih diberi dadih 8 minggu (112 mg/20g/BB), kelompok (+) DSS mencit diberi DSS konsentrasi 3% sebanyak 3 siklus 6 minggu, serta kelompok uji diberi dadih 8 minggu dan DSS sebanyak 3 siklus. Mencit kemudian di-euthanasia dan diambil darah intrakardiak. Kadar sitokin TNF-alpha, IL-1β dan IL-10 diperiksa menggunakan Luminex dari serum. Dadih yang digunakan mengandung bakteri Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis sebanyak 3x107 CFU/gram. Ada beda signifikan kadar TNF-alpha (p=0,033) dan IL-1β (p=0,007) antar kelompok namun tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan IL-10 antar kelompok (p=0,091). Serta, ada beda signifikan kadar sitokin TNF-alpha mencit diberi dadih dan DSS dengan median kadar sitokin 26,641 (16,027-35,206) lebih rendah dibandingkan mencit yang hanya diberi DSS 41,220 (36,226-101,920) namun, median kadar sitokin IL-10 lebih tinggi sebesar 109,951 (92,621-130,436) dibandingkan mencit DSS sebesar 85,164 (57,292-111,548) serta tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan untuk IL-1β. Dadih sebagai probiotik dapat meningkatkan kadar sitokin anti-inflamasi dan menurunkan sitokin pro-inflamasi dalam keadaan radang. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa dadih dapat digunakan untuk mencegah terjadinya peradangan usus.

