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Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Performa mastikasi dapat dilihat dari kemampuan menghancurkan makanan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya adalah jumlah FTUs. Namun, belum diperoleh jumlah FTUs minimal untuk menghasilkan performa mastikasi baik. Selain itu, usia dan jenis kelamin juga berpengaruh terhadap performa mastikasi tetapi beberapa penelitian memiliki perbedaan pendapat terkait hal tersebut. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh jumlah FTUs, usia, dan jenis kelamin terhadap performa mastikasi. Metode: Penilaian jumlah FTUs melalui catatan kontak gigi posterior dari 50 subjek sesuai kriteria inklusi sedangkan penilaian performa mastikasi melalui pencampuran warna bolus permen karet dua warna. Hasil Penelitian: Jumlah FTUs sangat berpengaruh terhadap performa mastikasi p=0.667 sedangkan usia dan jenis kelamin tidak mempengaruhi performa mastikasi p=0,245 dan p=0,169. Kesimpulan: Semakin banyak jumlah FTUs maka semakin baik performa mastikasi. ...... Background: Individual masticatory performance can be shown from their ability to break down the food. Number of FTUs can affect masticatory performance. But, there is no research about the minimum number of FTUs that still produce a good masticatory performance. In addition, age and gender also affects for masticatory performance but few studies have disagreements about that. Purpose: To analyze the effect of number of FTUs, age and gender for masticatory performance. Methods: Number of FTUs's evaluation through the contact record of posterior teeth from 50 subjects that include in criteria and masticatory performance's evaluation through the color mixing gum bolus. Results: Number of FTUs give positively affect for masticatory performance p 0.667 whereas age and gender doesn't affect for that p 0,245 and p 0,169 . Conclusion: The greater number of FTUs makes good masticatory performance.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut seperti karies gigi dan penyakit periodontal merupakan penyebab terbesar kehilangan gigi pada pasien lanjut usia (lansia). Kehilangan gigi pada lansia dapat menyebabkan kesulitan untuk mengunyah dan menggigit makanan sehingga fungsi mastikasi terganggu dan mengakibatkan pemilihan makanan tertentu. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara kehilangan gigi dan faktor sosiodemografi (usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan dan status ekonomi) dengan kemampuan mastikasi pada lansia secara subjektif, serta menganalisis hubungan antara kehilangan gigi pada lansia dengan jumlah pemilihan jenis makanan, cara pengolahan makanan dan potongan/ukuran bahan makanan. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional pada 100 pasien Puskesmas Kecamatan Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur yang berusia 60 tahun ke atas. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kondisi kehilangan gigi berdasarkan indeks Eichner, serta wawancara kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi (Hanin) dan kuesioner pemilihan jenis makanan (Oey Kam Nio). Hasil Penelitian: Kehilangan gigi memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kemampuan mastikasi pada lansia (p=0.001), jumlah pemilihan jenis makanan, cara pengolahan makanan (mentah dan goreng), dan potongan/ukuran bahan makanan (sedang). Usia, tingkat pendidikan dan status ekonomi memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kemampuan mastikasi. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara kehilangan gigi, usia, tingkat pendidikan, dan status ekonomi dengan kemampuan mastikasi pada lansia. ......Dental and oral health problems such as dental caries and periodontal disease which are the biggest causes of tooth loss in elderly. Tooth loss in elderly can cause difficulty in chewing and biting food so disruption of mastication function and selection of certain food. Objectives: o analyze relationship between tooth loss and sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education level and economic status) with subjective masticatory ability in elderly, analyze relationship between tooth loss in elderly and number of food choice, food processing method and food material size. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted on 100 patients of Kramat Jati Sub-district Health Center, East Jakarta aged 60 years and over. Examination of tooth loss condition based on Eichner index and interview masticatory ability questionnaire (Hanin) and selection of food types questionnaire (Oey Kam Nio). Results: Tooth loss has a significant relationship with masticatory ability in elderly (p=0.001), number of food choice, food processing method (raw and fried), and size of food (medium). Age, education level and economic status have a significant relationship with masticatory ability. Conclusion: There is a relationship between tooth loss, age, sex, education level and economic status with masticatory ability in elderly.

