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Abstrak :
Prevalensi Anemia ibu bamil di Kabupaten Purwakarta adalah 4143% dikelompokan ke dalam 22 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan prevalensi anemia lbu hamil tinggi ( prevalensi > 40%). Angka Kematian lbu dl Kabupaten Purwakarta pada tahun 2004 masih tinggi yaitu 243,07 per 100.000 kclahirau hidup. Tingginya prevalensi anemia pada ibu hami1 memberi kontribusi yang cukup besar pada jumlah kematian ibu maternal sebanyak 22 orang pada thun 2006 dengan penyebab utama kematian karena perdarahan 12 orang (54,55%). Belum semua puskesmas mampu mencapai target distribusi tablet tam bah darah. Terdapa 8 Puskesmas (42,11%) dengan cakupan distribusi 90 tablet tambah darah (Fe3) masih dibawah target 80%. Randahnya cakupan pembrian tablrt tambah darah merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab kurang berhasilnya program suplementasi zat besi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis pelaksanaan manajemen distribusi tablet tambah darah di 8 Puskesmas.Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan system. Penelitian dilakukan di 8 Puskesmas dengan metode wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Informan pada penelitian ini adalah Tenaga Pelaksana Gizi Puskesmas, Kepada Puskesmas dan Kepala Seksi Gizi Dinas Kesehatan berjumlah 17 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pelaksanaan manajemen distribusi tablet tambah darah di 8 puskesmas belum optimal karena cakupan distribusi masih rendah, adanya ketidak cukupan input (tenaga, dana dan logistik} serta adanya. hambatan dalam penerapan fungsi manajemen. Masalah pada kecukupan input dikarenakan terbatasnya tenaga, dana operasional belum bisa dimanfaatkan secara optimal dan adanya gangguan stok tablet tambah darah. Dari sisi proses berupa belum optimalnya perencanaan puskesmas, pelaksanaan distribusi yang masih terfokus di posyandu dan hari pelayanan posyandu, serta lemahnya pengolahan data dan pembahasan tindak lanjut hasil kegiatan. Hasil penilian terhadap cakupan menunjukan 1 puskesmas dengan nilai tidak baik, 1 puskesmas dengan nilai kurang dan 6 puskesmas dengan nilai cukup. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh pongelola program gizi Dinas Kesehatan untuk meningkatkan eakupan distribusi tablet tambah darab di Kabupaten Purwakarta adalah dengan memprioritaskan pembinan manajemen distribusi tablet tambah darah secara intensif ke Puskesmas Sukasari dan Kiarapedes dan melakukan pembinaan secara berkala ke 6 puskesmas lainnya. Pembinaan diarahkan kepada upaya upaya yang dapat memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap peningatan cakupan distribusi tablet tambah darah 90 tablet (Fe 3) sebesar 80% dan telah dibuktikan melalui uji statistik hasil penelitian di tempat lain yaitu ; pengelolaan dana operasional. penyusunan POA program gizi dan dokumen perencanaan puskesmas, dukungan lintas sector melalui Pokja UPGK, serta penyuluhan kepada ibu hamil. Melalui upaya ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan cakupan distribusi tablet tambah darah sehingga tujuan program tercapai.

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Anemia prevalence of pregnant mother at district of Purwakarta is 4 J ,43%. It is grouped into 22 districts or cities with a high anaemia prevalence of pregnant mother (prevalence> 40%). Mortality rate of mother is still high at district of Purwakarta in 2004. It is 243,07 from 100.000 birth of life. A high anemia prevalence of pregnant mother gave a big contribution for the death 0f maternal mother. There are 22 people in 2006 with main death because of blooding are 12 poople (54,55%). Not all Primary Health Cares can reach distribution target of tablet for blood supplement There are & Primary Health Cares (42,1 I%) with distribution coverage are 90 tablets (Fe 3) it is still under target of 80%. A low giving tablet for blood supplement is one offactors which caused ferrum supplementation program is not success. This study aim to analize the distribution management performance of tablet for blood supplement at 8 Primary Health Cares. This study used a qualitative with system method. This study was conducted to 8 Primary Health Cares by in-depth interview and document study method. The informan of this study are a nutritionist of Primary Healyh Care, head of Primary Health Care head of nutrition section at Health Service, included 17 people. The study indicated that management performance of tablet for blood supplement at 8 Primary Health Cares are not optimally because distribution coverage are still under target, there are not enough on input coverage (walkers, fund and logistic) and there are problems with management performance, The problems on input coverage because ofhmited worker, operational fund can not be used optimally and there are stock troubles of tablet for blood supplement. In another process. Primary Health Care planning is not optimal yet, distribution implementation is still focused at Posyandu and service day of Posyandu, processing data and follow up discussion of activity result are low. Assessment result of coverage indicated I Primary Health Care has not good score, 1 Primary Health Care has less good score, and 6 Primary Health Cares have enough score. The efforts which can be conducted by nutrition program organizer of Health Service to improve distribution coverage of tablet fer blood supplement at district of Purwakarta. are prioritizing a distribution management training of tablet for blood supvlement intensively to Sukasari and Kiarapedes Primary Health Cares and training into another 6 Primary Health Care!. periodically. Training should be directed into efforts which can give a big contribution on distribution coverage warning of tablet for blood supplement that are 90 tablets (Fe 3) or 80% and they have been proven by statistic test of study resuh in another place, such as: operational funds management. arrangement of POA nutrition program and planning document of Primary Health Care, supported from all sectors through Pokja UPGK, and counseling for pregnant mother. These efforts were suggested can improve distribution coverage of tablet for blood supplement so that program aim be reached.

