Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Hipoglikemia adalah komplikasi akut diabetes melitus yang seringkali terjadi secara berulang yang ditandai dengan gula darah kurang dari 70 mg/dl. Kondisi tersebut akan berdampak secara psikologis yaitu ketakutan akan serangan ulang yang menciptakan perasaan traumatis pada penyandang diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang mendalam tentang pengalaman penyandang diabetes melitus yang pernah mengalami episode hipoglikemi di Persadia Kota Depok. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi terhadap enam partisipan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan enam tema utama yaitu penurunan fungsi fisik sementara sebagai respon hipoglikemia, perasaan traumatis ketika mengalami hipoglikemia, pemahaman partisipan terhadap penyebab hipoglikemia, kesadaran untuk pencegahan hipoglikemia, keyakinan internal menjadi sumber koping utama dalam menghadapi hipoglikemia, kebutuhan pelayanan keperawatan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan dalam meningkatkan edukasi pada pasien yang mengalami hipoglikemia.

---

Hypoglycemia is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus which frequently occur repeatedly marked by blood glucose less than 70 mg/dl. The condition will affect the psychological fear of repeated attacks that create a traumatic feelings in people with diabetes mellitus. This study aims is to gain an in depth understanding of experiences of persons with diabetes mellitus who had experienced of hypoglycemia episodes in Persadia Depok. Qualitative descriptive phenomenology approach was applied to 6 participants. The findings revealed 6 themes: decline in physical function while in response to hypoglycemia, traumatic feelings when experiencing hypoglycemia, participants understanding that caused of hypoglycemia, awareness of hypoglycemia prevention, internal beliefs became the main source of coping to faced of hypoglycemia and nursing care needs. The results of this study suggest a need of improvement in nursing education for patients with hypoglycemia."

"Hemodialisis (HD) dapat memicu terjadinya hipoglikemia intradialisis. Insidensi terjadinya hipoglikemia intradialisis cukup sering ditemui pada pasien rawat inap. Hipoglikemia intradialisis dapat mengakibatkan komplikasi lebih lanjut, memperpanjang lama rawat bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian intradialisis. Hipoglikemia intradialisis dapat disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kejadian hipoglikemia intradialisis dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya hipoglikemia intradialisis pada pasien gagal ginjal rawat inap yang menjalani HD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian obervasional (non eksperimental) dengan rancangan kuantitatif deskriptif-analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang, melibatkan 266 pasien HD yang dirawat inap. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi Square dan Regersi Logistik Ganda. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan sebanyak 54,1% subjek penelitian mengalami hipoglikemia intradialisis, dengan 39,6% diantaranya tanpa disertai tanda dan gejala hipoglikemia serta 38,2% mengalami hipoglikemia berulang. Waktu kejadian hipoglikemia intradialisis paling tinggi terjadi pada jam ke-2 intradialisis dengan rerata penurunan kadar gula darah pada jam pertama intradialisis sebesar 37,9 mg/dl ± 53,7 standar deviasi. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara ultrafiltration goal, sakit DM, hipertensi, asupan nutrisi, terapi obat anti diabetik, dan terapi β Bloker dengan kejadian hipoglikemia intradialisis (p < 0,05; α 0,05). Faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian hipoglikemia intradialisis adalah asupan nutrisi dengan nilai OR 6,113. Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar pemeriksaan gula darah intradialisis dilakukan secara rutin dan upayakan asupan nutrisi adekuat pada pasien HD, terutama pada pasien yang memiliki risiko tinggi.