Abstrak :
Objectives: (1) To assess the masticatory muscles activity in patients with Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) before orthodontic treatment, (2) to determine the correlation between TMD and the masticatory muscles activity (masseter muscles and anterior temporalis muscles). Methods: Twenty-two patients with malocclusion before undergoing orthodontic treatment (8 males, 14 females; mean age of 26,78 ± 4.34 years) were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups: 11 patients with TMD and 11 patients without TMD (Non- TMD). The masticatory muscles were evaluated using standardized electromyography during 5 seconds of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) through cotton-roll biting. For statistical analysis, the root mean square (RMS) valueof masticatory muscles was calculated and compared between the two groups. Results: The TMD groups showed alower electromyographic activity than the non- TMD group during MVC, with no significant differences in the right and left masticatory muscles between these groups. A weak negative correlation and no statistically significant differences were found between TMD and the electromyography activity of masseter muscles. Conclusions: Patients with TMD had a lower electromyographic activity in the masticatory muscles than those without TMD. Thus, electromyography can be an objective parameter to assess muscles activity for TMDdiagnosis. ......Objectives: (1) To assess the masticatory muscles activity in patients with Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) before orthodontic treatment, (2) to determine the correlation between TMD and the masticatory muscles activity (masseter muscles and anterior temporalis muscles). Methods: Twenty-two patients with malocclusion before undergoing orthodontic treatment (8 males, 14 females; mean age of 26,78 ± 4.34 years) were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups: 11 patients with TMD and 11 patients without TMD (Non- TMD). The masticatory muscles were evaluated using standardized electromyography during 5 seconds of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) through cotton-roll biting. For statistical analysis, the root mean square (RMS) valueof masticatory muscles was calculated and compared between the two groups. Results: The TMD groups showed alower electromyographic activity than the non- TMD group during MVC, with no significant differences in the right and left masticatory muscles between these groups. A weak negative correlation and no statistically significant differences were found between TMD and the electromyography activity of masseter muscles. Conclusions: Patients with TMD had a lower electromyographic activity in the masticatory muscles than those without TMD. Thus, electromyography can be an objective parameter to assess muscles activity for TMDdiagnosis.

Abstrak :
Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan alat ukur kemampuan mastikasi serta menganalisa hubungan antara kemampuan mastikasi dengan kualitas hidup yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada pra-lansia dan lansia wanita yang hidup di suatu komunitas. Latar belakang : Kehilangan gigi merupakan kondisi yang sering ditemukan pada pra-lansia dan lansia yang dapat mempengaruhi fungsi mastikasi. Penilaian fungsi mastikasi dapat dilakukan secara subyektif maupun obyektif. Penilaian mastikasi secara subyektif perlu dilakukan untuk menilai persepsi individu terhadap kemampuan mastikasinya. Alat ukur berupa kuesioner merupakan salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk menilai kemampuan mastikasi. Kemampuan mastikasi merupakan salah satu faktor yang berperan dalam fungsi stomatognatik dan pada kesehatan individu secara umum. Metode : Subjek penelitian adalah 165 wanita usia 45 tahun ke atas yang berdomisili di kecamatan Bekasi Timur, kotamadya Bekasi, Jawa Barat. Subyek diminta untuk menjawab kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi dan kuesioner dampak kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap kualitas hidup. Dilakukan pemeriksaan intraoral untuk melihat jumlah gigi sisa, serta kontak antara gigi-geligi asli. Hasil: Didapat suatu alat ukur kemampuan mastikasi berupa kuesioner yang valid dan reliabel dengan indeks Eichner sebagai baku emas. Dari analisis ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara kemampuan mastikasi dengan kualitas hidup yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Kesimpulan : Alat ukur berupa kuesioner dapat digunakan untuk menilai kemampuan mastikasi. Kemampuan mastikasi merupakan fungsi stomatognatik yang penting dan dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup ditinjau dari aspek kesehatan gigi dan mulut. ...... Objective : The purpose of this study is to obtain masticatory assessment tool and to analyze