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"A comprehensive practical guide to all types of nail surgery, including some cosmetic procedures, this is a master-class for those wishing to perform nail surgery, with clear descriptions of each stage involved and of any complications and how to deal with them."

"Radiasi merupakan salah satu faktor pembentuk radikal bebas, itu sebabnya petugas yang bekerja di bagian radiasi rentan untuk terpapar radiasi sehingga menimbulkan radikal bebas. Eksperimen ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberepa besar pengaruh radiasi terhadap pembentukan radikal bebas pada sampel kuku dan mempelajari proses peluruhan radikal bebas tersebut. Untuk memudahkan eksperimen ini, sampel kuku diradiasi dengan dosis kecil 0,5 Gy, 1 Gy, 3 Gy, 5 Gy dan 10 Gy. Selain itu, untuk mempelajari peluruhan radikal bebas sampel kuku diradiasi dengan dosis besar yaitu 100, 200, dan 300 Gy, kemudian mengukur ulang dengan ESRsetelah satu jam. Yang terakhir adalah pengukuran kuku pada petugas radiasi di sumber gamma cell. Hasil Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) menunjukan bahwa sampel kuku mengandung jumlah radikal bebas yang sesuai dengan banyaknya dosis yang diberikan dan mengalami penurunan jumlah radikal bebas setelah satu jam.

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Radiation is one factor that forming free radicals, thats why radiation employee has a risk to get irradiated by radiation source nearby . This experiment meant to know how much radiation effect to free radical forming and learn process of freeradical decay. To ease this experiment, fingernail samples were irradiated bygamma with variated dose 0,5, 1, 3, 5 and 10 Gy. Beside that, to learn free radicaldecay, fingernails were irradiated with variated dose 100, 200, and 300 Gy, thenfingernails measured by ESR after one hour. The last is ESR measurement forfingernails of radiation employee. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) result showedthat fingernails contain number of free radicals as much as radiation dose andbeing decreased after one hour irradiated."

"Latar Belakang: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) merupakan inflamasi muskuloskeletal yang progresif. Psoriasis kuku merupakan faktor prediktor kuat PsA dengan prevalensi mencapai 87%. Skor modified nail psoriasis severity index (mNAPSI) merupakan salah satu penilaian derajat keparahan psoriasis kuku dengan reliabilitas interrater yang baik. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan hubungan antara skor mNAPSI dengan PsA serta kerusakan sendi interfalang distal, sehingga dipikirkan bahwa derajat keparahan kuku dapat dijadikan sebagai penapisan kejadian PsA serta kaitannya dengan aktivitas penyakit PsA.Tujuan: Menilai hubungan derajat keparahan kuku menggunakan skor mNAPSI dengan kejadian PsA dan korelasi skor mNAPSI dengan derajat keparahan PsA menggunakan skor clinical disease activity for psoriatic arthritis (cDAPSA). Sebagai hasil tambahan, dilakukan penilaian korelasi skor psoriasis area severity index (PASI) dan cDAPSA. Secara deskriptif menilai proporsi kelainan psoriasis kuku secara klinis maupun dermoskopi pada pasien PsA dan tanpa PsA.Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik. Setiap subyek penelitian (SP) dengan psoriasis kuku yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dilakukan perhitungan mNAPSI, diagnosis PsA menggunakan classification criteria for psoriatic arthritis (CASPAR), dan menentukan derajat keparahan PsA dengan cDAPSA. Analisis statistik yang sesuai untuk membuktikan hipotesis penelitian. Nilai p <0,05 dianggap signifikan secara statistik.Hasil: Di antara 34 SP terdapat 15 SP yang mengalami PsA. Hubungan antara skor mNAPSI dengan kejadian PsA dianalisis menggunakan ROC dengan hasil nilai area under ROC curve (AUC) 0,58. Korelasi antara skor mNAPSI dengan cDAPSA adalah 0,217 (p=0,437). Terdapat korelasi positif antara PASI dan cDAPSA (r=0,621; p=0,013). Kelainan kuku terbanyak pada penelitian ini adalah onikolisis (72,6%), leukonikia (19,6%), diikuti dengan oil drop dan crumbling masing-masing 12,8%. Seluruh kelainan kuku lebih mudah dilihat dengan dermoskopi, kecuali pitting dan Beau’s line.Kesimpulan: Skor mNAPSI memiliki hubungan lemah dengan kejadian PsA, sehingga tidak dapat digunakan sebagai penapisan kejadian PsA. Selain itu, mNAPSI memiliki korelasi lemah dengan cDAPSA, sehingga derajat kerusakan kuku tidak mencerminkan derajat keparahan PsA.

