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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Dengan menggunakan desain penelitian mixed-method, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara interaksi ibu-anak dan kemampuan joint attention (JA) pada anak dengan autism spectrum disorder (ASD), khususnya anak dengan ASD usia sekolah yang memiliki kemampuan verbal minim. Metode observasi terstruktur adalah metode pengambilan data utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian. Alat ukur Marschak Interaction Method Rating System (MIMRS) digunakan untuk mengukur kualitas interaksi ibu-anak, sedangkan alat ukur Early Social Communication Scale digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan JA. Tujuh pasang partisipan ibu dan anak dengan ASD usia sekolah yang memiliki kemampuan verbal minim ikut serta dalam penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat hasil yang tidak sejalan terkait hubungan antara interaksi ibu-anak dan kemampuan JA pada anak dengan ASD usia sekolah yang memiliki kemampuan verbal minim. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan uji non-parametrik Korelasi Spearman, diketahui bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara interaksi ibu-anak dan kedua kemampuan JA, yaitu kemampuan responding joint attention (RJA), r_s = -.060, dan kemampuan initiating joint attention (IJA), r_s = .082 (seluruh p > 0.5) pada anak dengan ASD usia sekolah yang memiliki kemampuan verbal minim. Sementara itu, hasil analisis data secara kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa perilaku dan afek dari dimensi engagement terlihat dapat memunculkan kemampuan RJA dan IJA pada anak ASD usia sekolah yang memiliki kemampuan verbal minim.

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ABSTRACT Using a mixed method research design, this study aims to explore the correlation between mother-child interaction and joint attention skill in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), specifically minimally verbal school-aged children with ASD. This study used structured observation method in collecting the data. The Marschak Interaction Method Rating System (MIMRS) is used to measure quality of mother-child interaction, as The Early Social Communication Scale is used to quantify joint attention skill. Seven couples of mothers and children with ASD participated in this study. The result shows there is a differences between the quantitative and qualitative analysis of correlation of mother-child interaction and joint attention skill in minimally verbal school-aged children with ASD. Based on quantitative analysis, using a non-parametric Spearman Correlation, result shows that there is no significant correlation between mother-child interaction and both of types of JA, which is responding joint attention (RJA) and initiating joint attention (IJA), r_s = .082 (seluruh p > 0.5), in minimally verbal school-aged children with ASD. Meanwhile, result from content analysis shows that mother's affect and behaviors in engagement dimension are able to elicit RJA dan IJA in minimally verbal school-aged children with ASD.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai hubungan antara self esteem ibu dan interaksi ibu-anak usia toddler pada keluarga miskin. Self esteem ibu diukur menggunakan Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) yang telah diadaptasi oleh Sarandria (2012) dan interaksi ibu-anak diukur menggunakan Parenting Interaction with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 71 pasang partisipan, yaitu ibu dan anak usia toddler yang berasal dari keluarga miskin. Data penelitian diolah dengan menggunakan teknik statistik Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara self esteem ibu dan interaksi ibu-anak usia toddler pada keluarga miskin (r = -0,234, p = 0,049, signifikan pada LoS 0,05). Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan intervensi kepada ibu dari keluarga miskin berupa pemberian pengetahuan mengenai perkembangan anak dan cara mengasuh serta berkomunikasi yang baik kepada anak. ...... This study is conducted to find the relationship between mother`s self esteem and mother-toddler interaction in poverty family. Self esteem is measured using Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) which was adapted by Sarandria (2012) and mother-child interaction is measured using Parenting Interaction with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). The participant in this research are 71 pairs of mother and toddler from poverty family. Data was analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation technique. The result showed that there is a significant correlation between mother`s self esteem and mother-toddler interaction in poverty family (r = -0,234, p = 0,049, significant at LoS 0,05). The result suggest an intervention for mother in poverty family like giving knowledge about children development, child rearing, and interaction with children.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap interaksi ibu - anak usia toddler di keluarga miskin. Dukungan sosial diukur dengan alat ukur Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet, 1988). Interaksi ibu - anak usia toddler diukur dengan Parenting Interaction with Children : Checklist of Observational Linked to Outcomes (Roggman, Cook, Innocenti, Norman & Christiansen, 2013). Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 71 pasang ibu dan anak usia toddler yang tinggal di sekitar Depok dan Jakarta. Sekitar 59% anak toddler berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan 41% perempuan. Uji Multiple Regression digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap interaksi ibu - anak. Hasil utama penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat cukup bukti dukungan sosial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap interaksi ibu - anak (F=0.144, N=71, p= 0.706, pada los 0.05).