---

ABSTRACT
Chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) causes the imbalance between commensal and pathogen microbiota in the intestine. Dadih could improve the balance between commensal and pathogen bacteria, and also between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. Aim of this research is to see the effectiveness of probiotic made from locally fermented buffalo milk originating from West Sumatra using animal model. This in vivo experimental research used 4 groups of Balb/c mice consisted of 6 mice per group there are normal group mice indued by aquades for 8 weeks, DSS(+) group mice induced by dadih for 8 weeks with doses 112mg/20g/BB, DSS(+) group mice induced DSS with concentration 3% as much as 3 cycle for 6 weeks and the last treatment group mice induced dadih for 8 weeks and DSS dor 6 weeks. The further more, mice doing euthanasia and taking blood to get the serum. Serum will be using for cytokine investigation consist of TNF-alpha, IL-1β and IL-10 with Luminex. The results showed dadih contained Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis with 3x107 CFU/gram. The significant differences in TNF-alpha and IL-1β level with p = 0,033 and 0.007 respectively. However, there was no significant difference in IL-10 (p = 0.091). A further test was conducted to see the differences between groups the results showed that there were significant differences in TNF-alpha mice induced dadih+DSS group has median cytokine lower than DSS group equal to 26,641 (16,027-35,206) than 41,220 (36,226-101,920) but IL-10 cytokine dadih+DSS group has higher median cytokine 109,951 (92,621-130,436) than DSS group has 85,164 (57,292-111,548), but was no significant different at IL-1β cytokine. This research showed that dadih could enhance anti-inflammatory cytokines and suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, as locally made probiotic, dadih could be used to prevent intestinal inflammation.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: merupakan salah satu tindakan pembedahan yang mempengaruhi motilitas gastrointestinal. Penelitian Cihoric et al menunjukkan sebanyak 12,5% pasien pasca laparotomi mengalami komplikasi disfungsi gastrointestinal. Disfungsi pada motilitas gastrointestinal merupakan komplikasi yang sering terjadi pada prosedur pembedahan abdomen. Dari 100 pasien operasi laparotomi digestif, ditemukan sebanyak 40% pasien di ICU mengalami peningkatan gastric residual volume pada pasien pasca operatif laparotomi digestif. Pemberian suplementasi dengan Lactobaciillus acidophilus diketahui dapat meningkatkan motilitas gaster. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek hubungan antara pemberian probiotik Lactobacillus acidophillus dengan GRV. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental atau uji klinis acak tersamar ganda. Sebanyak 55 subjek yang mengikuti randomisasi, 54 subjek yang akan menjalani operasi laparotomi gastrointestinal dimasukkan ke dalam penelitian, 1 subjek drop out karena sepsis. Subjek penelitian diberikan kapsul probiotik Lactobacillus acidophilus 109 (kelompok probiotik) atau diberikan kapsul laktosa (kelompok plasebo) selama 3 hari sebelum operasi. Kadar GRV diukur 2 hari sesudah prosedur. Hasil: Dari 54 subjek dengan 27 subjek tiap kelompok mengikuti penelitian hingga selesai. Pada hari pertama (24 jam), GRV 24 jam dengan pemberian probiotik dan kelompok kontrol menunjukkan hasil yang tidak signifikan (p value 0,669). Pada hari ke 2 (48 jam), GRV 48 jam dengan pemberian probiotik dan kelompok kontrol menunjukkan hasil yang tidak signifikan (p value 1,000). Hasil yang tidak signifikan pada GRV 24 jam dan 48 jam dapat dipengaruhi faktor perancu yaitu geriatri, riwayat kelainan saraf, obesitas, riwayat penggunaan vasopressor, riwayat konsumsi opioid, hiperkapnia dan hiperglikemia selama di ICU. Simpulan: Pemberian probiotik Lactobacillus acidophilus dengan GRV tidak mempunyai efek hubungan dibandingkan dengan placebo. ......Background: Laparotomy is a surgical procedure that affects gastrointestinal motility. Research by Cihoric et al showed that 12.5% ​​of post-laparotomy patients experienced complications of gastrointestinal dysfunction. Dysfunction in gastrointestinal motility is a frequent complication of abdominal surgical procedures. Out of 100 patients with digestive laparotomy surgery, it was found that as many as 40% of patients in the ICU experienced an increase in gastric residual volume in postoperative digestive laparotomy patients. Supplementation with Lactobaciillus acidophilus is known to increase gastric motility. Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of the relationship between administration of Lactobacillus acidophillus probiotics and GRV. Methods: The study design used was an experimental or double-blind randomized clinical trial. A total of 55 subjects who followed the randomization, 54 subjects who would undergo gastrointestinal laparotomy were included in the study, 1 subject dropped out due to sepsis. Research subjects were given probiotic capsules Lactobacillus acidophilus 109 (probiotic group) or given lactose capsules (placebo group) for 3 days before surgery. GRV levels were measured 2 days after the procedure. Results: Of the 54 subjects with 27 subjects in each group, they followed the research to completion. On the first day (24 hours), the 24-hour GRV with the administration of probiotics and the control group showed insignificant results (p value 0.669). On day 2 (48 hours), GRV 48 hours with probiotic administration and the control group showed insignificant results (p value 1,000). Results that were not significant at GRV 24 hours and 48 hours could be influenced by confounding factors, geriatrics, history of neurological disorders, obesity, history of vasopressor use, history of consumption of opioids, hypercapnia and hyperglycemia while in the ICU. Conclusion: Administration of Lactobacillus Acidophilus probiotics with GRV had no association effect compared to placebo.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Mukositis merupakan salah satu efek samping yang timbul akibat kemoterapi. Mukositis menyebabkan timbulnya rasa sakit, ketidaknyamanan, kesulitan berbicara, menelan, makan, minum, kekurangan nutrisi, kelemahan sistemik hingga infeksi. Probiotik mengandung mikroorganisme nonpatogen yang memberikan manfaat bagi kesehatan dan membantu dalam pencegahan inflamasi pada rongga mulut. Beberapa studi telah melaporkan manfaat probiotik bagi kesehatan oral. Tujuan: Menganalisis efek probiotik Lactobacillus casei terhadap keadaan klinis mukosa oral pada anak dengan Leukemia Limfositik Akut yang menjalani kemoterapi sebelum berkumur probiotik L.casei, setelah berkumur L.casei selama 7 hari dan 14 hari. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian dilakukan di RS Kanker Dharmais dan RS Kramat 128. Sebelas pasien yang memenuhi kriteria. Tiga hari setelah pemberian kemoterapi, peneliti memeriksa keadaan klinis rongga mulut menggunakan Oral Assessment Guide (OAG). Pasien kemudian mulai berkumur probiotik L.casei dua kali sehari selama 7 hari dan 14 hari. Skor OAG diperiksa kembali setelah berkumur probiotik L.casei selama 7 hari dan 14 hari. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan skor OAG yang bermakna antara sebelum berkumur dengan setelah berkumur probiotik L.casei selama 7 hari dan 14 hari. Kesimpulan: Probiotik L.casei memberikan efek pada anak dengan leukemia limfositik akut yang menjalani kemoterapi dan dapat menjadi terapi alternatif terhadap mukositis oral. ......Mucositis is one of the side effects induced by chemotherapy. It results in pain, discomfort, difficulties in talking, swallowing, eating, drinking, poor nutrition, systemic weakness and life-threatening infections. Probiotics contain nonpathogenic live microorganisms that give benefit to our health and help in preventing inflammation in the oral cavity. Several studies have reported the use of probiotics for oral health purposes. Objective: To analyze the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei to clinical appearance of oral mucosa in children with Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia that underwent the chemotherapy process before gargling, 7 days after gargling, and 14 days after gargling with probiotic. Methods: The study was held in National Cancer Hospital “Dharmais” and Kramat 128 Hospital. Eleven patients were meet the criteria. Three days after the chemotherapy started, the researcher checked the patient’s oral mucosa condition using Oral Assessment Guide (OAG). Then the patient started to gargle the probiotic twice a day for 7 days and the researcher rechecked the score of oral mucositis after 7 days and 14 days. Results: There was a significance decreasing OAG score between before gargling with 7 days and 14 days after gargling L.casei probiotics. Conclusion: L.casei probiotics gave effects in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia during chemotherapy and could be an alternative therapy for oral mucositis.