Abstrak :
Menurut WHO 2008, Indonesia termasuk negara dengan prevalensianemia katagori berat ge;40 , Riskesdes 2013 menyebutkan prevalensi anemiamaternal sebesar 37,1 . Perdarahan merupakan penyebab utama kematian ibu 30.3 dan anemia maternal merupakan faktor risiko utama perdarahan. 51,5 kematian maternal disebakan oleh anemia maternal sebagai penyebab kematiantidak langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yangberhubungan dengan anemia maternal dan penyebabnya di RSUD AM ParikesitTenggarong Tahun 2017. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatifdan kualitatif. Rancangan kuantitatif menggunakan metode deskriptif analitikdengan desain studi cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 214 ibu hamil.Sedangkan rancangan kualitatif menggunakan RAP, analisis data menggunakancontent analisis dengan jumlah informan 37 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanada hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi RP=1,7; 95 CI: 1,1-2,6 dengananemia maternal setelah di kontrol kepemilikan rumah, riwayat pertolonganpersalinan, jarak kehamilan dan paritas. Tidak rumah sendiri RP=1,5; CI: 1,0-2,2 berisiko anemia. Riwayat pertolongan persalinan sebelumnnya bidan RP=0,6; 95 CI: 0,4-0,9 berisiko lebih rendah untuk anemia maternal. Hasil penelitian kualitatif menunjukkan konsumsi heme nabati adalah konsumsi proteinterbanyak pada ibu anemia selain rendahnya kepatuhan ibu hamil dalammengkonsumsi tablet Fe dan pemahaman yang salah tentang penyebab anemiamaternal pada kelompok ibu hamil. Hal yang sebaliknya ditemukan padakelompok ibu hamil yang tidak anemia maternal, konsumsi heme hewani adalahkonsumsi harian informan, hampir seluruhnya patuh dalam mengkonsumsi tabletFe dan menyebutkan kurang asupan makanan bergizi sebagai penyebab terbanyakkurang darah pada ibu hamil. Perlu kebijakan skrening anemia pada remaja dantablet Fe prakehamilan pada calon pengantin yang anemia termasuk penanganangizi lintas program dan lintas sektoral.Kata Kunci: Anemia Maternal, Status Gizi, Ibu Hamil.

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According to WHO 2008 , Indonesia is a country with a severe category anemia prevalence ge 40 , Riskesdes data 2013 found 37,1 prevalence of maternal anemia. Bleeding is a major cause of maternal death 30.3 and maternal anemiais a major risk factor for bleeding. 51.5 of maternal deaths are caused bymaternal anemia as the cause of indirect death. This study aims to determine thefactors related to maternal anemia and its causes in RSUD AM ParikesitTenggarong Year 2017. The research used quantitative and qualitative researchmethods. Quantitative design uses descriptive analytic method with crosssectional study design with 214 samples of pregnant women. While the qualitativedesign using RAP, analysis method used content analysis with number ofinforman 37 people. The results showed that there was a significant correlationbetween nutritional status RP 1.7, 95 CI 1,1 2,6 with maternal anemia aftercontrolled home ownership, history of delivery assistance, distance of pregnancyand parity. Not having a home RP 1.5 CI 1.0 2.2 is more at risk of anemia.History of delivery assistance midwives RP 0.6, 95 CI 0.4 0.9 lower riskfor maternal anemia. The result of qualitative research shows that vegetable hemeconsumption is the most protein consumption in the mother of anemia besides thelow compliance of pregnant mother in consuming Fe tablet and the wrongunderstanding about maternal anemia cause in pregnant women group. Theopposite is found in the group of pregnant women who are not maternal anemias,animal heme consumption is the daily consumption of informants, almost entirelyobedient in consuming Fe tablets and mention less intake of nutritious foods asthe most cause of less blood in pregnant women. Anemia screening policy isrequired on adolescents and Fe tablets for fre conception in bridal candidatesincluding cross program and cross sectoral nutritional care.Key words Maternal Anemia, Nutrional Status, Pregnant Women.

