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Abstrak :
The book presents a model for happiness based on current knowledge in evolutionary biology and neurobiology. Briefly, the primary purpose of nervous systems is to direct an animal toward behaviour relevant for survival and procreation. In primitive animals actions are based on reflexes, while in humans the modules directing behaviour engage positive and negative affect (good and bad feelings), and they are swayed by cognitive processes. The reason why evolution opted for this strategy was the improved flexibility in response, i.e., we learn from previous experiences. The human capacity for happiness is an accidental consequence. In short, the book offers both a deeper understanding of what happiness is about, and a framework for improving well-being.

Abstrak :
Dalam menghadapi persaingan bisnis yang ada, bank XYZ perlu meningkatkan kinerja organisasinya saat ini yang salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh pengelolaan SDM. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Direktorat A Bank XYZ dan terdiri dari dua studi, yaitu studi korelasi dan studi intervensi. Studi korelasi bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara komitmen afektif dan perilaku kewargaan antarpribadi. Penelitian dilakukan kepada 40 karyawan direktorat A dengan menggunakan TCM Employee Commitment Survey oleh Mayer dan Allen (2004) dan Interpersonal Citizenship Scale oleh Settoon & Mossholder (2002). Hasil dari penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara komitmen afektif dan perilaku kewargaan antarpribadi (r= 0,38, r²= 0,14, p< 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dilakukan studi kedua, yaitu studi intervensi berupa pelatihan untuk meningkatkan komitmen afektif kepada 5 orang karyawan Direktorat A Bank XYZ. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan (Z= -2,03, p< 0,05) pada karyawan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pelatihan. Hasil evaluasi level tiga yang dilakukan setelah 2 bulan pelatihan belum menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada komitmen afektif (Z = -0,85, p > 0,05) dan perilaku kewargaan antarpribadi yang dimiliki karyawan (Z= -1,34, p> 0,05), meskipun penilaian perilaku dari rekan dan atasan langsung menunjukkan bahwa karyawan memenuhi lebih dari 90 persen perilaku yang ditentukan. ......To deal with existing business competition, Bank XYZ need to improve the performance of their organizations today, one of which is influenced by HR management. This research was conducted at Directorate A of Bank XYZ and consisted of two studies, namely correlation studies and intervention studies. The correlation study aims to determine the relationship between affective commitment and interpersonal citizenship behavior. The first study conducted on 40 employees of directorate A using the TCM Employee Commitment Survey by Mayer and Allen (2004) and the Interpersonal Citizenship Scale by Settoon & Mossholder (2002). The results of this study indicated that there was a significant relationship between affective commitment and interpersonal citizenship behavior (r = 0.38, r2 = 0.14, p <0.05). Based on these results, an intervention study was conducted in the form of a training program to increase affective commitment to 5 employees of Directorate A, Bank XYZ. The evaluation results showed a significant increase in employees' knowledge (Z = -2.03, p <0.05) before and after training. The results of level three evaluation, which was conducted after two months of training have not shown a significant increase in affective commitment (Z = -0.85, p> 0.05) nor interpersonal citizenship behavior owned by employees (Z = -1.34, p> 0,05), although behavioral assessments from colleagues and direct supervisors indicate that employees fulfill more than 90 percent of the specified behavior.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara schizotypy dan fungsi kognitif sosial, yaitu empati afektif dan Theory of Mind ToM . Penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa terdapat korelasi signifikan negatif antar individu dengan gejala schizotypy negative. Itu terbukti berkinerja lebih buruk pada empati afektif, dan berkorelasi positif secara signifikan antar orang-orang yang mendapatkan skor lebih tinggi pada schizotypy, namun memiliki Theory of Mind lebih rendah ToM . Perbedaan karakteristik schizotypal tiap individu dapat diukur dengan menggunakan Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire SPQ , yang terdiri dari 72 soal. Empati afektif diukur dengan menggunakan Empathy Quotient EQ , merupakan kuesioner laporan diri yang digunakan untuk menilai empati afektif yang terdiri dari 60 soal. Theory of Mind diukur dengan menggunakan Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test RMET yang sudah diperbaiki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gejala schizotypy negatif dan empati afektif r = -33, p.