the relationship between masticatory ability with oral health-related quality of life in preelderly and elderly women in a community. Background : Tooth loss is a condition frequently found in pre-elderly and elderly which affects masticatory function. Masticatory function can be assessed subjectively or objectively. The assessment of subjective masticatory function is needed to evaluate an individual's perception of his/her masticatory ability. One of the methods to evaluate masticatory ability is by using assessment tool in questionnaire format. Masticatory ability is one of the factors that affect stomathognatic function and health in general. Method : Subjects consist of 165 women age 45 and beyond, living in Bekasi Timur, West Java. Subjects were interviewed using masticatory ability and oral health-related quality of life questionnaires. Intraoral examination was carried out to see numbers of existing teeth and occlusal contact between the teeth. Results : A valid and reliable masticatory ability assessment tool with Eichner index as golden standard was acquired. Statistical analysis showed a significant relation between masticatory ability and oral health-related quality of life in pre-elderly and elderly women. Conclusion : An assessment tool in questionnaire format can be used to evaluate masticatory ability. Masticatory ability is an important aspect of stomathognatic function that affects oral health-related quality of life in pre-elderly and elderly women.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Proses penuaan dapat menyebabkan perubahan fisiologis pada jaringan gigi dan mulut, termasuk fungsi pada sendi temporomandibula. Mastikasi merupakan salah satu fungsi sistem stomagtonati yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh gangguan sendi temporomandibula (Temporomandibula Disorders). Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula terhadap kemampuan mastikasi, serta menganalisis pengaruh faktor sosiodemografi terhadap gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan kemampuan mastikasi. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional pada 100 pasien Puskesmas Kecamatan Kramat Jati berusia 60 tahun ke atas. Dilakukan pencatatan diri responden, pemeriksaan klinis intraoral, dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi dan ID-TMD. Hasil penelitian: Gangguan sendi temporomandibula memiliki hubungan (p < 0,05) terhadap kemampuan mastikasi. Terdapat hubungan antara usia dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula, tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan dan status ekonomi dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Terdapat hubungan antara usia, tingkat pendidikan, dan status ekonomi dengan kemampuan mastikasi, tetapi tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan kemampuan mastikasi. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh gangguan sendi temporomandibula terhadap kemampuan mastikasi pada lansia.

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ABSTRACT
Background: Aging process involve physiological changes in the teeth and mouth tissues, including temporomandibular joint function. Mastication is one of the main functions of the stomatognathic system that may be affected by temporomandibular disorders. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between temporomandibular disorder towards masticatory ability, to analyze sociodemographic factors (age, gender, educational level, and economic status) towards temporomandibular disorder and masticatory ability. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients of Puskesmas Kramat Jati aged 60 years and over. Subject's data and oral examination were obtained, and interview for masticatory ability and ID-TMD were conducted. Results: There was correlation (p < 0.05) between temporomandibular disorder towards masticatory ability. There was correlation between age towards temporomandibular disorder, but there was no correlation between gender, educational level and economic status towards temporomandibular disorder. There was correlation between age, educational level, and economic status towards masticatory ability, but there was no correlation between gender towards masticatory ability. Conclusion: This study shows that temporomandibular disorders negatively influence masticatory ability in elderly.