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This research was conducted to get an overview about the impact of social support on mother - toddler interaction in poverty families. Social support was measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet, 1988). And mother - toddler Interaction measured by Parenting Interaction with Children: Checklist of Observational Linked to Outcomes (Roggman, Cook, Innocenti, Norman & Christiansen, 2013). Participants of this study were 71 pairs of mother and toddler who live around Depok and Jakarta. Approximately 59% of toddler sex are male and 41% are female. Multiple Regression Test is used to measure the impact of social support on mother - toddler interaction. The main results of the study shows that there is no sufficient evidence of social support significantly influence mother - toddler interaction (F = 0.144, N = 71, p = 0.706, in Los 0.05).

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini melihat hubungan antara temperamen anak toddler dan interaksi ibu-anak di keluarga miskin. Temperamen anak ditunjukkan dengan adanya tiga dimensi, yaitu surgency, negative affectivity, dan effortful control. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat ukur Early Child Behavior Questionnaire- Very Short Form untuk mengukur temperamen anak toddler, dan The Parents Interacting with Children: Checklist of Observation Linked Outcomes (PICCOLO), untuk mengukur interaksi ibu-anak. Alat ukur Early Child Behavior Questionnaire-Very Short Form telah diadaptasi oleh Hildayani (2014). Teknik statistik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Penelitian ini melibatkan 71 responden ibu yang memiliki anak toddler dan berasal dari keluarga miskin. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara dimensi temperamen anak, yaitu surgency, negative affectivity, dan effortful control dan interaksi ibu-anak di keluarga miskin (p>0,05, tidak signifikan pada L.o.S 0,05.

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This research was made to find the relationship between toddler`s temperament and mother-child interaction in poverty family. Toddler temperament is measured include surgency scale, negative affectivity scale, and effortful control scale. This research is using Early Child Behavior Questionnaire- Very Short Form for assessing toddler temperament, and The Parents Interacting with Children: Checklist of Observation Linked Outcomes (PICCOLO) for assessing mother-child interaction. Early Child Behavior Questionnaire-Very Short Form is adapted by Hildayani (2014). Data was analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation. Participants were 71 mothers who have toddlers in poverty family. The result is there are not significant between toddler temperament scale, are surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control, and mother child interaction in poverty family (p>0.05), no significant at the L.o.S 0.05).

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara parenting self-efficacy dan interaksi ibu-anak toddler pada ibu dari keluarga miskin. Pengukuran interaksi ibu-anak menggunakan alat ukur Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO) (Roggman, Cook, Innocenti, Norman, Christiansen, dan Anderson, 2013). Pengukuran parenting self-efficacy menggunakan alat ukur Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index- Toddler Scale Short Form (SEPTI-TS SF) (Van Rijen, Gasanova, Boonstra, dan Huijding, 2014). Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 71 pasang ibu dan anaknya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara interaksi ibu-anak dan parenting self-efficacy pada ibu dengan keluarga miskin (0.012 pada L.o.S 0.05 ). Domain terendah parenting self-efficacy adalah domain discipline, sedangkan domain tertingginya adalah domain nurturance. Domain terendah interaksi ibu-anak adalah domain teaching, sedangkan domain tertinggi adalah responsiveness.