Abstrak :
Balita pendek stunting merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat diIndonesia yang berdampak negatif dalam jangka panjang. Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakanprovinsi dengan jumlah balita pendek terbanyak diantara provinsi lainnya. Determinanterdekat yang berhubungan dengan stunting ialah status gizi ibu dan asosiasi ini juga dapatdipengaruhi oleh faktor sosioekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menilai pengaruhstatus gizi ibu dan faktor sosioekonomi terhadap kejadian stunting menurut umur balita.Studi ini menggunakan data hasil Survey Pemantauan Status Gizi tahun 2017 yang terdiridari data balita, ibu hamil atau wanita usia subur, dan rumah tangga berjumlah 7.555.Pengaruh status gizi ibu tinggi badan dan IMT ibu terhadap Height-for-Age Z score HAZ dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier multivariabel. Prevalensi stunting tertinggiada pada balita usia 24 ndash; 59 bulan. Semakin tinggi pendidikan ibu dan ayah balita,prevalensi stunting semakin menurun. Prevalensi stunting lebih tinggi pada balita yangtinggal di perdesaan dan ibu dengan tinggi badan kurang dari 150 cm. Pada analisismultivariabel, nilai HAZ balita 0 ndash; 11 bulan dipengaruhi oleh TB ibu, IMT ibu,pendidikan ibu, dan tempat tinggal. Sedangkan pada balita usia 24 ndash; 59 bulan nilai HAZdipengaruhi oleh TB ibu, IMT ibu, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, dan tempat tinggal.Pengaruh TB ibu terhadap nilai HAZ balita paling besar ialah saat balita berusia 6 ndash; 11bulan dan pengaruh tersebut turun saat balita berusia 12 ndash; 23 bulan. Sedangkan pengaruhIMT ibu terhadap nilai HAZ balita tidak berbeda antar kelompok umur balita. Prevalensistunting di Jawa Barat cukup tinggi, sehingga diperlukan intervensi yang sesuai untukmeningkatkan pertumbuhan linier anak. Hal tersebut bisa dilakukan melalui peningkatanpengetahuan mengenai gizi ibu dan balita bagi remaja putri, wanita, dan ibu hamil sebagaipenghasil generasi baru serta pemberian asupan nutrisi yang baik bagi balita, terutamasaat 1000 hari pertama kehidupan.Kata kunci: Stunting, status gizi ibu, faktor sosioekonomi.

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Stunting is one of the public health problems in Indonesia which results long termnegative impact. West Java is the province with the highest number of stunted children.A proximate determinant associated to stunting is maternal nutrition and this associationmight be influenced by socioeconomic factors. The aim of this study was to assess theeffect of maternal nutrition and socioeconomic factors on child stunting according to thegroup age. This study used data from Survey of Nutrition Status Monitoring PSG 2017which included data of children under five, pregnant women or women of childbearingage, and households. Effect of mother 39 s nutritional status height and BMI on Heightfor Age Z score HAZ was analysed using multivariable linear regression. The highestprevalence of stunting was in children aged 24 59 months. The higher the education ofmother and father, the lower the prevalence of child stunting. The prevalence of stuntingwas higher in rural areas and mothers with height less than 150 cm. In multivariableanalysis, the HAZ of 0 11 months infants was affected by mother rsquo s height, mother rsquo s BMI,mother rsquo s education, and residence classification. Whereas in infants aged 24 59 monthsHAZ was affected by mother rsquo s height, mother rsquo s BMI, mother rsquo s education, mother rsquo s workstatus, and residence classification. The biggest effect of mother rsquo s height on HAZ was inthe infants aged 6 11 months and the effect was decreased when children aged 12 23months. While the effect of mother 39 s BMI on HAZ did not differ between age group ofchildren. The prevalence of stunting in West Java are relatively high, so appropriateinterventions are needed to increase the child 39 s linear growth. This can be tackled throughenhancing the knowledge of mother and child nutrition for young women, women, andpregnant women, also give adequate nutrition for infants, especially during the first 1000days of life.Keywords Stunting, maternal nutrition, socioeconomic factor.

