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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Gangguan diluar pendengaran yang disebabkan oleh bising adalah stres kerja. Dimana intensitas bising yang masih dibawah NAB dapat menimbulkan persepsi stres kerja pada sebagian orang, hal inilah yang disebut sebagai bising subyektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan bising subyektif dengan persepsi stres pekerja menggunakan skor skala persepsi stres atau Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) serta faktor-faktor lain pada pekerja PT K di Jakarta. Metode penelitian: Penelitian menggunakan metode potong lintang dengan sampel purposif pada pekerja PT K di Jakarta. Data dikumpulkan melalui hasil medical check up dan pengisian kuesioner PSS. Subyek penelitian mempunyai kriteria inklusi bersedia menjadi responden dan bekerja di main office yang terpajan bising dibawah 85 dB. Kriteria eksklusinya adalah pekerja yang telah didiagnosa menderita gangguan jiwa stres dan penyebab stres telah diketahui. Hasil: Diantara 107 pekerja main office, terdapat 96 orang pekerja yang bersedia menjadi responden. Analisa dengan menggunakan uji statistik Mann Whitney pada pekerja yang memiliki kebiasaan exercise dengan yang tidak exercise dengan nilai p = 0,090, untuk kesan bising subyektif didapatkan p=0,005 dan untuk persepsi bising subyektif didapatkan nilai p=0,051. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara skor PSS dengan kesan bising subyektif. Sedangkan untuk umur, jenis kelamin, status pendidikan dan pernikahan, masa kerja, jabatan, DM, Hipertensi, kebiasaan merokok, exercise, dan persepsi bising subyektif didapatkan perbedaan skor PSS namun tidak bermakna.

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ABSTRACT Background: Non hearing disorder because of noise is stress at work. Noise intensity under threshold can cause stress perception at work to some people, referred to as subjective noise exposure. This study aims to examine the relationship between subjective noise exposure and stress perception at work using score of Perceived Stress Scale Questionnaire and other factors on workers of PT K in Jakarta. Methods: Cross sectional descriptive, conducted on 96 workers from main office. Data were collected from medical check up and Perceived Stress Scale Questionnaire. Subject have inclusive criteria were willing to become respondent and work at main office who are exposed to noise under 85 dB. Exclusive criteria were workers who have been diagnosed with stress mental disorder and cause has been known. Results: Statistical analysis using Mann Whitney test on workers who have exercise habit with who havent give results p= 0.090, to find out if workers feel their work environment noisy or not using Mann Whitney test give result p=0.005. Meanwhile to find out if workers feel annoyed with the noise or not give results p= 0,051. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant difference between score of Perceived Stress Scale with subjective noise impression. As for age, sex, education, marital status, years of service, position, diabetes, hypertension, smoking habits, exercise and noise subjective perception gave difference to score of Perceived Stress Scale but not meaningful.

