Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang : Rumah Sakit Kanker X merupakan pusat rujukan penyakit kanker nasional yang menangani berbagai jenis penyakit kanker. Dengan semakin meningkatnya penderita kanker maka paparan obat-obat sitostatika terhadap petugas kesehatan juga semakin meningkat sehingga dapat menimbulkan resiko terjadi peningkatan stres oksidatif. Oleh karena itu untuk mengetahui apakah ada peningkatan stres oksidatif pada perawat yang terpapar obat-obat sitostatika di rumah sakit ini maka dilakukan penelitian melalui pengukuran kadar stres oksidatif dalam tubuh dengan parameternya pemeriksaan peroksidasi lipid (MDA) membandingkan pekerja di rumah sakit yang terpapar dengan perawat yang tidak terpapar obat-obatan sitostatika. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Study Comparative Cross Sectional dengan membandingkan rerata kadar MDA 63 perawat yang terpajan obat sitostatika dengan 62 perawat dan pekerja di rumah sakit tersebut yang tidak terpajan obat sitostatika sebagai kontrol. Pengukuran data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pengambilan darah untuk pemeriksaan kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA). Hasil : Dari pemeriksaan kadar MDA didapatkan rerata kelompok terpajan sebesar 0,474 nmol/mL dan kelompok tidak terpajan sebesar 0,407 nmol/mL .Uji statistik menyatakan kedua kelompok ini memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,005) dan hasil ini sesuai dengan perbandingan klinis yang diharapkan >0,06 nmol/mL. Untuk menghindarkan bias dilakukan perbandingan kadar MDA dengan variabel lain (umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, status pernikahan, IMT, tempat kerja, penggunaan APD, penggunaan Safety Cabinet dan pengetahuan tentang sitostatika) dan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna baik dari masingmasing kelompok maupun perbandingan antar kedua kelompok dengan kategori yang sama. Kesimpulan : terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara perawat yang terpajan dengan yang tidak terpajan sitostatika baik dari segi perbedaan klinis maupun uji statistik. ......Background: x Cancer Hospital is a nationwide referal center that provides services for treating various types of cancer. The increasing number of cancerous patients lead to the inclination of risk from cytostatic exposure in health workers, such as nurses, and subsequantly can increase the risk of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was an increase of oxidative stress amon nurses exposed to cytostatic drugs in the hospital, by conducting a measurement of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) as the parameter of oxidative stress in human. The measurement was held in group of nurses exposed and not exposed by cytostatic drugs. Method. The design of the study was comparative study by comparing the mean levels of MDA between 63 cytostatic-exposed nurses and 62 cytostatic-non exposed nurses and workers at the hospital as controls. Data were collected by undergoing interview and examination of MDA level from blood. Results. The mean of MDA level from cyostatic exposed and non exposed group were respectively 0,474 nmol/mL and 0,407 nmol/mL. There was a significance in statistical difference between two groups (p< 0.005) and the result was consistent with the expected clinical comparison. In order to avoid bias, the comparison of MDA with other variables (age, sex, education, marital status, BMI, place of work, use of PPE, usage of Safety Cabinet and knowledge of cytostatic drugs) was held. There was no significant difference in both groups. Conclusions: Oxidative stress, as the response to the exposure of chemotherapy treatments, measured as MDA level in exposed and non exposed nurses was clinically and statistically different.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif korelasi dengan rancangan Cross Sectional yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menentukan (deterrninan) kinerja perawat pelaksana dalam pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan di ruang rawat inap RSUD Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie Ternate. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 102 perawat pelaksana dan jumlah sampel adalah total populasi. Penelitian ini juga dilengkapi dengan pengumpulan data kualitatif melalui in depth interview kepada empat kepala ruangan sebagai key informan dan observasi hasil dokumentasi asuhan keperawatan kepada klien yang dilakukan responden. Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel dependent dan independent dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square dan uji T, sedangkan untuk mengetahui faktor penentu kinerja perawat pelaksana dalam pendokumentasian dilakukan dengan uji regress logirtik Banda. Hasil analisis bivariat dengan alpha 5% menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara lima variabel yaitu tingkat pendidikan, sikap, motivasi, imbalan, dan supervisi dengan kinerja perawat pelaksana. Faktor lama kerja dan prasarana tidak berhubungan dengan kinerja perawat pelaksana dalam pendokumentasian. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan dan sikap merupakan deterrninan kinerja perawat pelaksana dalam pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan di ruang rawat map RSUD Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie Ternate. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan mayoritas perawat pelaksana mempunyai kinerja kurang baik dalam pendokumentasian yaitu 81,4%. Terkait hal ini maka disarankan untuk meninjau kembali hal-hal yang dapat dilakukan berhubungan dengan faktor 'individu maupun organisasi rumah sakit guna meningkatkan kinerja perawat. Bidang keperawatan terutama melakukan penilaian kinerja perawat pelaksana dalam pendokumentasian secara berkala sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas dokumentasi asuhan keperawatan.

