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Abstrak :
Pemulsaan merupakan teknik yang sering digunakan petani di Indonesia untuk mengendalikan gulma pada area penanaman. Daun ketapang gugur yang merupakan sampah masih memiliki banyak manfaat salah satunya dapat dijadikan sebagai mulsa organik untuk mengendalikan gulma. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan mulsa daun ketapang gugur dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan serta produktivitas tanaman tomat. Penelitian terdiri atas tiga perlakuan yaitu tanpa mulsa, mulsa daun ketapang, dan mulsa plastik dengan masing-masing terdiri atas empat ulangan. Tanaman tomat ditanam di bedengan selama delapan pekan pengamatan. Efektivitas penggunaan mulsa ditinjau dari parameter tanah, pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman, produktivitas tanaman tomat, dan pertumbuhan gulma. Hasil pengamatan parameter tanah seperti suhu, pH, dan kelembapan menunjukkan rerata yang cenderung seragam pada semua perlakuan. Berdasarkan uji Anova, tinggi tanaman, berat basah tanaman, dan kadar klorofil tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan. Data generatif tanaman yang diamati berupa waktu berbunga. Penggunaan mulsa daun ketapang gugur dinilai sangat efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tambahan terhadap pemanfaatan daun ketapang gugur dalam mempengaruhi produktivitas tanaman dan pengendalian gulma. ......Mulching is a technique often used by farmers in Indonesia to control weeds in planting areas. Ketapang fallen leaves which are considered as a waste still have benefit, they can be used as organic mulch to control weeds. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of using mulch of ketapang fallen leaves on weed control and tomato plant productivity. This study consisted of three treatments, without mulching, leaf mulch of Ketapang, and plastic mulch each consisting of four replications. Tomato plants were planted in raised beds for eight weeks. The effectiveness of using mulch was determined from soil parameters, vegetative growth, plant productivity, and weed growth. The observations on soil parameters such as temperature, pH, and humidity, showed average values tend to be uniform in all treatments. Based on the Anova test, vegetative growth such as plant height, fresh weight, and chlorophyll content were not significantly different. The plant productivity is measured at the time flowers appears. The use of ketapang fallen leaves as mulch is considered very effective in inhibiting weed growth. This study is expected to provide additional information on the use of ketapang fallen leaves in influencing plant productivity and weed control.

Abstrak :
Mulsa plastik telah banyak digunakan oleh petani di Indonesia dalam budidaya tanaman tomat. Penggunaan mulsa plastik dinilai efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan menghambat gulma. Namun, penggunaan mulsa plastik dalam jangka panjang dapat mencemari lingkungan karena mulsa plastik sulit terurai. Penggunaan mulsa organik dapat menjadi alternatif dalam menghambat gulma, salah satunya mulsa daun bambu. Mulsa daun bambu diketahui dapat menghasilkan senyawa alelokimia untuk menghambat gulma. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan mulsa daun bambu dalam menghambat gulma dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman tomat. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan 3 perlakuan yaitu tanpa mulsa, mulsa plastik dan mulsa daun bambu. Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas 4 plot penanaman dan masing-masing plot terdiri dari 2 tanaman tomat. Berdasarkan analisis statistik pertumbuhan tanaman tomat menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan secara signifikan pada setiap perlakuan. Sebaliknya, berdasarkan rata-rata pertumbuhan tanaman menunjukkan bahwa mulsa plastik memiliki pengaruh yang lebih baik daripada tanpa mulsa dan mulsa daun bambu. Berdasarkan analisis statistik berat basah buah dan diameter buah menunjukkan adanya perbedaan secara signifikan pada setiap perlakuan. Sedangkan, untuk parameter gulma menunjukkan bahwa pemberian mulsa memiliki rata-rata jumlah dan kerapatan gulma yang lebih rendah daripada tanpa mulsa. ......Plastic mulch has been widely used by farmers in Indonesia in cultivating tomato plants. The use of plastic mulch is considered effective in increasing plant growth and inhibiting weeds. However, the long-term use of plastic mulch can pollute the environment because plastic mulch is difficult to decompose. The use of organic mulch can be an alternative in inhibiting weeds, one of which is bamboo leaf mulch. Bamboo leaf mulch is known to produce allelochemical compounds to inhibit weeds. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of using bamboo leaf mulch in inhibiting weeds and increasing the growth of tomato plants. This research was conducted using 3 treatments, namely without mulch, plastic mulch and bamboo leaf mulch. Each treatment consisted of 4 planting plots and each plot consisted of 2 tomato plants. Based on the statistical analysis of tomato plant growth, the results showed no significant difference in each treatment. On the other hand, based on the growth rate of plants, it shows that plastic mulch has a better effect than without mulch and bamboo leaf mulch. Based on the statistical analysis of fruit wet weight and fruit diameter, there were significant differences in each treatment. Meanwhile, weed parameters showed that mulching had an average number and density of weeds lower than without mulch.

Abstrak :
Mulsa plastik telah dilaporkan sebagai metode paling efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma dan meningkatkan produksi tanaman tomat. Namun, mulsa plastik berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan, sehingga mulsa organik dianggap sebagai metode alternatif untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhan gulma. Sekam padi merupakan salah satu bahan mulsa yang menjanjikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mulsa sekam padi terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat dan pengaruhnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma. Tiga perlakuan (tanpa mulsa, mulsa sekam padi sebanyak 4 kg/m2, dan mulsa plastik) diaplikasikan pada 6 plot penanaman yang berisi 6 tanaman tomat/plot. Secara statistik mulsa sekam padi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat, ukuran buah, dan bobot buah. Sebaliknya, tanaman yang diberi mulsa plastik menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan. Terdapat indikasi tanaman yang diberi mulsa sekam padi mengalami over mulsa (overmulching) karena sebagian daun terlihat kekuningan dan terbakar. Namun, perlakuan mulsa sekam padi dianggap sama efektifnya dengan mulsa plastik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma karena kepadatan gulma turun hingga 75 %. ......Plastic mulch has been reported as the most effective method in inhibiting weeds and increasing tomato production. As plastic mulches bring adverse effect to environment, organic mulches are considered as the alternative method to control weed growth. Rice husk (RH) is one of the promising materials for mulch. This study aimed to investigate the effect of fresh RH mulch on tomato plant’s growth and its effect on inhibiting weed growth. Three treatments (without mulch, 4 kg/m2 RH mulch, and plastic mulch) were carried out in a total of 6 plots containing 6 tomato plants/plot. Statistically, RH mulch had no significant effect on tomato plant growth, fruit size, and fruit weight. In contrast, plants treated with plastic mulch showed better growth even though it was not statistically significant. There was in indication of plants treated with RH mulch experienced over mulching as some of their leaves were observed to be yellowish and burnt. However, RH mulch treatment was considered as effective as plastic mulch in inhibiting weed growth as the weed density was decreased up to 75 %.