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Abstrak :
Case fatality rate penyakit stroke di RS PMI mempunyai angka tertinggi dibandingkan dengan penyakit lain pada periode tahun 1986 sampai 1988. Umur harapan hidup bangsa Indonesia masih relatif rendah yaitu 56.5 tahun (pada laki-laki) dan akan ditingkatkan menjadi 65 - 68 tahun pada tahun 2000. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi stroke pada laki-laki di RS PMI Bogor. Pencapaian obyek ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan, bahan masukan Pemerintah guna merumuskan langkah-langkah intervensi pencegahan penyakit stroke, khususnya di Bogor.

Pengumpulan data sekunder dilakukan pada bulan April - Juli 1989 pada 72 kasus stroke dan 72 kontrol (penderita the paru) mencakup periode tahun 1986 - 1988. Data yang diperoleh diolah dengan menggunakan analisa pasangan, stratifikasi, dan multiple logistic reoresion by conditional method.

Hasil penting yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa faktor hipertensi dan hiperglikemi dibuktikan mempunyai hubungan positif dengan stroke. Faktor hiperkolesterolemi tidak mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan stroke. Faktor hipertensi merupakan faktor yang paling dominan mampu menimbulkan stroke. Faktor hipertensi dan hiperglikemi ini mempunyai pengaruh dose respone terhadap stroke. Makin tinggi tensi dan kadar glukosa darah makin tinggi pula risiko stroke.

Diusulkan beberapa alternatif intervensi pencegahan penyakit stroke, di Bogor. Misalnya dengar mengadakan skrining, pengontrolan dan pelayanan penderita hipertensi dan hiperglikemi, memberikan penyuluhan rutin kepada masyarakat luas tentang bahaya hipertensi dan Cara mendapatkan pelayanan yang baik dan murah, meningkatkan ketrampilan aparat kesehatan dalam menangani kasus penyakit hipertensi dan hiperglikemi. Sasaran intervensi dalam penelitian ini terbatas pada laki-laki dengan umur 40 tahun atau lebih.

Abstrak :
Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh latihan treadmill dan program overground walking terhadap kecepatan dan kapasitas berjalan pasien strok. Disain : Pra dan pasta perlakuan dengan kelompok kontrol. Subjek : 23 orang dibagi secara random permutasi blok menjadi dua kelompok, 11 orang kelompok perlakuan dan 12 orang kelompok kontrol. Tempat : Bagian Ilmu Kedokteran Fisik dan Rehabilitasi Rumah Sakit dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) Bandung Intervensi : Kelompok perlakuan diberi latihan treadmill dan program overground walking selama 30 menit, 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu, kelompok kontrol diberi latihan jalan secepat mereka mampu selama 30 menit, 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu. Parameter : Kecepatan jalan (jarak 10 m) dalam meterldetik, kapasitas jalan (waktu tempuh 6 menit) dalam meter Hasil : Latihan treadmill dan program overground walking selama 4 minggu secara berrnakna meningkatkan kecepatan berjalan (p = 0,0227) dan kapasitas berjalan (p = 0,0148) dibandingkan kelompok kontrol pads pasien strok di RSHS, Bandung Kesimpulan : Latihan treadmill dan program overground walking meningkatkan kecepatan dan kapasitas berjalan pasien strok di RSHS, Bandung

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Objective : To know the effect of treadmill exercise and overground walking program on velocity and capacity of walking in stroke patients in dr. Hasan Sadikin hospital, Bandung Design : Pre- and post treatment with a control group. Subject : A sample of 23 ambulatory individuals after a stroke more than 3 months previously. Setting : Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Intervention : The experimental group participated in a 30-minute treadmill and overground walking program, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The control group was asked to walk at home for at least 30 minutes as fast as they can, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Parameters : Speed velocity (over distance of 10 m), speed capacity (walking time 6 minutes) Results : The 4-week treadmill and overground walking program significantly increased walking speed (p = 0,0227) and walking capacity compared with the control group. Conclusions : The treadmill and overground walking program is effective in increasing walking speed and walking capacity in stroke patients in RSHS, Bandung.