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Kehilangan gigi masih menjadi masalah dalam kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia. Kehilangan gigi posterior yang tidak digantikan dengan gigi tiruan dapat menyebabkan terganggunya kemampuan mastikasi. Kemampuan mastikasi yang buruk berdampak terhadap pemilihan makanan dan mempengaruhi status nutrisi. Jika hal ini terjadi pada ibu hamil, dapat mempengaruhi bayi yang ada di dalam kandungannya. Belum ada penelitian yang mengamati hubungan kemampuan mastikasi dengan berat lahir bayi di Indonesia. Beberapa penelitian terdahulu meneliti faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi berat lahir bayi seperti asupan nutrisi ibu, paritas, jarak kehamilan, usia kandungan jenis kelamin bayidan faktor lainnya. Adapun penelitian terdahulu tentang asupan nutrisi ibu hamil dengan berat lahir bayi ditinjau berdasarkan jenis makanannya. Sedangkan dalam penelitian ini asupan nutrisi ibu di amati berdasarkan total kalori yang di konsumsi ibu. Tujuan : Menganalisis hubungan kemampuan mastikasi, asupan nutrisi, dan indeks massa tubuh ibu hamil yang kehilangan gigi posterior terhadap berat lahir bayi. Metode: Studi analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik consecutive sampling pada ibu yang sudah melahirkan, usia 20-35 tahun, memiliki satu atau lebih gigi yang hilang dan tidak memakai gigi tiruan. Subjek diamati jumlah dan lokasi gigi hilangnya, pengambilan data dari buku KIA, menjawab kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi dan aupan nutrisi. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan one sample t-test, independent t-test, Kruskal-Wallis dan uji korelasi pearson. Hasil: Kemampuan mastikasi pada ibu hamil yang kehilangan gigi posterior memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan berat lahir bayi dengan nilai p 0.000, asupan nutrisi pada ibu hamil yang kehilangan gigi posterior memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan berat lahir bayi dengan nilai p 0.000, Indeks Massa Tubuh IMT ibu hamil yang kehilangan gigi posterior memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan berat lahir bayi dengan nilai p 0,038. Aspek yang paling berhubungan dengan berat lahir bayi adalah indeks massa tubuh ibu hamil yang memiliki nilai korelasi pearson 0,142. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan kemampuan mastikasi pada ibu hamil yang kehilangan gigi posterior dengan berat lahir bayi, terdapat hubungan asupan nutrisi pada ibu hamil yang kehilangan gigi posterior dengan berat lahir bayi, terdapat hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh IMT ibu hamil yang kehilangan gigi posterior dengan berat lahir bayi, aspek yang paling berpengaruh terhadap berat lahir bayi adalah indeks massa tubuh

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ABSTRACT
Background Tooth loss is still a major oral health problem oral health in Indonesia. Tooth loss which can rsquo t replaced by denture can cause mastication ability disturbance. Bad mastication function can affect to food choice and nutritional status. If this occurs to pregnant women, it can affect the baby in her womb. There is no study which observes the relationship beetween mastication ability with infant birth rsquo s weightin Indonesia. Some previous studies showed factors which affect infant birth rsquo s weightsuch as mother rsquo s nutrient intake, parity, pregnancy gap, fetal age, infant sex and other factors. Previous research about pregnant women nutrient intake with infant birth rsquo s weightwere viewed based on type of food. While in this study mother rsquo s nutrient intake dased on total calories. Objective To analyze relationship between mastication ability, nutrient intake and body mass index of pregnant women with posterior tooth loss with birth weight of baby. Method Study design is analytical observational study with cross sectiona. This study was performed with consecutive sampling, to mothers who gave birth, aged 20 35, have one or more missing posterior teeth, no denture. Missing teeth number and location were observed, the data was taken from KIA booklet and subjects answered questionairre about mastication ability and nutrient intake. This study was analyze by one sample t test, independent t test, Kruskal Wallis and Pearson. Result Mastication ablity of pregnant women with posterior tooth loss with infant birth rsquo s weightwas found statistically significant p 0,000 . Nutrient intake of pregnant women with posterior tooth loss with infant birth rsquo s weight was also found statistically significant p 0,000 . BMI of pregnant women with posterior tooth loss with infant birth rsquo s weight was found statistically significant p 0,038 . The most correlate aspect with infant birth rsquo s weight is BMI of pregnant women with pearson correlation value 0,142. Conclusion There is a relationship between mastication ability of pregnant women with posterior tooth loss with infant birth rsquo s weight. There is a relationship between nutrient intake of pregnant women with posterior tooth loss with infant birth rsquo s weight. There is a relationship between BMI of pregnant women with posterior tooth loss with infant birth rsquo s weight. The most correlated aspect with infant birth rsquo s weight in BMI of pregnant women.

