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"ABSTRAKPenanganan diare di rumah, merupakan :ara yang tapat untuk mencegah terjadinya dehidrasi pada penderita diare. Tetapi penelitian untuk membuktikannya belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian cairan dan makanan selama diare terhadap terjadinya dehidrasi. Desain penelitian adalah kasus kontrol, pada anak berumur kurang dari 36 bulan, dengan kasus adalah dehidrasi berat sedang kontrol adalah bukan dehidrasi berat. Keduanya adalah penderita diare yang dirawat imap di rumah sakitBagian Anak Di Bngor. Analisis regresi Iugistik multivariat digunakan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh setiap faktor yang diteliti dengan mengendalikan semua faktor laan yang ikut mempengaruhi asosiasi tersebut. Dari 73 kasus dan 113 kontrol yang dianalisis dapatdiketahui bahwa oralit yang diberikan pada anak yang menderita diare dapat mencegah terjadinya dehidrasi sebesar 73,5 % dibandingkgn dangan cairan biasa. Sedang pemberian makan yang cukup selama anak menderita diare dapat mencegah terjadinya dehidrasi sabesar 63,0 % dibandingkan apabila tidak diberikan makanan apapun selama diare. Anak yang menderita diare disarankan untuk segera mendapat oralit, haik sebagai cairan tunggal ataupun kumbinasi dengan cairan lain. Disamping itu, selama anak diare makanan tetap diberikan. "

"ABSTRAK Dehidrasi dapat menyebabkan terjadinya hipovolemia, kegagalan organ, danbahkan berakhir dengan kematian. Asuhan keperawatan yang berkualitas sangatdiperlukan dalam mengatasi masalah gangguan cairan pada anak. Karya ilmiahakhir ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran aplikasi Model KonservasiMyra E. Levine dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada anak dengan kankeryang mengalami ketidakseimbangan cairan. Intervensi berdasarkan modelkonservasi Levine yaitu mengkaji tanda-tanda dehidrasi, memantau adanyamuntah, diare dan demam, mengukur tanda-tanda vital, mengukur intake outputcairan dan melakukan analisis terhadap balance cairan. Evaluasi setelahdilakukan intervensi keperawatan pada kasus 1, 2, dan 3 masalah risikokekurangan volume cairan tubuh tidak terjadi, sedangkan pada kasus 4 sampaidengan 5, masalah ketidakseimbangan cairan teratasi. Rekomendasi karya ilmiahini adalah dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada anak dengan kasushemato-onkologi yang mengalami ketidakseimbangan cairan kepada pasien dapatmenerapkan teori keperawatan model konservasi Myra E. Levine.ABSTRACT Dehydration can lead to hypovolemia, organ failure, and even death. Qualitynursing care is of high importance in addressing the problem of fluid imbalancein children. This paper aimed to describe the application of Levine?sConservation Model in providing nursing care to children with cancer whoexperience fluid imbalance. Based on this model, the interventions includereviewing signs of dehydration, monitoring vomiting, diarrhea, and fever,measuring vital signs, measuring the fluid intake and output and analyzing thefluid balance. After the nursing intervention, the problem of risk of body fluidvolume deficiency did not occur in cases number 1, 2, and 3; while in the casesnumber 4 and 5 in which fluid imbalance already happened, this imbalanceproblem was resolved. It can be concluded that Levine?s model is an effectiveapproach to manage the fluid imbalance problem in children with hematooncologycases.;Dehydration can lead to hypovolemia, organ failure, and even death. Qualitynursing care is of high importance in addressing the problem of fluid imbalancein children. This paper aimed to describe the application of Levine?sConservation Model in providing nursing care to children with cancer whoexperience fluid imbalance. Based on this model, the interventions includereviewing signs of dehydration, monitoring vomiting, diarrhea, and fever,measuring vital signs, measuring the fluid intake and output and analyzing thefluid balance. After the nursing intervention, the problem of risk of body fluidvolume deficiency did not occur in cases number 1, 2, and 3; while in the casesnumber 4 and 5 in which fluid imbalance already happened, this imbalanceproblem was resolved. It can be concluded that Levine?s model is an effectiveapproach to manage the fluid imbalance problem in children with hematooncologycases.;Dehydration can lead to hypovolemia, organ failure, and even death. Qualitynursing care is of high importance in addressing the problem of fluid imbalancein children. This paper aimed to describe the application of Levine?sConservation Model in providing nursing care to children with cancer whoexperience fluid imbalance. Based on this model, the interventions includereviewing signs of dehydration, monitoring vomiting, diarrhea, and fever,measuring vital signs, measuring the fluid intake and output and analyzing thefluid balance. After the nursing intervention, the problem of risk of body fluidvolume deficiency did not occur in cases number 1, 2, and 3; while in the casesnumber 4 and 5 in which fluid imbalance already happened, this imbalanceproblem was resolved. It can be concluded that Levine?s model is an effectiveapproach to manage the fluid imbalance problem in children with hematooncologycases.;Dehydration can lead to hypovolemia, organ failure, and even death. Qualitynursing care is of high importance in addressing the problem of fluid imbalancein children. This paper aimed to describe the application of Levine?sConservation Model in providing nursing care to children with cancer whoexperience fluid imbalance. Based on this model, the interventions includereviewing signs of dehydration, monitoring vomiting, diarrhea, and fever,measuring vital signs, measuring the fluid intake and output and analyzing thefluid balance. After the nursing intervention, the problem of risk of body fluidvolume deficiency did not occur in cases number 1, 2, and 3; while in the casesnumber 4 and 5 in which fluid imbalance already happened, this imbalanceproblem was resolved. It can be concluded that Levine?s model is an effectiveapproach to manage the fluid imbalance problem in children with hematooncologycases.;Dehydration can lead to hypovolemia, organ failure, and even death. Qualitynursing care is of high importance in addressing the problem of fluid imbalancein children. This paper aimed to describe the application of Levine?sConservation Model in providing nursing care to children with cancer whoexperience fluid imbalance. Based on this model, the interventions includereviewing signs of dehydration, monitoring vomiting, diarrhea, and fever,measuring vital signs, measuring the fluid intake and output and analyzing thefluid balance. After the nursing intervention, the problem of risk of body fluidvolume deficiency did not occur in cases number 1, 2, and 3; while in the casesnumber 4 and 5 in which fluid imbalance already happened, this imbalanceproblem was resolved. It can be concluded that Levine?s model is an effectiveapproach to manage the fluid imbalance problem in children with hematooncologycases."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang nilai risiko yang ada di Unit Dapur Peleburan Departemen Cor Divisi Tempa & Cor PT. Pindad Persero Bandung tahun 2016. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan teknik survey dengan metode sekuensial eksplanatori (bertahap). Penilaian risiko dilakukan dengan analisis berdasarkan nilai konsekuensi, pajanan dan kemungkinan dengan menggunakan metode penilaian semi-kuantitatif W.T Fine untuk mengetahui level risiko yang ada dalam proses/tahap produksi yang mengacu pada standar AS/NZS 4360:2004. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa level risiko yang ada di Unit Dapur Peleburan Departemen Cor Divisi Tempa & Cor PT. Pindad Persero Bandung meliputi priority 1, substantial dan priority 3.