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ABSTRACT
This study examines the association between schizotypy and social cognitive functioning, particularly affective empathy and theory of mind ToM . This study hypothesized that there is a negative significant correlation between negative schizotypy symptoms and affective empathy, and a positive significant correlation between schizotypy and theory of mind ToM . Schizotypal personality characteristic was measured using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire SPQ , which consists of X items. Affective empathy was measured using the Empathy Quotient EQ , which is a self report questionnaire consisting of X items. Theory of Mind was measured using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test RMET ndash Revised. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between negative schizotypy symptoms and affective empathy r .33, p 0.01 as well as between schizotypy and the theory of mind r .14, p 0.01 This means that the results of current study supports early researches that claimed patient who suffer from negative schizophrenia exhibited lower affective empathy compared to healthy individual. As well as higher level of schizotypy had been associated with ToM impairments. Keywords Schizotypy, affective empathy, Theory of Mind

Abstrak :
Why do some Americans oppose social distancing and lockdown policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic? This study argues that, given the current trends in affective polarization, partisanship is a factor that could influence individuals’ attitudes and behaviors toward social distancing and lockdown policies. Moreover, the effect of partisanship on individuals’ attitudes and behaviors toward social distancing and lockdown policies can be mediated by their level of trust in partisan leadership’s information. By conducting chi-square tests, t tests, and ANOVA tests on a public opinion survey implemented by the Kaiser Family Foundation during March 25th-30th, 2020, we find that being a Republican is strongly related to holding negative behaviors and attitudes toward social distancing and lockdown policies. Furthermore, by employing logistic regression, multinomial logistic regression, and causal mediation analysis, we find that Republicans have a higher likelihood of opposing social distancing and lockdown policies because they trust president Trump to provide them with reliable information on the coronavirus.

Abstrak :
Sebagai pelopor bank syariah di Indonesia, Bank XYZ sedang menghadapi penurunan kinerja bank yang memperlihatkan kurangnya komitmen karyawan terhadap organisasi. Kepemilikan pekerjaan adalah salah satu prediktor yang berhubungan dengan komitmen afektif karyawan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari Studi 1 dan Studi 2. Studi 1 berupa penelitian korelasi dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara kepemilikan pekerjaan dan komitmen afektif pada 40 karyawan di Direktorat HC Bank XYZ menggunakan kuesioner dari TCM Employee Commitment Survey yaitu Affective Commitment Subscale (Meyer & Allen, 2004) dan Job-based Psychological Ownership Scale (Brown, Pierce, & Crossley, 2014). Studi ini menunjukkan ada hubungan antara kepemilikan pekerjaan dan komitmen afektif (r=.60, p<.05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, kemudian ditindaklanjuti dengan Studi 2 yaitu pemberian program intervensi pelatihan My Job and I yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan rasa memiliki terhadap pekerjaan sehingga komitmen afektif karyawan menjadi lebih kuat. Peneliti melakukan intervensi kepada empat orang karyawan yang memiliki kepemilikan pekerjaan yang rendah. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan terkait kepemilikan pekerjaan (Z=-2.375, p<.05). Namun demikian, hasil evaluasi level tingkah laku belum menunjukkan peningkatan kepemilikan pekerjaan dan komitmen afektif yang signifikan saat sebelum dan sesudah intervensi pelatihan. 

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As a pioneer of Islamic banks in Indonesia, Bank XYZ is facing a decline in bank performance that shows a lack of employee commitment to the organization. Job ownership is one of predictors that explain relationship with affective commitment. This research consisted of two study, correlational and intervention study. Correlational study examined the relationship between job ownership and affective commitment at Human Capital Directorate Bank XYZ. This study involved 40 employees, measurement instruments used TCM Employee Commitment Survey of Affective Commitment Subscale (Meyer & Allen, 2004) and Job-based Psychological Ownership Scale (Brown, Pierce, & Crossley, 2014). Result showed the significant relationship of job ownership and affective commitment (r=.60, p<.05). Based on first study result, researcher fined an appropriate intervention called My Job and I training to increase job ownership that impacted the affective commitment enhancement. Next we conducted job ownership improvement program for the employee that has minimum score of job ownership and the one-group pre-test post-test design for the second study (intervention). Result showed a significant difference mean score in knowledge evaluation (Z=-2.375, p<.05). However, the result of behavioural evaluation have not shown significant job ownership and affective commitment before and after the intervention. 