Abstrak :
Proses outsourcing di Indonesia telah berkembang pesat. Dalam implementasinya, penerapan outsourcing mengalami berbagai permasalahan, mulai dari masalah perjanjian, perekrutan, sampai dengan pelaksanaan. Karyawan outsourcing di tempat kerja sering menemui perlakuan workplace ostracism atau pengucilan di tempat kerja. Karyawan yang mendapatkan pengalaman ostracized mengalami gangguan kesejahteraan psikologis dan memiliki kecenderungan tidak puas terhadap pekerjaannya, mengalami masalah kesehatan, hingga berhenti dari pekerjaannya. Selain itu, pekerja outsourcing pada umumnya cenderung untuk memilih diam meskipun didorong untuk menyampaikan saran dan ide mereka. Kedua hal tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kinerja outsourced workers, apalagi jika pegawai juga mengalami stres ketika individu merasa adanya tuntutan lingkungan melebihi dari kemampuan adaptasi yang dimiliki. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, penelitian ini berfokus untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh pengucilan di tempat kerja dan employee silence terhadap kinerja pekerja outsourcing dengan stress sebagai variable mediasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner online terhadap responden dengan kriteria utama berprofesi sebagai pekerja alih daya. Sebanyak 195 respon yang diperoleh kemudian diolah menggunakan Teknik PLS-SEM. Dari data diketahui bahwa sebagian besar pekerja yang berstatus outsourcing berusia 21-30 tahun dengan masa kerja sekitar 1-2 tahun. Penelitian menemukan bahwa perceived stress yang dirasakan oleh individu memediasi pengaruh workplace ostracism dan employee silence terhadap task performance. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa silence yang timbul ditengah-tengah individu disebabkan oleh berbagai motif yang melandasi alasan karyawan tersebut memilih untuk diam. Sedangkan ostracism yang dirasakan adalah akibat kurangnya aktualisasi dari lingkungan sekitar kerja. ......The outsourcing process in Indonesia has grown rapidly. In its implementation, the outsourcing workers experienced various problems, ranging from problems of agreement, recruitment, to implementation. Outsourced workers at the workplace often encounter ostracism or exclusion. Employees who experience being ostracized suffer from psychological well-being, tendency to be dissatisfied with their work, experience health problems, and even quit their jobs. In addition, outsourcing workers generally tend to remain silent even though they are encouraged to share their suggestions and ideas. Both of these things can affect the performance of outsourced workers, especially if employees also experience stress when individuals feel that environmental demands exceed their adaptability. Based on this background, this study focuses on knowing how the effect of workplace ostracism and employee silence on task performance of outsourcing workers with perceived stress as a mediating variable. The research method used is a quantitative method with data collection through online questionnaires to respondents with the main criteria being outsourced workers. A total of 195 responses obtained were then processed using the PLS-SEM technique. The study found that perceived stress by individuals mediates the relationship between workplace ostracism and employee silence on task performance. 

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang : Dampak dari adanya COVID-19 dapat menyebabkan masalah psikologis berupa perceived stress pada mahasiswa kedokteran gigi. Studi mengenai perceived stress beserta pandemic related stressor dan strategi koping pada mahasiswa telah dilakukan di beberapa negera, sehingga studi terkait pada mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia perlu dilakukan. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan antara COVID-19 pandemic related stressor dan strategi koping dengan perceived stress pada mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan self-administered questionnaire melalui google form pada tahun 2021. Subjek penelitian merupakan mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia tahun ke-3, ke-4, dan ke-5 dengan jumlah 675 mahasiswa. Kuesioner terdiri atas 51 pertanyaan berisi data sosiodemografi, pertanyaan mengenai pandemic related stressor, perceived stress scale-10, dan Brief COPE-28. Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak statistik SPSS dengan uji korelasi Spearman, Mann whitney, dan Kruskal wallis. Hasil Penelitian : Rerata perceived stress pada mahasiwa kedokteran gigi adalah 31,15(±6,105). Berdasarkan uji bivariat didapatkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) secara statistik antara jenis perguruan tinggi dan Perceived Stress. Kesimpulan : Rerata skor perceived stress mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia dapat dikategorikan menjadi kategori perceived stress sedang. Namun disamping itu, terdapat strategi koping yang dapat digunakan untuk mengelola stres yang dirasakan oleh mahasiswa, dimana domain pengalihan diri, penerimaan, dan spriritual digunakan lebih banyak oleh mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia untuk mengatasi perceived stress. ......Background: The impact of COVID-19 can cause psychological problems in the form of perceived stress in dental students. Studies on perceived stress along with pandemic related stressors and coping strategies for students have been carried out in several countries, so that related studies on dental students in Indonesia need to be carried out.  Objective: To obtain the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic related stressor and coping strategies with perceived stress in dental students in Indonesia.  Methods: This study uses a self-administered questionnaire via google form in 2021. The research subjects are dental students in Indonesia in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th years with a total of 675 students. The questionnaire consists of 51 questions containing sociodemographic data, questions about pandemic related stressors, perceived stress scale-10, and COPE-28 Brief. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software with Spearman, Mann Whitney, and Kruskal Wallis correlation tests.  Result: The average perceived stress for dental students was 31.15 (± 6.105). Based on the bivariate test, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between the type of college and Perceived Stress.  Conclusion: The average score of perceived stress of dental students in Indonesia can be categorized into the category of moderate perceived stress. But besides that, there are coping strategies that can be used to manage the stress felt by students, where the domains of self-distraction, acceptance, and spirituality are used more by dental students in Indonesia to overcome perceived stress.

