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"I think you are misunderstanding the perceived problem here, Mr President. No one is saying that you broke any laws. We are just saying it is a little bit weird that you did not have to.'- John OliverThe Daily Show, 10 June 2013'John Oliver formulated in this context the very question about the limits, about the use and abuse, of the law and of the state's power when it comes to global mass surveillance practices. Where does lie the 'thin red line' between the two legitimate yet seemingly competing interests: national security and privacy? [...] The result we present to the reader might seem merely another book about the Snowden affaire and the fall of Safe Harbor, but these two have been (only) an inspiration. Our object of interest is the protection of data privacy in relations between Europe and Americas as a challenge for democracy, the rule of law and fundamental rights. [...] The present book is very clearly an anthology - it is a compilation of diverse contributions, from different perspectives, within a broad topic. Our aim with this volume is to highlight a selection of particularly 'hot' questions within the topic of trans-Atlantic data privacy relations as they look at the end of 2016. [...] In the final chapter, we draw out and highlight those themes we see emerging within the body of this work. We eventually attempt to suggest a few lessons de lege ferenda.- from the Preface by the editors'Under the 'Lisbon Treaties', which are in force since 2009, the European Union regards itself as a distinct political entity, which is not a federation of Member States, but it is held together - as Luuk van Middelaar says - with a unique invisible glue". This connection is grounded with shared goals. One of them - expressed both in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (Article 16) and in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (Articles 7 and 8) is a unique obligation to protect personal data. Stating that everyone has the right to the protection of personal data concerning them the European Union feels obliged to observe how safe is the data both held in its territory and transferred outside thereof'- from the Foreword by Wojciech R. WiewiórowskiAssistant European Data Protection Supervisor'Privacy and data protection are topics of international significance. While the EU-US relationship gets a great deal of attention there are also many crucial issues of a more global nature. This book includes contributors of international stature who deal with Snowden and Safe Harbour but also go beyond them to address some of the key topics affecting privacy at the international level. The topics are timely and the authors highly qualified and the book will be of interest to anyone interested in privacy and data protection law and policy.'- Dr Christopher KunerCo-Director Brussels Privacy Hub Vrije Universiteit Brusseleditor-in-chief International Data Privacy Law"

"This article seeks to discuss the impact on privacy of personal information when the state couple big data technology with public measures to conduct massive metadata surveillance without targeting specific persons or having a specific purpose to surveil. Methodologically, this article employs constitutional law and comparative legal analysis to critically examine litigation in the U.S. triggered by government mass surveillance and establishes a conceptual category of “government mass surveillance,” which exhibit several elements. This is followed by an examination of the theoretical development and practical experience drawn from several seminal cases of the U.S. Federal Courts. This article found that the treasure trove of litigation in the U.S. Federal Courts have significantly changed people’s perceptions and presumptions of privacy. The 2013 Snowden disclosures profoundly revealed that the federal judiciary of the U.S. is confronted by the inherent defects and deficiencies embedded in the theoretical framework of “reasonable expectations of privacy” and “third-party doctrine,” which was established in the 1980s and based on the dichotomy of the public / private domain. This article further introduces the “mosaic theory” as a supplementary interpretative approach and evaluates its enlightening significance. This article concludes that the rigorous debate between the U.S. federal court’s judgment and American legal scholarship not only outlines the difficulty and urgency of reclaiming informational privacy in the era of big data, but also dictates a paradigm shift in our expectation of informational privacy toward a less standardized and more flexible interpretation. These insightful lessons should inform Taiwanese courts as they respond to prevailing issues presented by government mass surveillance."

"Pengawasan telah berkembang menjadi alat utama bagi negara untuk mengontrol warganya, mencerminkan transformasi ke dalam bentuk "panoptisisme baru". Konsep "panoptisisme baru" diambil dari bentuk perkembangan dari metafora Panoptikon yang mengintegrasikan teknologi canggih pengawasan untuk memonitor dan mengontrol masyarakat, memicu transformasi menjadi negara paranoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam konsep "panoptisisme baru" yang telah berevolusi dari ruang fisik ke ruang digital dari tiga negara, yaitu Amerika Serikat, Cina, dan Indonesia. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana pengalaman AS dan Cina menggunakan teknologi pengawasan canggih untuk mendukung kontrol sosial dan keamanan nasional, hingga merefleksikannya ke Indonesia. Metodologi yang digunakan mencakup studi kepustakaan dan analisis isi, dengan fokus pada dokumen resmi oleh Amnesty International pada tahun 2024 terkait pembelian beberapa lembaga pemerintah Indonesia terhadap alat pengawasan massal canggih dari berbagai negara, seperti Israel dan Jerman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari pengalaman Amerika Serikat dan Cina terhadap penggunaan program pengawasan massal panoptisisme baru, kedua negara dapat diidentifikasi sebagai negara paranoid. Selanjutnya, refleksi kedua negara ini digunakan untuk mengkaji fenomena pembelian alat pengawasan dan kebijakan terkait pengawasan di Indonesia. Hasil dan kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teknologi alat pengawasan dan spyware digunakan secara ekstensif untuk mengumpulkan informasi berpotensi untuk melanggar hak asasi manusia dan menjadi kejahatan negara.

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Surveillance has evolved into a primary tool for states to control their citizens, reflecting a transformation into a form of "new panopticism." The concept of "new panopticism" is derived from the evolution of the Panopticon metaphor, integrating advanced surveillance technology to monitor and control society, leading to a transformation into a paranoid state. This research aims to thoroughly examine the concept of "new panopticism," which has evolved from physical to digital space in three countries: the United States, China, and Indonesia. The study analyzes how the experiences of the US and China in using advanced surveillance technology to support social control and national security can be reflected in Indonesia. The methodology includes literature review and content analysis, focusing on official documents by Amnesty International in 2024 regarding the purchase of advanced mass surveillance tools by several Indonesian government agencies from various countries, such as Israel and Germany.The findings indicate that from the experiences of the United States and China with the use of new panopticism mass surveillance programs, both countries can be identified as paranoid states. Furthermore, the reflection of these two countries is used to examine the phenomenon of surveillance tool purchases and related policies in Indonesia. The results and conclusions of this study show that surveillance technology and spyware are extensively used to collect information, potentially violating human rights and constituting state crime."