Abstrak :
LATAR EELAKANG Kejadian stroke menimbulkan kerusakan sel otak. Berbagai faktor risiko telah dikenal meliputi faktor risiko mayor dan minor. Kadar magnesium endogen sebagai salah satu faktor risiko kerusakan set otak masih belum banyak dianalisa dengan berbagai hasil penelitian yang masih kontroversial. METODE Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian prospektif longitudinal (retreated measurement design) dengan data printer diperoleh dari penderita stroke iskemik yang berobat ke RSCM yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Diagnosis stroke iskemik dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan klinis dan CT Scan atau MRI kepala. Dilakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium darah, analisa urin, EKG, dan foto thoraks pada saat masuk. Dilakukan pemeriksaan magnesium serum, plasma, eritrosit pada hari ke-2, ke-4 dan ke-7 dan skor NIHSS pada hari dan saat yang sama. HASIL Jumlah objek penelitian 53 orang. Sebagian besar rerata magnesium serum dan plasma dalam batas normal (1,4-2,0 mmEq/l) pada tiap hari pengambilan (Mg serum 67,9% - 90,6%, Mg plasma 75-5% - 88,7%) sedangkan ditemukan hipoMg eritrosit pada hari ke-4 dan ke-7 onset stroke (81,1 % dan 73,6%). Ditemukan hubungan sangat bermakna antara Mg serum dengan Mg plasma pada tiap hari pengambilan (p=0,000) dan hubungan bermakna antara Mg serum dengan Mg eritrosit (p=0,02) dan Mg plasma dan Mg eritrosit (p=0,033) pada hari ke-4. Ditemukan hubungan bermakna independen antara Mg plasma hari ke-4 dengan NIHSS hari ke-4 (p=0,005) di samping faktor risiko riwayat stroke /TIA, aritmia jantung dan hiperkoleslerolemia dengan NIHSS. KESIMPULAN Penderita iskemik serebral menunjukkan perubahan kadar Mg serum, plasma, eritrosit yang dipengaruhi berbagai faktor risiko lain dan hubungan bermakna antara kadar Mg plasma dan skor NIHSS hari ke-4. KATA KUNCI: Stroke iskemik, hipertensi, magnesium serum, plasma, eritrosit, NIHSS.

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PREFACE Stroke causes damage to brain cells. Many risk factors of stroke are known like mayor and minor risk factors. Endogen magnesium level as one of risk factor of brain cell damage is analyzed rarely with the controversially results of its studies. METHOD The design of this study was repeated measurement with its primary data were collected from ischemic stroke patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Diagnosis of stroke was made by physical exam, CT scan or head MRI and completed by blood and urine analysis, echocardiography and chest photo. Serum, plasma and erythrocyte Mg were collected on the 2nd, 4th, aid 7th days after onset and compared with NIHSS scores at the same times. RESULT There are 53 persons of subjects studied. Almost all means of the serum Mg and plasma Mg were in normal limits (1,4-2,0 mEq/l) on every days of data collection (serum Mg : 67,6%-90,6%, plasma Mg : 75,5%-88,7%), but there were erythrocyte hipoMg on the 4th and 7th days of stroke onset (81,1% and 73,6%). There were very significant relationship between serum Mg with plasma Mg (p=0,000) on every days of data collection and significant relationship between serum Mg with erythrocyte Mg (p=0,02) and plasma Mg with erythrocyte Mg (p 1,033) on the 4th day onset. There were significant independent relationship between plasma Mg on the 4th day onset with NIHSS in the same day (p=0,005), besides between the history of stroke/TIA, aritmia and hypercholesterolemia with NIHSS. CONCLUSION Cerebral ischemic patients showed changes of serum, plasma and erythrocyte Mg levels which were influenced by other risk factors and there was significant relationship between plasma Mg and NIHSS score in the 4th day.