Abstrak :
Caregiver keluarga dengan kanker mengalami perubahan hidup yang besar yang menuntutnya untuk menjalani serangkaian kewajiban untuk mengasuh pasien, dan juga untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya sendiri. Kondisi tersebut membuat caregiver keluarga dengan kanker tidak bisa memenuhi rekomendasi olahraga yang memadai untuk tubuhnya, padahal caregiver keluarga dengan kanker rentan dengan berbagai penyakit tidak menular dan kondisi kesehatan lainnya. Selain itu, caregiver keluarga dengan kanker juga rentan mengalami stres akibat kewajiban yang harus dipenuhinya. Stres menjadi salah satu faktor yang memiliki hubungan dengan olahraga seseorang. Reaksi emosi negatif yang ditimbulkan dari stres akibat tuntutan perawatan yang dihadapi oleh peran caregiver menimbulkan dampak negatif seperti terpaku pada pemikiran tertentu, dan kehilangan kesenangan pada aktivitas yang biasa dinikmati. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara stres dan olahraga, serta peran moderasi strategi coping pada hubungan antara perceived stress dan olahraga caregiver keluarga dengan kanker. Sejumlah 168 partisipan yang didominasi dari Pulau Jawa telah berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian yang dilakukan secara daring ini menggunakan alat ukur Perceived Stress Scale, The Brief COPE, dan pengukuran frekuensi serta durasi mingguan untuk olahraga. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan Pearson Correlation dan Analisis Regresi PROCESS Model 1 Hayes. Analisis tersebut menunjukkan terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara perceived stress dan olahraga (r=-0,221; p<0,01, one-tailed), dan tidak terdapat peran moderasi strategi coping pada emotion-focused coping maupun problem-focused coping. ......Cancer family caregivers go through major life changes that requires them to undergo series of obligation to take care of the patient, as well as to care for their own needs. This condition makes cancer family caregiver unable to meet the physical activity recommendation, even though they are vulnerable to various non-communicable disease and other health related condition. Cancer family caregivers are also prone to stress due to the life demand they need to fulfil. Stress is one of the factors that has a relationship with a person’s exercise habit. The negative emotional reactions that arise from stress due to the caregiving demands faced by the caregiver have negative impacts such as fixating on certain thoughts and losing pleasure in activities that are usually enjoyed. This study aims to look at the relationship between stress and exercise, as well as the moderating role of coping strategies on the relationship between perceived stress and exercise by cancer family caregiver. A total of 168 participants predominantly form Java participated in this study. The research was conducted online using Perceived Stress Scale, The Brief COPE, and the weekly duration and frequency of participants’ physical activities. The analysis was performed using Pearson Correlation and Hayes PROCESS Model 1 Regression Analysis. A significant relationship was found between perceived stress and exercise (r=-0,221; p<0,01, one-tailed). Thus, no moderating effect of coping was found for both emotion-focused coping and problem-focused coping.