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Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a progressive musculoskeletal inflammation. Nail psoriasis is a strong predictor of PsA with a prevalence of 87%. The modified nail psoriasis severity index (mNAPSI) score is an objective score for evaluating the severity of nail psoriasis and has excellent interrater reliability. Several studies have shown a correlation between mNAPSI scores and PsA and distal interphalangeal joint damage, so it is thought that the severity of the nail can be used as a screening for the incidence of PsA.

Objective: This study aims to assess the relationship between nail severity using the mNAPSI score with the incidence of PsA and to assess the correlation between the mNAPSI score with PsA severity using the clinical disease activity for psoriatic arthritis (cDAPSA) score. In addition, the correlation between psoriasis area severity index (PASI) and cDAPSA scores was also carried out as additional results. This study also descriptively assessed the proportion of psoriasis nail abnormalities both clinically and dermoscopy in patients with PsA and without PsA.

Methods: This research is an analytic observational. All research data are recorded in the research status. Each subject met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, calculated the mNAPSI score, diagnosed PsA using the classification criteria for psoriatic arthritis (CASPAR) score, and determined the severity of PsA with the cDAPSA score. Appropriate statistical analysis was performed to prove the research hypothesis. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Among 34 subject, 15 (44%) experienced PsA. The relationship between the mNAPSI score and the incidence of PsA was analyzed using ROC. Based on this analysis, the area under ROC curve (AUC) value was 0.58. The correlation between mNAPSI and cDAPSA scores was 0.217 (p=0.437). There was a positive correlation between the PASI value and cDAPSA and it was statistically significant (r=0.621; p=0.013). The most common nail abnormalities in this study were onycholysis (72.6%), leukonychia (19.6%), followed by oil drop and crumbling (12.8%). All nail abnormalities are easier to see with dermoscopy, except for pitting and Beau's line.

Conclusion: The mNAPSI score has a weak relationship with the incidence of PsA, so it cannot be used as a screening for the incidence of PsA. In addition, this score also has a weak correlation with the cDAPSA score, so the degree of nail damage does not reflect the severity of PsA."

"Asuransi Usaha Ternak Sapi dan Kerbau merupakan produk asuransi yang penting bagi peternak dalam menghadapi bahaya yang mengancam usaha ternaknya. Penelitian ini membahas (1) pengaturan Asuransi Usaha Ternak Sapi dan Kerbau di Indonesia; (2) pengaturan mengenai Asuransi Usaha Ternak  Sapi dan Kerbau di Vietnam; dan (3) risiko kematian akibat PMK sebagai risiko yang ditanggung dalam Asuransi Usaha Ternak Sapi dan Kerbau. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan metode analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa perbedaan antara peraturan asuransi usaha ternak sapi di Indonesia dan Vietnam mengenai besaran subsidi premi yang diberikan oleh Pemerintah, risiko yang ditanggung oleh asuransi, dan wilayah yang dapat menerapkan Asuransi Usaha Ternak Sapi dan Kerbau. Pembahasan selanjutnya adalah PMK yang merupakan penyakit yang berdampak besar pada usaha peternakan yang mana seharusnya ditanggung oleh asuransi mengingat PMK termasuk dalam risiko fundamental. Meski demikian, manajemen risiko tetap diperlukan untuk mencegah penyebaran kerugian atau meminimalkan kerugian yang timbul. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah harus mengakui PMK sebagai risiko yang ditanggung oleh asuransi untuk industri sapi dan kerbau di Indonesia.

