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"Kontak imajiner Tingginya kekerasan dan kebencian berdasarkan identitas (minoritas) tertentu semakin meningkat di Indonesia, terutama kepada kelompok transpuan. Karenanya perlu dilakukan intervensi yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan toleransi terhadap kelompok identitas gender minoritas. Intervensi untuk menginisiasi toleransi dapat dimulai dari kelompok orang muda di Indonesia agar dapat hidup berdampingan satu sama lain melalui pendekatan teori imagined contact hypothesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan prasangka negatif terhadap transpuan secara signifikan sig (24) = 2.78, p < .01 (one-tailed) dimana sikap terhadap transpuan lebih positif pada kelompok setelah diberikan intervensi imagined contact (M = 55.32, SD = 17.18, n = 25) dibandingkan sebelum intervensi (M = 62.68, SD = 14.99, n = 25).

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The high level of violence and hatred based on certain (minority) identities is increasing in Indonesia, especially to transwomen. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct interventions aimed at increasing tolerance for minority gender identity groups. Interventions to initiate tolerance can be started from groups of young people in Indonesia so that they can coexist with each other through the approach of the imagined contact hypothesis theory.

The results showed a significant decrease in prejudice towards transwomen (24) = 2.78, p <.01 (one- tailed) where the attitude was more positive in the group after imagined contact intervention (M = 55.32, SD = 17.18, n = 25) rather than before the intervention (M = 62.68, SD = 14.99, n = 25)."

"Latar belakang: Pengetahuan dan perawatan lensa kontak yang baik merupakan faktor yang memengaruhi keamanan dan risiko komplikasi akibat penggunaan lensa kontak. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan materi edukasi yang valid dan dapat digunakan sebagai standar materi edukasi bagi penjual lensa kontak sehingga informasi yang akurat dapat diberikan kepada seluruh pengguna lensa. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang terdiri dari 2 tahap, yaitu pengembangan materi edukasi dan validasi. Pengembangan materi edukasi diawali dengan tinjauan pustaka dan kesepakatan ahli melalui metode modifikasi Delphi. Item materi edukasi yang telah melalui seleksi ahli kemudian dibuat menjadi brosur, presentasi, dan checklist untuk divalidasi kepada penjual dan pengguna lensa kontak. Hasil: Item materi edukasi yang disepakati melalui metode modifikasi Delphi berjumlah 38 item materi. Nilai validasi konstruk materi edukasi adalah 3,54. Kesimpulan: Materi edukasi termasuk dalam kategori sangat valid sehingga dapat dipakai sebagai materi edukasi bagi penjual dan pengguna lensa kontak di Indonesia.

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Background: The safety and risk of complications from contact lens use are influenced by factors such as proper knowledge and maintenance. Objective: To produce valid educational materials that can be used as standard educational materials for contact lens sellers in order to provide accurate information. Methods: This research is a qualitative research that consists of two stages, namely the development of educational material and validation. The development of educational materials began with a literature review and expert agreement through Delphi modification methods. Educational material that had been selected by experts were then made into brochures, presentations, and checklists for validation to the sellers and contact lens users. Results: There were 38 different educational materials that were agreed upon using the Delphi modification method. The construct validation value of the education material is 3,54. Conclusion: The educational material falls into the extremely valid category and can be utilized by Indonesian contact lens wearers and salespeople."

"[ABSTRAKTuberkulosis (TB) paru anak merupakan masalah kesehatan global yangterabaikan (neglected), terlebih dengan proporsi 7,32% dari seluruh kasus TB diIndonesia (Balitbangkes, 2013). TB paru anak selalu diakibatkan oleh infeksi TBdari populasi di lingkungan sekitar, khususnya adanya orang dewasa yg sakit TBserumah. Namun, tidak selalu TB paru dewasa mampu menularkan kesakitan padaanak serumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang didugamenurunkan risiko anak tidak sakit TB paru ketika tinggal serumah denganpenderita dewasa. Metode dengan desain kasus kontrol berdasarkan data rekammedis di sembilan rumah sakit rujukan TB anak dan puskesmas di ProvinsiDaerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Kondisi hunian khususnya kamar tidur yangbaik dan intensitas paparan TB paru dewasa yang jarang serta di pengaruhikondisi variabel lain merupakan faktor yang dapat melindungi anak agar tetapsehat meskipun kontak dengan penderita TB paru dewasa serumah;