Abstrak :
Penerapan perilaku sehat seperti konsumsi makanan sehat, olahraga, penting untuk dikembangkan sejak usia remaja, salah satunya pada Mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia untuk meminimalisir konsekuensi negatif jangka panjang yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang. Terdapat hal yang mempengaruhi penerapan perilaku sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek moderasi dari self-compassion terhadap hubungan antara perceived stress dan perilaku sehat. Penelitian ini melibatkan 352 partisipan dengan usia berkisar 18-22 tahun. Pengukuran perilaku sehat dilakukan melalui alat ukur perilaku sehat yang dikembangkan oleh tim payung penelitian perilaku sehat Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia tahun 2016 berdasarkan indikator dari Sarafino dan Smith (2011). Pengukuran perceived stress dilakukan melalui adaptasi alat ukur perceived stress scale (PSS) oleh Cohen et al., (1983). Pengukuran self-compassion dilakukan melalui adaptasi self-compassion scale oleh Neff (2003). Data dianalisis menggunakan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) dan Pearson Correlation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perceived stress berpengaruh signifikan dengan perilaku sehat. Hasil juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat efek moderasi yang signifikan dari self-compassion terhadap hubungan antara perceived stress dan perilaku sehat. ......Healthy behaviors such as consumption of healthy food and exercise are important to be developed by people in their young age, ones of which are students at Universitas Indonesia, in order to minimize the long-term negative consequences that may occur in the future. There are things that affect the implementation of healthy behavior. This study aims to determine the moderating effect of self-compassion on the relationship between perceived stress and healthy behavior. This study involved 352 participants with ages ranging from 18-22 years. The measurement of healthy behavior was carried out through a healthy behavior measurement tool developed by the umbrella team for healthy behavior research at the Faculty of Psychology, University of Indonesia in 2016 based on indicators from Sarafino and Smith (2011). Perceived stress measurement was conducted using the adaptation of the perceived stress scale (PSS) measurement tool by Cohen et al., (1983). Measurement of self-compassion was carried out through an adaptation of the self-compassion scale by Neff (2003). Data were analyzed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) and Pearson Correlation. The results showed that perceived stress had a significant effect on healthy behavior. The results also showed that there is a significant moderating effect of self-compassion on the relationship between perceived stress and healthy behavior.

Abstrak :
Inovasi merupakan salah satu target yang diharapkan dari management trainee yang merupakan calon pemimpin masa depan dari perusahaan. Namun, belum banyak penelitian yang membahas mengenai faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi perilaku kerja inovatif pada management trainee. Penelitian kuantitatif cross-sectional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran empowering leadership sebagai moderator dalam efek stres terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif. Data diperoleh dari 174 peserta aktif program management trainee dari berbagai perusahaan menggunakan skala IWB-9, PSS-10, dan LEB-12 yang telah diadaptasi ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia dengan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,7–0,9. Hasil uji regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa persepsi stres tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif pada management trainee (β=0,04, t=0,56, p=0,58). Empowering leadership juga tidak berperan sebagai moderator dalam efek tersebut (β=-0,03, t=0,07, p=0,68), tetapi memiliki pengaruh secara langsung terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif (β=0,55, t=7,92, p<0,001). Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kondisi negatif tidak memiliki efek langsung terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif yang dilakukan oleh management trainee. Penelitian selanjutnya perlu untuk mengeksplorasi karakteristik individual positif yang dapat membantu management trainee mempertahankan perilaku kerja inovatif di tengah kondisi kerja yang menuntutnya untuk menampilkan performa yang lebih dibandingkan karyawan yang lain. ......Innovation is one of the targets expected of management trainees, who are expected to become future leaders of the company. However, not many studies have discussed the factors that can influence innovative work behavior in management trainees. This cross-sectional quantitative study aims to determine the role of empowering leadership as a moderator in the effect of stress on innovative work behavior. The data were obtained from 174 active participants of management trainee programs from different companies using the IWB-9, PSS-10, and LEB-12 scales, which had been adapted into Indonesian with a reliability coefficient of 0.7-0.9. The results of the multiple linear regression test indicated that perceived stress did not significantly influence innovative work behavior in management trainees (β=0.04, t=0.56, p=0.58). Empowering leadership was also found to have no moderating effect on this relationship (β = -0.03, t = 0.07, p = 0.68), but did exert a direct influence on innovative work behavior (β = 0.55, t = 7.92, p < 0.001). The study concluded that negative conditions do not have a direct effect on the innovative work behavior of management trainees. Future research should investigate the role of positive individual characteristics in enabling management trainees to maintain innovative work behavior in the midst of work conditions that require them to perform more than other employees.