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Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance is an important insurance product for farmers in facing the risks that can endanger their livestock business. This study discusses (1) regulation on Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance in Indonesia; (2) regulation on Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance in Vietnam; and (3) risk of death due to FMD as a risk covered by Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance. The research method used is normative juridical with qualitative analysis methods. The results of this study can be concluded that there are several differences between the regulations of cattle and buffalo business insurance in Indonesia and Vietnam regarding the amount of premium subsidies provided by the Government, the risks borne by insurance, and the areas that can apply Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance. The next discussion is FMD, which is a disease that has a major impact on livestock business, which should be covered by insurance considering that FMD is a fundamental risk. However, risk management is still needed to prevent the spread of losses or minimize losses that arise. Therefore, the government must recognize FMD as a risk covered by insurance for the cattle and buffalo industry in Indonesia."

"Latar belakang: Hampir sebagian besar pasien kanker akan memiliki keluhan kulit, rambut, dan kuku (KRK) terkait efek samping kemoterapi yang diberikan. Antrasiklin merupakan kemoterapi yang banyak digunakan pada pasien kanker. Meskipun jarang mengancam nyawa, kelainan KRK dapat menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hidup. Berbagai faktor risiko berpengaruh terhadap kelainan tersebut. Waktu timbulnya manifestasi kelainan KRK pada pasien kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi berbasis antrasiklin juga beragam munculnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara usia, penyakit penyerta sistemik, status gizi, ECOG, dan anemia dengan manifestasi klinis KRK pada pasien kanker yang menjalani dua siklus kemoterapi berbasis antrasiklin.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan kohort prospektif yang diikuti dalam dua siklus pertama kemoterapi berbasis antrasiklin. Sebesar 65 pasien kanker berusia di atas 18 tahun yang mendapatkan kemoterapi siklus pertama berbasis antrasiklin di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Semua SP dilakukan anamnesis, pemeriksaan dermatovenereologikus, dan dokumentasi klinis sampai sebelum kemoterapi siklus ke-3. Pencatatan faktor risiko, jenis, dan waktu timbulnya kelainan dilakukan apabila ditemukan manifestasi KRK.Hasil: Kelainan kulit terbanyak berupa xerosis dan hiperpigmentasi. Anagen effluvium ditemukan pada 89,2% pasien kemoterapi. Melanonikia dan xanthonikia ditemukan pada 87,7% pasien. Xerosis ditemukan dengan median (minimum-maximum) 7 (2-56) hari, anagen effluvium timbul dalam median (minimum-maximum) 13(1-27 hari), dan melanonikia dengan median (minimum-maximum) 23(1-65) hari. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara usia, penyakit penyerta sistemik, status gizi, status performa ECOG, dan anemia dengan manifestasi KRK pada pasien kanker yang menjalani dua siklus kemoterapi berbasis antrasiklin.Kesimpulan: Semua pasien memiliki kelainan KRK. Kelainan yang paling cepat timbul adalah xerosis, diikuti anagen effluvium, dan melanonikia. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara usia, penyakit penyerta sistemik, status gizi, status performa ECOG, dan anemia dengan manifestasi KRK pada pasien kanker yang menjalani dua siklus kemoterapi berbasis antrasiklin.