---

Hemodialysis (HD) induces intradialytic hypoglycemia. The incidence of intradialytic hypoglycemia commonly occurred in hospitalized patients. Inpatient intradialytic hypoglycemia leads to further complications, prolongs the length of stay, and even causes intradialytic death. Intradialytic hypoglycemia is caused by many factors. This study aims to identify the incidence of intradialytic hypoglycemia and analyze the influencing factors of the occurrence of intradialytic hypoglycemia in inpatients with renal failure undergoing HD. This study used a descriptive-analytical quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach and recruited 266 inpatients who undergoing HD. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test and Multiple Logistic regression. This study’s result found that 54.1% of the subjects experienced intradialytic hypoglycemia, where 39.6% of subjects had no signs and symptoms, and 38.2% of subjects experienced recurrent hypoglycemia. The highest incidence of intradialytic hypoglycemia occurred in the 2nd hour of intradialytic, with an average decrease in blood glucose levels in the first hour of intradialytic of 37.9 mg/dl (SD± 53.7). There were significant effects between the ultrafiltration goal, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, nutritional intake, anti-diabetic, and beta-blocker therapy with intradialytic hypoglycemia (p < 0.05; α 0.05). The most influencing factor of intradialytic hypoglycemia incidence was nutritional intake, with OR value of 6.113. Based on this study’s result, it is recommended to conduct continuous blood glucose monitoring during hemodialysis, and also monitor nutritional intake among those patients, especially in high-risk patients."

"ABSTRAKBackground: hypoglycemia is a major adverse event of insulin therapy for diabetes mellitus patients. The study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of hypoglycemia among insulin treated patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Indonesian cohort. Methods: this Indonesian cohort study consisted of retrospective and prospective evaluation of hypoglycemic episodes, using International Operations Hypoglycemia Assessment Tool (IO HAT) in 374 patients with diabetes (T1DM; n=17 or T2DM; n=357). The patients of ≥18 years of age and treated with insulin for >12 months were selected for this study (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02306681). Results: a total of 374 patients were enrolled in this study and completed SAQ1. All patients with T1DM (17 [100%]), and 347 (97.2%) patients with T2DM completed SAQ2. Almost all the patients in the 4-week prospective period reported at least one hypoglycemic event (T1DM 100%, T2DM 99.4%) and the incidence rate of any hypoglycemia was 67.5 events per patient-year (PPY) and 25.7 events PPY for T1DM and T2DM patients, respectively. Among patients with T1DM and T2DM, 5.9% and 36.4%, respectively, did not know what hypoglycemia was at baseline, also high proportion of patients had impaired hypoglycemic awareness in the study (82.4% and 62.7%, respectively). Conclusion: overall, high proportion of patients reported hypoglycemic events in the prospective period indicating under reporting during the retrospective period due to recall bias. Therefore, there is a need for patient education program to improve the awareness of hypoglycemia in diabetes patient in Indonesia."

"Fotometer Sederhana sebagai Alat Bantu Pengukuran Glukosa Darah. Pengukuran glukosa darah secara non- invasif merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan frekuensi pemantauan glukosa darah mandiri (PGDM). Untuk yang berbasis spektoskopi reflektansi NIR, penerapannya secara non-invasif terkendala nilai standar error of prediction yang tinggi. Namun demikian metode ini secara teori masih dapat dipakai untuk memprediksi kadar glukosa darah pada kondisi tertentu seperti keadaan hipoglikemia (<55 mg/dL), gula darah puasa (GDP) terkendali (70-115 mg/dL), dan hiperglikemia (>225 mg/dL). membantu pemantauan glukosa darah (PGDM pada kondisi GDP terkendali dan hiperglikemia). Hal ini dapat dilihat dari rata-rata persentase jumlah hari dengan kondisi GDP harian terkendali yang lebih besar pada PGDM yang dibantu dengan fotometer dibandingkan PDGM yang dilakukan hanya satu kali sehari (28% berbanding 18%, p = 0,344).

