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Abstrak :
Perceraian yang semakin hari semakin meningkat di Indonesia salah satunya disebabkan oleh tingkat kepuasan perkawinan yang rendah. Kepuasan perkawinan sendiri dapat didefinisikan sebagai sikap individu terhadap perkawinannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran relationship maintenance behavior dan perceived fairness terhadap kepuasan perkawinan. Penelitian dilakukan kepada 99 perempuan dan 87 laki-laki yang sedang berada pada perkawinan pertama dan memiliki anak dengan pasangan saat ini. Teknik pengambilan partisipan menggunakan convenience sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Quality Marriage Index (QMI), Relationship Maintenance Behavior Measure (RMBM), dan alat ukur Perceived Fairness milik Claffey dan Mickelson (2009). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa relationship maintenance behavior dan perceived fairness terbukti dapat memprediksi kepuasan perkawinan. Ketika dianalisis lebih lanjut, terlihat bahwa relationship maintenance behavior memiliki kontribusi yang lebih besar terhadap kepuasan perkawinan (39.49%) dibanding perceived fairness (18.39%). Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi bagi praktisi dan masyarakat untuk lebih memperhatikan relationship maintenance behavior dan perceived fairness untuk menjaga tingkat kepuasan perkawinan mereka. ......Divorce is keeps increasing in Indonesia, one of the causes was the low level of marital satisfaction. Marital satisfaction itself can be defined as an individual's attitude towards his/her marriage. This study is aimed to examine the role of relationship maintenance behavior and perceived fairness on marital satisfaction. This study is conducted to 99 women and 87 men who are still in their first marriage and have children with their current partner. The sampling technique that is used in this study is convenience sampling. The measurement that is used in this study is Quality Marriage Index (QMI), Relationship Maintenance Behavior Measure (RMBM), and perceived fairness inventory by Claffey and Mickelson (2009). The results of this study shows that relationship maintenance behavior and perceived fairness were proven to be able to predict marital satisfaction. Looking further, it seems that relationship maintenance behavior has a greater contribution to marital satisfaction (39.49%) than perceived fairness (18.39%). The results of this study can be used as a reference for practitioners and the public to pay more attention to relationship maintenance behavior and perceived fairness to maintain their level of marital satisfaction.

Abstrak :
Anak merupakan karunia bagi pasangan menikah, namun tidak jarang anak juga membawa beban bagi keluarga. Faktanya, kepuasan pernikahan cenderung menurun ketika pasangan memiliki anak. Kepuasan pernikahan yang menurun dapat kemudian menurunkan komitmen pernikahan, sehingga membuat pernikahan rentan terhadap perceraian. Pembagian peran dalam mengurus rumah tangga dan mengasuh anak kerap menjadi bahan perdebatan, terutama pada keluarga dual-earner. Pembagian peran yang tidak dipersepsikan adil dapat menurunkan kepuasan pernikahan. Perceived fairness diperlukan guna menjaga kualitas pernikahan dan mempertahankan pernikahan dalam jangka panjang. Penelitian ini meneliti peran mediasi kepuasan pernikahan dalam hubungan perceived fairness dengan komitmen pernikahan. Komitmen pernikahan diukur menggunakan Tripartite Theory of Commitment yang membagi komitmen menjadi komitmen personal, moral, dan struKtural. Sementara kepuasan pernikahan diukur menggunakan Quality of Marital Index dan perceived fairness diukur menggunakan Perceived Fairness Scale. Penelitian ini melibatkan 168 partisipan dengan karakteristik individu yang sedang dalam pernikahan pertama, memiliki anak, dan tinggal satu atap dengan pasangan dan anaknya. Data diperoleh melalui convenience sampling dengan cara menyebarkan poster penelitian melalui media sosial. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan pernikahan terbukti memediasi hubungan antara perceived fairness dengan komitmen pernikahan personal dan perceived fairness dengan komitmen pernikahan moral. Disisi lain, kepuasan pernikahan gagal memediasi perceived fairness dengan komitmen pernikahan struktural. ......Children are a gift for married couples, but not infrequently children also carry a burden for the family. In fact, marital satisfaction tends to decrease when couples have children. Decreased marital satisfaction can lead to decrease in marital commitment, thus making marriages more vulnerable to divorce. The division of roles in household chores and child rearing is often a matter of debate, especially in dual-earner families. The division of roles that are not perceived as fair can reduce marital satisfaction. Perceived fairness is needed to maintain the quality of marriage and maintain commitment of marriage in the long term. This study examines the mediating role of marital satisfaction in the relationship between perceived fairness and marital commitment. Marital commitment is measured using The Tripartite Theory of Commitment which divides commitment into personal, moral, and structural commitments. Meanwhile, marital satisfaction was measured using the Quality of Marital Index and perceived fairness was measured using the Perceived fairness Scale. This study involved 168 participants with individual characteristics who are in their first marriage, have child/children, and live under the same roof with their spouse and children. Data were obtained through convenience sampling by distributing research posters through social media. The results show that marital satisfaction is proven to mediate the relationship between perceived fairness with personal marital commitment and perceived fairness with moral marital commitment. On the other hand, marital satisfaction failed to mediate perceived fairness with structural marital commitment.

Abstrak :
Kelahiran anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) dalam keluarga memberikan tuntutan yang lebih berat kepada orang tua. Kedua orang tua harus beradaptasi dengan beban pengasuhan dan perawatan ABK yang intens, belum lagi sebagai pasangan yang sudah menikah setiap hari harus berhadapan dengan pekerjaan rumah tangga. Beban pengasuhan yang berat dan adanya pekerjaan rumah tangga mengarah pada terjadinya stress dan bisa berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pernikahan. Persepsi individu terhadap keadilan pembagian pekerjaan rumah tangga dan pengasuhan anak juga berpengaruh pada tingkat kepuasan pernikahanya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu hubungan antara perceived fairness dan kepuasan pernikahan pada orang tua ABK. Penelitian ini diikuti oleh 146 orang tua ABK (suami atau istri) yang menjalani pernikahan pertama dan tinggal serumah bersama pasangannya dengan proporsi partisipan perempuan sebanyak 61,6% dan partisipan laki-laki sebanyak 38,4% . Partisipan diambil dengan teknik convenience sampling melalui penyebaran kuesioner secara online dan offline ke berbagai komunitas orang tua dengan ABK dan Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB). Data dianalisis menggunakan Pearson Product Moment dan hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan positif antara perceived fairness dan kepuasan pernikahan pada orang tua ABK. ......The birth of a child with special needs in the family gives more weight to the parents. Both parents have to adapt to the intense burden of parenting and care for the special needs child. Not only that, as a married couple, they have to deal with household chores every day. Heavy parenting burden and household chores can cause stress and affect marital satisfaction. Individual perceptions of the fairness in the division of household chores and child care also affect the level of marital satisfaction. Therefore, this study aims to find out the relationship between perceived fairness and marital satisfaction in parents of children with special needs. This study was followed by 146 parents of special needs children who are having their first marriage and live at home together with their spouse, with the proportion of female participants being 61.6% and male participants being 38.4%. Participants was taken using a convenience sampling technique by distributing online and offline quesionnaires to various communities of parents with special needs and Speacial Needs Schools. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment and the results of the analysis show that there is a significant and positive relationship between perceived fairness and marital satisfaction in parents of children with special needs.