Abstrak :
Tujuan: Tujuan dari kajian sistematis ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi alat ukur yang dapat mengevaluasi disfungsi otot orofasial saat mastiksai dan/atau deglutasi pada pasien Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD).  Metode: Protokol kajian disusun dan diregistrasikan pada International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada enam basis data daring yaitu Pubmed, Scopus, EBSCO, ProQuest, SpringerLink and Wiley dengan membatasi hanya literatur dalam bahasa Inggris dan dipublikasikan dalam rentang waktu tahun 2012 hingga 2022. Kriteria inklusi yang ditetapkan adalah studi yang mengevaluasi otot orofasial dalam pemeriksaan perilaku, performa, efisiensi, durasi, frekuensi mastikasi dan/atau deglutasi pada pasien TMD. Studi yang terpilih sesuai kriteria inklusi dilakukan ekstraksi data dan penilaian risiko bias menggunakan borang Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Hasil: Dari proses seleksi didapatkan 2848 literatur dan terdapat 21 literatur yang termasuk dalam kriteria inklusi. Untuk mengukur disfungsi otot orofasial, empat belas literatur menggunakan alat ukut surface electromyography (sEMG), dua belas literatur menggunakan Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES) dan satu literatur menggunakan MBGR Protocol. OMES and MBGR merupakan protokol pemeriksaan yang mencakup postur, mobilitas dan fungsi otot orofasial dari persepsi operator.  Kesimpulan: Meskipun sifatnya yang non invasif, perolehan data sEMG saja tidak cukup untuk mendapatkan informasi disfungsi otot orofasial saat mastikasi dan deglutasi. OMES dan MBGR memberikan data tambahan yang luas dalam aspek postur, mobilitas dan fungsi dari otot orofasial. Keduanya dapat diaplikasikan secara efisien dalam mengidentifikasi serta mengevaluasi perawatan pada pasien TMD.  ......Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to identify instruments that evaluates orofacial muscle dysfunctions during mastication and/or deglutition in temporomandibular disorders  Materials and methods: Protocol was organized and registered to the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. Literature search were conducted in 6 databases, Pubmed, Scopus, EBSCO, ProQuest, SpringerLink and Wiley with restriction for studies that are published in English between 2012-2022. The inclusion criteria are studies evaluating orofacial muscle within behaviour, performance, efficiency, duration, frequency assesment during mastication and/or deglutition in TMD patients. Data extraction were followed by risk of bias (RoB) assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and continued with further analysis.  Results: Through selection process on 2848 articles found, 21 were included. For measurement on orofacial muscle, fourteen studies used surface electromyography (sEMG), twelve studies used Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES) and one study used MBGR Protocol. OMES and MBGR are examination protocols that covers posture, mobility and functions from the perception of operator.   Conclusions: Despite that it is non invasive, sEMG data are not sufficient to obtain information on muscle dysfunction during mastication and deglutition. OMES and MBGR protocols provides broad supplementary data on posture, mobility and functions of orofacial muscle. Both protocols are efficiently applicable for identification and treatment evaluation for TMD patients.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Saat ini penggantian gigi yang hilang dengan mahkota tiruan penuh dukungan implan merupakan salah satu perawatan dental yang sudah umum dilakukan. Tolak ukur keberhasilan perawatan implan gigi dapat dinilai dengan mengevaluasi performa mastikasi dan kepuasan pasien. Namun, penelitian yang mengevaluasi performa mastikasi dan kepuasan pasien dalam waktu yang singkat pada restorasi implan masih sedikit dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi perubahan performa mastikasi dan kepuasan pasien dalam waktu singkat segera setelah dilakukan pemasangan mahkota tiruan penuh posterior dukungan implan.  Metode: Jumlah subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 50pasien dengan kehilangan posterior rahang bawah  di RSKGM FKG UI dan beberapa klinik swasta di Jakarta. Sebelum dan dua minggu setelah dilakukan pemasangan mahkota tiruan penuh dukungan implan pada gigi posterior rahang bawah,subjek dievaluasi performa mastikasinya secara objektif menggunakan color-changeable chewing gum. Selanjutnya, kepuasan responden terhadap kemampuan pengunyahan, kenyaman, dan retensi dalam mulut dievaluasi secara subjektif menggunakan VAS.  