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This study is conducted to obtain the description between of parenting self-efficacy and mother-toddler interaction on poor family. Parenting self-efficacy measurement using Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index- Toddler Scale Short Form (SEPTI-TS SF) (Van Rijen, Gasanova, Boonstra, dan Huijding, 2014). Mother-child measurement using Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO) (Roggman, Cook, Innocenti, Norman, Christiansen, dan Anderson, 2013). Total participants of this research were 71 couples mother and child in a toddler ages. The result shows that there's significant relationship between parenting self-efficacy and mother-child interaction on mother in a poor family (0.012 pada L.o.S 0.05). The lowest parenting self-efficacy domain is discipline, meanwhile the highest is nurturance. The lowest mother-child interaction domain is teaching, and the highest is responsiveness.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan metode Mediated Learning Experience (MLE) untuk meningkatkan kualitas interaksi ibu dan anak usia 3 hingga 4 tahun pada keluarga miskin. Desain penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimental, one group pre-test and post-test design. Intervensi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah pelatihan yang dilakukan selama 5 hari. Penelitian dilakukan di daerah Kranggan, Bekasi dengan subjek penelitian ibu dengan kondisi keluarga miskin yang memiliki anak usia 3-4 tahun, berjumlah 8 orang. Data observasi diperoleh melalui total skor alat ukur MLERS pada pre-test, post-test 1 dan follow up yang juga direkam dalam bentuk video. Selanjutnya, untuk memperkaya hasil penelitian, dilakukan wawancara pada seluruh subjek. Hasil uji beda Wilcoxon signed-rank test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05), yang berarti terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kualitas interaksi ibu dan anak usia 3 - 4 tahun pada keluarga miskin. Selanjutnya, hasil follow up menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0,05), yang berarti bahwa tidak terdapat perubahan kualitas interaksi yang signifikan pada ibu dan anak usia 3 - 4 tahun pada keluarga miskin. Hasil lebih terinci didiskusikan.

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This study aims to determine the application of the Mediated Learning Experience (MLE) method to improve the quality of interactions between mothers and children aged 3 to 4 years in poor families. The design of this study was quasi-experimental, one group pre-test and post-test design. Interventions in this study by conducting training for 5 days. The study was conducted in the Kranggan area, Bekasi with 8 subjects with poor family conditions that have children aged 3-4 years. Observation data were obtained through the total score of the MLERS gauge in the pre-test, post-test 1 and follow-up tests which were also recorded with video cameras. Furthermore, to enrich the results of the study, interviews were conducted on all subjects. The results of the different Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that there were significant differences (p <0.05), which meant there were significant differences in the quality of interactions between mothers and children aged 3-4 years in poor families. Furthermore, the follow-up test results showed no significant differences (p> 0.05), which meant that there were no significant changes in the quality of interactions between mothers and children aged 3-4 years in poor families. More detailed results are discussed.

Abstrak :
Anak dengan Down Syndrome (DS) memiliki kemampuan delay of gratification yang rendah. Mereka mengalami kesulitan saat harus menunggu dan menunda kepuasan. Sementara kemampuan delay of gratification diperlukan agar dapat menyesuaikan dengan tuntutan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah tentang peran scaffolding dalam interaksi ibu-anak, kemampuan bahasa reseptif, atensi, working memory terhadap kemampuan delay of gratification anak dengan DS. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahap penelitian dimana masing-masing tahap menggunakan rancangan penelitian explanatory sequential mixed methods. Penelitian kuantitatif tahap pertama bertujuan untuk membuktikan (1) korelasi waiting time saat anak menjalankan tugas delay dan kemampuan delay of gratification domain makanan, interaksi sosial, dan physical pleasure menurut persepsi ibu (2) hubungan dimensi dan tipe scaffolding dalam interaksi ibu-anak dan kemampuan delay of gratification. Penelitian kualitatif bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kemampuan delay of gratification anak dari ibu dengan skor scaffolding tinggi dan rendah saat bermain lego. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman Rho. