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"Hubungan yang tercipta antara hewan dengan manusia pada saat ini cenderung bertujuan untuk menciptakan rasa saling memahami, perasaan senang, dan persahabatan. Meskipun demikian, rasa sayang tersebut belum tentu memberikan manfaat bagi hewan itu sendiri, seperti halnya ketika X memanfaatkan hewan eksotis yang dipeliharanya untuk tujuan komersial demi mendapatkan keuntungan, yakni dengan cara mengunggah video yang mengandung unsur kelucuan, keindahan, keunikan, dan kesenangan ke media sosial Youtube. Namun, pada kenyataannya tindakan X yang pada awalnya bertujuan untuk menyelamatkan hewan eksotis dari kepunahan karena rusaknya alam liar dan maraknya perburuan, malah menjadi paradoks kejahatan lingkungan. Tulisan ini berfokus pada konten visual yang diunggah oleh X di media sosial YouTube selama tahun 2021. Kerangka pemikiran dan analisis pada tulisan ini dipayungi oleh pemikiran Goyes (2019) mengenai Southern Green Criminology, kemudian dijelaskan lebih lanjut melalui animal welfare dalam beberapa hal, yakni 1) kontrol reproduksi; 2) sifat buatan manusia; 3) perasaan afektif; 4) fungsi biologis; dan 5) fungsi alami, kriminologi visual untuk melihat visualisasi yang ditawarkan dalam konten X, dan menggunakan metode content analysis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya sentimen publik sehingga menciptakan paradoks kejahatan lingkungan, khususnya terkait pemeliharaan hewan eksotis. 

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The relationship that was created between animals and humans at this time tends to aim to make sense of mutual understanding, feelings of pleasure, and friendship. However, this affection does not necessarily benefit the animals themselves, as is the case when X uses the exotic animals it keeps for commercial purposes for profit, namely by uploading videos that contain elements of cuteness, beauty, uniqueness, and fun to social media. YouTube. However, in reality, X's actions which initially aimed to save exotic animals from extinction due to the destruction of the wild and rampant hunting, have become a paradox of environmental crimes. This paper focuses on visual content uploaded by X on YouTube social media during 2021. The framework and analysis in this paper overshadowed by Goyes' (2019) thoughts on Southern Green Criminology, then explained further through animal welfare in several ways, namely 1 ) reproductive control; 2) human control; 3) affective feelings; 4) biological function; and 5) natural functions, as well as visual criminology to see the visualizations offered in X content, and using the content analysis method. The results of this study indicate the existence of public sentiment that creates a paradox of environmental crimes, especially related to the maintenance of exotic animal."

"Eliminasi hewan dengan cara yang membuat hewan merasakan sakit berkepanjangan merupakan suatu tindakan yang salah. Cara eliminasi tersebut terjadi karena kurangnya pemahaman manusia bahwa hewan juga merupakan makhluk sentient, sama seperti manusia. Makhluk sentient adalah makhluk yang dapat merasakan sakit. Skripsi ini menolak cara eliminasi anjing di Bali menggunakan prinsip moral utilitarianisme menurut Peter Singer. Prinsip utilitarianisme Singer membasiskan kesetaraan antara manusia dengan hewan berdasarkan kepentingan (interest). Singer mengatakan bahwa tolok ukur paling mendasar untuk kesataraan antara manusia dan hewan adalah kemampuan rasa sakit. Sesuatu yang benar bagi kaum utilitarian adalah yang dapat memaksimalkan kebahagiaan (pleasure) dan meminimalkan rasa sakit (pain). Jika anjing-anjing di Bali dieliminasi dengan cara yang dapat menyebabkan rasa sakit yang berkepanjangan, berarti tindakan tersebut dapat digolongkan ke dalam tindakan speciesist.

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Animal elimination by making animals painful endlessly is a bad action. That way of elimination occurs because people do not fully understand that animals are also sentient creatures, just like people. Sentient creatures are creatures which can feel pain. This script rejects dogs elimination in Bali by using principle of utilitarianism morality according to Peter Singer. The principle of utilitarianism basically discusses equal consideration between human being and animals based on interest. Singer said that the most basic benchmark for equal consideration between human being and animals is capability of feeling pain. Something right to do for utilitarians is maximize happiness (pleasure) and minimize pain. If dogs elimination in Bali is done by painful ways, the ways can be categorized into sppeciesist acts."

"This ebook examines the contents, influence, and potential of a personal selection of modern books published over the last fifty years that have been relevant to improving welfare. The works selected comprise three earlier classics that mainly deal with animal experimentation and intensive farming, as well as five that concentrate on specific subject areas, namely history, science, applied ethics, politics and law, that are important to protecting the welfare of animals against suffering inflicted by humans. The books are arranged in the order of their publication date, and for each one a few related works are also mentioned or discussed. This collection provides a broad understanding of animal protection issues, and provides the necessary basis for an informed and comprehensive approach to improving the welfare of animals. The books selected have been influential and they have the potential to improve animal welfare in the future."