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Background: Nearly most cancer patients experience skin, hair, and nail complaints due to chemotherapy side effects. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy is widely utilized in cancer care. While rarely life-threatening, cutaneous, hair, and nail alterations can significantly impact quality of life. Several risk factors influence these disorders. The onset timing of skin, hair, and nail manifestations varies among cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy. This study analyses the association between age, systemic comorbidities, nutritional status, ECOG performance status, and anaemia with clinical manifestations of skin, hair, and nails in cancer patients undergoing two cycles of anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

Methods: This is an analytical descriptive study involving a prospective cohort followed during the first two cycles of anthracycline-based chemotherapy. A total of 65 cancer patients aged above 18, receiving the first cycle of anthracycline-based chemotherapy at RSUPN dr. Ciptomangunkusumo, were enrolled. All subjects underwent anamnesis, dermatovenereological examination, and clinical documentation before the third chemotherapy cycle. Risk factors, type, and onset time of abnormalities were recorded upon detection of skin, hair, and nail manifestations.

Results: All patients presented with skin, hair, or nail abnormalities. The most rapidly occurring abnormalities were xerosis, followed by anagen effluvium and melanonychia. No correlation was found between age, systemic comorbidities, nutritional status, ECOG performance status, and anaemia with skin, hair, and nail manifestations in cancer patients undergoing two cycles of anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Conclusions: The most frequent skin abnormalities observed were xerosis and hyperpigmentation. Anagen effluvium was detected in 89.2% of chemotherapy patients. Melanonychia and xanthonychia were found in 87.7% of patients. Xerosis had a median (min-max) onset of 7 (2-56) days, anagen effluvium manifested within a median (min- max) of 13 (1-27) days, and melanonychia with a median (min-max) onset of 23 (1-65) days. There was no association found between age, systemic comorbidities, nutritional status, ECOG performance status, and anaemia with skin, hair, and nail manifestations in cancer patients undergoing two cycles of anthracycline-based chemotherapy."

"Disertasi ini membahas algoritme neuromuscular taping terhadap manifestasi klinis gangguan mikrosirkulasi pada kaki dabetik. Tahapan riset meliputi kajian literatur, faktor risiko neuropati kaki diabetik, uji diagnostik, standarisasi perawatan pencegahan neuropati kaki diabetik, standarisasi NMT FANI pada perawatan neuropati kaki diabetik dan pembentukan algoritme. Desain penelitian uji diagnostik dengan cross sectional, sedangkan uji efek NMT FANI terhadap kelembapan, suhu, kapiler lipatan kuku dan nyeri neuropati dengan desain eksperimental. Instrument menggunakan moisture meter skin, thermometer infrared, capiloroscopy, biothesiometer dan LANSS. Hasil uji diagnostik menunjukan moisture meter skin (sensitifitas, spesifisitas dan akurasi 74%); capilaroscopy (sensitifitas, spesifisitas dan akurasi 73%) baik dalam mendeteksi neuropati kaki diabetik. Uji thermograph menunjukan sensitifitas 73.07% dalam mendeteksi kelainan neuropati, spesifisitas 56.42% dan akurasi 59.03%. Uji thermometer gun menunjukan sensitifitas 56.66%, spesifisitas 53.67% dan akurasi 54.21% kurang baik dalam mendeteksi neuropati kaki diabetik. NMT FANI berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kelembapan kulit, kapiler lipatan kulit kuku dan derajat nyeri neuropati pada kaki diabetik (p value < 0.05), sedangkan pada suhu kaki tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan (p value > 0.05). Hasil akhir algoritme tersusun dari pengkajian awal dari hasil anamnesis faktor risiko, pemeriksaan fisik dan diagnostik serta tatalaksana NMT FANI. Indikator kelembapan kulit, perubahan struktur kapiler lipatan kuku kaki dan intervensi NMT FANI perlu dimasukan dalam tatalaksana kaki diabetik.