Abstrak :
Ansietas merupakan masalah psikososial yang banyak terjadi pada klien stroke. Ansietas yang tidak ditangani dapat menjadi penyulit bagi klien untuk mengikuti program pengobatan secara efektif dan memperlambat proses pemulihan. Salah satu psikoterapi yang dapat diberikan untuk mengatasi ansietas adalah Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ACT terhadap ansietas klien stroke yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Stroke Nasional (RSSN) Bukittinggi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental pre-post test with control group. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 60 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan skor rata-rata ansietas antara kelompok yang mendapatkan ACT (intervensi) dengan kelompok yang tidak mendapatkan ACT (kontrol) p value=0,002 (P<0,05). ACT direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan sebagai terapi keperawatan untuk mengatasi ansietas pada klien stroke yang dirawat di rumah sakit umum. ...... Anxiety is a psychological problem that experienced by patients with stroke. Untreated anxiety can be a serious barrier for the patient to follow an effective treatment program and also slowing down the recovery process. One of psychotherapy that can be provided to treat anxiety is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ACT towards stroke patient's anxiety who are hospitalized at the National Stroke Hospital Bukittinggi. This study used a quasi-experimental prepost test with control group design. The research sample consisted of 60 people with consecutive sampling technique. The results of the study revealed that the significant difference of anxiety scores between the groups who received ACT (intervention) with the group without receiving ACT (control), p value=0.002 (P <0.05). ACT was recommended to be applied as a nursing therapy to overcome anxiety to the patient who are hospitalized in the general hospital.

Abstrak :
Stroke merupakan kondisi emergency yang terjadi karena iskemi serebral, dengan penurunanaliran darah dan oksigen ke jaringan serebral yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan otak yangpermanen bahkan sampai dengan kematian. Latar belakang dalam pengambilan kasusStroke dikarenakan terdapat 15 juta orang yang mengalami stroke setiap tahun danmerupakan penyebab kematian kedua diatas usia 60 tahun dan penyebab kematian kelimapada usia 15-59 tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik,tingkat kecemasan dan ketergantungan dengan penerimaan diri pasien keterbatasan gerakakibat stroke. Hasil penelitian didapatkan terdapat hubungan karakteristik usia dan tingkatkecemasan dengan penerimaan diri pasien keterbatasan gerak akibat stroke. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan Rumah Sakit umum sebagai pemberi layanan kesehatanyang berfokus pada pelayanan kesehatan fisik hendaknya juga meningkatkan layanankesehatan jiwa dalam memberika asuhan keperawatan yang komperhensif. ...... Stroke is an emergency condition that occured as the cerebral ischemic, with decreased inblood flow and oxygen to the cerebral tissues that can caused permanent brain damaged andeven up to death, basic in decision Stroke cased because there are 15 million people whosuffered stroke each year and the second leading caused of death above the age of 60 yearsand the fifth leading caused of death at the age of 15 59 years. The purpose of this study todetermine the relationship between the characteristics, the level of anxiety and selfacceptancedependence with reduced mobility as stroke patients. The results showed there arerelation characteristics of the age and level of anxiety with self acceptance limitation ofmotion in stroke patient. The results of the study recommended to general hospital as thehealth care provider that focuses on physical health services should be also improving mentalhealth services in providing a comprehensive nursing care.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan intervensi model adaptasi paska stroke serta mengidentifikasi efektifitasnya terhadap perilaku adaptasi dan kualitas hidup pasien paska stroke. Penelitian ini secara keseluruhan dilakukan dalam dua tahap. Tahap satu yaitu pengembangan model intervensi yang diawali dengan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi deskriptif tentang pengalaman pasien beradaptasi paska stroke. Model intervensi kemudian dikembangkan dengan cara mengintegrasikan tema hasil penelitian kualitatif, studi literatur, dan konsultasi pakar. Tahap kedua yaitu uji coba intervensi model untuk menentukan efektifitasnya terhadap respon adaptasi dan kualitas hidup pasien paska stroke. Penelitian tahap dua merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen menggunakan desain post test control group. Metode sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian tahap dua yaitu consecutive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 65 orang (32 orang kelompok intervensi dan 33 orang kelompok kontrol). Pembagian sampel ke dalam kelompok intervensi dan kontrol dilakukan dengan matching rumah sakit. Hasil penelitian tahap satu teridentifikasi 9 tema yang dinyatakan partisipan dan dihasilkan intervensi model adaptasi paska stroke (IMAPS) beserta perangkatnya meliputi buku panduan intervensi model, modul untuk perawat pelaksana, dan booklet untuk pasien dan keluarga. Hasil penelitian tahap dua membuktikan adanya perbedaan respon adaptasi fisiologis, adaptasi psikososial, dan kualitas hidup yang bermakna antara pengukuran 3 bulan dengan 4 bulan sesudah intervensi diantara kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian yaitu intervensi model adaptasi paska stroke efektif meningkatkan respon adaptasi fisiologis, adaptasi psikososial dan kualitas hidup paska stroke.;