---

Measurement of non-invasive blood glucose is one way to increase the frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). For NIR reflectance spectroscopy, its application in non-invasive constrained by high value of standard error of prediction. The mean standard error of prediction was 25 mg/dL. Theoretically, NIR reflectance spectroscopy still can be used to predict blood glucose levels in certain conditions such as hypoglycemia (<55 mg/dL), controlled fasting blood glucose (FBG) (70-115 mg/dL), and hyperglycemia (>225 mg/dL), which the difference between the three conditions is more than 25 mg/dL. The results showed that there were significant differences in standards values of photometer measurement between controlled FBG and hyperglycemic conditions (p = 0.002). The results also showed that the photometer can be used to assist the monitoring of blood glucose in FBG under control and hyperglycemic conditions. It can be seen from the average percentage of the daily controlled FBG conditionsin patients conducting SMBG in photometer-assisted compared to in patientsonly use SMBG once a day (28% versus 18%, p = 0.344)."

"Measurement of non-invasive blood glucose is one way to increase the frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG). For NIR reflectance spectroscopy, its application in non-invasive constrained by high value of standard errorof prediction. The mean standard error of prediction was 25 mg/dL. Theoretically, NIR reflectance spectroscopy stillcan be used to predict blood glucose levels in certain conditions such as hypoglycemia (<55 mg/dL), controlled fastingblood glucose (FBG) (70-115 mg/dL), and hyperglycemia (>225 mg/dL), which the difference between the threeconditions is more than 25 mg/dL. The results showed that there were significant differences in standards values ofphotometer measurement between controlled FBG and hyperglycemic conditions (p = 0.002). The results also showedthat the photometer can be used to assist the monitoring of blood glucose in FBG under control and hyperglycemicconditions. It can be seen from the average percentage of the daily controlled FBG conditionsin patients conductingSMBG in photometer-assisted compared to in patientsonly use SMBG once a day (28% versus 18%, p = 0.344).Fotometer Sederhana sebagai Alat Bantu Pengukuran Glukosa Darah. Pengukuran glukosa darah secara noninvasifmerupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan frekuensi pemantauan glukosa darah mandiri (PGDM). Untukyang berbasis spektoskopi reflektansi NIR, penerapannya secara non-invasif terkendala nilai standar error of predictionyang tinggi. Namun demikian metode ini secara teori masih dapat dipakai untuk memprediksi kadar glukosa darah padakondisi tertentu seperti keadaan hipoglikemia (<55 mg/dL), gula darah puasa (GDP) terkendali (70-115 mg/dL), danhiperglikemia (>225 mg/dL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna standar nilaipengukuran fotometer antara kondisi GDP terkendali dan hiperglikemia (p = 0,002). Fotometer yang digunakan dapatmembantu pemantauan glukosa darah (PGDM pada kondisi GDP terkendali dan hiperglikemia). Hal ini dapat dilihatdari rata-rata persentase jumlah hari dengan kondisi GDP harian terkendali yang lebih besar pada PGDM yang dibantudengan fotometer dibandingkan PDGM yang dilakukan hanya satu kali sehari (28% berbanding 18%, p = 0,344)."

"Hipoglikemia merupakan salah satu komplikasi diabetes melitus tipe 2. Anggota keluarga biasanya menjadi orang pertama yang mengetahui kejadian hipoglikemia pada klien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengalaman keluarga klien diabetes melitus tipe 2 menghadapi hipoglikemia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi deskriptif. Wawancara mendalam terhadap 11 partisipan mengidentifikasi empat tema yaitu: keluarga mempersepsikan hipoglikemia adalah sesuatu yang biasa, keluarga mampu mengenali gejala awal hipoglikemia, keluarga memberikan dukungan positif bagi klien dalam menghadapi hipoglikemia, dan hipoglikemia memiliki dampak negatif bagi keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peran penting perawat untuk memberikan edukasi yang komprehensif mengenai hipoglikemia terhadap keluarga klien diabetes melitus tipe 2.