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This study discusses the value of the existing risks in the Kitchen Melting Unit Department Of Casting Division Casting & Forging PT. Pindad Persero Bandung in 2016. The design of this study using survey techniques with explanatory sequential method (two-phased). The risk assessment carried out by the analysis based on the value of the consequences, exposure and likelihood of using a semi-quantitative assessment methods W.T Fine to determine the level of risk in the process / production stage refers to AS / NZS 4360: 2004 standard. The study states that the level of risk that exist in the Kitchen Melting Unit Department Of Casting Division Casting & Forging PT. Pindad Persero Bandung include Priority 1, Substantial, and Priority 3."

"Malnutrisi didapat di rumah sakit dapat mempengaruhi proses kesembuhan pada pasien. Berbagai gizi diperlukan untuk mempercepat kesembuhan. Responden penelitian ini 138 data pasien anak berusia 1 bulan sampai usia 18 tahun masa perawatan Januari-Desember 2017. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional dengan model retrospektif. Pasien anak dengan organomegali, retensi cairan, dehidrasi, dan pasien dengan pulang atas permintaan pasien (APS) tidak masuk penelitian. Pengukuran status gizi menggunakan BB/TB untuk usia ≤ 5 tahun dan IMT/U untuk > 5 tahun. Hasil uji statistik antara status awal masuk RS dan lama rawat sebesar 0,689 untuk BB/TB dan 0,869 untuk IMT/U. Tidak ada hubungan antara status gizi awal masuk rumah sakit dan lama rawat (nilai P > α). Pemeriksaan awal terkait gizi sangat diperlukan untuk membantu dalam pemberian perawatan dari awal dan mempercepat proses penyembuhan.

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Nutrition problem acquired in hospital effect to healing process. Nutritions need to recovery. This research used 138 respondent age between 1 month and 18 years old registered January to December 2017. Study Cross-sectional and retrospective. Patients with organomegaly, fluid retention, dehydration, and turn out of hospital by request exclude respondent. Nutritional status measured by weight for height (≤ 5 years old) and body mass index (BMI) for age (>5 years old). Statistic test between nutritional status at admission and length of stay is 0,689 for BB/TB and 0,869 for IMT/U. there is no correlation between nutritional status at admission and length of stay (P value > α). Nutrition screening at admission important to support giving early treatment and increasing recovery"

"Diare lanjut dapat mengakibatkan dehidrasi pada balita dan saat ini merupakan penyebab kematian urutan kedua pada balita di dunia. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian dehidrasi pada balita dengan diare. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dan melalui tehnik consecutive sampling didapat 110 balita dengan diare yang mengalami dehidrasi ringan/sedang dan berat yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta Cempaka Putih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kejadian dehidrasi pada balita dengan diiare adalah usia balita p=0,023 dan status gizi balita p=0,000 . Hasil analisis berikutnya didapatkan faktor paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian dehidrasi pada balita dengan diare adalah status gizi balita OR=15,22. Diperlukan perhatian khusus/lebih pada balita dengan diare yang memiliki status gizi kurang terhadap risiko dehidrasi di tatanan pelayanan primer.

