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"Besides providing several promises to investor, government also guaranteed ORI payment This becomes one of the attractions to investor. Nevertheless, ORI still has several risks and costs that have to be paid by investor if something goes wrong. So it will be better If future Investor studied the ORI before it becomes a costly speculative investment."

"ABSTRAKPeriode Revolusi selain berkisah seputar perang juga identik dengan masa transisi, dimana Pemerintahan Republik mulai mengambil peran dalam mengatur berbagai sendi kehidupan masyarakat. Di Malang pada masa ini muncul polemik di kalangan pemerintah mengenai penggunaan Oeang Republik Indonesia (ORI) atau uang Belanda sebagai alat tukar. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai persoalan yang muncul mengenai tarik ulur penggunaan uang sebagai alat tukar, baik dari sudut pandang pemerintah Republik, maupun pemerintah Belanda. Selama masa Revolusi, meskipun mendapat tekanan dari Belanda, Pemerintah Malang tetap bersikap tegas dalam mempertahankan ORI sebagai mata uang. Disimpulkan bahwa sikap dalam memilih ORI sebagai alat tukar merupakan bagian dari perjuangan menjaga kedaulatan Republik, selain melalui perang fisik. Sebagai bentuk perjuangan diplomasi moneter, langkah ini dapat membangkitkan semangat kebangsaan seluruh bangsa, terutama di Malang."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai akibat hukum fungsi pengawasan yang dilakukanoleh Ombudsman Republik Indonesia (ORI) dan Ombudsman Daerah Non ORI(D.I. Yogyakarta) setelah adanya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 62/PUUVIII/2010 tentang Pengujian Undang-Undang No. 37 Tahun 2008 tentangOmbudsman Republik Indonesia dan Undang-Undang No. 25 Tahun 2009 tentangPelayanan Publik. Penelitian ini adalah merupakan penelitian hukum normatifdengan melakukan penelitian terhadap data sekunder. Hasil penelitianmenyarankan bahwa perlu adanya semacam Memorandum of Understanding atauperaturan bersama untuk mencegah terjadinya tumpang tindih fungsi pengawasansetelah adanya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang tidak melarang OmbudsmanDaerah menggunakan nama Ombudsman walaupun tidak berhierarkhis denganORI.

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ABSTRACTThe focus of this study is studying end of result of supervising function ofOmbudsman Republik Indonesia (ORI) and Local Ombudsman Non ORI (D.I.Yogyakarta) after Mahkamah Konstitusi Decree No. 62/PUU-VIII/2010 regardingjudicial review Act Number 37 of 2009 about Ombudsman of Republic Indonesiaand Act Number 25 of 2009 about public services. This research is legalnormative research with an investigation by using secondary data.The result ofthis research suggested that there should be an Memorandum of Understandingbetween the related parties to prevent in overlapping in supervising after theMahkamah Konstitusi Decree which allowed local Ombudsman using a name of“ombudsman” eventhough has no hierarchial correkation with ORI."

"Tesis ini membahas langkah maju Indonesia sebagai Negara hukum dimulai setelah berakhirnya masa Orde Baru, yaitu masa reformasi, langkah - langkah perbaikan pemerintahan ditindak lanjuti pembenahan berturut ?turut dengan pembentukan Komisi Ombudsman Nasional pada tahun 2000, Ombudsman Republik Indonesia pada tahun 2008, dan disahkanya Undang - Undang nomor 25 tahun 2009 tentang Pelayanan Publik. Muatan norma yang lengkap, kemauan politik dari pemerintah dan peran serta masyarakat diharapkan akan memberi kemudahan dalam merealisasikan tujuan yang dicita - citakan oleh undang ? undang nomor 25 tahun 2009 tentang pelayanan publik.

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Forward Step of Indonesia as a rechstate began after the expiration of Orde Baru regime, at the reformasi period, the steps to improve governance reform followed up in a row with the formation of the National Ombudsman Commission in 2000, the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia in 2008, and legalization act number 25 of 2009 on Public Service. Complete norms, political will of government and the citizen participation are expected to able in the realization of the idealized goal of the act number 25 of 2009 on public service."