Abstrak :
Kelahiran anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) dalam keluarga memberikan tuntutan yang lebih berat kepada orang tua. Kedua orang tua harus beradaptasi dengan beban pengasuhan dan perawatan ABK yang intens, belum lagi sebagai pasangan yang sudah menikah setiap hari harus berhadapan dengan pekerjaan rumah tangga. Beban pengasuhan yang berat dan adanya pekerjaan rumah tangga mengarah pada terjadinya stress dan bisa berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pernikahan. Persepsi individu terhadap keadilan pembagian pekerjaan rumah tangga dan pengasuhan anak juga berpengaruh pada tingkat kepuasan pernikahanya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu hubungan antara perceived fairness dan kepuasan pernikahan pada orang tua ABK. Penelitian ini diikuti oleh 146 orang tua ABK (suami atau istri) yang menjalani pernikahan pertama dan tinggal serumah bersama pasangannya dengan proporsi partisipan perempuan sebanyak 61,6% dan partisipan laki-laki sebanyak 38,4% . Partisipan diambil dengan teknik convenience sampling melalui penyebaran kuesioner secara online dan offline ke berbagai komunitas orang tua dengan ABK dan Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB). Data dianalisis menggunakan Pearson Product Moment dan hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan positif antara perceived fairness dan kepuasan pernikahan pada orang tua ABK. ......The birth of a child with special needs in the family gives more weight to the parents. Both parents have to adapt to the intense burden of parenting and care for the special needs child. Not only that, as a married couple, they have to deal with household chores every day. Heavy parenting burden and household chores can cause stress and affect marital satisfaction. Individual perceptions of the fairness in the division of household chores and child care also affect the level of marital satisfaction. Therefore, this study aims to find out the relationship between perceived fairness and marital satisfaction in parents of children with special needs. This study was followed by 146 parents of special needs children who are having their first marriage and live at home together with their spouse, with the proportion of female participants being 61.6% and male participants being 38.4%. Participants was taken using a convenience sampling technique by distributing online and offline quesionnaires to various communities of parents with special needs and Speacial Needs Schools. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment and the results of the analysis show that there is a significant and positive relationship between perceived fairness and marital satisfaction in parents of children with special needs.

Abstrak :
Lima tahun pertama perkawinan menjadi masa yang sangat krusial karena intensitas konflik dapat meningkat dan menyebabkan marital distress. Marital distress didefinisikan sebagai keadaan individu mengalami tekanan emosional, konflik, dan kesulitan lain dalam perkawinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana peran financial infidelity dan perceived fairness dalam memprediksi marital distress dengan mengontrol variabel kovariat. Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada WNI, 845 perempuan dan 302 laki-laki dengan rata-rata usia 27.55, yang berada pada lima tahun pertama perkawinan. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Financial Infidelity Scale, dan Perceived Fairness. Hasil analisis multiple regression adjusted for covariates menunjukkan financial infidelity dan perceived fairness berkontribusi sebesar 30.4% terhadap marital distress. Selain itu diketahui juga financial infidelity (FinancialInfidelity = -.350, p<.001) memiliki kemampuan memprediksi lebih besar dibandingkan perceived fairness (PerceivedFairness = .348 p<.001) terhadap marital distress. Hasil penelitian bisa menjadi referensi bagi praktisi dan pasangan untuk lebih memerhatikan financial infidelity dan perceived fairness sebagai sesuatu yang berkontribusi dalam marital distress. ......The first five years of marriage are very crucial because the intensity of conflict can increase and cause marital distress. Marital distress is defined as a condition where individuals experience emotional distress, conflict, and other difficulties in marriage. This study aims to see the role of financial infidelity and perceived fairness in predicting marital distress by controlling covariates. This study was conducted on Indonesian citizens, 845 women and 302 men with average age of 27.55, who were in the first five years of marriage. The instruments used in this study are the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Financial Infidelity Scale, and Perceived Fairness. The result of the multiple regression adjusted for covariates showed that financial infidelity and perceived fairness contributed 30.4% by controlling for the covariates. Besides that, it is also known that financial infidelity (FinancialInfidelity = -.350, p<.001) has a greater ability than perceived fairness (PerceivedFairness = .348 p<.001) in predicting marital. The result of the study can be a reference for practitioners and married couples to pay more attention to financial infidelity and perceived fairness as something that contributes to marital distress.