Hasil: Diperoleh peningkatan secara signifikan pada performa mastikasi dua minggu setelah dilakukan pemasangan mahkota tiruan penuh posterior dukungan implan dibandingkan sebelumnya (p=0,000; p < 0,005; Wilcoxon test). Demikian pula pada kepuasan pasien ditemukan adanya peningkatan setelah dilakukan pemasangan mahkota tiruan penuh posterior dukungan implan (p=0,000; p < 0,005: Wilcoxon test). Secara statistik tidak ada pengaruh bermakna antara faktor usia dan jenis kelamin dengan  performa mastikasi (p=0,807; p=0,317; p > 0,005; Spearman Correlation test) dan kepuasaan pasien (p=0,690; p=0,317; p > 0,005; Spearman Correlation test).  Kesimpulan : Terjadipeningkatan performa mastikasi dan kepuasan pasien setelah dilakukan pemasangan mahkota tiruan penuh posterior dukungan implan. Usia dan jenis kelamin tidak berpengaruh terhadap performa mastikasi dan kepuasan pasien.

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Introduction: Nowadays, dental implant can be considered as a common treatment option to do in dentistry. Succesful parameter in implant dentistr can be measured by evaluating masticatory performances and patients satisfaction. However, there has been little research on short term improvement of masticatory performances and patients satisfaction in relation to implant restoration treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the improvement in masticatory performances two weeks after posterior implant restoration.  Methodology: Fifty patients of the Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia and several private clinics with missing mandibular posterior tooth were included in the study. Masticatory performances were evaluated and objectively by utilizing color-changeable chewing gum and the satisfaction of the patient were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS). Patients satisfaction regarding mastication function, comfort and retention intraoral were verified on the VAS before and two weeks after implant restoration placement.  Result: Significant differences in masticatory performance were noted at baseline (before implant posterior restoration) and to two weeks after implant restoration (p=0,000; p < 0,005; Wilcoxon test). The posttreatment functional of patients satisfactions ratings significantly exceeded the VAS score (p=0,000; p < 0,005; Wilcoxon test). Statistically, theres no significant difference between age and gender correlate to mastication performance (p=0,807; p=0,317; p > 0,005; Spearman Correlation test) and patients satisfaction p=0,690; p=0,317; p > 0,005; Spearman Correlation test). Conclusion: Masticatory performances and patients satisfactions were improved two weeks after implant restoration. Age and gender did not affect the masticatory performances nor the patients satisfactions.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang : Konsep balanced occlusion umum digunakan pada pembuatan GTP, namun konsep canine guidance menawarkan proses yang sederhana dan mengurangi resorbsi alveolar ridge. Diperlukan penelitian mengenai perbandingan kedua konsep oklusi ini di Indonesia. Tujuan : Menganalisis efektivitas konsep canine guidance dibandingkan balanced occlusion pada pemakai gigi tiruan penuh (GTP). Metode : Sepuluh pemakai GTP berpartisipasi dalam uji klinis dengan desain menyilang, lima subjek dipilih acak untuk memakai GTP balanced occlusion kemudian canine guidance dan lima yang lain memakai GTP canine guidance kemudian balanced occlusion. Pengukuran dilakukan tiga puluh hari setelah pemakaian setiap konsep oklusi. Aktivitas elektromiograf otot masseter superfisialis dan temporalis anterior subjek direkam dengan alat EMG, dan subjek mengisi kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi. Hasil : Rerata antara aktivitas EMG otot masseter superfisialis dan otot temporalis anterior pada pemakaian GTP canine guidance berbeda bermakna (p < 0,05) dengan balanced occlusion. Rerata antara skor kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi pada pemakaian GTP canine guidance berbeda bermakna (p=0,046) dengan balanced occlusion. Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna (p = 0,045) dan kuat (r=0,642) antara aktivitas EMG otot temporalis anterior dengan skor kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi saat pemakaian GTP balanced occlusion dan antara aktivitas EMG otot masseter superfisialis dengan skor kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi (p=0,045 ; r=0,648) saat pemakaian GTP canine guidance. Kesimpulan : Aktivitas otot mastikasi saat memakai GTP canine guidance lebih rendah signifikan secara klinis dan berbeda bermakna secara statistik dengan balanced occlusion. Kemampuan mastikasi secara subjektif juga lebih baik saat memakai GTP canine guidance.