---

This study was corellationaI descriptive method with cross sectional design. The aim of the study was to explore factors that decide (determinant) nurse's performance in nursing care documentation in patient ward at Ternate Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie Local Government Hospital. Population were 102 nurses and it was whole nurses. The study we equipped with qualitative collecting data by in depth interview to 4 head nurses as key informant and observation of result nursing care documentation. Chi square and T-independent test were used to explore the relation between independent variables toward dependent variables. Dominant variables thet decided performance, double regression logistic was used. The result of bivariate with alpha 5 % show that there were significant relation between education, attitude, motivation, reward and supervision with nurse's performance. The conclusion of this study showed that educational and attitude were determinant of performance in documentation of nursing care at Ternaate Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie Local Government Hospital. The result of nurse within applied nursing care documentation was 81,4 % and it included bad performance. Recommendation based on the result was reviewing factors that influenced individual as well as organizational to improve nurse's performance. Nursing department ?especially perform continual evaluation toward nurse's performance that documentation of nursing care could be improved qualitically.

Abstrak :
Recruitment and hiring of new graduate nurses is seen as a potential strategy to mitigate the problem of nurse shortage. However, previous studies disclosed that new graduate nurses are inadequately prepared to enter practice and experience transition difficulties. This study aimed to determine the perceived competence and transition experience of new graduate Filipino nurses. Seventy-nine conveniently chosen new graduate nurses were surveyed in this descriptive cross-sectional research. Self-administered instruments were used to gather data. Descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U test, and Kruskal–Wallis test were the statistical tools employed. Results indicated that new graduate nurses had a high level of self-reported fundamental nursing skills (M= 7.99) and core competence (M= 8.16), although areas needing improvement were identified. There were no significant differences in the perceived competence based on the length of experience, year graduated, area of assignment, sex, type of school graduated, CPD participation, and hospital bed capacity (p> .05). The major difficulty experienced by new graduates during their transition was related to changes in role expectations (72.2%). Majority expressed the need for increased support during their transition (83.5%). The most satisfying aspects of their working environment were ongoing learning (81%) and peer support (74.7%), while the least satisfying was the negative nursing work environment (55.7%). New graduate nurses are equipped with the necessary nursing skills and core competencies. However, there are still gaps and areas needing improvement that should be addressed and supported to assist them in their transition to the world of professional nursing practice. Follow up, feedback, mentoring, and preceptorship are beneficial to enhance the competencies of new graduate nurses and facilitate their successful transition into the nursing workforce.

Abstrak :
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik individu dan penerapan Metode Asuhan Keperawatan Primer dengan kemampuan perawat dalam pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif korelasi dengan disain potong lintang (cross sectional) terhadap 124 perawat di Unit Penyakit Dalam dan Bedah PK Sint Carolus Jakarta pada tanggal 25 Juni - 4 Juli 2001.

Hasil penelitian secara signfikan menunjukkan bahwa 89,5% perawat primer mempunyai tingkat kemampuan pengambilan keputusan tinggi, dan 10,5% mempunyai kategori sedang 78,2% perawat primer mempunyai kategori baik dalam penerapan asuhan keperawatan primer dan 21,8% mempunyai kategori cukup. Variabel independen yang mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan kemampuan perawat dalam pengambilan keputusan adalah umur, pengalaman kerja, tindakan keperawatan komprehensif, otonomi pengambilan keputusan, dan komunikasi antar perawat. Dari variabel dependen tersebut sebagai prediktor yang paling besar pengaruhnya terhadap kemampuan perawat dalam pengambilan keputusan adalah komunikasi antar perawat.
Daftar Pustaka 51 (1975-2001)

---

The Relationship Between Individual Characteristic And Implementation of Primary Nursing Care Method With Nurse's Capability to Make Decision at Medical and Surgical Unit of Sint Carolus Health Service Institution Jakarta.The main purpose of the research is going to acquire information about the relationship between individual characteristics and the implementation of primary nursing methods towards nurses ability to make decision. This descriptive correlation research with cross sectional designed was conducted toward 124 nurses at medical and surgical unit of Sint Carolus Hospital, Jakarta from June 25 until July 04, 2001.

Results indicated that significantly, 89.5% of primary nurses had a high level category of making decisions, and the rest (10.5%) had an intermediate one; 78.2% of primary nurses had a good category in implementing primary nursing methods and 21,8% were in sufficient category. Independent variables that had significant relationship with nurses ability to make decision were age, working experience, comprehensiveness 1 the depth of nursing intervention, autonomous decision making and communication among nurses. According to variables independent, the most influential predictor on nurses' ability to make decision was communication among nurses.
Bibliography 51 (1975-2001