Abstrak :
Considering that customers? emotions toward received services are evaluated in light of fairness and equity theory, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of customers? perceptions and emotions of received services on their behavioral intentions. Data were collected from 329 questioners that were distributed among Mellat bank customers, and hypotheses and the conceptual model were analyzed based on the data collected through structural equation modeling in AMOS 18. Results showed that three dimensions of interactional, procedural, and distributive justice affected customers emotions (negative and positive) and satisfaction. Customers emotions were also found to be having a mediating role in the relationship between perceptions of fairness (except procedural fairness) and customer satisfaction. The other results are the effect of customer satisfaction on behavioral intentions (repeat purchases and Word-of-mouth advertising). Finally, the study suggests some practical solutions and future research topics.

Abstrak :
Usia awal perkawinan menuntut pasangan suami istri untuk menyesuaikan diri. Pandemi COVID-19 juga menambah tantangan bagi pasangan yang bisa menyebabkan marital distress. Penelitian ini diikuti oleh 1.144 WNI yang berada pada usia perkawinan 0-5 tahun dengan perbandingan 74% partisipan perempuan dan 26% partisipan laki-laki. Hasil analisis regresi pada seluruh partisipan menunjukkan bahwa perceived fairness dan expressive suppression berkontribusi sebesar 16% dalam memprediksi marital distress pada lima tahun pertama perkawinan di luar pengaruh variabel kovariat F(2, 1133) = 124,025, R2 = 0,269, p < 0,001. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa perceived fairness(βtotal partisipan = 0,403, βkelompok perempuan = 0,420, βkelompok laki-laki = 0,305) berperan lebih besar daripada expressive suppression (βtotal partisipan = -0.078, βkelompok perempuan = -0.063, βkelompok laki-laki = -0.097) dalam memprediksi marital distress. Kemudian hasil analisis regresi pada kelompok perempuan menunjukkan bahwa perceived fairness dan expressive suppression berkontribusi sebesar 17,3% dalam memprediksi marital distress pada lima tahun pertama perkawinan di luar pengaruh variabel kovariat, F(2, 835) = 102,782, R2 = 0,298, p < 0,001. Sedangkan pada kelompok laki-laki, hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa perceived fairness dan expressive suppression berkontribusi sebesar 9,2% dalam memprediksi marital distress pada lima tahun pertama perkawinan di luar pengaruh variabel kovariat, F(2, 294) = 17,420, R2 = 0,226, p < 0,001. Berdasarkan hasil regresi, dapat dilihat bahwa kontribusi perceived fairness dan expressive suppression dalam memprediksi marital distress pada perempuan lebih besar dibandingkan kontribusi perceived fairness dan expressive suppression dalam memprediksi marital distress pada laki-laki. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi pasangan untuk terhindar dari marital distress. ......Early years of marriage require plenty of adjustment for married couples. COVID-19 pandemic gives additional challenges that can lead married couples to marital distress. This research is participated by 1,144 Indonesian citizen in the first five years of marriage that consisted of 74% female and 26% male participants. Regression analysis shows that perceived fairness and expressive suppression give 16% contribution in predicting marital distress in the first five years of marriage in both female and male participant F(2, 1133) = 124.025, R2 = 0.269, p < .001. This research also shows that perceived fairness (βtotal participant = 0.403, βfemale group = 0.420, βmale group = 0.305) consistently gives bigger contribution than expressive suppression (βtotal participant = -0.078, βfemale group = -0.063, βmale group = -0.097) in different groups. In the female group, regression analysis shows that perceived fairness and expressive suppression give 17.3% contribution in predicting marital distress in the first five years of marriage, F(2, 835) = 102.782, R2 = .298, p < .001. In the male group, regression analysis shows that perceived fairness and expressive suppression give 9.2% contribution in predicting marital distress in the first five years of marriage, F(2, 294) = 17.420, R2 = .226, p < .001. These results indicate that perceived fairness and expressive suppression give greater contribution in predicting marital distress in female compared to predicting marital distress in male. These findings can be used by married couples to avoid marital distress.