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Abstrak :
Tingginya prevalensi gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja sektor informal yang salah satu faktor utamanya adalah postur kerja tidak baik. Belum pernah dilakukan analisis postur kerja dengan metode OWAS pada pekerja pembuat alas kaki di Indonesia. Tujuan penilitian ini ialah untuk menganalisis postur kerja pada pekerja UMKM pembuatan alas kaki dengan menggunakan metode OWAS.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dengan observasi dan dokumentasi postur kerja pekerja pembuat alas kaki di sentra UMKM Ciomas Bogor yang kemudian dianalisis dengan metode OWAS. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah usia, jenis kelamin, berat badan, tinggi badan, masa kerja dan jenis tugas. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji Chi Square.Hasil: Dari 72 data subyek yang dikumpulkan, sebanyak 68 orang memenuhi kriteria. Berdasarkan analisis dengan metode OWAS, 95,6 subyek memiliki postur kerja dengan skor OAC 2, dimana postur ini perlu perbaikan di masa yang akan datang. Hanya dua dari 68 reponden yang mempunyai postur kerja tidak baik dengan skor OAC 4, keduanya bekerja di bagian pola. Uji kemaknaan hubungan antara postur kerja dengan usia p=0,493 , jenis kelamin p=0,075 , Indeks Massa Tubuh p=0,505 , dan masa kerja p=1,000 menunjukkan tidak ada yang signifikan.Simpulan: Sebagian besar pekerja UMKM pembuatan alas kaki mempunyai postur kerja OAC 2 yang perlu tindakan perbaikan di masa yang akan datang, hanya pada bagian pola yang ditemukan postur kerja tidak baik. ......Background The high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in informal sector workers which one of the main factors is poor work posture. No work posture analysis has been done using OWAS method in footwear workers in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to analyze the work posture of footwear workers in small medium enterprise SME using OWAS method.Methods Cross sectional study with observation and documentation of footwear workers in SME Ciomas Bogor which then analyzed using OWAS method. The data collected were age, sex, weight, height, work period and type of task. Bivariate analysis was done by Chi Square test.Results Of 72 respondent data collected, 68 people meet the criteria. Based on the analysis with OWAS method, 95.6 of respondents had work posture with OWAS Action Category OAC 2, which most of the work position was sitting on the bench. This condition need improvement in the future. Only two of 68 respondents had poor work postures with an OAC 4, both working in the drawing section. The significance test of the relation between work posture with age p 0,493 , gender p 0,075 , Body Mass Index p 0,505 , and work period p 1,000 showed no significant.Conclusion Most SME footwear workers had OAC 2 work postures which need improvement in the future, poor work postures were found only in the drawing section.

Abstrak :
PT XYZ merupakan perusahaan swasta nasional yang bergerak dalam bidang jasa konstruksi. Dimana dalam pelaksanaan konstruksi banyak terdapat berbagai jenis hazard yang mengancam pekerja, salah satu hazard tersebut adalah ergonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat risiko ergonomi dan keluhan subjektif Muskuloskletal Disorders (MSDs) pada pekerjaan finishing di proyek Bogor Valley Residence & Hotel PT XYZ. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional dengan analisa univariat. Penilain risiko ergonomi menggunakan metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan dari 5 jenis pekerjaan finishing tingkat risiko ergonomi yang paling tinggi ialah pada pekerjaan plester dan pengacian dengan kategori tingkat risiko very high. Dan adanya postur janggal pada leher, punggung, tangan, dan kaki menambah tingkat risiko terjadinya keluhan MSDs. Keluhan MSDs paling banyak dirasakan oleh pekerja finishing yaitu betis kiri, betis kanan,bahu kanan, pinggang dan bokong. Berdasarkan hasil analisa perlu adanya perbaikan secara administratif yaitu menyediakan adjustable scafoldng untuk pekerjaan di ketinggian, mesin spray untuk pengecatan yang cukup, dan kneeling creeper untuk pekerjaan yang berada dilantai. Secara