---

Hypoglycemia is one of diabetes complications. Hypoglycemia can increase risk of cardiovascular diseases or even lead to death. Family members are usually the first people to recognize hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is an unpredictable condition which make they should aware with it. A qualitative study using a phenomenological description design was utilized. In depth interviews were conducted with 11 family members of the person with type 2 diabetes. Family rsquo s experiences dealing with hypoglycemia were described into four main themes family perceive hypoglycemia is a common thing, family is capable in recognizing early symptoms of hypoglycemia, family provide positive support to person dealing with hypoglycemia, and hypoglycemia affects the family negatively. This study denotes a major role of nurse to provide a comprehensive education about hypoglycemia to the family of the person type 2 diabetes."

"Hipoglikemia merupakan kondisi saat kadar glukosa darah di bawah batas normal. Salah satu penyebab umum hipoglikemia adalah penggunaan obat-obat tertentu. Hipoglikemia akibat dari konsumsi obat dalam dosis lazim disebut sebagai Reaksi Obat yang Tidak Dikehendaki (ROTD). Studi cross-sectional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan menganalisis obat-obat yang berpotensi menyebabkan ROTD berupa hipoglikemia di RSUD Pasar Minggu periode Agustus 2019 hingga April 2020. ROTD hipoglikemia dideteksi dengan metode trigger tools yakni penggunaan dekstrosa 40%. Analisis kausalitas ROTD dan obat terkait dilakukan menggunakan algoritma Naranjo. Penelitian ini menemukan 180 (0,06%) dari 291.584 pasien mengalami hipoglikemia. Namun, hanya 102 pasien yang memiliki riwayat pengobatan diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Total kasus hipoglikemia berjumlah 113 dengan prevalensi hipoglikemia akibat dari ROTD mencapai 78,8% (89 kasus). Kejadian ini umum dialami pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 (97,8%) dan pasien yang mengalami kekurangan asupan makan (89,7%). Sebanyak 57 (50,4%) kasus hipoglikemia termasuk kejadian mungkin ROTD (probable) dan 32 (28,3%) kasus merupakan kejadian cukup mungkin ROTD (possible). Obat yang berpotensi menyebabkan ROTD hipoglikemia adalah glimepirid (34,8%), glikuidon (23,9%), insulin (15,2%), glibenklamid (9,8%), metformin (9,8%), gliklazid (1,1%), gabapentin (1,1%), siprofloksasin (1,1%), propranolol (1,1%), klopidogrel (1,1%), dan nifedipin (1,1%). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ROTD merupakan penyebab utama dari kasus hipoglikemia di RSUD Pasar Minggu dengan faktor risiko utama yaitu riwayat penyakit diabetes dan asupan makan yang kurang.

---

Hypoglycemia is a condition when blood glucose levels are below normal. One of the common causes of hypoglycemia is the use of certain drugs. Hypoglycemia that results from drug consumption in normal doses is known as Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR). The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and analyze potential drugs that might cause hypoglycemia due to ADR at Pasar Minggu District Hospital from August 2019 until April 2020. Hypoglycemia was detected using a trigger tools method that is dextrose 40% prescription. The causality assessment was carried out using Naranjo algorithm. Based on this research, hypoglycemia was found in 180 (0.06%) out of 291,584 patients. However, there were only 102 patients eligible for this study with 113 total cases of hypoglycemia. The prevalence of hypoglycemia due to ADR was found to be 78.8% (89 cases). These events mostly happened in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (97.8%) and low food intake (89.7%). The Naranjo algorithm showed 57 (50.4%) cases are probable and 32 (28.3%) cases are possible. The potential drugs cause hypoglycemia due to ADR were glimepiride (34.8%), gliquidone (23.9%), insulin (15.2%), glibenclamide (9.8%), metformin (9.8%), gliclazide (1.1%), gabapentin (1.1%), ciprofloxacin (1.1%), propranolol (1.1%), clopidogrel (1.1%), and nifedipine (1.1%). Based on this study, it can be concluded that ADR is the main cause of hypoglycemia cases in Pasar Minggu District Hospital and the main risk factors are history of diabetes and low food intake."