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[ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang penelitian adalah masih tingginya angka kejadian penurunan kadar Hb pada ibu hamil, yang akan berdampak pada ibu dan janin. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku (pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan sikap) dan dukungan keluarga dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi ibu hamil dengan kadar hemoglobin. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan sampel 65. Tehnik pengambilan sample adalah simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian ada hubungan perilaku: pengetahuan (p: 0.001), keterampilan (p: 0.007), sikap (p: 0.010) dan dukungan emosional (p=0.004), intrumental (p= 0.021), informasional (p= 0.036), dan penghargaan (p=0.047) dengan kadar Hb ibu hamil. Kesimpulan penelitan adalah kadar Hb Ibu hamil depengaruhi oleh perilaku dan dukungan keluarga dalam pemenuhan nutrisi. Implikasi hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat mengembangkan program pemberian makanan kaya zat besi dengan melibatkan keluarga. Rekomendasi penelitian adalah melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sikap pemenuhan nutrisi ibu hamil, untuk mempertahankan kadar Hb normal.

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ABSTRACT
Background this study is still high incidence of decreased levels of hemoglobin in pregnant women, which will have an impact on the mother and fetus. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of behavior (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) and support the family in meeting the nutritional needs of pregnant women with hemoglobin (Hb). This study used descriptive correlation with cross sectional approach. The sample of 65 was calculated using simple random sampling. The results of the study no relationship behaviors: knowledge (p: 0.001), skills (p: 0.007), attitude (p: 0.010) and emotional support (p = 0.004), instrumental (p = 0.021), informational (p = 0.036), and awards (p = 0.047) with hemoglobin levels of pregnant women. Conclusion this study Hb influenced by the behavior of pregnant women and family support in nutrition. Implications of the results of the study are expected to develop a program of iron-rich foods with the family involved. Recommendations the study is looking at the factors that influence the attitude of nutrition of pregnant women, to maintain normal hemoglobin levels;Background this study is still high incidence of decreased levels of hemoglobin in pregnant women, which will have an impact on the mother and fetus. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of behavior (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) and support the family in meeting the nutritional needs of pregnant women with hemoglobin (Hb). This study used descriptive correlation with cross sectional approach. The sample of 65 was calculated using simple random sampling. The results of the study no relationship behaviors: knowledge (p: 0.001), skills (p: 0.007), attitude (p: 0.010) and emotional support (p = 0.004), instrumental (p = 0.021), informational (p = 0.036), and awards (p = 0.047) with hemoglobin levels of pregnant women. Conclusion this study Hb influenced by the behavior of pregnant women and family support in nutrition. Implications of the results of the study are expected to develop a program of iron-rich foods with the family involved. Recommendations the study is looking at the factors that influence the attitude of nutrition of pregnant women, to maintain normal hemoglobin levels;Background this study is still high incidence of decreased levels of hemoglobin in pregnant women, which will have an impact on the mother and fetus. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of behavior (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) and support the family in meeting the nutritional needs of pregnant women with hemoglobin (Hb). This study used descriptive correlation with cross sectional approach. The sample of 65 was calculated using simple random sampling. The results of the study no relationship behaviors: knowledge (p: 0.001), skills (p: 0.007), attitude (p: 0.010) and emotional support (p = 0.004), instrumental (p = 0.021), informational (p = 0.036), and awards (p = 0.047) with hemoglobin levels of pregnant women. Conclusion this study Hb influenced by the behavior of pregnant women and family support in nutrition. Implications of the results of the study are expected to develop a program of iron-rich foods with the family involved. Recommendations the study is looking at the factors that influence the attitude of nutrition of pregnant women, to maintain normal hemoglobin levels, Background this study is still high incidence of decreased levels of hemoglobin in pregnant women, which will have an impact on the mother and fetus. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of behavior (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) and support the family in meeting the nutritional needs of pregnant women with hemoglobin (Hb). This study used descriptive correlation with cross sectional approach. The sample of 65 was calculated using simple random sampling. The results of the study no relationship behaviors: knowledge (p: 0.001), skills (p: 0.007), attitude (p: 0.010) and emotional support (p = 0.004), instrumental (p = 0.021), informational (p = 0.036), and awards (p = 0.047) with hemoglobin levels of pregnant women. Conclusion this study Hb influenced by the behavior of pregnant women and family support in nutrition. Implications of the results of the study are expected to develop a program of iron-rich foods with the family involved. Recommendations the study is looking at the factors that influence the attitude of nutrition of pregnant women, to maintain normal hemoglobin levels]

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pola konsumsi vegetarian menunjukkan peningkatan popularitas yang signifikan. Indonesia Vegetarian Society mencatat peningkatan pesat jumlah anggotanya dari 5.000 orang (1998) menjadi 500.000 (2010). Ibu vegetarian dikuatirkan memiliki status gizi prahamil yang lebih rendah dan berisiko memiliki outcome kehamilan yang rendah yaitu status gizi bayi lahir dan cadangan lemak ibu untuk menyusui rendah. Studi ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh vegetarian dan nonvegetarian terhadap status gizi ibu, durasi ASI predominan, dan pertumbuhan bayi selama periode 0-6 bulan. Studi dengan desain kohort longitudinal dilakukan di lima kota di Indonesia (Jakarta, Surabaya, Pontianak, Palembang dan Pekanbaru) dengan populasi vegetarian usia subur terbanyak. Sejumlah 85 ibu-bayi berhasil diikuti selama 6 bulan postpartum.. Berdasarkan data 24 HR food recall, ibu vegetarian secara bermakna mengkonsumsi energi, protein, dan lemak lebih rendah namun karbohidrat lebih tinggi dibandingkan ibu nonvegetarian. Dalam hal zat gizi mikro, ibu vegetarian mengkonsumsi vitamin B12 dan Zn lebih rendah secara signifikan dibandingkan ibu nonvegetarian. Konsumsi saat laktasi pada kedua kelompok signifikan lebih rendah daripada konsumsinya saat hamil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vegetarian tidak mempengaruhi durasi ASI predominan. Konsumsi energi ibu laktasi mempengaruhi durasi ASI predominan pada kelompok nonvegetarian. Secara keseluruhan tidak ada perbedaan IMT postpartum kedua kelompok selama 6 bulan (p value=0,306), tetapi setelah dikontrol durasi ASI predominan (24 minggu) ada perbedaan bermakna (p value=0,047) pada penurunan BB ibu postpartum. Pada kelompok vegetarian faktor yang paling mempengaruhi IMT ibu postpartum adalah IMT postpartum 0 bulan (bulan ke-1 dan ke-2) dan IMT prahamil (bulan ke-3 hingga ke-6), sedangkan pada kelompok nonvegetarian adalah IMT postpartum 0 bulan (bulan ke-1 hingga ke-5) dan durasi ASI predominan (bulan ke-6). Pertumbuhan BB bayi ibu vegetarian lebih tinggi dari nonvegetarian secara bermakna (p value=0,009), tetapi kedua kelompok memiliki PB yang tidak berbeda (p value=0,235). Setelah dikontrol durasi ASI predominan (24 minggu) tidak ada perbedaan pertumbuhan BB dan PB bayi pada kedua kelompok, namun weight loss ibu vegetarian lebih besar (p value=0,047). Faktor yang paling mempengaruhi BB bayi kelompok vegetarian adalah jenis kelamin bayi (bulan ke-1 sampai ke-6), dan pada kelompok nonvegetarian adalah BBL bayi (bulan ke-1 dan ke-2), jenis kelamin (bulan ke-3), dan IMT ibu postpartum 0 bulan (bulan ke-4 hingga ke-6). Faktor yang paling mempengaruhi pertumbuhan PB bayi kelompok vegetarian adalah jenis kelamin bayi (bulan ke-1 hingga bulan ke-5) dan PBL (bulan ke-6), pada kelompok nonvegetarian adalah PBL (bulan ke-1 hingga ke-4) dan jenis kelamin bayi (bulan ke-5 dan ke-6). Hasil penelitian ini mendukung kebijakan pemberian ASI eksklusif 6 bulan, baik pada vegetarian dan nonvegetarian, dengan didukung program gizi dan konsumsi yang cukup pada periode laktasi. Penting menyebarluaskan informasi konsumsi energi dan zat gizi yang cukup pada masa laktasi serta peran aktif pemerintah untuk melakukan suplementasi energi dan zat gizi bagi ibu laktasi. Ibu vegetarian juga perlu mengkonsumsi suplemen zat gizi mikro seperti vitamin B12 dan Zn pada saat laktasi.

