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ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Sindrom dispepsia fungsional merupakan gejala gastrointestinal yang bersifat kronis atau rekuren dan tidak dapat dijelaskan, karena abnormalitas biokimia atau struktural pada evaluasi menggunakan pemeriksaan diagnostik standar tidak menunjukkan adanya abnormalitas. Pada penelitian ini ingin diketahui apakah pekerja rumah sakit yang bekerja dengan sistem kerja gilir berhubungan dengan sindrom dispepsia fungsional dibandingkan dengan pekerja yang tidak bekerja secara gilir. Metode: Desain studi yang digunakan adalah komparatif potong lintang yang membandingkan antara pekerja dengan sistem kerja gilir dengan pekerja bukan dengan sistem gilir. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer (kuesioner dan wawancara), dan data sekunder (rekam medis serta data kepegawaian). Subjek terdiri dari 218 pekerja (109 pekerja gilir dan 109 pekerja bukan gilir). Hasil penelitian: Prevalensi dispepsia fungsional pada pekerja rumah sakit Jakarta adalah 42,2%. Pada analisis multivariat didapatkan bahwa kerja gilir (OR=2,22 (1,212-4,086) p=0,010), usia (OR=0,39 (0,209-0,752) p=0,005), pola makan (OR=1,90 (1,045-4,455) p=0,035), dan status perkawinan (OR=2,49 (1,097-5,651) p=0,029) mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan dispepsia fungsional. Pembahasan: Kerja gilir, usia, pola makan, dan status perkawinan merupakan faktor risiko sindrom dispepsia fungsional. Usia dan jenis kelamin menjadi faktor protektif. Usia menjadi faktor protektif karena adanya mekanisme adaptasi dispepsia. Jenis kelamin sebagai faktor protektif mungkin disebabkan pada perempuan tingkat kesadaran terhadap kesehatan lebih tinggi yang menyebabkan angka mortalitas lebih kecil daripada laki-laki

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ABSTRACT
Background: Functional dyspepsia syndrome is a gastrointestinal symptoms that are chronic or recurrent and can not be explained, because the biochemical or structural abnormalities in the evaluation using standard diagnostic examination showed no abnormalities. In this study, we want to know whether the hospital workers who worked shift work system associated with the syndrome of functional dyspepsia compared with workers who do not work in shifts. Method: The study design used was a comparative cross-sectional comparing between workers with shift work system to workers who work not with the shift system. The data used are primary data using questionnaires and interviews, and secondary data through medical records and employment data. Subjects consisted of 218 employees (109 workers with shift work and 109 workers without shift work). Results: The prevalence of functional dyspepsia at Jakarta hospital workers was 42.2%. On multivariate analysis, it was found that shift work (Adj. OR=2.22 (1.212-4.086) p=0.010), age (Adj. OR=0.39 (0.209-0.752) p=0.005), diet (Adj. OR=1.90 (1,045-4.455) p=0.035) and marital status (Adj. OR=2.49 (1.097-5.651) p=0.029) had a significant relationship with functional dyspepsia. Discussion: Shift work, age, diet, and marital status are risk factors syndrome functional dyspepsia. Age and sex becomes a protective factor. Age becomes a protective factor for their adaptation mechanism of dyspepsia. Gender as a protective factor may be due to the level of awareness of women's health is higher that causes of mortality rate is smaller than the male

Abstrak :
In up to 80% of dyspepsia patients who consult a physician in the hospital, dyspepsia is considered to be functional dyspepsia. Although not associated with increased mortality, functional dyspepsia is a burden at both the community and national levels because it can cause physical, mental, and social ditress that can affect a patients quality of life. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a multidimensional construct comprising at least three broad domains-physical, psychological, and social functioning-which can all be affected by a disease and its treatment. It is important to assess HRQOL in patients with functional dyspepsia to identify the effects of the disease and its treatment on patients. Both disease-specific and generic instruments can be used to assess HRQOL in patients with functional dyspepsia. Each instrument has it own advantages and limitations. The selection of instrument to assess HRQOL is determined by the study population, research questions, disease entities, and researcher preferences. The purpose of this article is to explain the concept of HRQOL and the use of HRQOL assessment in patients with functional dyspepsia.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang Dispepsia fungsional merupakan kumpulan gejala GIT dengan berbagai faktor penyebab. Depresi merupakan salah satu faktor yang berperan panting pada penderita dispepsia fungsional. Depresi sering dijumpai pada penderita dispepsia fungsional dalam menghadapi kehidupannya dan sering terabaikan dalam penatalaksanaannya. Anggota TNI AD merupakan populasi pilihan dan diharapkan mempunyai ketahanan mental dan frsik yang lebih baik. Dalam menghadapi tugas dan kehidupannya, bagaimana peranan depresi pada anggota TNI AD yang menderita dispepsia fungsional Metodologi Sampel didapatkan secara konsekutif sebanyak 95 anggota TNI AD yang menderita dispepsia fungsional di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto, periode Oktober 2005 sampai Juli 2006 dan dilakukan wawancara terstruktur dengan instrumen SLID I untuk diagnosis gangguan depresi berdasarkan DSM IV. Hasil Prevalensi depresi pada anggota TNI AD yang menderita dispepsia fungsional adalah sebesar 54,7 %. Faktor-faktor seperti umur (diatas 40 tahun), pangkat (Perwira), tempat tugas (di Staf, di daerah operasi militer, waktu tugas di daerah operasi militer), tempat tinggal (rumah sendiri) dan pemikahan menunjukkan kecenderungan mengalami depresi. Simpulan Kejadian depresi pada anggota TNI AD yang menderita dispepsia fungsional tidak jauh berbeda dengan populasi umum.