Abstrak :
Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan rumah sakit untuk menghadapi kompetisi dengan rumah sakit lain, manajemen rumah sakit harus memandang keberadaan sumber daya manusia (SDM) sebagai aset rumah sakit yang sangat penting. Tenaga kesehatan sebagai SDM merupakan unsur penentu dalam keberhasilan rumah sakit. Tenaga kesehatan yang paling besar jumlahnya di rumah sakit adalah perawat. Kekurangan tenaga perawat dalam segala bentuk akan mempengaruhi jalannya pelayanan kepada pasien dan dapat mempengaruhi citra rumah sakit. RSUD Pasar Rebo saat ini masih mengalami kekurangan tenaga perawat. Sejauh ini belum diketahui beban kerja dan pola waktu kegiatan perawat yang bertugas di RSUD Pasar Rebo khususnya di ruang rawat Inap. Karena itu rumah sakit harus memberikan perhatian terhadap beban kerja dan pola waktu kegiatan perawat untuk menghitung jumlah tenaga perawat secara tepat sesuai dengan kegiatan pelayanan di rawat inap. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis beban kerja, klasifikasi pasien, metode penugasan, kebijakan rumah sakit, dan karakteristik perawat di ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam dan bedah dalam upaya penghitungan jumlah tenaga perawat yang sesuai. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif dengan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan kegiatan perawat, pengisian kuesioner pada perawat di ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam dan bedah, dan wawancara mendalam pada manajer RSUD Pasar Rebo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RSUD Pasar Rebo masih mengalami kekurangan tenaga perawat di ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam dan bedah berdasarkan penghitungan melalui analisis beban kerja perawat dan dari rasio jumlah perawat dengan jumlah pasien. Salah satu unsur yang tidak kalah penting untuk diperhatikan dalam penghitungan jumlah tenaga perawat adalah klasifikasi pasien dimana klasifikasi pasien di ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam dan bedah paling banyak adalah moderate care. Kegiatan tindakan merupakan tindakan langsung yang menyita sebagian besar waktu perawat di ruang Cempaka dan Melati. Kegiatan komunikasi kepada pasien dan keluarga pasien di ruang Cempaka dan Melati masih kurang. Kurangnya komunikasi ini dapat menggambarkan bahwa kurang tenaga perawat dapat mengakibatkan ada kegiatan penting yang tidak dilaksanakan atau kurang dilaksanakan. Kegiatan administrasi pasien dan rekam medik menyita waktu sebagian besar kegiatan keperawatan tidak langsung. Kegiatan administrasi yang tidak dianjurkan adalah kegiatan administrasi keuangan karena perawat dapat terbebani dengan hal-hal yang seharusnya bukan kegiatannya. Metode penugasan yang berlaku di ruang Cempaka dan Melati adalah kombinasi dari metode fungsional dan tim. Rencana ke depan akan diubah menjadi metode tim dengan dasar penyempurnaan dari metode penugasan yang berlaku sekarang. Dengan akan diberlakukannya metode penugasan tim maka harus diperhatikan perbandingan jumlah tenaga perawat dengan jumlah pasien untuk setiap tim. Dengan adanya data tentang beban kerja perawat, klasifikasi pasien, metode penugasan, kebijakan rumah sakit dalam memenuhi jumlah tenaga perawat, dan karakteristik perawat yang ada. Data ini di masa yang akan datang dapat digunakan sebagai dasar perencanaan jumlah tenaga perawat yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pelayanan kepada pasien rawat inap di RSUD Pasar Rebo. ......Concerning with the enhancement of hospital services for facing competition among hospitals, hospital management has to consider human resources as the most influential asset. Human resources in health section is one of determining factor for hospital success. The largest number of human resources in health section is nurse. Lacking of nursing resources can influence hospital services and image. RSUD Pasar Rebo, where this research was carried out, has been lacking of nursing resources. So far, it is still unknown about the nursing workload and work-time pattern of nurses' activities whose duty is giving medical care in the in-patient wards. Therefore, the hospital management has to pay attention to the workload and work-time pattern of nurses to determine the number of nurses needed to match the service activities in the in-patient wards. The purpose of this research was to analyze nursing workload, patient classification, assignment method, hospital policy, and nurses' characteristics in the in-patient wards of internee and post surgery patients to calculate appropriate number of nursing resources. The research method was descriptive with qualitative and quantitative analyses. The research was carried out by observing nursing activities, questionnaire, and in-depth interviews with hospital managers. Results of the research indicate that RSUD Pasar Rebo has been lacking of nursing resources based on the calculation against nursing workload analysis. One of the important factor to be noted for calculating the number of nursing resources is patient classification which in the in-patient wards of internee and post surgery most of patients were classified in a moderate care. The treatment activity is a direct treatment which takes the nurses? working time a lot at Cempaka and Melati wings. Communication with the patients and their family at these wings is still negligible. This can show the lack of nursing resources which can further be used as an indication that there is an important activity with no or little implementation. The administration procedure of the patient and medical recording indirectly take most of the nurses' working time. The unnecessary administrative duty is not financial as it means adding nurses' workload with a job not in line with their job's description. The assignment method carried out at Cempaka and Melati wings is combination of functional and team method. In the future, this will be changed into team method only, based on the improvement of the current assignment method. Adopting team assignment method will require close attention to the ratio between the number of nurses and patients in each team. The data resulted from this research, was the nurses' workload, patient classification, assignment method, hospital policy to meet the required number of nursing resources, and current nurses' characteristics. These data can be used in the future as the basis of planning program to meet appropriate number of nurses in order to provide excellent services for the in-patients at RSUD Pasar Rebo Jakarta.