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"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) resmi ditetapkan menjadi pandemi oleh WHO pada 11 Maret 2020 telah menyebabkan beban kesehatan yang besar secara global. Banyak negara yang sudah menerapkan protokol pencegahan, dan langkah-langkah untuk mengendalikan penyebaran virus corona ini, termasuk isolasi, memakai masker, menjaga jarak, dan mencuci tangan. Perubahan lingkungan yang diciptakan akibat pandemi COVID-19 dapat menimbulkan gangguan mental seperti kecemasan, depresi, insomnia, dan PTSD bagi tenaga kesehatan. Satu dari lima tenaga kesehatan mengalami depresi, kecemasan atau gangguan stres pasca trauma (PTSD) selama pandemi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran serta faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi gangguan kesehatan mental tenaga kesehatan selama pandemi COVID-19 di Asia menggunakan metode literature review melalui database online ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar. Hasil pencarian didapatkan sebanyak 9 artikel, yang berasal dari Indonesia, Vietnam, China, dan Yordania. Hasil dari telaah Pustaka menunjukan faktor yang mempengaruhi gangguan kesehatan mental tenaga kesehatan selama pandemi COVID-19 adalah Faktor biologis antara lain memiliki penyakit organik, jenis kelamin, dan usia. Faktor psikologis, antara lain merasa cemas dan sedih terhadap pekerjaan saat ini, berulang kali melihat berita terkait COVID-19, dan memiliki ketakutan akan terinfeksi atau menulari orang lain. Faktor sosial-budaya, antara lain adanya penolakan sosial, banyak dipengaruhi oleh masyarakat, dicurigai positif COVID-19, mengalami kesulitan keuangan, pekerjaan, dan pendidikan. Faktor lingkungan, antara lain bekerja di bangsal COVID-19, berisiko tinggi untuk terpapar, memiliki riwayat kontak dengan pasien COVID-19, lingkungan tempat tinggal, serta adanya hubungan yang buruk dengan pasangan maupun keluarga. 

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) officially declared a pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020 has caused a huge health burden globally. Many countries have implemented prevention protocols, and measures to control the spread of the coronavirus, including isolation, wearing masks, social distancing, and washing hands. Environmental changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic can cause mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, insomnia, and PTSD for health workers. One in five health care workers experience depression, anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during this pandemic. This study aims to determine the description and factors that influence mental health disorders of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia using the literature review method through the online databases ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The search results obtained as many as 9 literatures from Indonesia, Vietnam, China, and Jordan. The results of the literature show that the factors that influence mental health disorders of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic are biological factors, including having organic diseases, gender, and age. Psychological factors, including feeling anxious and sad about current job, repeatedly seeing news related to COVID-19, and having a fear of being infected or infecting others. Sociocultural factors, including social rejection, heavily influenced by the community, suspected of being positive for COVID-19, experiencing financial difficulties, profession, and education. Environmental factors, including working in the COVID-19 ward, being at high risk for exposure, having a history of contact with COVID-19 patients, living environment, and having bad relationships with partners and family."

"Kebisingan lalulintas jalan merupakan masalah utama masyarakat di daerah perkotaan yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan, diantaranya gangguan kesehatan psikologis. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebisingan lalulintas jalan terhadap gangguan kesehatan psikologis anak SDN Cipinang Muara Kecatamatan Jatinegara dan pengaruh faktor risiko lainnya seperti jarak, lama pajanan, lama sekolah dan umur. Disain penelitian adalah Kasus-kontrol, dengan populasi adalah anak sekolah dasar kelas IV, V dan VI. Jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 240 anak yang terdiri dari 80 kasus dan 160 kontrol. Cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan rancangan sampling bertingkat. Data Kebisingan diukur di dalam kelas, menggunakan Noise Logging Dosimeter Q-400/500. Analisis bivariabel dengan uji beda proporsi dengan kai kuadrat dan analisis multivariabel dengan uji regresi logistik ganda.Analisis bivariabel diperoleh ada pengaruh kebisingan, jarak dan lama pajanan dengan gangguan kesehatan psikologis, sedangkan lama sekolah dan umur tidak berpengaruh. Hasil analisis multivariabel mengindikasikan, bahwa anak sekolah dasar yang menerima kebisingan lalulintas jalan > 61,8 dBALeq dalam lingkungan sekolah berisiko 10,9 kali mengalami gangguan kesehatan psikologis dibanding dengan anak sekolah dasar yang menerima kebisingan lalulintas jalan ≤ 61,8 dBALeq secara bersama-sama dengan variabel jarak dan variabel lama pajanan. Perlu dilakukan sosialisasi dan penerapan peraturan perundangan tentang kebisingan dan dampaknya secara tegas dan konsisten. Pembinaan dan pengawasan dengan melakukan penyuluhan dan pemantauan kebisingan dan dampaknya secara berkala yang melibatkan lintas program dan sektor terkait. Untuk memastikan adanya inferensi kausal temporality, perlu dilakukan penelitian sejenis dengan disain studi kohort atau eksperimental, meningkatkan jumlah variabel yang secara substansi berpengaruh serta lokasi penelitian yang lebih tepat agar dapat menggambarkan kondisi lapangan yang lebih mantap.