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Further diarrhea can lead to dehydration and is currently the second leading cause of death in children under five in the world. The aim of research to identify factors associated with the occurrence of dehydration in under five with diarrhea. This research uses cross sectional design and through consecutive sampling technique is obtained 110 children under five with diarhhea who are dehydrated mild moderate and severe, hospitalized in Jakarta Islamic Hospital Cempaka Putih.

The results showed factors that have a significant relationship with the occurrence of dehydration in children under five with diarrhea are the age of children p 0,023 and nutritional status p 0,000. The next analysis results were obtained the most dominant factor related to the occurrence of dehydration in children under five with diarrhea is the nutritional status of children OR 15,22. Special attention is required more in children under five with diarrhea who have the status of malnutrition on the risk of dehydration in the order of prymary care."

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Sistem dehidrasi glikol di Lapangan X bertujuan untuk menjaga kandungan air pada gas jual di bawah 10 lbs/MMSCFD sesuai permintaan konsumen. Dengan kondisi operasi saat ini, terdapat permasalahan kehilangan glikol yang menyebabkan biaya operasional bertambah. Penyebab kehilangan glikol dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai macam faktor, diantaranya karena permasalahan kadar keasaman (pH) yang tidak netral pada sirkulasi glikol (Azubuike & Michael, 2017) serta terjadinya oksidasi pada make up tank (Trueba et al., 2022). Pada Lapangan X, kondisi operasi tersebut pun terjadi, yaitu pH sirkulasi glikol berkisar antara 5 hingga 6 yang terukur pada make up tank. Terdapat beberapa metode untuk mengatasi kehilangan glikol, diantaranya penerapan Pre-Inhibited Glycol dan Nitrogen Blanketing. Makalah tesis ini membahas tentang pemecahan masalah kehilangan glikol dengan analisis proses pada kondisi aktual dan penerapan modifikasi Pre-Inhibited Glycol, Nitrogen Blanketing dan Metode Kombinasi Pre-Inhibited Glycol - Nitrogen Blanketing. Perangkat lunak yang digunakan untuk simulasi adalah Aspen HYSYS v11. Tujuan dari simulasi proses modifikasi ini adalah mendapatkan variabel kehilangan glikol fraksi massa TEG > 0.98 dan kadar air pada sales gas kurang dari 10 lbs/MMSCF. Analisis keekonomian dilakukan untuk menilai kelayakan modifikasi pada glikol dengan kriteria NPV ≥ 0, IRR ≥ WACC dan Payback Period ≤ 10 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil 100 studi kasus pada simulasi Aspen HYSYS, metode Nitrogen Blanketing merupakan metode yang memenuhi kelayakan teknis dengan parameter fraksi massa TEG sebesar 0.9808 – 0.9860, water content sebesar 9.15 – 12.04, dan pH 6.78 – 6.87. Secara kelayakan ekonomis, metode Nitrogen Blanketing juga layak dengan nilai IRR, NPV dan Payback Period berturut-turut sebesar 31.9%, Rp. 31.143.295 dan 1 tahun. 

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The glycol dehydration system in Field X aims to maintain the water content of selling gas below 10 lbs/MMSCFD according to consumer demand. With current operating conditions, there is a problem of glycol loss, which causes operational costs to increase. The cause of glycol loss can be caused by various factors, including the problem of non-neutral acidity (pH) in glycol circulation (Azubuike & Michael, 2017) and oxidation in the makeup tank (Trueba et al., 2022). In Field X, the operating conditions also occur, namely that the circulating pH of glycol ranges from 5 to 6, which is measured in the make-up tank. There are several methods to overcome glycol loss, including the application of Pre-Inhibited Glycol and Nitrogen Blanketing. This research discusses solving the problem of glycol loss by analyzing the process under actual conditions and applying modified Pre-Inhibited Glycol, Nitrogen blanketing, and Pre-Inhibited Glycol-nitrogen blanketing combination methods. The software used for the simulation is Aspen HYSYS v11. The purpose of this modification process simulation is to obtain a variable loss of glycol mass fraction TEG > 0.98 and a water content in sales gas of less than 10 lbs/MMSCF. Economic analysis was carried out to assess the feasibility of modifying glycol with the criteria of NPV ≥ 0, IRR ≥  WACC, and Payback Period ≤ 10 years. Based on the results of 100 case studies on the Aspen HYSYS simulation, the Nitrogen Blanketing method is a method that meets technical feasibility with TEG mass fraction parameters of 0.9808–0.8860, water content of 9.15–12.04, and pH 6.78–6.77. In terms of economic feasibility, the Nitrogen Blanketing method is also feasible with IRR, NPV, and Payback Period values ​​of 31.9%, Rp. 31,143,295 and 1 year.

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