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Latar Belakang: Peningkatan insiden tukak peptikum perforasi (TPP) Divisi Bedah digestif RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta. Selama enam bulan awal pandemi Covid-19, naik empat kali lipat, dibandingkan enam bulan sebelum pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai peran stres psikologis sebagai faktor risiko tukak peptikum perforasi. Metodologi: Merupakan studi retrospektif potong lintang, membandingkan 2 kelompok subjek penelitian, TPP pandemi Covid-19 Maret 2020 hingga Maret 2021 dan non-pandemi Covid-19 Juli 2017 hingga Februari 2020. Data demografi, klinis, dan tingkat stres psikologis yang diukur dengan Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) merupakan variabel yang diperiksa. Hasil: Tercatat 53 TPP, 28 subjek pada pandemi, pria 11, wanita 17, rerata usia 63 tahun, pemakaian obat antiinflamasi nonsteroid atau jamu 80%, komorbid 92,8%, lama rawat 23,6 hari, morbiditas 78,5%, infeksi daerah operasi 17%, pneumonia 38,9%, dan mortalitas 46,4%. 25 subjek pada non-pandemi, pria 21, wanita 4, rerata usia 53 tahun, penggunaan obat antiinflamasi nonsteroid atau jamu 85%, komorbid 48%, rerata skor boey 1,3, PULP 6,8, ASA 3, lama rawat 16,2 hari, morbiditas 52%, infeksi daerah operasi 12%, pneumonia 36%, dan mortalitas 28%. Penilaian PSS-10 pada 37 subjek, pada pandemi, stres berat delapan, stres sedang tujuh, stres ringan empat. Pada non-pandemi stres berat satu, stres sedang delapan, stres ringan sembilan. Uji Fischer exact didapatkan perbedaan antara stres ringan-sedang dengan stres berat pada kedua kelompok, p = 0,019. Uji Spearman didapatkan korelasi moderat (rs = 0,422) antara stres psikologis dengan pandemi, p = 0,009. Simpulan: Pandemi Covid-19 memperberat stres psikologis, meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas tukak peptikum perforasi. ......Background: Increased incidence of perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) Digestive Surgery Division, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. During early of six months Covid-19 pandemic, increased four times, compared to six months before Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to evaluate the role of psychological stress as a risk factor for perforated peptic ulcer. Methodology: a cross-sectional retrospective study, compare 2 groups on the PPU subjects of COVID-19 pandemic March 2020 to March 2021 and non-pandemic Covid-19 July 2017 to February 2020. Demographic, clinical, and psychological stress data as measured by Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) were variables to be evaluated. Results: Registered 53 PPU, 28 subjects in Covid-19 pandemic, 11 males, 17 females, 63 years mean age, 80% used of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or Indonesian herbs, 92.8% comorbidities, 23.6 days length of stay, 78,5% morbidity, 17% surgical site infection, 38.9% pneumonia, and 46,4% mortality. 25 subjects in non-pandemic, 21 males, 4 females, 53 years mean age, 85% non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or Indonesian herbs, 48% comorbidity, 1.3 mean boey score, 6.8 PULP, 3 ASA, 16.2 days length of stay, 52% morbidity, 12% surgical site infection, 36% pneumonia, and 28% mortality. PSS-10 evaluated on 37 subjects, in pandemic, eight severe stress, seven moderate stress, four mild stress. In non-pandemic, one severe stress, eight moderate stress, and nine mild stress. Fischer's exact test found a difference between mild-moderate stress and severe stress in both groups, p = 0.019. Spearman's test found a moderate correlation (rs=0.422) between psychological stress and the pandemic, p = 0.009. Conclusion: Covid-19 pandemic exacerbates psychological stress, increasing morbidity and mortality of perforated peptic ulcer.