"Government needed more income to raise the national budget. They issued instruments to collect income from citizen through debt and foreign currency. Government released Governmental Bonds for domestic market, which sold in retail (ORI) and for international market in foreign currency. Government also presented a law execution regulation to give certainty for the consumers or the taxpayers.Governmental Regulation Number 6 which published in 2002 distinguished the tax procedure for the bonds which imposed only on transactions tradable and reportable to the stock exchange. Income derived or taken from obligation transaction should be based on a global taxation. While, for the international bonds were given the facilities by the government. We would assume that there was an inequality between the bonds for domestic market and for international market. In global taxation, we should not differentiate the income by the source.This research used a quantitative descriptive as the research method. The type and data collection techniques used (1) literature research including on various taxation regulations and another related documents and (2) field research using interviews with such related parties as tax academicians, government as issuer and regulator. They gave several opinion which created differences in equity perspective.Government figured the debt as the best instrument to raise government income. They considered that attracting foreign investor by giving them tax facility was necessary to raise the budget. They named their policy as their budgeting and regulating function. But, we should notice that domestic investor might think the inequality of the tax burden.Therefore, it was suggested to make a comprehensive and equal policy. Based on tax principle, that tax should be fair and equal. It became fair that tax imposed on the income earned from the same source (instrument) equally. If one of them was given the facility, so the other should be given the same facility."

"Latar belakang: Dukungan respiratori pada neonatus saat lahir dan stabilisasi bertujuan mencegah terjadinya hipoksia. Hingga saat ini, pemantauan status oksigenasi masih menggunakan saturasi oksigen perifer (SpO2). Akan tetapi, SpO2 dan tekanan parsial oksigen (PaO2) tidak berhubungan secara linier sehingga apabila terjadi peningkatan PaO2 >80 mmHg, maka SpO2 akan mengalami plateau >95%. Oxygen reserve index (ORI) merupakan parameter baru yang dapat menilai simpanan oksigen di jaringan. Pengaplikasian ORI diharapkan dapat melengkapi kelemahan SpO2 untuk mencegah hiperoksia. Namun, penelitian mengenai ORI pada neonatus masih sangat terbatas. Metode: Rancangan penelitan ini menggunakan analitik korelatif dengan desain penelitian potong lintang. Kriteria inklusi adalah neonatus mendapatkan dukungan respiratori dengan pemantuan SpO2 secara kontinu pada monitor >95% dan direncanakan pemeriksaan gas darah arteri. Nilai ORI diambil selama 30 menit. Setiap perubahan nilai ORI dan SpO2 dicatat dan dihitung untuk mendapatkan rerata nilai. Data diolah berdasarkan uji korelasi. Hasil: Dari 205 neonatus yang lahir/dirujuk ke Unit Neonatologi RSUPN Cipto Mangukusumo diperoleh 23 subyek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Diperoleh total 70 pengukuran dari 23 subyek. Insidens hiperoksia ditemukan pada 40 pengukuran (57%). Kekuatan korelasi antara ORI dan PaO2 diperoleh r = 0,687 dengan p <0,001. Analisis multivariat memerlihatkan apabila ORI digunakan bersama SpO2 menunjukkan hasil koefisiens determinasi yang cukup rendah (R2 adjusted = 28,4%). Nilai cut-off ORI 0,21 dapat memprediksi PaO2 >80 mmHg dengan dengan sensitivitas 82,5% dan spesifisitas 76,6%. Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara ORI dan PaO2. Pengaplikasian ORI secara klinis dapat memprediksi PaO2 pada neonatus dalam rentang hiperoksia yang tidak dapat ditunjukkan SpO2. ORI tidak dapat menggantikan SpO2.

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Background: Respiratory support in the delivery room and NICU is an effort to prevent hypoxia at birth and during stabilization. Until recently, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) is used to monitor oxygenation status non-invasively. However, the relationship between SpO2 and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) is not linear but sigmoidal. If the level of PaO2 >80 mmHg, SpO2 reaches a plateau at the range >98-100%. Oxygen reserve index (ORI) could assess oxygen reserve at the tissue level which is undetected using pulse oximetry. ORI application may complete SpO2 weakness in detecting hyperoxia. Nevertheless, studies about ORI in neonate is still limited. Method: In this cross-sectional correlational study, we included neonates receiving oxygen therapy whose SpO2 monitor continuously showed >95%. Arterial blood gas analysis was done according to the attending’s order. The ORI value was taken for 30 minutes. Any change in the ORI and SpO2 value was recorded and calculated to get an average value. Data were analyzed based on a correlation test. Result: From 205 inborn and outborn at Neonatal Unit Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, 23 subjects met the inclusion criteria. There were 70 measurements of ORI, SpO2 and PaO2 in 23 subjects. Hyperoxia was observed in 40 measurements (57%). The correlation between ORI and PaO2 was r = 0,687 (p <0,0001). Multivariate analysis showed ORI together with SpO2 has a low coefficient of determination of R2 adjusted = 28,4%. The cut-off ORI value to predict PaO2 >80 mmHg when SpO2 >95% was 0,21 with a sensitivity of 82,5% and specificity of 76,6%. Conclusion: ORI and PaO2 are significantly strongly correlated in neonates. ORI is able to predict hyperoxia that goes undetected by SpO2. However, ORI cannot replace the role of SpO2."