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara waiting time saat anak menjalankan tugas delay dengan kemampuan delay of gratification domain makanan, interaksi sosial dan physical pleasure yang dipersepsi ibu. Dimensi scaffolding yang berkorelasi dengan waiting time anak adalah direction maintenance dan frustration control. Tipe scaffolding yang berkorelasi dengan waiting time adalah speech disertai gesture. Hasil penelitian kualitatif terhadap tiga orang ibu dengan skor scaffolding tinggi dan empat ibu dengan skor scaffolding rendah saat bermain lego menggambarkan bahwa ibu dengan skor scaffolding tinggi memiliki anak dengan waiting time yang lebih lama saat menjalankan tugas delay dibandingkan anak dari ibu dengan skor scaffolding rendah. Penelitian tahap kedua bertujuan untuk membuktikan (1) perbedaan waiting time saat bersama ibu, bersama ibu dan orang asing, bersama orang asing dan ketika anak berada sendirian (2) hubungan dimensi scaffolding dengan kemampuan delay of gratification (3) kesesuaian antara model dinamika hubungan antar variabel scaffolding dalam interaksi ibu-anak, kemampuan bahasa reseptif, atensi, working memory dan kemampuan delay of gratification dengan data (model fit). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan waiting time secara signifikan antara saat bersama ibu, bersama ibu dan orang asing, bersama orang asing dan saat anak berada sendirian. Dimensi scaffolding yang berkorelasi dengan kemampuan delay of gratification adalah direction maintenance, reduction in degrees of freedom, demonstration. Tipe scaffolding speech disertai gesture berkorelasi positif dengan kemampuan delay of gratification. Model teoritis yang diusulkan fit dengan data. Penelitian kualitatif tahap kedua menggambarkan bahwa ibu dengan skor scaffolding tinggi saat menjalankan tugas delay memiliki anak dengan waiting time yang lebih lama dibandingkan anak dari ibu dengan skor scaffolding rendah. Implikasinya adalah ibu disarankan memberikan scaffolding berupa direction maintenance, reduction in degrees of freedom, demonstration dan frustration control, yang diberikan melalui speech disertai gesture. ......Children with Down Syndrome (DS) have a low delay of gratification ability. They have difficulty waiting and delaying gratification. Meanwhile, the delay of gratification capability is needed in order to adapt to environment demands. This study aims to examine the role of scaffolding in mother-child interactions, receptive language skills, attention, working memory and the delay of gratification ability of children with DS. This study consisted of two stages of research where each stage used an explanatory sequential mixed methods research design. The first stage of quantitative research aims to prove (1) the correlation of waiting time when children perform delay tasks and the ability of delay gratification in the food, social interaction, and physical pleasure domain according to mother's perception (2) the relationnship between dimensions and types of scaffolding in mother-child interactions and the delay of gratification ability. The qualitative research aims to get a description of the delay of gratification ability of children from mothers with high and low scaffolding scores when playing lego. Quantitative data analysis used the Spearman Rho correlation test. The results showed that there was no significant correlation between waiting time when the child performed a delay task with the delay of gratification ability in the food, social interactions and physical pleasure domain perceived by mothers. The scaffolding dimensions which correlate with children's waiting time are direction maintenance and frustration control. The type of scaffolding that correlates with waiting time is speech accompanied by gesture. The results of a qualitative study of three mothers with high scaffolding scores and four mothers with low scaffolding scores while playing lego illustrate that mothers with high scaffolding scores have children with a longer waiting time while carrying out delay tasks than mothers with low scaffolding scores. The second stage of research aims to prove (1) the difference in waiting time when with mother, with mother and strangers, with strangers and when the child is alone (2) the relationship between the scaffolding dimension and the delay of gratification ability (3) the suitability dynamic models of the relationship between scaffolding in mother-child interactions, receptive language skills, attention, working memory and delay of gratification ability with data (model fit). The results showed that there was a significant difference in waiting time between with the mother, with the mother and strangers, with strangers and when the child was alone. The dimensions of scaffolding that correlate with the delay of gratification ability are direction maintenance, reduction in degrees of freedom, demonstration. The type of scaffolding speech accompanied by gesture has a positive correlation with the ability to delay gratification. The proposed theoretical model is fit with the data. The second stage of qualitative research illustrates that mothers with high scaffolding scores while carrying out delay tasks have children with a longer waiting time than mothers with low scaffolding scores. The implication is that mothers are suggested to provide scaffolding in the form of direction maintenance, reduction in degrees of freedom, demonstration and frustration control, which is given through speech accompanied by gestures.

