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"Latar belakang masalah : Oklusi merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang dipertimbangkan dalam konstruksi gigi tiruan. Oleh karena itu perlu diperhatikan hubungan gigi geligi yang terjadi selama posisi sentrik dan eksentrik. Ada tiga hubungan gigi geligi saat gerakan excursive dan fungsional mandibula, yaitu oklusi seimbang, group function dan cuspid protected.Tujuan : Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh data distribusi frekuensi ketiga tipeoklusi tersebut pada mahasiswa program akademik Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia tahun 2005-2008 yang dilakukan pada bulan Oktober sampai November 2008 di FKG UI.Metode : Desain penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 78 orang yang diambil secara purposive sampling, berusia 17-23 tahun, yang terdiri dari 68 wanita dan 10 pria. Penilaian tipe oklusi subjek dilakukan secara visual.Hasil : Dari 78 subjek, diperoleh 4 subjek (5%) memiliki tipe oklusi seimbang, 66 subjek (85%) memiliki tipe group function, 3 subjek (4%) memiliki tipe cuspid protected, dan 5 subjek (6%) tidak termasuk ke dalam ketiga tipe oklusi tersebut.Kesimpulan : Mahasiswa program akademik Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia tahun 2005- 2008 dengan tipe oklusi group function memiliki jumlah paling banyak yaitu lebih dari setengahnya, diikuti dengan tipe oklusi seimbang dan cuspid protected.

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Background : Occlusion is one of the important factor to be considered in denture construction. Thus, it requires to understand the relationship of the teeth in centric and eccentric positions. There are three types of the relationship of the teeth on functional and excursive movement : balanced occlusion, group function and cuspid protected.Objective : This study was done to collect the data of distribution three types of occlusions on preclinical dental students of University of Indonesia, on October until November 2008 in Faculty of Dentistry.Method : The study design was descriptively on 78 subjects aged 17-23 years old, consists of 68 female and 10 male, which was taken by purposive sampling. The type of occlusion was assessed visually.Result : From 78 subjects, 4 subjects (5%) had balanced occlusion, 66 subjects (85%) had group function occlusion, 3 subjects (4%) had cuspid protected occlusion, and the rest which not included to those types of occlusion was 5 subjects (6%).Conclusion : The majority type of occlusions on preclinical dental students of University of Indonesia class 2005- 2008 was group function, followed by balanced occlusion and cuspid protected."

"Trauma oklusi adalah kerusakan jaringan periodonsium akibat tekanan oklusal yang melebihi kapasitas adaptasi jaringan periodonsium, tekanan oklusal yang menyebabkan kerusakan tersebut disebut oklusi traumatik. Oklusi traumatik banyak dijumpai di klinik Periodonsia FKG UI, tetapi prevalensi, penyebab dan pola kerusakannya belum pernah diteliti.Tujuan : mengetahui prevalensi, penyebab dan pola kerusakan akibat oklusi traumatik pada gigi-gigi anterior.Metode : data diambil dari kartu status pasien peserta PPDGS Periodonsia di RSGMP FKG UI periode 2005-2006. Dianalisa prevalensi, penyebab serta pola kerusakan akibat oklusi traumatik.Hasil : dari 207 pasien yang diperiksa, didapatkan 98 pasien (47%) atau 392 elemen gigi yang mengalami oklusi traumatik, dari jumlah tersebut 202 gigi (51.5%) adalah oklusi traumatik pada gigi anterior. Penyebab oklusi traumatik yang ditemukan yaitu hambatan oklusal pada waktu sentrik oklusi (kontak prematur) (5.9%), hambatan oklusal pada gerak artikulasi (blocking) (77.2%), palatal bite (2.5%), cross bite (0.9%), kombinasi blocking dan kontak prematur (3.9%), kombinasi blocking dan malposisi (0.5%), kombinasi blocking dan palatal bite (2.5%), kombinasi blocking, palatal bite dan crowding (0.9%), kombinasi blocking, kontak prematur dan palatal bite (0.9%), kombinasi blocking dan cross bite (0.5%), kombinasi kontak prematur dan cross bite (0.5%). Pola kerusakan yang terjadi yaitu resesi gingiva (1 mm-8 mm), kedalaman poket (1 mm-13 mm), kehilangan perlekatan epitel gingiva (1 mm-15 mm), kerusakan tulang alveolar (1/3 servikal-1/3 apikal), dan kegoyangan gigi (kegoyangan derajat 1-kegoyangan derajat 3).Kesimpulan : prevalensi penyakit periodontal akibat oklusi traumatik pada penelitian ini cukup tinggi. Pada gigi anterior, penyebab yang paling banyak adalah hambatan oklusal pada gerak artikulasi (blocking) dan kerusakan yang terjadi bervariasi dari ringan hingga berat.