Abstrak :
Remaja merupakan masa transisi dari masa kanak-kanak menuju ke masa dewasa. Selama masa remaja, berbagai permasalahan selama masa transisi dapat menyebabkan stres. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi prevalensi stres pada remaja di SMP Negeri X Jakarta Pusat. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik SMP Negeri X Jakarta Pusat yang berjumlah 132 responden dengan rentang usia 12-16 tahun yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat stres remaja pada penelitian ini adalah Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) yang dikembangkan oleh Cohen pada 1988. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden berusia 14 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-laki (50,8%), jenjang pendidikan kelas 7 (50,8%), mengikuti 1-2 jenis ekstrakurikuler (51,5%), dan tinggal serumah dengan orang tua (97,7%). Hasil penelitian ini mengidentifikasi bahwa sebagian besar remaja mengalami stres sedang, dengan prevalensi stres adalah 75% (99) remaja stres sedang, 24.2% (32) remaja stres berat, dan 0.8% (1) remaja stres ringan. ......Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood. In adolescence, many problems during transitions can cause them to become stressed. The aims of this study is to identify the prevalence of stress levels among adolescents in SMP Negeri X Jakarta. This research is quantitative study with descriptive methods with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study were students of SMP Negeri X Jakarta, the sample as many as 132 respondents with an age range of 12-16 years old who were selected by purposive sampling method. The instrument used to measure adolescent stress levels in this study was the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) which was developed by Cohen in 1988. The research result shows that average age of the respondents in this study was 14 years old, the majority of respondents were male (50,8%), education levels was 7th grade (50,8%), participated in 1-2 extracurriculars (51.5%), and lived with parents (97,7%). The analysis results of this study shows that most of the adolescents experienced moderate stress, with the prevalence of stress are 75% (99) moderate stress, 24.2% (32) severe stress, and 0.8% (1) mild stress.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang : Pandemi Covid-19 telah menimbulkan perubahan dalam pola bekerja yaitu yang semula bekerja di kantor sepenuhnya menjadi kombinasi bekerja dari rumah dan bekerja di kantor. Perubahan ini berpotensi menyebabkan konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan stress pada pegawai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan stress yang dialami pegawai Ditjen Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kementerian Kesehatan di masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode : Penelitian dilakukan di Ditjen Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kementerian Kesehatan dengan jumlah subyek penelitian 103 pegawai yang menjalani work from home minimal selama 6 bulan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner Skala Konflik Pekerjaan Keluarga dan Perceived Stress Scale-10 yang sudah divalidasi dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil : Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa responden yang memiliki persepsi stress berat adalah sebanyak 14.6%, yang mengalami stress sedang 59.2%. Prevalensi konflik pekerjaan keluarga yang dialami sebesar 67%. Secara statistik didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan persepsi stress di mana pegawai yang mengalami konflik pekerjaan keluarga memiliki risiko 9,6 kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami stres sedang (OR: 9,59, 95% CI: 2,42-37,98). Kesimpulan : Sebagian besar subyek penelitian mengalami konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan stress sedang selama bekerja dengan pola kerja yang berubah di masa pandemi Covid-19; dan ternyata terdapat hubungan antara konflik pekerjaan keluarga dan stress. ......Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a change in work patterns, which were originally working in the office completely to a combination of working from home and working in the office. This change has the potential to cause work-family conflict and stress on employees. This study aims to describe the work-family conflict and stress experienced by employees of the Directorate General of Public Health, Ministry of Health during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: The study was conducted at the Directorate General of Public Health, Ministry of Health with the number of research subjects 103 employees who underwent work from home for at least 6 months. The research was conducted using Work- Family Conflict Scale and Perceived Stress Scale-10 questionnaires which has been validated in Indonesian. Results: It was found that respondents who had experienced severe stress were 14.6% and moderate stress were 59.2%. The prevalence of work-family conflict is 67%. Statistically, there was a significant relationship between work-family conflict and perceived stress where employees who experienced work-family conflict had a 9.6 times higher risk of experiencing moderate stress (OR: 9.59, 95% CI: 2.42-37, 98). Conclusion: Most of the research subjects experienced work-family conflict and moderate stress while working with changing work patterns during the Covid-19 pandemic; and it turns out that there is a relationship between work-family conflict and stress.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang : Perawat memiliki tingkat stres cukup tinggi terpajan risiko psikososial, termasuk bekerja dengan jadwal kerja shift. Selama ini deteksi kasus stres berdasarkan kuesioner yang validitas dan relibialitasnya cukup baik, seperti antara lain kuesioner PSS. Penelitian bertujuan menguji markah biologi sebagai penanda stres pada perawat shift. Metode : Penelitian dilakukan Desember 2019 sampai Juni 2020, pada perawat shift dan non-shift, masing-masing 40 orang, dari RSCM, dengan mengambil data secara consecutive sampling. Pemeriksaan kortisol, melatonin dan CRF masing-masing dua kali, yaitu pada kelompok shift sebelum bekerja (=pre) pada pukul 24.00 pada hari jaga terakhir (malam kedua), kemudian pasca bekerja (=post) pukul 08.00 keesokannya. Pada non-shift pada hari kerja pukul 08.00 (=pre) dan 16.00 (=post). Pengukuran HRV dilakukan dua kali dan Q-EEG satu kali pada saat lepas jaga (untuk shift) dan saat bekerja (untuk non-shift). Hasil : Perawat usia reproduktif yang bekerja shift dan memiliki tingkat stres sedang-berat lebih banyak jumlahnya daripada jumlah perawat yang bekerja non-shift dan memiliki tingkat stres-berat sedang (30% vs 25%). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna rerata kadar kortisol shift=87,9±79,1 ng/ml dan non-shift=128,8±51,4 ng/ml pra kerja (p<0,001), rerata kadar kortisol shift=139,8±77,7 ng/ml dan non-shift=86,4±51,8 ng/ml pasca kerja (p= 0,001); rerata kadar melatonin shift=51,5±41,2 ng/ml dan non-shift=17,1±20,5 ng/ml pra kerja (p<0,001), serta rerata kadar melatonin shift=24,3±21,2 ng/ml dan non-shift=10,8±7,8 ng/ml pasca kerja (p<0,001). Terdapat rerata kadar melatonin=10,8±7,8 pg/ml (2,15-38,30) pukul 16.00 dan rerata kadar melatonin=51,5±41,2 pg/ml (0,8-135) pukul 24.00. Rerata kadar CRF=19,8±4,9 pg/ml (10,20-36,06) pukul 08.00, rerata kadar CRF=17,8±5,3 pg/ml (8,08-32,20) pukul 16.00 dan rerata kadar CRF=18,0±6,8 pg/ml (7,69-30,59) pukul 24.00. Komponen HRV SDNN cenderung shift=38,1±11,6 ms > non-shift=34,2± 10,7 ms; RMSSD cenderung shift=31,4±11,9 ms > non-shift=28,7±12,6 ms, dan rasio LF/HF cenderung shift=1,2±1,6 < non-shift=1,8±1,3. Q-EEG non-shift kecenderungan peningkatan menonjol di sekitar 10Hz area gelombang Alpha (8-13Hz), yang menunjukkan kondisi dewasa normal terjaga dan tenang; non-shift kecenderungan peningkatan pada area gelombang Beta (14-30Hz) dan Gama (> 30Hz). Uji multivariat Mantel-Haenszel peran bermakna markah biologi (kortisol, CRF, melatonin) terhadap skor PSS secara parsial maupun secara simultan; didapat dari kategori