"The interconnected lives of humans and elephants have shaped landscapes, determined the destinies of empires, and stimulated new kinds of knowledge, skill, and practice. Their encounters have also produced intimate forms of companionship, as well as conflict over space and resources. In South Asia, where many people live in close proximity to elephants, this interspecies relationship resonates with cultural significance. Such diverse, multifaceted, and frequently problematic relations between two kinds of intelligent social mammals have drawn the attention of multiple types of researchers and research. Interpreting this interspecies encounter, however, remains problematic, often producing disparate understandings that resist coherent integration. This volume seeks to remedy the problem of disciplinary commensurability by facilitating conversation across the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Bringing together anthropologists, biologists, ecologists, geographers, historians, political scientists, and Sanskrit language specialists, this volume explores the social, historical, and ecological dimensions of human-elephant conflict and coexistence. It engages with both species as world-making subjects acting in ways that profoundly affect each other. This book not only helps us appreciate that we cannot understand elephant habitat and behaviour in isolation from the humans that help configure it, but also makes us realize that we cannot understand human political, economic, and social life without the elephants that shape and share the world with them. Refusing to study animal ecologies and human histories as exclusive phenomena, this book argues for an integrated approach to understanding and responding to the challenges of human-elephant relations."

"Perusakan habitat hutan, pengalihan fungsi hutan yang berlebihan serta penangkapan dan penjualan ilegal satwa liar membuat semakin banyaknya satwa di Indonesia yang terancam punah atau bahkan benar-benar punah. Edukasi kepada masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kesadaran publik akan pentingnya pelestarian satwa liar rnemainkan peranan panting dalam pelestarian satwa liar. Pusat Primata Schmutzer yang merupakan pusat konservasi primata dengan tujuan perlindungan dan pelestarian primata Indonesia, juga berupaya memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat untuk lebih menghargai dan peduli pada keindahan satwa liar Indonesia.Penelitian ini mencoba mengevaluasi program pemasaran sosial yang telah dilakukan Pusat Primata Schmutzer dalam menyampaikan informasi tentang satwa primata, memperkenalkan konsep keberadaan Pusat Primata Schmutzer yang lebih dari sekedar zoo tetapi lebih mengutamakan kesejahteraan serta konservasi satwa primata, serta upaya meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pelestarian satwa primata. Outcome evaluation dengan mengukur peningkatan knowledge serta perubahan attitude dilakukan untuk menilai efektivitas program komunikasi Pusat Primata Schmutzer kepada pengunjung umum.Melalui perbandingan hasil kuesioner dari sampel pengunjung umum untuk mengukur knowledge dan attitude sebelum dan sesudah berkunjung ke Pusat Primata Schmutzer, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa program komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh Pusat Primata Schmutzcr mempunyai kontribusi dalam meningkatkan knowledge pengunjung dewasa maupun anak-anak. Peningkatan knowledge diharapkan akan mendorong perubahan sikap pengunjung Pusat Primata Schmutzer agar lebih menghargai pelestarian satwa primata bahkan lebih jauh diharapkan mendorong mereka untuk turut berperan serta dalam upaya konservasi satwa primata serta satwa liar lainnya.Dari hasil penelitian ternyata tidak terjadi perubahan attitude yang signifikan pada responden pengunjung dewasa. Attitude mereka sebetulnya sudah cukup positif, mereka bisa menerima konsep kesejahteraan dan konservasi satwa serta edukasi bagi pengunjung yang menjadi perhatian utama Pusat Primata Schmutzer, termasuk juga menerima dengan baik peraturan yang diterapkan bagi pengunjung serta sikap yang positif terhadap upaya pelestarian satwa primata. Tetapi masih ada beberapa hal yang perlu upaya untuk lebih ditingkatkan serta sate attitude yaitu pemanfaatan satwa primata untuk atraksi hiburan yang ternyata masih negatif tidak seperti apa yang diharapkan.Sementara itu untuk responden anak-anak, terjadi perubahan attitude setelah mereka berkunjung ke Pusat Primata Schmutzer, tetapi terbatas hanya pada beberapa hal saja seperti sikap terhadap peraturan dan edukasi tentang satwa primata di Pusat Primata Schmutzer, serta sikap untuk menjadi bagian dari upaya penyelamatan alarm Tetapi masih terdapat beberapa attitude yang masih lemah dan perlu upaya agar lebih positif serta attitude terhadap pemanfaatan satwa primata untuk atraksi hiburan yang masih negatif.PPS perlu mengupayakan perbaikan penyampaian inforinasi kepada pengunjung dengan tingkat pendidikan SMP ke bawah, dengan melakukan perbaikan pesan di papan informasi atau perubikan inforrnasi di area binatang yang lebih fokus, sederhana, menarik, informatif sehingga mudah dimengerti oleh pengunjung dengan berbagai tingkat pendidikan. Selain itu diperlukan guidance untuk penyampaian informasi kepada anakanak yang dilakukan melalui program kunjungan sekolah. PPS sebaiknya juga lebih mempromosikan kegiatan seperti Kuliah Primata atau Program Sahabat Primata agar peningkatan knowledge pengunjung tidak hanya bersifat sementara.Untuk mendorong perubahan attitude, PPS dapat menyampaikan pesan yang mengarahkan pada attitude yang spesifik, pesan yang cukup kuat dan lebih fokus untuk membawa perubahan attitude. Selain itu juga memberikan informasi yang menyampaikan akibat atau hasil yang dirasakan bila manusia melestarikan satwa primata. Alternatif yang lain adalah dengan animal show tetapi tanpa mengeksploitir satwa primata.Pusat Primata Schmutzer perlu melakukan upaya yang terns menerus untuk mempengaruhi attitude bahkan diharapkan mampu mengubah behavior pengunjung terhadap pelestarian satwa primata. Kenyataan bahwa sebagian besar pengunjung datang ke Pusat Primata Schmutzer dengan tujuan berekreasi, sedikit dari mereka yang sengaja datang untuk mendapatkan informasi dan pesan tentang konservasi, maka menjadi tantangan bagi Pusat Primata Schmutzer untuk menyampaikan pesan kepada pengunjung yang dikemas dalam suasana hiburan dan rekreasi. Pemanfaatan berbagai media konwnikasi hendaknya dilakukan dengan lebih baik, dengan pesan yang lebih fokus, lebih menarik perhatian, pesan yang informatif bagi target adopter, sehingga mudah dipahami dan mampu mendorong perubahan sikap bahkan perilaku pengunjung PPS agar mereka lebih berperan dalam pelestarian satwa primata, bahkan diharapkan juga pelestarian satwa liar lainnya, serta pelestarian habitat mereka.