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The Effect of Road Traffic Noise on Psychological Health Disorders of School Children at Cipinang Muara Elementary School, Jatinegara Sub District, East Jakarta City, DKI Jakarta Province, 2005. The traffic noise is the main issue of the community who live in urban area because it may cause an adverse human health and psychological effects. The purpose of this study is to describe the effect of road traffic noise to psychological health disorders on school children of Cipinang Muara elementary school at Jatinegara Sub District, and other risk factors such as distance, length of exposure, learning periode in school, and age. This research applied a case-control study with sample population of elementary school students from grade 4 to 6. Total samples were 240 children, including 80 cases and 160 controls. Data were collected through a multistage of random sampling. Data analysis used a computer program of univariate, bivariate and multivariate. Road traffic noise data measure in the classroom using noise logging dosimeter Q-400/500. Bivariate analysis (Chis-Square) and multiple logistic regression analysis are applied in the analysis. Bivariate analysis showed that there were a significantly effect of traffic noise, distance of seat, and length of exposure towards psychological health problems. On the other side, the length of school period and age of respondents did not have any significantly effect to the psychological health problems on the elementary school students. Multivariate analysis indicated that the elementary school students exposed to traffic noise more than 61.8 dBLAeq in the school area having a risk of psychological health problem 10.9 higher than those who were exposed to traffic noise less than 61.8 dBLAeq, a long with the distance variable and the length of noice exposure. It is required to socialize and apply the regulation on noise control and its impact in a consistently manner. Also, it is necessary to conduct health promotion and integrated monitoring both with inter-sector and inter-program. At last, to ensure the presence of inferential causal temporality, it is required to conduct further study with design of cohort or experimental study. This includes the increase of variable number and location of study in order to describe the real condition."

"Data Badan Pusat Statistik (2013) menunjukkan bahwa selama tahun 2010 hingga 2013 laju pertumbuhan angkatan kerja di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan. Hal tersebut mendorong terbukanya keberagaman lapangan pekerjaan, salah satunya industri otomotif. Sektor industi otomotif berperan cukup besar dalam memberikan polusi udara dikarenakan banyaknya exposure yang terdapat di wilayah kerja. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pekerja bengkel memiliki risiko untuk terkena berbagai jenis gangguan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko gangguan kesehatan pada pekerja ditinjau dari kondisi fisik lingkungan kerja dan karakteristik pekerjaan di Pusat Bengkel dan Onderdil Margonda Depok. Disain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Cross sectional dengan metode Sampling Aksidental. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara pengukuran PM10, suhu, dan kelembaban di 7 titik, observasi kondisi kios serta wawancara dengan kuesioner untuk karakteristik pekerjaan dan jenis gangguan kesehatan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 55,0% pekerja di Pusat Bengkel dan Onderdil Margonda Depok berisiko terhadap gangguan kesehatan dengan jenis gangguan kesehatan yang paling banyak dialami oleh pekerja adalah gangguan pernafasan (74,2%). Faktor risiko tertinggi yang berhubungan signifikan dengan gangguan kesehatan pekerja yakni konsentrasi PM10 di wilayah kerja (OR = 4,24) dan kondisi kios (OR = 3,77). Perlunya dibuat kebijakan untuk melindungi kesehatan pekerja di Pusat Bengkel dan Onderdil Margonda Depok.

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Central Bureau of Statistics (2013) show that during the year 2010 to 2013 the rate of growth of the labor force in Indonesia increased. It encourages diversity job opening, one of the automotive industry. Sectors of the automotive industry, a large enough role in providing air pollution exposure due to the amount contained in the working area. Several studies have shown that the workshop workers are at risk for various types of health problems.

This study aimed to determine the risk factors for health problems in workers seen from Physical Work Environment and Characteristics of Work at Central Workshop and Parts Margonda Depok 2014. The design of the study is Cross-sectional with Accidental Sampling method. The data collection was done by measurement of PM10, temperature, and humidity at 7 points, observation and interviews with stall condition questionnaire for job characteristics and types of health problems.

The analysis showed that 55,0% of workers in Central Workshop and Parts Margonda Depok had risk for health problems with most types of health problems experienced by workers are respiratory problems (74,2%). The highest risk factor significantly associated with the health problems of workers in the region of PM10 concentrations (OR = 4,24) and a stall condition (OR = 3,77). It needs to make a policies to protect the health of workers in Central Workshop and Parts Margonda Depok."