perubahan ketiga markah biologi terhadap stres berdasarkan kategori skor PSS. Simpulan: Perawat shift berpeluang mengalami stres sedang-berat dibandingkan perawat non-shift. Rerata kadar kortisol dan melatonin lebih tinggi pasca dibandingkan pre kerja.Gelombang Beta dan Gama cenderung lebih tinggi pada shift dibandingkan non-shift dan berpotensi sebagai predictor stres akibat kerja shift. Kortisol, CRF dan melatonin secara bersama-sama dapat digunakan sebagai markah biologi stres berdasarkan perubahan dari waktu ke waktu ......Background: A nurse has a high enough stress level because it is directly related to psychosocial hazards on shift work schedules. The Indonesian National Nurses Association stated that the prevalence of stress for nurses reached 50.9%. So far, the detection of stress cases is based on a questionnaire whose validity and relativity are quite good, such as the Perceived Stress Score (PSS) questionnaire. This study aimed to examine biological markers of stress among shift nurses. Method: The study was conducted at the FKUI Integrated Laboratory, “Laboratorium Kesehatan Daerah DKI”, RSCM Intermediate Polyclinic, RSCM Neurology Clinic and Medical Technology IMERI, from December 2019 to March 2020. Respondents came from the shift and non-shift nurses from RSCM, chosen by consecutive sampling. The study involved 40 people individuals in each group. Cortisol, melatonin and CRF were measured twice each, in the shift workgroup (=pre) at 12.00 am on the last watch day (second night), then during post-work, (= post,) at 08.00 am the following day. In the non-shift group blood samples were taken on weekdays at 08.00 am (= pre) and 04.00 pm (=post). HRV measurements were taken twice and Q-EEG once during off-duty (for shift workers) and at work (for non-shift workers). Results: The percentage of nurses who showed moderate stress levels in the shift group (30%) is higher compared to the non-shift group (25%). There were significant differences between the mean of shift group cortisol=87,9±79,1 ng/ml and non-shift group cortisol=128,8±51,4 ng/ml in pre-work (p< 0,001), the mean of shift group cortisol=139,8±77,7 ng/ml and non-shift group cortisol=86,4±51,8 ng/ml in post-work (p=0.001), the mean of shift group melatonin=51,5±41,2 ng/ml and non shift group melatonin=17,1±20,5 ng/ml (p<0.001) in the pre-work, and the mean of shift group melatonin=24,3±21,2 ng/ml and non-shift group melatonin=10,8±7,8 ng/ml in post-work (p<0.001). Melatonin levels mean=10.8±7,8 pg / ml (2.15-38.30) at 04.00 pm and 51.5±41,2 pg / ml (0.8-135) at 12.00 pm. CRF levels mean =19,8±4,9 pg / ml (10,2-36,1) at 08.00 am, 17.8±5,3 pg/ml (8,08-32.20) at 04.00 pm and 18.0±6,8 pg /ml (7.69-30.59) at 12.00 pm. In the HRV component, SDNN mean were higher in the shift group=38,1±11,6 ms than non-shift group=34,2±10,7 ms, higher RMSSD mean on shift group=31,4± 11,9 ms than non-shift group=28,7±12,6 ms, and LF/HF ratio mean on shift group=1,2± 1,6 compared to non-shift group=1,8±1,3. The brain wave image found a tendency of quite prominent increase around 10 Hz in the non-shift group, namely the frequency area Alpha waves (8-13 Hz), which indicate a normal adult state of wakefulness and calm. Brain waves in the shift group tended to increase in the Beta (14-30 Hz) and Gamma (> 30 Hz) wave areas. With the Mantel-Haenszel multivariate test, there is a significant role of biological markers (cortisol, CRF, melatonin) on the PSS score partially or simultaneously. This role is obtained from the category of changes in the three biological markers to stress based on the PSS score category. Conclusion: Nurses working shift are more likely to experience moderate-severe stress than non-shift nurses. The mean levels of cortisol are higher and melatonin is also higher after work than before work. Beta and Gama waves tend to be higher in the shift group than in non-shift groups, potentially as predictors of stress due to shift work. Cortisol, CRF and melatonin can be used together as biological markers of stress based on changes over time.