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ABSTRACTTB disease in children is a global health problem that still neglected, moreoverwith 7,32% proportion of TB cases at Indonesia (Balitbangkes, 2013). Childrenwith TB disease is most always impacted from TB infection at environmentpopulation especially from adult TB household contacts. However, children notalways get the disease as bad as TB adult then. The objective of this study was tofind protective factors that can keep healthy children who had adult TB householdcontacts. A case-control study conducted at nine referred hospital of TB childrenand several health centers based on medical records at Special Region ofYogyakarta Province. The study found that healthy houses, especially withhealthy bedroom and fewer exposures with adult TB in order influenced byconfounders variables. Those variables were reduced the risk of childhood TBdisease eventhough they exposed with adult TB in their environment;TB disease in children is a global health problem that still neglected, moreoverwith 7,32% proportion of TB cases at Indonesia (Balitbangkes, 2013). Childrenwith TB disease is most always impacted from TB infection at environmentpopulation especially from adult TB household contacts. However, children notalways get the disease as bad as TB adult then. The objective of this study was tofind protective factors that can keep healthy children who had adult TB householdcontacts. A case-control study conducted at nine referred hospital of TB childrenand several health centers based on medical records at Special Region ofYogyakarta Province. The study found that healthy houses, especially withhealthy bedroom and fewer exposures with adult TB in order influenced byconfounders variables. Those variables were reduced the risk of childhood TBdisease eventhough they exposed with adult TB in their environment, TB disease in children is a global health problem that still neglected, moreoverwith 7,32% proportion of TB cases at Indonesia (Balitbangkes, 2013). Childrenwith TB disease is most always impacted from TB infection at environmentpopulation especially from adult TB household contacts. However, children notalways get the disease as bad as TB adult then. The objective of this study was tofind protective factors that can keep healthy children who had adult TB householdcontacts. A case-control study conducted at nine referred hospital of TB childrenand several health centers based on medical records at Special Region ofYogyakarta Province. The study found that healthy houses, especially withhealthy bedroom and fewer exposures with adult TB in order influenced byconfounders variables. Those variables were reduced the risk of childhood TBdisease eventhough they exposed with adult TB in their environment]"

"Latar Belakang: TBC merupakan penyakit yang sudah dikategorikan sebagai penyakit mematikan. Penularan TB terjadi melalui udara (airborne disease). Indonesia sendiri merupakan negara yang termasuk dalam kasus TB yang tinggi. Kontak keluarga merupakan faktor risiko terbesar karena pasien TB dapat menularkan dalam satu ruangan. Risiko penularan TB kontak sebesar 3,1% dan TB laten sebesar 51,5%.Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kontak TB di wilayah Ciracas dan mengetahui faktor lingkungan yang berperan dalam penularan TB.Metode: Pasien diperoleh dari Puskesmas Ciracas dan Puskesmas Desa. Peneliti menghubungi pasien, jika berkenan peneliti akan berkunjung ke rumah pasien dan melakukan diagnosa pada semua kontak rumah dan menghitung kondisi rumah pasien. Semua hasil diproses dalam bentuk kategori dan diproses menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistics 24Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil diagnosa dan penilaian lingkungan. Pada kondisi crowding dan penularan TB ditemukan (p>0,05). Pada kondisi ventilasi dan penularan TB ditemukan (p>0,05). Pada penilaian penularan ACH dan TB ditemukan (p>0,05)Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan penilaian kondisi lingkungan (kepadatan, ventilasi, ACH) dengan penularan TB kontak serumah

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Background: TB is a disease that has been categorized as a deadly disease. Transmission of TB occurs through the air (airborne disease). Indonesia itself is a country that is included in the high TB ​​cases. Family contact is the biggest risk factor because TB patients can transmit in one room. The risk of transmission of contact TB is 3.1% and latent TB is 51.5%.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine TB contacts in the Ciracas area and to determine environmental factors that play a role in TB transmission.