Abstrak :
Tesis ini bertujuan menemukan penyebab utama yang mempengaruhi kinerja Rumah Sakit XYZ dan menyusun rancangan intervensi untuk mengatasinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasi adalah variabel yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab utama kinerja yang kurang maksimal di RS XYZ dikarenakan dua variabel ini memiliki korelasi dengan kinerja individu secara signifikan menurut literatur. Wawancara dan kuesioner digunakan dalam pengumpulan data. Kepuasan kerja terdiri dari sembilan dimensi, yaitu gaji, promosi, supervisi, tunjangan/manfaat, penghargaan/pengakuan, prosedur, rekan kerja, pekerjaan itu sendiri, dan komunikasi. Selain itu, dimensi pengembangan ditambahkan sebagai dimensi kepuasan kerja. Dari tiga jenis komitmen organisasi, komitmen afektif dianggap yang paling penting dan berkorelasi dengan kinerja individu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dimensi kepuasan kerja yang memiliki skor rendah dan berkorelasi dengan komitmen afektif adalah contingent rewards dan development. Dengan demikian, kedua dimensi ini yang akan diintervensi melalui sistem reward dan program pengembangan karir, dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kepuasan kerja dan komitmen afektif organisasi yang mengarah pada peningkatan kinerja individu. ......This thesis aims to find out the main causes which influence the performance of XYZ Hospital and to develop intervention programs to overcome them. This study used quantitative and qualitative method. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment were variables that were used to identify the main causes of low performance in XYZ Hospital. According to literature, those variables had significant correlations with job performance. Interviews and questionnaires were used for collecting data. Job satisfaction has nine dimensions; namely pay, promotion, supervision, fringe benefits, contingent rewards, operating procedures, co-workers, nature of work, and communication. In addition, development was added as another dimension for job satisfaction. Out of the three organizational commitment, affective commitment was considered to be the most important and had a correlation with job performance. Results showed that the dimensions of job satisfaction, namely contingent rewards and development, which had low scores and significant correlations with affective commitment, were considered. Those two variables were intervened through reward system and career development programs in order to increase employee job satisfaction and their affective commitment, which eventually will lead to increase their performance.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini berfokus pada usaha untuk meningkatkan affective commitment to change pada karyawan Teknisi melalui transformational leadership atasan di perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang solusi ketenagalistrikan. Berdasarkan penggalian data awal, masalah yang muncul adalah adanya kecenderungan normative commitment to change karyawan Teknisi dalam mematuhi peraturan kedisiplinan akibat gaya kepemimpinan yang cenderung transactional, sehingga mereka patuh hanya jika merasa diawasi dan akan menerima punishment untuk pelanggaran yang dilakukan. Peneliti mengukur korelasi antara transformational leadership dan affective commitment to change dengan 18 orang partisipan Teknisi. Alat ukur transformational leadership yang digunakan pada penelitian ini (α = 0,980) diadaptasi oleh Rubin et al. (2005) yang berdasar pada alat ukur yang dikembangkan oleh Podsakoff et al. (1996). Sementara, alat ukur affective commitment to change yang digunakan (α = 0.809) merupakan versi adaptasi dari alat ukur commitment to change yang digunakan dalam penelitian Herscovitch dan Meyer (2002). Berdasarkan uji korelasi Kendall?s Tau (τ), diperoleh koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,606 (LOS 0,01), yang menunjukkan bahwa transformational leadership atasan berhubungan secara signifikan dengan affective commitment to change karyawan. Untuk itu dilakukan sebuah intervensi berupa workshop transformational leadership untuk meningkatkan perilaku transformational atasan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan affective commitment to change pada bawahan. Peneliti melakukan evaluasi workshop level dua dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat peningkatan skor perilaku transformational atasan, meskipun tidak signifikan (Z = -1,826, p > 0,05).