Abstrak :
Berkembangnya penggunaan media elektronik sebagai alat bermain mengakibatkan munculnya pergeseran dalam aktivitas dan preferensi bermain anak. Pergeseran tersebut kemudian berimplikasi pada kemungkinan terjadinya perubahan dalam interaksi ibu dengan anak ketika bermain bersama. Salah satu domain dari interaksi ibu-anak yang juga terpengaruh oleh pergeseran aktivitas bermain anak adalah perilaku maternal teaching behavior. Maternal teaching behavior terjadi ketika ibu memiliki intensi dan secara aktif memodifikasi lingkungan atau perilakunya sendiri untuk memastikan bahwa anak menerima dan mempelajari arti dari sebuah pengalaman serta menghubungkannya dengan pengalaman lainnya (Klein, Adi-Japha, dan Rosenthal, 2010). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat apakah terdapat perbedaan antara maternal teaching behavior dalam interaksi ibu dan anak usia prasekolah ketika bermain dengan media elektronik dan non-elektronik. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 61 pasang ibu dan anaknya yang berada pada kategori usia prasekolah. Terdapat dua alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu PICCOLO (Parent Interactions with Children Checklist of Observation Linked to Outcomes) yang digunakan dalam observasi dan kuesioner untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai pola dan pandangan subjek mengenai bermain. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah bahwa terdapat perbedaan maternal teaching behavior yang signifikan ketika pasangan ibu-anak bermain dengan media elektronik dan non-elektronik, dengan rata-rata skor maternal teaching behavior lebih tinggi ketika bermain dengan media nonelektronik. ......The developing use of electronic media as toys resulted in the alteration of children’s preference in play activity. The alteration of children’s play activity then increase the possibility that there is a changing pattern of mother-child interaction when they were playing together. One of the domains of mother-child interaction that is most likely to be influenced by the changing nature of children’s play activity is maternal teaching behavior. Maternal teaching behavior occurs when mother has the intention and actively modifying her own behavior or the environment around to ensure that children receive and learn the meaning of an experience and relating it to other experiences (Klein, Adi-Japha, and Rosenthal, 2010). The purpose of this study is to find out whether there is a difference in the maternal teaching behavior of the interaction between mother and her pre-school aged children when playing with electronic and non-electronic media. The subject of this study consisted of 61 pairs of mother and their preschool-aged children. There are two measurement tools used in this study, which are PICCOLO (Parent Interactions with Children Checklist of Observation Linked to Outcomes) that used in the observation and questionnaires to obtain information about the the subject’s play pattern. The result obtained from this study is that there is a significant difference between maternal teaching behavior when the mother-child pair playing with electronic and non-electronic media, with the average score of maternal teaching behavior when playing with non-electronic media is higher than when the mother-child pair playing with electronic media

Abstrak :
Parental Autonomy support merupakan tingkat penghargaan dan penggunaan teknik parenting orang tua yang mendorong kemandirian anak dalam mengambil keputusan, memilih, dan berpartisipasi aktif dalam menjalankan keputusan tersebut tanpa menekan, mengkontrol, atau memaksakan kehendak anak. Parental autonomy support meliputi empat elemen dari parent behavior (Deci, Eghrari, Patrick, & Leone; Grolnick, Gurland, DeCourcey, & Jacobs; Joussemet, Koestner, Lekes, & Houlfort, dalam Wooldridge & Shapka, 2012), yaitu penghargaan terhadap pikiran dan perasaan anak, penjelasan dasar rasionil, penawaran pilihan, dan penghindaran bahasa dan perilaku yang bersifat mengkontrol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan parental autonomy support dalam interaksi ibu-anak usia prasekolah ketika aktivitas bermain dengan media elektronik dan non-elektronik. Data diperoleh dengan melakukan observasi terhadap rekaman aktivitas bermain 61 pasang ibu-anak usia prasekolah di daerah Jakarta dan Depok. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). Skor rata-rata dari aktivitas bermain dibandingkan dan hasilnya menunjukkan skor parental autonomy support yang lebih rendah secara signifikan ketika bermain dengan elektronik dibandingkan ketika bermain dengan non-elektronik. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari data tersebut adalah parental autonomy support dalam interaksi ibu anak memiliki kualitas yang lebih rendah dalam aktivitas bermain dengan elektronik dibanding bermain dengan nonelektronik. ......Parental Autonomy support refers to level of recognition and parenting technique that parents used to encourage child’s independence in making decisions, choosing alternative, and to participate actively in implementing the decision without pressing, control, or impose the will of the child. Parental autonomy support includes four elements of parents behavior (Deci, Eghrari, Patrick, & Leone; Grolnick, Gurland, DeCourcey, & Jacobs; Joussemet, Koestner, Lekes, & Houlfort, dalam Wooldridge & Shapka, 2012): recognition of child thoughts and feelings, rationale explanations, offering choices, and avoidance of language and behavior that is controlling child. This study aimed to see the differences of parental autonomy support in mother and preschool-aged children’s interaction when playing with electronic and non-electronic media. Data obtained by observing recorded play activities of 61 mother and preschool aged children in Jakarta and Depok. Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO) is an instrument used in this study. The mean score of each play activity compared and the results showed scores of parental autonomy support was significantly lower when playing with electronics than when playing with a non-electronic media. Conclusions derived from the data is that parental autonomy support in the mother child interactions have a lower quality in play activities with electronics than playing with non-electronics.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini melihat hubungan interaksi ibu-anak dan perilaku patuh/tidak patuh toddler dari keluarga miskin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi untuk mengukur interaksi ibu-anak dan perilaku patuh/tidak patuh toddler. Alat ukur penelitian ini yaitu Parents Interacting with Children: Checklist of Observation Linked Outcomes (PICCOLO) untuk mengukur interaksi ibu-anak dan Clean Up Task untuk mengukur perilaku patuh/tidak patuh toddler. Penelitian ini melibatkan 62 pasangan ibu dan anak usia 12-36 bulan yang berasal dari keluarga miskin. Teknik statistik yang digunakan untuk mengukur hubungan di antara kedua variabel ini adalah teknik Korelasi Pearson. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa interaksi ibu-anak tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan perilaku patuh/tidak patuh yang ditampilkan toddler dari keluarga miskin (p>0,05, tidak signifikan pada L.o.S 0,05). ABSTRACT
This study looked at the relationship of mother-child interaction and compliance/noncompliance toddler from poverty families. This study used observational methods to measure the mother-child interaction and compliance/noncompliance in toddler. The measuring instrument in this research is Parents Interacting with Children: Observation Checklist of Linked Outcomes (PICCOLO) to measure the mother-child interaction and Clean Up Task to measure compliance/noncompliance in toddler. The study involved 62 pairs of mothers and children aged 12-36 months who come from poverty families. Statistical techniques used to measure the relationship between these two variables is the Pearson Correlation Technique. Results from this study indicate that the mother-child interaction have no significant relationship with compliance/noncompliance toddler from poverty families (p> 0.05, not significant at LoS 0,05). ;This study looked at the relationship of mother-child interaction and compliance/noncompliance toddler from poverty families. This study used observational methods to measure the mother-child interaction and compliance/noncompliance in toddler. The measuring instrument in this research is Parents Interacting with Children: Observation Checklist of Linked Outcomes (PICCOLO) to measure the mother-child interaction and Clean Up Task to measure compliance/noncompliance in toddler. The study involved 62 pairs of mothers and children aged 12-36 months who come from poverty families. Statistical techniques used to measure the relationship between these two variables is the Pearson Correlation Technique. Results from this study indicate that the mother-child interaction have no significant relationship with compliance/noncompliance toddler from poverty families (p> 0.05, not significant at LoS 0,05). , This study looked at the relationship of mother-child interaction and compliance/noncompliance toddler from poverty families. This study used observational methods to measure the mother-child interaction and compliance/noncompliance in toddler. The measuring instrument in this research is Parents Interacting with Children: Observation Checklist of Linked Outcomes (PICCOLO) to measure the mother-child interaction and Clean Up Task to measure compliance/noncompliance in toddler. The study involved 62 pairs of mothers and children aged 12-36 months who come from poverty families. Statistical techniques used to measure the relationship between these two variables is the Pearson Correlation Technique. Results from this study indicate that the mother-child interaction have no significant relationship with compliance/noncompliance toddler from poverty families (p> 0.05, not significant at LoS 0,05). ]