Methods: Patients were obtained from the Ciracas Public Health Center and the Village Health Center. The researcher contacted the patient, if desired, the researcher would visit the patient's home and diagnose all home contacts and calculate the condition of the patient's home. All results are processed in categories and processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24

Results: Based on the results of the diagnosis and environmental assessment. In crowding conditions and TB transmission were found (p>0.05). In ventilation conditions and TB transmission were found (p>0.05). In the assessment of transmission of ACH and TB found (p> 0.05)

Conclusion: There is no relationship between assessment of environmental conditions (density, ventilation, ACH) with household contact TB transmission"

"Stigma mengarah pada sikap negatif terhadap nilai, karakteristik, atau praktik yang dianggap tidak sesuai dengan norma yang berlaku pada umumnya. Adanya stigma dan persepsi negatif terhadap pekerja disabilitas pada rekruter non-disabilitas, menjadi salah satu hambatan yang akhirnya membatasi potensi disabilitas dan bertransformasi menjadi kegagalan yang struktural pada kehidupan personal, ekonomi, sosial dan karir mereka. Metode kontak imajiner menjadi salah satu strategi intervensi untuk mengurangi stigma dan persepsi negatif melalui simulasi mental membayangkan kontak atau interaksi dengan anggota kelompok yang distigma dengan lebih positif. Program intervensi kontak imajiner dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan pada 15 partisipan yang merupakan pekerja non-disabilitas yang merupakan rekruter di sektor swasta dan pemerintah. Hasilnya, stigma negatif terhadap pekerja disabilitas dari kondisi sebelum diberi intervensi kontak imajiner (M= 96.26, SD= 10.42, n= 15) berkurang secara signifikan dengan p < 0.05 setelah diberi intervensi kontak imajiner (M= 76.33, SD= 17.37, n= 15). Selain itu, terjadi perubahan perilaku pada partisipan yang dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya sikap positif melalui dukungan pada kampanye pemenuhan kerja bagi disabilitas.

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Stigma refers to negative attitudes towards values, characteristics, or practices that are considered deviating from prevailing norms. The existence of stigma dan negative perceptions towards wokers with disabilities among non-disabled recruiters becomes one of the barriers that ultimately limit the potential of disabilities and transform into structural failures in their personal, economic, social, and career. The imahinary contact method is one of the intervention strategies to reduce stigma and negative perceptions through mental simulation of imagining contact or interaction with stigmatized group members in a more postive way. This research was conducted with 15 participants who were non-disabled workers working as recruiters in both public and private sectors. The result showed a significant reduction in negativity towards workers with disabilities after receiving the imaginary contact intervention (M= 76.33, SD= 17.37, n= 15) compared to before intevention (M= 96.26, SD= 10.42, n= 15) with p <0.05. Furthermore, there was a change in behavior among the participants as evidenced by their increased positive attitudes towards supporting disability employment campaigns. "

"Investigasi Kontak (IK) merupakan kegiatan pelacakan dan investigasi yang ditujukan pada orang-orang yang kontak dengan pasien TB untuk menemukan terduga TB. Puskesmas Cirimekar turut melaksanakan IK dengan meminta seluruh kontak serumah pasien TB BTA (+) dan BTA (-) untuk melakukan pemeriksaan dahak secara gratis di puskesmas. Puskesmas memberikan kemudahan dengan menitipkan pot dahak untuk kontak serumah melalui pasien. Namun kemudahan tersebut belum bisa menjangkau seluruh kontak serumah untuk melaksanakan IK. Hal ini diduga disebabkan adanya stigma asosiasi yaitu seseorang mendapatkan stigma berdasarkan pergaulannya dengan individu lain yang mengalami stigma. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam pada keluarga pasien TB, pasien TB, dokter, perawat serta Kepala Puskesmas pada bulan Juni 2024. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis stigma asosiasi yang menghambat pelaksanaan investigasi kontak TB pada anggota keluarga pasien TB di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cirimekar dan evaluasi untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelaksanaan program dengan menggunakan kerangka kerja Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan IK di Puskesmas Cirimekar masih belum efektif ditinjau dari jangkauan, efektivitas, adopsi, implementasi dan pemeliharaan. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat stigma asosiasi yang dirasakan oleh keluarga pasien TB namun faktor yang lebih dominan sebagai penghambat IK yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan keluarga pasien TB tentang penyakit TB.