Abstrak :
Berbagai kesulitan yang dihadapi peternak dalam budidaya ayam pedaging (broiler) umumnya berupa serangan dan fluktuasi harga ternak dari hasil usahanya yang sering sekali tidak memadai....

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang : Influenza Like Illness ILI adalah sekumpulan gejala infeksi influenza yang sulit dibedakan dengan infeksi pernapasan akut lainnya. Prevalensi ILI tertinggi terjadi pada usia lanjut dan sering disertai komplikasi berat hingga kematian. Pada usia lanjut terjadi immunosenescence yang menyebabkan rentan terhadap infeksi. Pengaruh probiotik terhadap sistem imun merupakan salah satu manfaat yang paling diketahui. Pemberian probiotik oral dilaporkan dapat meningkatkan kerja baik imunitas adaptif maupun bawaan. Studi serta penelitian yang menilai mengenai peranan probiotik pada infeksi non intestinal masih terbatas. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui hubungan probiotik dengan Influenza Like Illness pada populasi usia lanjut. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan studi kohort retrospektif dengan data sekunder diambil dari penelitian Dr. dr. Sukamto, SpPD, K-AI pada populasi usia lanjut sehat yang terdapat dalam komunitas usia lanjut di Jakarta Timur, pada bulan Juni-Desember 2015. Terdapat dua kelompok yang diberikan probiotik selama 6 bulan dan kelompok tanpa probiotik, serta dilakukan analisis chi square, untuk menilai angka kejadian ILI dan uji t untuk menilai perbedaan rerata durasi terjadinya ILI. Hasil Penelitian : Sebanyak 275 usia lanjut sehat diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini, 139 usia lanjut pada kelompok probiotik dan 136 usia lajut pada kelompok non probiotik. Kejadian ILI pada kelompok probiotik n= 4 subjek 2,9 dan pada kelompok tanpa probiotik n= 6 subjek 4,4 , nilai p= 0,361, risiko relatif RR sebesar 0,652 dengan interval kepercayaan 95 = 0,188-2,260. Didapatkan durasi ILI pada kelompok probiotik selama 2,75 hari dan kelompok tanpa probiotik selama 4,33 hari, nilai p 0,163. Kesimpulan : Tidak didapatkan perbedaan kejadian ILI antara kelompok probiotik maupun non probiotik, namun didapatkan kecenderungan penurunan durasi ILI pada kelompok probiotik dan risiko ILI lebih rendah pada pemberian probiotik. Kata Kunci : Probiotik, Influenza Like Illness, usia lanjut.

---

Background : Influenza Like Illness ILI is a group of influenza infection symptoms that are difficult to distinguish from other acute respiratory infections. The highest prevalence of ILI is in the elderly and is often accompanied by severe complications and death. Immunosenescence occurs in the elderly, that causes susceptibility to infection. The effect of probiotics on the immune system is one of the most known benefits. Oral administration of probiotics reportedly can increase the performance both adaptive and innate immunities. Studies and research that assess the role of probiotics on non intestinal infections are still limited. This study aims to determine the relationship of probiotics and Influenza Like Illness in the elderly population. Method : This study is a retrospective cohort study with secondary data drawn from the research of Dr. dr. Sukamto, SpPD, K AI in a healthy elderly population contained in the elderly community in East Jakarta, in June to December 2015. There are two groups, probiotic, given for 6 months, and non probiotic groups. Theese two groups were assessed by chi square analytic, to determine the incidence of ILI and t test to determine the mean differences of duration of ILI. Results : A total of 275 healthy elderly is enrolled in this study, 139 elderly in the probiotic group and 136 elderly in the non probiotic group. The incidence of ILI in the probiotic group, n 4 subjects 2,9 and in the non probiotic group, n 6 subjects 4,4 , p 0.518, relative risk RR 0.652 with 95 confidence interval 0.188 ndash 2.260. The duration of ILI in the probiotic group is 2.75 days and the non probiotic group is 4.33 days, p value 0.163. Conclusion : There are no differences in the incidence of ILI between probiotic and non probiotic groups, but there is downward trend in the duration of ILI in the probiotic group and a lower risk of ILI in the administration of probiotics. Keywords Probiotics, Influenza Like Illness, Elderly.