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ABSTRACT
Numbers of vegetarian has increased significantly in recent years. Indonesia Vegetarian Society recorded an increase of its member from 5000 in 1998 to 500000 in 2010. Vegetarian mothers were known to have lower pre-pregnancy nutritional status and posing a greater risk to have lower pregnancy outcomes including lower nutrional status of infant at birth and lower maternal fat stores for lactation. This study aimed at analyzing the effect of vegetarian diet on maternal nutritional status, duration of predominant breastfeeding, and infant growth in the period of 0-6 months postpartum. This study is a longitudinal cohort design and conducted in five cities in Indonesia (Jakarta, Surabaya, Pontianak, Palembang and Pekanbaru) with high population of vegetarian childbearing age women. A number of 85 mother-infant pairs consisted of 42 vegetarian and 43 non-vegetarian were followed until 6 month postpartum period. Based on 24 HR food recall, vegetarian mothers consumed lower intakes of energy, protein, and fat but higher intake of carbohydrate. Vegetarian mothers had significant lower intakes of vitamin B12 and zinc. In both groups, nutrient intakes during lactation were significantly lower than intakes during pregnancy. This study shows that vegetarian diet had no influence on predominant breastfeeding duration, but among non-vegetarian mothers, energy intakes during lactation did affect duration of pre-dominant breastfeeding. Overall, no difference was found for 6 months postpartum BMI between the two groups (p value=0.306). However, after controlled by predominant breastfeeding of 24 weeks, significant difference was found for weight loss during postpartum period (p value=0.047). Among vegetarian mothers, the most influencing factor affecting maternal postpartum BMI was 0 month postpartum BMI (affecting BMI 1- and 2-month postpartum), and pre-pregnancy BMI (affecting BMI 3-month postpartum BMI onward). Among non-vegetarian mothers, the most influencing factor affecting maternal postpartum BMI was 0 month postpartum BMI (affecting BMI 1- to 5-month postpartum) and duration of predominant breastfeeding (affecting BMI 6-month postpartum). Weight growth of infants of vegetarian mothers was higher than that of non-vegetarian mothers (p value=0.009), but no difference was found for infant length growth (p value=0.235). After controlled by predominant breastfeeding of 24 weeks, the difference on infant growth were disappeared. However vegetarian mothers had significantly greater weight loss (p value=0.047). Among vegetarian mothers, the most influencing factor affecting infant weight was infant?s sex (affecting infant weight at month 1 to 6 after birth) while among non-vegetarian mothers was infant birthweight (affecting infant weight at month 1 and 2 after birth), infant?s sex (affecting infant weight at month 3 after birth), and maternal 0 month postpartum BMI (affecting infant weight at month 4 to 6 after birth). The most influencing factor affecting infant length among vegetarian mothers was infant?s sex (affecting infant length at month 1 to 5 after birth) and length at birth (affecting infant length at month 6 after birth), while among non-vegetarian mothers the most influencing factor was infant length at birth (affecting infant length at 1 to 4 after birth) and infant?s sex (affecting infant length at 5 and 6 month after birth. Results of this study supports 6 months exclusive breastfeeding policy for both vegetarian and non-vegetarian, but necessitates nutrition and food consumption related programs during lactation period. It is important to spread information on the importance of adequate energy and nutrient intakes during lactation. Government should take an active role toward supplementation program for lactating mothers. Vegetarian mothers are to balance their diet during lactation period by taking micro-nutrient supplementation such as vitamin B12 and zi

Abstrak :
Berat badan lahir 2.500 gram yang hingga kini merupakan standar ukuran risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas bayi merupakan faktor risiko penting yang berdampak hingga usia dewasa. Saat ini, bayi dengan berat badan lahir di bawah 3.000 gram dihubungkan dengan risiko penyakit degeneratif pada usia dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan berat badan lahir dengan status gizi ibu meliputi berat badan prahamil, pertambahan be- rat badan selama kehamilan, dan kadar hemoglobin ibu pada trimester keti- ga kehamilan. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional ini meng- gunakan sumber data sekunder rekam medis Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta. Analisis dilakukan secara bivariat dan multivariat menggunakan metode uji chi square dan korelasi regresi. Hasil studi me- nunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara berat badan prahamil dan per- tambahan berat badan ibu selama kehamilan dengan berat badan lahir. Setelah dikontrol berbagai variabel lain, analisis regresi logistik ganda me- nemukan berat badan ibu prahamil, pertambahan berat badan selama ke- hamilan, usia ibu, dan urutan kelahiran merupakan faktor yang me- mengaruhi berat badan lahir. Berat badan prahamil ibu merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap berat badan lahir (odds ratio, OR = 6,64). Oleh sebab itu, ibu dengan status gizi prahamil kurang yang sedang merencanakan kehamilan perlu lebih diperhatikan.

The weight of 2.500 gram is still being used as the cut off point to predict the risk of baby?s morbidity and mortality. Recently birth weight of less than 3.000 gram is being rigorously assess as a risk factor for noncommunica- ble disease in adulthood. Therefore it is important to assess factors that are affecting the fetal growth and development. The objectives of this study is to determine the relationship between infant?s birth weight and mother?s nut- ritional status, i.e. pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, and maternal haemoglobin level in the 3rd trimester as well as several other fac- tors. The study design is cross sectional using secondary data from medi- cal record of Budi Kemuliaan Hospital Jakarta. The result of chi square and correlation regression test shows there is significant relationship between pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy and birth weight. The multiple logistic regression test reveals that pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, maternal age, and birth order are factors that are effecting birth weight significantly, with pre-pregnancy weight as the dominant factor (odds ratio, OR = 6,643). Therefore, it is imperative to give more attention to undernourished women who are planning their pregnan- cy.