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Contact Investigation (CI) is a tracking and investigation activity aimed at individuals who have had contact with TB patients to identify suspected TB cases. Puskesmas Cirimekar is also conducting CI by requesting all household contacts of TB patients (both smear-positive and smear-negative) to undergo free sputum examination at the health center. The health center facilitates by collecting sputum samples from household contacts through the patients, but this convenience has not reached all household contacts to participate in the CI. This is thought to be due to association stigma, namely that someone gets stigma based on their association with other individuals who experience stigma. This is a qualitative study with a case study approach conducted through in-depth interviews with TB patients' families, TB patients, doctors, nurses, and the head of the health center in June 2024. The objective of this research is to analyze the association stigma that hinders the implementation of TB contact investigations among family members of TB patients in the Cirimekar Community Health Center working area and evaluation to determine the effectiveness of program implementation using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. The research results indicate that the implementation of CI at Puskesmas Cirimekar is still ineffective in terms of reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance. In this study, there is a perceive association stigma experienced by TB patients families, but the dominant inhibiting factor in seeking treatment is the lack of knowledge of the TB patient's family about TB."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang : Keberhasilan gigi tiruan dukungan implan sangat ditentukan oleh stabilitas awal (primary stability) pada saat pemasangan, sehingga terjadiosseointegrasi. Stabilitas tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beban oklusal yang diterima melalui restorasi sementara. Beban oklusal yang diterima implant pada , dapat secara langsung pada saat implantasi (immediateloading) atau setelah terjadi osseointegrasi (delayed loading). Masih banyak kontroversi mengenai pengaruh besar beban pada stabilitas implan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian seberapa besar pengaruh kontak oklusal pada restorasi terhadap stabilitas implan yang dipasang secara immediate loading.Metode : Pada tiga ekor Macacafascicularis, dilakukan pemasangan Sembilan implant gigi. Segera setelah implant ditanam pada tulang, restorasi sementara dipasang pada implant dengan kontak ingan, normal dan tanpa kontak. Nilai stabilitas implant diukur menggunakan Ostell ISQ segera setelah pemasangan implan, bulan pertama dankedua setelah pemasangan implan.Hasil : Terdapat perbedaan bermakna dari nilaistabilitas implan (p<0,05) antara kelompok kontak oklusal normal dengan tanpakontak; dan kontak oklusal normal dengan kontak ringan. Namun tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05)pada kenaikan nilai stabilitas implan yang terjadi antara periode baseline, bulan pertama dan bulan kedua pada seluruh kelompok kontak oklusal.Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh kontak oklusal restorasi sementara pada implan yang dipasang secara immediateloading terhadap stabilitas implan dan kontak oklusal yang menghasilkan nilai stabilitas paling besar setelah pemasangan implan adalah restorasi tanpa kontak.

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ABSTRACT

Introduction: successful of dental implant were determined by primary stability when placement. The stability were influnced by occlusal loading thriugh provisional restoration. There are two types of loading protocol that usually used, immediate and delayed loading. But there are still controversies about the influence of occlusal loading on implant's stability. Therefore, it was necessary to study the influence of immediate loading to implant's stability.

Method: Nine dental implants were placed on the mandibular of three Macacafascicularis. Provisional restorations with various occlusal contacts (no contact, light, and normal contact) were placed to the implant. Implant stability was measured using the Ostell ISQ three times, immediately (baseline), first month and second month after implant placement.

Result: Implant stability between implant with no occlusal contact and normal contact and also light occlusal and normal occlusal contact were found significantly different (p<0,05). However, there was no significant increased (p>0,05) found on implant stability measured at baseline, first and second month after implant placement for all occlusal contact groups.

Conclusion: There were influence of immediate loading to implant's stability and provisional restoration of implant without occlusal contact showed highest implant good stability result."