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"This article examines multi-verb directional motion constructions in Surinamese Javanese, a heritage language undergoing structural influence from Dutch and Sranantongo. These are constructions which express 'direction away' by means of a V2 lunga 'go away'. They are more frequent - and used with more different V1s - than in Indonesian Javanese, the baseline. The frequency change is a pattern change, a result of cross-linguistic transfer from Sranantongo, in which multi-verb constructions to express 'direction away' are very frequent. The extension of the usage contexts to more V1s is a form of semantic extension, and it is the first stage of contact-induced grammaticalization. This is caused by entrenchment of the schema motion verb + away, which exists in both Dutch and Sranantongo. The meaning of the constructions is also changing: whereas in Indonesian Javanese the directional element never refers to the causee alone, it frequently does in Surinamese Javanese. Finally, some preliminary observations are made with respect to the possible development of a parallel construction expressing 'direction towards' with V2 teka 'come', modeled on the Sranantongo multi-verb constructions with V2 kon 'come'."

"ABSTRAKNovel Bingo! Karya Clark Accord mengisahkan kehidupan dua wanita imigran Suriname, yakni Leanda dan Naomi. Menceritakan bagaimana ironisnya kehidupan mereka, imigran Suriname lain, dan juga warga Belanda asli yang menggantungkan harapan pada permainan bingo. Bingo bukan hanya sebagai tempat dan permainan, melainkan menjadi motif yang seolah memaksa imigran Suriname untuk bertahan dan berintegrasi dengan masyarakat dan lingkungannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis tekstual dengan teknik pembacaan dekat untuk mengungkap bagaimana integrasi tergambar melalui novel Bingo!. Melalui pembacaan dekat menunjukkan berbagai aspek integrasi sosial terlihat melalui tokoh, alur, dan ruang dalam cerita tersebut. Bingo menjadi salah satu tuntutan para imigran Suriname dan warga asli Belanda dalam bertemu dan berintegrasi.

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ABSTRACT

Bingo! tells the story of Surinamese immigrant, namely Leanda and Naomi. Bingo! tells the irony of Surinamese immigrants, as well as native Dutch citizens lifes who pin their hopes on bingo games. Bingo is not just a place or a game, but also a motive that seems to force Surinamese immigrants to survive and integrate with the society and their environment. This research uses textual analysis with close reading techniques to reveal how integration is illustrated through Bingo!. Through a close reading shows various aspects of social integration seen through the characters, plot, and space in the story. Bingo then becomes one of the standard of way for not only Surinamese immigrants but also native Dutch citizens to socialize and integrate."