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Destruction of forest habitat, conversion of forest function, hunting and illegal wildlife trade make more and more Indonesia's wildlife threatened with extinction or even totally disappeared. Education and public awareness can play an important role in conservation of wildlife. Schmutzer Primate Centre is a primate conservation center that aim to protect and conserve Indonesia's primate. Schmutzer Primate Center also would help to teach people to appreciate and care for the beautiful of Indonesia's wildlife.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Schmutzer Primate Centre social marketing program to give information to the visitor about primate, introducing the concept of Schmutzer Primate Centre which more than a zoo but give priority to animal welfare and conservation, and also strive to increase public awareness of primate conservation. Outcome evaluation to measure increase in knowledge and change in attitude conducted to assess the communication program effectiveness of Schmutzer Primate Centre.

Through comparing responses to questionnaires from pre- and post-visit samples, this study found that communication program has contribution in improving knowledge of adult visitors and children visitors. This increase in knowledge is expected encourage visitors to change their attitude to be more respectful of primate conservation and also expected encourage them to be the part of primate conservation and other wildlife conservation effort.

In relation to attitude change, no significant changes were found in the attitudes of post-visit adult respondents as a result of communication program in the centre. Respondents had positive attitudes toward animal welfare and wildlife conservation in Schmutzer Primate Centre; they can accept the rule for the visitor in the centre, and positive attitudes toward primate conservation. But there are some matters which need effort to improve and respondents also hold a negative attitude towards exploiting primate for entertainment.

This study found that attitude change did occur in children respondents as a result of communication program in Schmutzer Primate Centre, but limited to some matters. The program was effective in changing attitudes in post-visit children respondents relating to the rule for visitor in the centre, education about primate in the centre, and attitude towards the effort to save the environment. But the children also hold some negative attitudes and still need some efforts to change those attitudes, and one negative attitude towards exploiting primate for entertainment.

Schmutzer Primate Centre needs to improve delivering effective message to visitors with low education level. Messages that presented in information board or in animal area should be focused, simple, attractive, clear, so that is easy to understood by visitors in any level of education. Schmutzer Primate Centre should also provide guidance program to deliver information to the children that can be done is zoo visit of school group. It is also recommended that Schmutzer Primate Centre need to promote the activities like Kuliah Primata or Sahabat Primata Program.

Schmutzer Primate Centre needs to direct their interpretive messages toward changing specific attitudes. The messages should be strong and focused to bring about the desired changes in attitudes. In addition, it needs to give information about the impact if we save the primate. Other alternative is the use of animal show without exploit them can provide educational experiences to the visitors.

It is recommended that Schmutzer Primate Centre need to do a continuous effort to influence people's attitude and behavior toward primate conservation. People come to Schmutzer Primate Centre for recreation and few of them come to be educated or to get information about conservation. It is Schmutzer Primate Center?s challenge, then, to provide them with educational experiences that are founded in entertainment. Schmutzer Primate Centre should utilize various communication media to deliver educational message to the visitors so it can improve people's conservation knowledge, enhanced environmental attitudes, and become part of the movement to save our natural heritage."