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This study is focused on the effort to improve affective commitment to change among Technicians through Coordinator?s transformational leadership in a company of power solution business. Based on initial diagnosis, the existing problem can be attributed to the tendency of normative commitment to change among Technicians in complying to discipline regulation as a result of superiors? transactional leadership style, which causes Technicians comply only when they perceive as being monitored and will receive punishment for violating the regulation. The correlation between transformational leadership and affective commitment to change was measured with 18 Technicians as participants. The transformational leadership instruments used in this study (α = 0,980) was adapted by Rubin et al. (2005) based on the one developed by Podsakoff et al. (1996), while the instrument used to measure employee affective commitment to change (α = 0.809) was an adapted version from the one used in Herscovitch and Meyer?s (2002) research. Based on Kendall?s Tau (τ) correlation test, correlation coefficient of 0,606 (LOS 0,01) was found, showing that superiors? transformational leadership is significantly and positively correlated to employees? affective commitment to change. Based on this result, an intervention program was conducted in the form of transformational leadership workshop to improve superiors? transformational leadership behavior, aimed at the improvement of employee affective commitment to change. The researcher conducted a second level workshop evaluation using the Wilcoxon?s Signed-Rank Test, showing that there was an increase in superiors? transformational behavior score, but not significant (Z = -1,826, p > 0,05).

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan studi analisis tingkat komitmen manajemen dalam pelaksanaan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja di pabrik pengolahan crumb rubber di PT."X" Kalimantan Barat 2014. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap pegawai tetap pada level manajerial dan perwakilan dari pekerja di Pabrik Pengolahan Crumb Rubber PT "X" Kalimantan Barat pada bulan Maret - Juni 2014, menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan analisis kualitatif, data primer berupa wawancara mendalam, dan observasi di lapangan. Observasi dilakukan dengan melakukan cross check antara kebijakan atau prosedur perusahaan dengan implementasinya di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Dari hasil wawancara dapat disimpulkan bahwa, komitmen afektif di PT "X" sudah cukup baik karena sikap penerimaan karyawan terhadap program K3 di PT "X" sudah sangat baik, manajemen PT "X" juga selalu mengadakan training untuk pekerja baru dan refresh training untuk pekerja lama, manajemen PT "X" juga berkonsultasi pada para pekerja terkait K3 walaupun tidak melalui rapat-rapat melainkan langsung kepada karyawan di tempat, manajemen PT "X" juga sudah melakukan inspeksi dan investigasi terkait K3 secara rutin. (2) Dari hasil wawancara dapat disimpulkan bahwa Komitmen Kontinyu di PT "X" masih rendah karena tidak adanya anggaran dan SDM khusus dalam menunjang berlangsungnya K3 dalam perusahaan. Tidak adanya struktur organisasi khusus diperusahaan yang menangani program K3, semua yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan K3 itu tanggung jawab seorang personalia. Serta belum adanya evaluasi-evaluasi yang dilakukan manajemen mengenai pelaksanaan K3 selama ini. (3) Dari hasil wawancara di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa, Komitmen Normatif di PT "X" masih rendah, karena kepatuhan karyawan terhadap peraturan K3 masih rendah, tingkat pelanggaran yang dilakukan karyawan juga masih tinggi dan PT "X" belum memiliki prosedur dalam menjalankan K3 di seluruh unit kerja, yang ada hanya berupa instruksi-instruksi kerja.

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This study aims to conduct analysis of study-level management commitment to the implementation of the Occupational Health and Safety in crumb rubber processing plant in PT. "X" West Kalimantan, 2014. Study was carried out on a permanent employee at managerial level and workers representative in Crumb Rubber Processing Factory PT "X" West Kalimantan in the month of March-June 2014, the use of descriptive analytic study design with qualitative analysis approach, the primary data in the form of in-depth interviews, and observations in the field. Observations carried out by cross-checking between the policies or procedures of the company with its implementation in the field. The results showed that: (1) From the interviews it can be concluded that, affective commitment in PT "X" is good enough for acceptance to the program employees K3 PT "X" has been very good, the management of PT "X" has always held a training for new workers and training to refresh the old workers, the management of PT "X" was also consulted on the workers concerned K3 although not through meetings but directly to employees in place, the management of PT "X" has also been conducting inspections and investigations are routinely associated K3 . (2) From interviews it can be concluded that a Continuous Commitment to PT "X" is low because there has the absence of a special budget or human resources to support the company's ongoing K3. The absence of specific organizational structure in the company that handles the K3 program, all of which relate to the implementation of K3 was responsible personnel. And the lack of evaluations conducted during the management of the implementation of the K3. (3) From the interview above, it can be concluded that, Normative Commitment PT "X" is low, because the employee compliance with regulations K3 is still low, the level of offense committed employees are also still high and PT "X" does not yet have procedures in running K3 in all work units, which exist only in the form of work instructions.