admisnistratif, seperti pelatihan ergonomi, sosialisasi ergonomi melalui briefing sebelum bekerja. Kemudian terakhir dari segi APD adalah pengawasan dalam penggunaan APD. ......PT XYZ is a national private company engaged in construction services. Where in construction there are many kinds of hazards that threaten workers, one of them is ergonomics hazard. The purpose of this research was to determine how the level of ergonomic risk and subjective complaints Muskuloskletal Disorders (MSDs) in the finishing work on the Bogor Valley Residence & Hotel Project PT XYZ. This research used a cross-sectional study design with univariate analysis. Ergonomic risk assessment using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). The results of the research revealed 5 types of finishing work, ergonomic risk level is the highest in the plaster work and pengacian with very high risk category. And the presence of awkward postures of the neck, back, arms, and legs increase the level of risk of MSDs complaints. MSDs grievances felt by most workers are finishing the left calf, calf right, the right hand shoulder, waist and buttocks. Based on analysis, that needs improvement administratively to provide adjustable scafoldng to work at height, spray machine to paint enough, and kneeling creeper for a job that is on the floor. In admisnistratif, such as ergonomics training, ergonomics socialization through briefings before work. And the last in terms rom PPE is supervision in the use of PPE.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to determine the activity of erector spinae muscle in four techniques of lifting phase of manual human handling; two-handed seat carry, four-handed seat carry, fore-and-aft carry and chair carry. Thirty-two (16 couples) healthy young men lifted subjects weighing 60±5 kg from table heights of 50 cm and 100 cm. Surface electromyography was used to evaluate lumbar erector spinae activity during lifting. The four-handed seat carry technique had the highest average of lumbar erector spinae activity both from table height 50 cm and 100 cm. This may be due to more trunk flexion movement than in other techniques. The lowest activity of lumbar erector spinae was found in fore-and-aft carry and chair carry techniques. Moreover, lifting from table height 50 cm had more lumbar erector spinae muscle activity than lifting from table height 100 cm in 3 techniques (two-handed seat carry, four-handed seat carry and fore-and-aft carry). The highest activity of lumbar erector spinae muscle in the four-handed seat carry technique indicated risk of low back pain during lifting, especially lifting people from a table height of 50 cm. Lower lumbar erector spinae muscle activity in fore-and-aft carry and chair carry techniques indicated safer they are safer techniques for lifting.

Abstrak :
Gangguan muskuloskeletal merupakan isu global dalam profesi kedokteran gigi.Penelitian ini mengevaluasi postur kerja para mahasiswa/i yang berisiko menimbulkan gangguan muskuloskeletal di masa datang pada tindakan pembersihan karang gigi dengan posisi duduk. Hasil evaluasi dengan pendekatan virtual environment menunjukkan kondisi aktual memiliki risiko musculoskeletal untuk tubuh bagian atas yaitu leher, bahu, dan punggung. Simulasi pada virtual environment yang mengacu pada postur kerja duduk ideal menunjukkan tindakan pembersihan karang gigi yang ergonomis dapat dilakukan dengan sudut sandaran dental unit 15°. Dalam menangani kuadran 1 dan 4 digunakan posisi kerja jam 9, sedangkan pada kuadran 2 dan 3 digunakan posisi jam 11. ......Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are global issues in dental profession. This research evaluates the MSDs risk caused by sitting working posture of clinical student in scaling task. The evaluation with virtual environment approach shows risk of MSDs in their upper extremities such as neck, shoulder and trunk. Further simulation based on ideal sitting working posture shows that ergonomic scaling could be achieved when the patient sits at 15° angle. When scaling at the 1st and 4th quadrant of the teeth, 9 o?clock position is used. Hence, the 11 o?clock position is used while scaling at the 2nd and 3rd quadrant.