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ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research was to develop intervention adaptation model for post-stroke (IMAPS) and identify its effectiveness on adaptation response and quality of life after stroke. This study conducted in two stages. The first stage was the development of intervention model that begins with a qualitative research using a descriptive phenomenological approach. Intervention model was then developed by integrating the results of qualitative research, literature review, and expert review. The second stage was examination the intervention model to identified its effectiveness on adaptation response and quality of life after stroke. This study was quasi-experimental research using post test control group design. The sampling method used in this study was consecutive sampling with a sample of 65 stroke patient (32 samples in intervention group and 33 samples in control group). Samples were allocated to intervention and control group by matching the hospital. The qualitative study identified nine theme stated by the participants. Qualitative themes serve as guidelines for developing intervention model. The first stage resulted in intervention model and its devices include intervention manual, module for nurses, and booklet for patients and their families. The second stage of research proves the significant difference in physiological and psychosocial adaptation response, and quality of life between measurements 3 months to 4 months after the intervention between groups. We conclude that IMAPS effectively improve the response of physiological and psychosocial adaptation, and quality of life after stroke;The purpose of this research was to develop intervention adaptation model for post-stroke (IMAPS) and identify its effectiveness on adaptation response and quality of life after stroke. This study conducted in two stages. The first stage was the development of intervention model that begins with a qualitative research using a descriptive phenomenological approach. Intervention model was then developed by integrating the results of qualitative research, literature review, and expert review. The second stage was examination the intervention model to identified its effectiveness on adaptation response and quality of life after stroke. This study was quasi-experimental research using post test control group design. The sampling method used in this study was consecutive sampling with a sample of 65 stroke patient (32 samples in intervention group and 33 samples in control group). Samples were allocated to intervention and control group by matching the hospital. The qualitative study identified nine theme stated by the participants. Qualitative themes serve as guidelines for developing intervention model. The first stage resulted in intervention model and its devices include intervention manual, module for nurses, and booklet for patients and their families. The second stage of research proves the significant difference in physiological and psychosocial adaptation response, and quality of life between measurements 3 months to 4 months after the intervention between groups. We conclude that IMAPS effectively improve the response of physiological and psychosocial adaptation, and quality of life after stroke, The purpose of this research was to develop intervention adaptation model for post-stroke (IMAPS) and identify its effectiveness on adaptation response and quality of life after stroke. This study conducted in two stages. The first stage was the development of intervention model that begins with a qualitative research using a descriptive phenomenological approach. Intervention model was then developed by integrating the results of qualitative research, literature review, and expert review. The second stage was examination the intervention model to identified its effectiveness on adaptation response and quality of life after stroke. This study was quasi-experimental research using post test control group design. The sampling method used in this study was consecutive sampling with a sample of 65 stroke patient (32 samples in intervention group and 33 samples in control group). Samples were allocated to intervention and control group by matching the hospital. The qualitative study identified nine theme stated by the participants. Qualitative themes serve as guidelines for developing intervention model. The first stage resulted in intervention model and its devices include intervention manual, module for nurses, and booklet for patients and their families. The second stage of research proves the significant difference in physiological and psychosocial adaptation response, and quality of life between measurements 3 months to 4 months after the intervention between groups. We conclude that IMAPS effectively improve the response of physiological and psychosocial adaptation, and quality of life after stroke]