Abstrak :

LATAR BELAKANG: Berbagai studi telah menunjukkan efek potensial probiotik terhadap luaran neuropsikologis melalui aksis usus-otak. Akan tetapi, studi yang menilai efek suplementasi probiotik terhadap fungsi kognitif pada populasi anak dan remaja masih terbatas.

METODE: Peneliti melakukan studi tindak lanjut tahun ke-10 dari uji klinis teracak samar suplementasi probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 atau Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 pada anak terhadap fungsi kognitif. Dari 494 anak yang mengikuti uji klinis pada 2007–2008, sebanyak 160 anak yang telah berusia 11–17 tahun mengikuti studi tindak lanjut. Pada uji klinis terdahulu, subjek diberikan susu dengan kalsium regular sebanyak 440 mg/hari (kelompok KR; n = 58), kalsium regular dengan L. reuteri DSM 17938 5x10⁸ colony-forming units (CFU) (reuteri; n= 50), atau kalsium regular dengan L. casei CRL 431 5x10⁸ CFU (casei; n= 52) selama 6 bulan pada usia 1–6 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efek suplementasi probiotik masa kanak-kanak tersebut terhadap tingkat intelegensi berdasarkan Standard Progressive Matricesdan kadar brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) serum pada masa remaja. Berbagai faktor biomedis (kualitas diet, antropometri, kadar hemoglobin, dan lain-lain) dan faktor lingkungan sosial (status pendidikan orangtua, dukungan lingkungan rumah, depresi, dll) terkait fungsi kognitif turut dinilai sebagai variabel perancu.

HASIL:Kadar BDNF serum masa remaja pada kelompok suplementasi probiotik L. reuteri DSM 17938 lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok kontrol yang secara statistik signifikan (p = 0,036), setelah disesuaikan dengan perancu. Tidak terdapat perbedaan proporsi tingkat intelegensi masa remaja yang bermakna berdasarkan riwayat suplementasi probiotik L. reuteri DSM 17938 maupun L. casei CRL 431 masa kanak-kanak. Pada regresi multipel, dukungan lingkungan rumah memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan konsisten dengan tingkat intelegensi. Kadar BDNF serum berhubungan dengan status gizi dan kualitas diet.

 

KESIMPULAN: Anak yang mendapat suplementasi L. reuteri DSM 17938 memiliki kadar BDNF serum yang lebih rendah pada masa remaja. Hubungan yang konsisten antara faktor lingkungan sosial dengan fungsi kognitif menunjukkan pentingnya mengintegrasikan intervensi biomedis dengan lingkungan sosial untuk mencapai populasi berdaya.

---

BACKGROUND: Available evidence have shown potential effects of probiotics on neurobehavioral outcomes through ‘gut-brain axis’ mechanism. However, studies on cognitive function in children and adolescents are lacking.

METHODS: We conducted a 10-year follow-up study of randomised controlled trial of 6-month probiotic supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 or Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 in children on cognitive function. Of 494 children enrolled in 2007–2008, we re-enrolled 160 subjects at age 11–17 years. Subjects were given regular calcium milk containing 440 mg/d (RC group; n= 58), regular calcium with L. reuteriDSM 17938 5x10⁸ colony-forming units (CFU) (reuteri; n= 50), or regular calcium with L. casei CRL 431 5x10⁸ CFU (casei; n = 52) for 6 months at the age of 1–6 years. This study aimed to investigate the effect of probiotic supplementation during childhood on cognitive function based on grade of Standard Progressive Matrices and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in adolescents. We assessed various biomedical factors (ie. diet quality, anthropometry, and hemoglobin level) socio-environmental factors (ie. parental educations, home environment, and depression) related to cognitive outcomes as cofounding variables.

RESULTS: Compared with the RC group, the reuteri group had a significantly lower mean serum BDNF level [adj. difference 3127.5 pg/ml (95% CI: 213,5–6041,6)]. There was no difference in grade of SPM between groups nor difference on serum BDNF level between RC and casei group. In multiple regression models, the home environment had a significant and consistent association with grade of SPM. Serum BDNF level was associated with overweight/obesity and diet quality.

CONCLUSION: L. reuteri DSM 17938 supplementation during childhood was associated with lower serum BDNF level at the age of 11–17 years compared to control. The consistent association between socio-environmental factor and grade of SPM suggests that intervention of biomedical determinants should be integrated with the improvement of socioenvironmental factors to achieve thriving populations.