Abstrak :
Menyusui eksklusif kurang dari 6 bulan berkontribusi terhadap 1,4 juta kematian bayi dan 10% angka kesakitan balita. Persepsi Ketidakcukupan Air Susu Ibu (PKA) yang memengaruhi kepercayaan diri untuk menyusui menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kegagalan pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif di dunia. Salah satu faktor penyebab PKA adalah ketidakmampuan ibu hamil untuk mencapai kenaikan berat badan (BB) yang direkomendasikan sehingga ibu berisiko melahirkan bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) dan memiliki cadangan lemak rendah untuk memproduksi ASI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi ibu dan PKA. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian terhadap 3 studi yang menganalisis di Kabupaten Karawang, Kecamatan Cilandak, dan Kecamatan Tanjung Priok pada tahun 2010 dan 2011. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi ibu dan PKA dengan odds ratio (OR) masing-masing 3,7 (1,470 _ 9,081); 3,9 (1,551 ? 9,832); dan 4,5 (1,860 ? 11,008). Disimpulkan bahwa PKA dialami oleh ibu menyusui yang selama hamil tidak mencapai kenaikan BB yang direkomendasikan menyebabkan ibu berhenti memberikan ASI eksklusif. Penemuan yang penting ini dapat digunakan untuk mengubah anggapan para pakar ASI dan masyarakat bahwa semua ibu, apapun kondisi status gizinya, mampu menyusui ekslusif. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi masukan bagi penentu kebijakan untuk memerhatikan status gizi ibu menyusui.

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Exclusive breastfeeding for less than 6 months contributed to the 1,4 million deaths of infants and 10% toddlers? morbidity. Perceived Insufficient Milk (PIM) became one of the main causes of exclusive breastfeeding failure in the world. PIM could occured by inability of pregnant women to achieve the recommended weight gain thus mothers have the risk of giving birth of low birth weight (LBW) infants and have low fat reserves to produce milk. Low production of breast milk will negatively affect the confidence of mothers to breastfeed. This study aimed to examine three studies that analyzed the relationship between maternal nutritional status and PIM. The study was conducted in three places Karawang district, Tanjung Priok subdistrict, and Cilandak sub district in 2010 and 2011. The results of this study showed significant associations between maternal nutritional status and PIM with odds ratio (OR) 3,7 (1,47 to 9,08); 3,9 (1,55 to 9,83); and 4,5 (1,86 to 11,01) respectively. It concluded that PIM was experienced by breastfeeding mothers whose maternal weight gain during pregnancy did not achieve the recommendation and caused the mother to stop exclusive breastfeeding. This discovery is important and useful to change the existing perception among breastfeeding experts and communities all mothers, regardless their nutritional status, are able to breastfeed exclusively. The study is expected to provide input for policy makers to pay more attention to the nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Indonesia masih menghadapi masalah status gizi. Pertumbuhan gigi sulung dimulai sejak minggu ke lima kandungan. Oleh sebab itu, gizi ibu prenatal dan anak postnatal dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan gigi, termasuk karies gigi sulung. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan status gizi ibu periode prenatal dan status gizi balita dengan karies gigi sulung. Metode: Desain potong lintang secara analitik observasional. Data status gizi ibu dan anak diambil melalui Buku KIA dan KMS. Data karies melalui pemeriksaan deft. Hasil: Prevalensi ibu dengan gizi kurang periode prenatal 22,8 , 28,1 balita mengalami stunting, dan prevalensi karies gigi sulung 55,2 . Hubungan status gizi ibu periode prenatal dengan karies gigi sulung bermakna. ......Background: Indonesia still face nutritional problem. Primary teeth growth start in fifth weeks of prenatal period. Thus, the prenatal nutritional status of mothers'and their child's can affect the tooth health, including primary teeth caries. Objective: This study was analyzed the relationship between mother's nutritional status and their child of primary teeth caries. Method: Analytic observational with cross sectional design. The data about mother's nutritional status and their child's were taken from KIA and KMS. The data of caries were using deft assessment. Result: The prevalence of mothers and children with poor nutritional status were 22.8 and 28.1 . Prenatal nutritional status of mother's has a relationship to children's primary teeth caries.