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This dissertation discusses the neuromuscular taping algorithm against the clinical manifestations of microcirculation disorders in the diabetic foot. The research stages included a review of literature, risk factors for neuropathy of diabetic foot, diagnostic tests, standardization of preventive treatment of diabetic foot neuropathy, standardization of NMT FANI in the treatment of diabetic foot neuropathy, and algorithm formation. The study design was a cross-sectional diagnostic test, while an experimental design was employed for the NMT FANI effect test on skin moisture, temperature, nail fold capillaries, and neuropathic pain. The instruments used were a skin moisture meter, infrared thermometer, capillaroscopy, biothesiometer, and LANSS. The diagnostic test results showed that the SC skin moisture meter (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy 74%) and capillaroscopy (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy 73%) were good at detecting diabetic foot neuropathy. The thermograph test shows a sensitivity of 73.07% in detecting neuropathic disorders, a specificity of 56.42% and an accuracy of 59.03%. The thermometer gun test showed a sensitivity of 56.66%, a specificity of 53.67%, and an accuracy of 54.21% that was not good at detecting diabetic foot neuropathy. NMT FANI had a significant effect on skin moisture, nail fold capillaries, and the degree of neuropathy pain in diabetic foot (p value < 0.05), while foot temperature did not significantly influence (p value > 0.05). The end result of the algorithm is composed of a preliminary assessment of the results of the history of risk factors, physical examination, diagnostic and management of NMT FANI. Indicators of skin moisture, changes in the capillary structure of the nail folds and NMT FANI interventions need to be included in the management of diabetic foot."

"Pewarna rambut alami menjadi pilihan untuk memperbaiki penampilan rambut karena tidak berbahaya dan tidak menimbulkan alergi. Salah satu pewarna alami yang digunakan adalah pacar kuku. Penggunaan pacar kuku sering dicampur dengan air seduhan teh hitam untuk meningkatkan intensitas warna yang dihasilkannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas fisik dan efektivitas pewarnaan dari krim yang mengandung ekstrak pacar kuku dan ekstrak teh hitam. Dalam penelitian ini dibuat lima formulasi krim pewarna rambut yang masing-masing mengandung ekstrak pacar kuku 4%, ekstrak teh hitam 2% dan campuran kedua ekstrak yaitu pacar kuku 4% dengan teh hitam dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,5%, 1%, dan 2%. Uji stabilitas krim dilakukan dengan pengamatan hasil cycling test, uji mekanik, dan penyimpanan pada suhu rendah (5°C±2°C), suhu kamar (27°C±2°C) dan suhu tinggi (40°C±2°C). Uji efektivitas pewarnaan antara lain intensitas warna dengan alat chromameter Minolta CR-300 dan ketahanan warna dengan penyimpanan di ruangan, penyinaran di bawah sinar matahari dan pencucian dengan sampo. Setiap formula menunjukkan kestabilan fisik selama 8 minggu, namun terjadi perubahan warna krim karena krim teroksidasi pada penyimpanan suhu kamar dan suhu tinggi. Formula campuran ekstrak pacar kuku 4% dan teh hitam dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,5%,1% dan 1% menghasilkan intensitas warna yang lebih kuat daripada formula ekstrak pacar kuku 4% . Setiap formula menghasilkan ketahanan warna selama 30 hari.

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Natural hair colorants become the choice to improve hair performance because it is not harmful and non allergic. One of them is henna. Based on experience, the use of henna often mix with black tea for increasing the colour intensity from henna. The aim of this experiment is to know physical stability and coloring effectivity of combination of henna and black tea extract cream. In this experiment, five formulation were made: cream with 4% henna extract; cream with 2% black tea extract, cream with 4% henna extract combined with 0,5%, 1% and 2% of black tea extract.

The stability of cream formulations were tested by cycling test, centrifugal tested, and stored in low (4°C±2°C), room, and high (4°C±2°C) temperatures. The coloring effectivity in case of colour intensity was measured by chromameter Minolta CR-300 and in case of colour tenacity, the coloured hair was tested with three treatments : stored in room, sunlight exposed and shampoo washing. Each formulation shows the physical stability in 8 weeks, but changes in colour because of oxidation when stored in room and high temperatures. The combination of 4% henna extract with 0,5%, 1% and 1% black tea extract give the stronger colour intensity than 4% henna. Each formulation gives the colour tenacity in 30 days."