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The result of the injury of periodontium tissue when the occlusal force is above the tissue adaptive capacity is called trauma from occlusion. The occlusal force that caused the injury called traumatic occlusion. Many traumatic occlusion cases are found in Periodontia Clinic FKG UI, but the prevalence, etiology and the pattern of the damages on the periodontal tissue that caused by traumatic occlusion have never been observed yet.Objective : to observe the prevalence, etiology and the pattern of the damages on the periodontal tissue that caused by traumatic occlusion in anterior teeth.Method : the data is taken from the patients medical records of the periodontist resident at RSGMP FKG UI on period of year 2005-2006. Prevalence, etiology, and the pattern of the damages on the periodontal tissue that caused by traumatic occlusion in anterior teeth was analyzed.Result : A total of 207 patients, there are 98 patients (47%) or 392 elements teeth with traumatic occlusion, which 202 elements are anterior teeth. The etiology of traumatic occlusion that found are blocking (77.2%), palatal bite (2.5%), cross bite (0.9%), combination of blocking and premature contact (3.9%), combination of blocking and malposition (0.5%), combination of blocking and palatal bite (2.5%), combination of blocking, palatal bite and crowding (0.9%), combination of blocking, premature contact and palatal bite (0.9%), combination of blocking and cross bite (0.5%), combination of premature contact and cross bite (0.5%). The pattern of the damages on the periodontal tissue that caused by traumatic occlusion such as the increase of gingival recession (1 mm-8 mm), pocket depth (1 mm-13 mm), loss of attachment (1 mm-15 mm), alveolar bone damage (1/3 cervikal-1/3 apical), and tooth mobility (1 degree-3 degree).Conclusion : based on this research, the prevalence of periodontal disease caused by traumatic occlusion is high. In anterior teeth, the most common etiology is blocking and the pattern of the damages are vary from mild to severe."

"Trauma oklusi adalah kerusakan jaringan periodonsium akibat tekanan oklusal yang melebihi kapasitas adaptasi jaringan periodonsium, tekanan oklusal yang menyebabkan kerusakan tersebut disebut oklusi traumatik. Oklusi traumatik banyak dijumpai di klinik Periodonsia FKG UI, tetapi prevalensi, penyebab dan pola kerusakannya belum pernah diteliti.Tujuan : mengetahui prevalensi, penyebab dan pola kerusakan akibat oklusi traumatik pada gigi-gigi premolar.Metode : data diambil dari kartu status pasien peserta PPDGS Periodonsia di RSGMP FKG UI periode 2005-2006. Dianalisa prevalensi, penyebab serta pola kerusakan akibat oklusi traumatik.Hasil : dari 207 pasien yang diperiksa, didapatkan 98 pasien (47%) atau 392 elemen gigi yang mengalami oklusi traumatik, dari jumlah tersebut 67 gigi (17.1%) adalah oklusi traumatik pada gigi premolar. Penyebab oklusi traumatik yang ditemukan yaitu hambatan oklusal ketika sentrik oklusi (kontak prematur) (16%), hambatan oklusal pada gerak artikulasi (blocking) (70%), bruksism (5%), kombinasi blocking, perbandingan mahkota akar tidak seimbang (PMATS) dan cross bite 2%. Pola kerusakan yang terjadi yaitu resesi gingiva (1 mm-9 mm), kedalaman poket (1 mm?12 mm), kehilangan perlekatan epitel gingiva (1 mm?16 mm), kerusakan tulang alveolar (1/3 servikal-1/3 apikal), dan kegoyangan gigi (kegoyangan derajat 1-kegoyangan derajat 3).Kesimpulan : prevalensi penyakit periodontal akibat oklusi traumatik pada penelitian ini cukup tinggi. Pada gigi premolar, penyebab yang paling banyak adalah hambatan oklusal pada gerak artikulasi (blocking) dan kerusakan yang terjadi bervariasi dari ringan hingga berat."

"Patient with severe condition which single conventional orthodontic treatment cannot be carried out, it must be considered to undergo combination treatment between orthodontic and orthognathic surgery, so that patient's complaint about aesthetic, mastication and speech function can receive better correction. The aim of performing the orthodontic treatment before orthognathic surgery is to place teeth position ideally to the bone base before correcting the abnormality of its sceletal bone. After the orthognathic surgery there is still the orthodontic treatment to be done which has the aim to achieve good teeth occlusion, inclination and angulation. if possible comparable to the conditions described by Andrew in Six Keys of Normal Occlusion."

"The purpose of this case repots are to evaluate the role of ST elevation in aVR lead and to make analysis between both cases. There are some atypical electrocardiogram (ECG) presentations which need prompt management in patient with ischemic clinical manifestation such as ST elevation in aVR lead. In this case study, we report a 68-year old woman with chief symptoms of shortness of breath and chest discomfort. She was diagnosed with cardiogenic shock, with Killip class IV, and TIMI score of 8. The second case is a 57-year-old man with typical chest pain at rest which could not be relieved with nitrate treatment. He was diagnosed with ST elevation in inferior and aVR lead, and occlusion in left circumflex artery (LCX). Both patients underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Subsequently, both cases presented remarkable clinical improvements and improved ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in aVR lead."