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Background : Balanced occlusion commonly used in complete denture fabrication, however, canine guidance offers a simple process and reduce alveolar ridge resorption. Comparative study of these two concepts occlusion is required in Indonesia. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of canine guidance to the balanced occlusion in complete denture wearers. Methods: Ten denture wearers participating in cross-over clinical trials, five subject randomly selected to wear balanced occlusion followed by canine guidance, five others wearing canine guidance followed by balanced occlusion. Outcomes were measured after 30 days of each occlusal scheme. Elektromiograf activities of superficial masseter muscle and anterior temporal muscle were recorded, participants also answered a masticatory ability questionnaire. Results: There are significant differences between the EMG activity of superficial masseter muscle and the anterior temporal muscle canine guidance on canine guidance wearers and balance occlusion (p <0.05). Patients rated their masticatory ability significantly better for the canine guidance denture (p = 0.046). There are significant and strong correlation (p = 0.045 ; r = 0.642) between the EMG activity of anterior temporal muscle and masticatory ability upon wearing balanced occlusion denture, and also between the superficial EMG activity of superficial masseter muscle and masticatory ability (p = 0.043; r = 0.648) upon wearing canine guidance denture. Conclusion: EMG activity of masticatory muscles upon wearing canine guidance denture are clinically and statistically lower to balanced occlusion. Masticatory ability are also better when using canine guidance denture according to the patients.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Komponen terbesar pada indeks DMFT ialah kehilangan gigi dan terjadi paling banyak pada kelompok lansia. Kehilangan gigi dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan dalam mengunyah makanan sehingga berdampak pada kurangnya asupan nutrisi. Metode: Metode potong lintang yang dilakukan di 4 Puskesmas di wilayah Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta Selatan dan Jakarta Timur. Jumlah subjek lansia ialah sebanyak 93 subjek dan didapatkan melalui teknik convenience sampling. Pada subjek dilakukan pemeriksaan intraoral, pengukuran antropometri BMI dan diwawancara menggunakan kuesioner Mini Nutritional Assessment MNA. Hasil: Ditemukan bahwa 53,8 subjek masih memiliki jumlah gigi sebanyak 20 buah atau lebih. Sebanyak 55,9 subjek memiliki risiko terhadap malnutrisi. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jumlah gigi yang tersisa, gigi karies, gigi hilang, gigi yang ditambal dan kemampuan mastikasi p > 0,05 dengan status nutrisi. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara status kesehatan gigi dan mulut dan kemampuan mastikasi terhadap status nutrisi pada lansia. ...... Background: The biggest component in DMFT index is tooth loss, and mostly occur in elderly. Tooth loss can affect the ability in chewing food then it may affect the lack of nutrition intake. Methods: The cross sectional study was performed in 4 community health center in Central Jakarta, South Jakarta and East Jakarta. It was involving 93 elderly age ge 60. The sampling method was convenience sampling. Subjects were submitted to intraoral examination, anthropometric measurement BMI and as well as interview using Mini Nutritional Assessment MNA. Results: 53,8 subjects have 20 or more sum of natural teeth. 55,9 subjects have risk at malnutrition. The results of correlation test showed that sum of natural teeth, decay teeth, missing teeth, filling teeth, and masticatory performance p 0,05 were not significantly correlated with nutritional status BMI and MNA. Conclusion: There is no relationship between oral health status and masticatory performance with nutritional status in elderly.