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Background Functional dyspepsia is a syndrome of GIT symptoms with multifactor etiologies. Depression is one of the important factors that influence on functional dyspepsia patient Depression is often found on functional Dyspepsia patient in facing their life event and is often ignored in the treatment. The Indonesian army forces were selected population and are expected to have better mental and physical endurance. In facing the military duty and life event, how is the relation of depression in the army patient with functional dyspepsia. Method 95 Samples were obtained consecutively from the army patient with functional dyspepsia in RSPAD Gatot Soebroto between October 2005 and July 2006 by using structured interview with SCID-1 instrument for the diagnosis of depression disorders according to DSM IV Result The prevalence of depression of Indonesian army with functional dyspepsia was 54.7%. Factor such as age (above 40 years), official rank, staff assignment, military operation and point of military operation time, living in own residence and the marriage are shown to have depression tendency. Conclusion The prevalence of depression of Indonesian army with functional dyspepsia was found to be almost equally comparable with general population.

Abstrak :
There are many determinant factors that may paly roles in pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia. One of them is psychological stress that cab increase plasma cortisol levels, alter inflammation process and affect helicobacter pylori activity. No study has been conducted to find out the dominant factor among them. This study aimed to find the dominant factor among plasma cortisol levels, IL-6 and IL-8 expressions and H.pylori activity, as the determinant factors in the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia. Methos: a cross-sectional study was conducted in 80 patients with dyspepsia syndrome at M.Djamil General Hospital, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia. The patients were categorized into two groups, i.e. the stress and non-stress group, which were identified using DASS 42 questionairre criteris. The inflammatory expressions (IL-6 and IL-8 expressions) as well as H. pylori ativity were determined using immunohistochemistry of gastric biopsy specimens; while plasma cortisol levels was measured from peripheral blood samples. Data were analyzed using binary multivariate logistic regression. Resultss: there were 80 patients with functional dyspepsia with mean age of 38.9 years old. The morning cortisol level was found significantly higher in the stress group. Higher IL-6 and IL-8 expressions were found in patients of non stress group compared to those in the other group (IL-6; 73.28 (SD 16.60) vs. 72.95 (SD 19.49 and IL-8 18.45 (SD 17.32) vs. 14.80 (SD 12.71) ) although stastically not significant. There was greater helicobacter pylori activity in the group with psychological stress compared to those in the non-stress group since there was antigen-antibody reaction invading the submucosa. The dominant determinant factor was the afternoon plasma cortisol levels. Conclusion: many factors can become the determinant factors for gastric mucosal damage; however, our study has demonstrated that the dominant factor is afternoon plasma cortisol levels.

Abstrak :
Background: pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia remains poorly understood. Many factors such as gastric motility disorder, visceral hypersensitivity, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, psychological stress and excessive gastric acid secretion play roles in this symptom. Psychological stress may promote peptic ulcer and has an effect on ulcers-associated Hp. This study aimed to determine Helicobacter pylori activity and expression of mucosal IL 6 and their association with psychological stress. Methods: a cross-sectional study was done among 40 outpatients with dyspeptic syndromes in M. Djamil General Hospital and two community health centers in Padang. The subjects were divided into two groups, with and without psychological stress, which were identified using DASS 42. Gastric biopsy specimens and peripheral blood samples were taken while performing esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Immunohistochemistry methods was used to determine the expression of IL 6 and Hp in gastric mucosa. The correlation of each variable in the group experiencing psychological stress and non stress was analyzed using Chi square test. Results: there were 40 patients with functional dyspepsia with average age of 37.58(SD 11.82) years old. The cortisol levels were significantly different between both groups (non stress vs. stress groups); moreover, morning cortisol level in psychological stress group was higher beyond normal limit. Interleukin 6 expression, as the evidence of inflammatory activity, seemed higher in non stress group than the group with psychological stress (8.25% vs. 7.25%). Helicobacter pylori activity was seemed to be increased in the stress group as characterized by higher numbers of invasion to the sub mucosa epithelium compared to the non stress group (11 vs. 7 subjects). Conclusion: psychological stress seems to have no correlation with IL-6 in gastric mucous of patients with functional dyspepsia; however, there is an evidence of increasing activity of Helicobacter pylori.