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu di Indonesia. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas, prevalensi kejadian stroke berdasarkan diagnosis tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan dari 8,3? pada tahun 2007 menjadi 12,1? pada tahun 2013. Provinsi Sulawesi Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi yang mengalami kenaikan prevalensi yang tinggi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko yang berhubungan kejadian stroke pada penduduk usia ≥ 15 Tahun di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat tahun 2007 dan 2013. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis dari Riskesdas 2007 dan Riskesdas 2013 yang menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah penduduk provinsi Sulawesi Barat yang berusia ≥ 15 tahun yang berhasil diwawancarai sebagai sampel Riskesdas 2007 dan/atau Riskesdas 2013 dan memiliki data variabel penelitian yang lengkap. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stroke pada tahun 2007 adalah usia, hipertensi, dan aktivitas fisik sedangkan pada tahun 2013 yaitu usia, hipertensi, obesitas, obesitas sentral dan aktivitas fisik.

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ABSTRACT
Stroke is leading cause of death in Indonesia. According to Riskesdas, prevalence of stroke based on health workers diagnosis in Indonesia has increased from 8,3? in 2007 became 12,1? in 2013. West Sulawesi is one of province that has biggest increasing of stroke prevalence in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the risk factor that have relationship of stroke cases among population aged ≥ 15 years old in West Sulawesi in 2007 and 2013. This study using cross-sectional design. The participants were member of population of ≥ 15 years old in West Sulawesi who had complete variable data needed. The result showed that the risk factor that have relationship with stroke cases in 2007 are age, hypertension, and physical activity. In 2013, are age, hypertension, obesity, abdominal obesity, and physical activity.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Stroke merupakan penyakit yang memiliki perbedaan karakteristik antara pria dan wanita. Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan jenis kelamin dengan fungsi kognitif yang dinilai menggunakan uji Montreal Cognitive Assesment versi Indonesia MoCA-Ina pada pasien stroke fase subakut dan kronik di Departemen Rehabilitasi Medik RSCM, dengan melakukan kontrol terhadap variabel perancu berupa tingkat pendidikan dan usia. Metode: Penelitian merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 34 subjek, diperoleh melalui teknik consecutive sampling. Analisis bivariat uji Mann-Whitney dan uji korelasi Pearson dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antarvariabel, dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis multivariat regresi linier. Hasil: Berdasarkan uji Mann-Whitney diperoleh nilai p hubungan jenis kelamin dan tingkat pendidikan dengan skor MoCA-Ina sebesar 0,103 dan 0,076. Nilai korelasi hubungan usia dengan skor MoCA-Ina berdasarkan uji korelasi Pearson sebesar r=0,135 p=0,447 . Persamaan regresi skor MoCA-Ina=21,268-3,620 Wanita 3,762 Pendidikan Tinggi R2=8,6 . Perbedaan rerata skor MoCA-Ina antara pria dan wanita setelah dilakukan kontrol variabel tingkat pendidikan adalah sebesar -3,620 IK95 =-8,928-1,058 , namun secara statistik tidak bermakna p=0,125. Diskusi: Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada fungsi kognitif yang dinilai menggunakan MoCA-Ina antara pasien stroke sub-akut dan kronik pria dan wanita. ...... Background: Stroke is a disease with different characteristics between men and women. Objective: This study aims to determine the age and level of education adjusted relationship between gender and cognitive function which is assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment in sub acute and chronic stroke patients in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine RSCM. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional design. 34 subjects were selected as samples with consecutive sampling method. Mann Whitney test and Pearson's correlation test were used in to determine the bivariate relationships between the variables, proceeded by a multivariate linear regression analysis. Results: Based on the Mann Whitney test, the p value of the relationship between gender and the level of education and MoCA Ina score were p 0,103 and p 0,076 respectively. Correlation value between age and MoCA Ina score was r 0,135 p 0,447. The regression equation generated was MoCA Ina score 21,268 3,620 Women 3,762 Higher Education R2 8,6. The mean difference of MoCA Ina score between men and women stroke patients after adjusting for age and level of education was 3,620 CI 95 8,928 1,058, but it was statistically insignificant p 0,125. Discussion: There was no significant difference in the cognitive function which is assessed by MoCA Ina between the male and female sub acute and chronic stroke patients.