Abstrak :
Berat lahir merupakan indikator penting untuk kesehatan bayi baru lahir, karena mencerminkan kondisi gizi dan metabolisme ibu, serta perkembangan janin selama kehamilan. Bayi yang dilahirkan dengan berat badan rendah mempunyai konsekuensi kesehatan jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang. Cut off BBLR 2500 gram  yang berkaitan dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas bayi. Namun penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bayi yang lahir dengan berat <3000 gram juga beresiko terkena penyakit degeneratif di masa depan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara status gizi ibu, faktor ibu dan faktor bayi dengan berat lahir. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan hasil BB prahamil ibu, tinggi badan ibu, IMT prahamil ibu, LILA ibu, Kadar Hb Trimester I ibu, paritas ibu, jenis kelamin bayi dan urutan kelahiran bayi berhubungan dengan berat lahir bayi (p<0.05), hasil dampak terbesar pada populasi yaitu variabel PBBH dan Kadar Hb Trimester I (PAR=31%; PAR=34%). Status gizi ibu yang baik penting pada masa kehamilan. ......Birthweight is an important indicator for the health of newborns, because it reflects the nutritional and metabolic conditions of the mother, as well as the development of the fetus during pregnancy. Babies born with low birth weight have short-term and long-term health consequences. Cut off LBW 2500 grams related to infant morbidity and mortality. However, recent studies have shown that babies born weighing <3000 grams are also at risk of developing degenerative diseases in the future. This study aims to look at the relation between maternal nutritional status, maternal factors and infant factors with birthweight. The study design used was cross sectional with the results of the mother's pre-pregnancy weight, mother's height, mother's pre-pregnancy BMI, mother's LILA, mother's first trimester Hb levels, mother's parity, baby's sex and birth order associated with baby's birthweight (p<0.05), the results of the greatest impact on the population are the variables of gestational weight gain and first trimester Hb levels (PAR=31%; PAR=34%). Good nutritional status of the mother is important during pregnancy.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Kejadian malnutrisi pada anak dapat terjadi karena mengonsumsi makanan yang tidak beragam sehingga asupan zat gizi tidak adekuat (UNICEF,2020). (UNICEF, 2020). Keragaman konsumsi pangan yang tinggi berhubungan dengan rendahnya kejadian stunting dan underweight pada balita (Modjadji et al., 2020). Keragaman konsumsi pangan tersebut mengacu pada peningkatan konsumsi berbagai jenis kelompok bahan makanan yang dapat memenuhi zat gizi untuk kesehatan yang optimal. Kualitas gizi dan kelengkapan zat gizi dipengaruhi oleh keberagaman asupan makanan yang dikonsumsi. Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keragaman konsumsi pangan anak dan faktor dominan terhadap keragaman konsumsi pangan pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Kecamatan Tanjung Priok Jakarta Utara tahun 2023. Metode: desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel 188 anak usia 24-59 bulan di Kecamatan Tanjung Priok selama bulan Juni 2023. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga kelurahan terpilih, yaitu Kelurahan Kebon Bawang, Kelurahan Sunter Jaya, dan Kelurahan Warakas. Skor keragaman konsumsi pangan diambil menggunakan food recall 1x24 jam berdasarkan 9 kelompok pangan dan dikategorikan menjadi tidak beragam (< 5 kelompok pangan) dan (≥ 5 kelompok pangan). Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menggunakan menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara status pekerjaan ayah (p value = 0,022) dengan keragaman konsumsi pangan anak, pengetahuan gizi ibu/pengasuh (p value = 0,036) dengan keragaman konsumsi pangan anak, dan ketahanan pangan (p value = 0,030) dengan keragaman konsumsi pangan anak. Hasil analisis regresi logistik ganda menunjukkan bahwa status pekerjaan ayah merupakan faktor dominan dari keragaman konsumsi pangan anak (OR = 67,5). Kesimpulan: Status pekerjaan ayah menjadi faktor dominan keragaman konsumsi pangan anak usia 24-59 bulan di Kecamatan Tanjung Priok Jakarta Utara tahun 2023 ......Background: Malnutrition in children can occur due to consuming foods that are not diverse, so the intake of nutrients is not adequate (UNICEF, 2020). A high diversity of food consumption is associated with a lower incidence of stunting and underweight in toddlers (Modjadji et al., 2020). Diversity in food consumption refers to increased consumption of various types of food groups that can fulfill nutrients for optimal health. Nutritional quality and completeness of nutrients are influenced by the diversity of food intake consumed. Objective: To find out the factors related to the dietary diversity of children's and the dominant factors on the dietary diversity of food consumption in children aged 24-59 months in Tanjung Priok District, North Jakarta in 2023. Method: The method of this research is cross-sectional with a sample size of 188 children aged 24- 59 months in Tanjung Priok District during June 2023. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The research was conducted in three selected subdistricts, namely Kebon Bawang Subdistrict, Sunter Jaya Subdistrict, and Warakas Subdistrict. Food consumption diversity scores were taken using a 1x24 hour food recall based on 9 food groups and categorized into non-diverse (< 5 food groups) and (≥ 5 food groups). The analysis of this study used the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression tests. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between the father's employment status (p value = 0.022) and the diversity of children's food consumption, the nutritional knowledge of mothers/caregivers (p value = 0.036) with the diversity of children's food consumption, and food security (p value = 0.030) with the diversity of children's food consumption. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the father's employment status was the dominant factor in the diversity of children's food consumption (OR = 67,5). Conclusion: Father's employment status is the dominant factor in the diversity of food consumption for children aged 24- 59 months in Tanjung Priok District, North Jakarta in 2023.