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Abstrak :
Di Indonesia proporsi Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) <2500 gram pada bayi umur 0-59 bulan masih cukup tinggi, yaitu 6,2% di tahun 2013-2018. Padahal kondisi BBLR memiliki risiko lebih besar untuk mengalami morbiditas dan mortalitas dari pada bayi dengan berat badan normal. Salah satu masalah terbesar yang sering dialami BBLR adalah peningkatan risiko untuk terserang infeksi maupun sepsis, sehingga obat yang paling banyak digunakan di unit perawatan intensif neonatus adalah dari golongan antibiotik. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukannya peran Apoteker dalam melakukan praktik profesi berupa Pemantauan Terapi Obat (PTO) dalam proses pengobatan agar dapat membantu dalam mengoptimalkan efek terapi dan meminimalkan efek yang tidak dikehendaki sehingga prognosisnya dapat menjadi lebih baik. Pelaksanaan PTO dilakukan pada tanggal 15-24 September 2020 bertempat di ruang perinatologi 2B di gedung bougenville RSUP Fatmawati berdasarkan laporan kasus yang bersifat kualitatif dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung atau observasi. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diidentifikasi terkait Drug Related Problems (DRPs) menurut Cipolle dan dianalisis rasionalitasnya pada domain antibiotik dengan metode Gyssens. Dari analisa yang dilakukan ditemukan beberapa masalah DRP menurut Cipolle yaitu terkait lama pemberian obat meropenem yang terlalu panjang; pemberian dosis yang terlalu rendah pada obat fluconazole dan ketorolac; pemilihan obat bactesyn yang tidak rasional; adanya interaksi obat fluconazole dengan omeprazole yang bersifat moderat, serta interaksi obat gentamicin dengan bactesyn yang bersifat minor jika digunakan secara bersamaan. Sementara hasil evaluasi menggunakan metode Gyssens pada penggunaan antibiotik menunjukkan obat meropenem termasuk kategori IIIa (penggunaan antibiotik terlalu lama); gentamicin termasuk kategori 0 (penggunaan antibiotika tepat/bijak); bactesyn termasuk katagori IVa (ada antibiotik lain yang lebih efektif) dan katagori IIa (penggunaan antibiotik tidak tepat dosis) apabila tetap dipertahankan penggunaannya. ......In Indonesia, the proportion of Low Birth Weight Babies (LBW) <2500 grams in infants aged 0-59 months is still quite high at 6.2% in 2013-2018. In fact, LBW conditions have a greater risk of experiencing morbidity and mortality than babies with normal weight. One of the biggest problems that are often experienced by LBW is the increased risk for infection and sepsis, so the most widely drugs used in neonatal intensive care units are from the antibiotic class. Therefore, a pharmacist's role is needed in carrying out professional practice with Drug Therapy Monitoring (DTM) in order to help optimize the effect of therapy and minimize unwanted effects, so the prognosis can be better. The implementation of DTM was carried out on September 15-24, 2020 at the perinatology room 2B in the bougenville building of RSUP Fatmawati based on qualitative case reports by direct observation. Then the data was identified using the Drug Related Problems (DRPs) classification according to Cipolle and analyzed their rationality in the antibiotic domain using the Gyssens method. From the analysis conducted, it was found that several DRP problems were related to the the long duration of administration of meropenem; too low a dose of fluconazole and ketorolac; irrational choice of bactesyn; There is a moderate drug interaction between fluconazole and omeprazole, as well as a minor drug interaction between gentamicin and bactesyn when used concurrently. Meanwhile, the results of the evaluation using the Gyssens method on antibiotic use showed that meropenem was included in category IIIa (the use of antibiotic is too long); gentamicin was included in category 0 (the use of antibiotics is appropriate/wise); bactesyn was included category IVa (there are other antibiotics that are more effective) and category IIa (the use of antibiotics is not in the right dose) if its use is maintained.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Pengambilan darah vena merupakan prosedur yang menimbulkan nyeri pada bayi berat lahir rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi perbandingan antara Perawatan Metode Kanguru dan pemberian empeng terhadap respon nyeri selama pengambilan darah vena. Desain penelitian adalah eksperimen acak terkontrol pada 21 bayi berat lahir rendah dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Penilaian respon nyeri menggunakan instrumen Premature Infant Pain Profile. Analisis uji t independen menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna rerata respon nyeri pada kelompok Perawatan Metode Kanguru (rerata = 8,94) dan pemberian empeng (rerata = 5,08) dengan p value = 0,005. Pemberian empeng dapat dijadikan sebagai intervensi keperawatan dalam asuhan atraumatik saat prosedur invasif minor.

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ABSTRACT
Venous blood collection is the procedures which cause pain on low birth weight infants. This study aimed to identify the comparison between Kangaroo Mother Care and pacifier for pain response during venous blood collection. The research design was randomized controlled trial on 21 low birth weight infants with consecutive sampling. Pain response was assessed by Premature Infant Pain Profile instrument. Independent t-test analysis showed that there were significant differences in mean pain response between Kangaroo Mother Care group (mean = 8.94) and pacifier group (mean = 5.08) with p value = 0.005. Pacifier can be used as a nursing intervention in atraumatic care with minor painful procedures, Venous blood collection is the procedures which cause pain on low birth weight infants. This study aimed to identify the comparison between Kangaroo Mother Care and pacifier for pain response during venous blood collection. The research design was randomized controlled trial on 21 low birth weight infants with consecutive sampling. Pain response was assessed by Premature Infant Pain Profile instrument. Independent t-test analysis showed that there were significant differences in mean pain response between Kangaroo Mother Care group (mean = 8.94) and pacifier group (mean = 5.08) with p value = 0.005. Pacifier can be used as a nursing intervention in atraumatic care with minor painful procedures]

Abstrak :

Abstrak

Bayi berat lahir rendah yang dirawat terpapar dengan berbagai kondisi yang menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan, sehingga dapat memicu respon stres dan gangguan pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh stimulus auditori murottal Qur’an terhadap kenyamanan dan berat badan pada BBLR. Desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan uji klinis dengan randomisasi yaitu single blind randomized controlled trial secara paralel pada kelompok intervensi dan kontrol dengan melibatkan 52 responden BBLR sesuai kriteria inklusi (masing-masing kelompk 26 responden). Intervensi murottal Qur’an diberikan melalui speaker selama 20 menit/3 jam dengan frekuensi 4 kali setiap hari. Intervensi dilakukan selama 3 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna kenyamanan BBLR setelah intervensi murottal Qur’an hari pertama, hari kedua, dan hari ketiga antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (p=0,014; <0,001; <0,001) dan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna berat badan setelah intervensi murottal Qur’an hari pertama, hari kedua, dan hari ketiga antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (p=0,481; 0,481; 0,464). Stimulus auditori murottal Qur’an dapat membantu meningkatkan kenyamanan pada BBLR yang menjalani perawatan di rumah sakit sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai terapi suportif untuk meningkatkan  asuhan perawatan perkembangan pada BBLR dan prematur.

Kata kunci: Murottal Qur’an, Kenyamanan, Berat Badan, Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah    

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Abstract

Low birth weight infants who hospitalized with various conditions which provoke discomfort. This discomfort could trigger stress and growth faltering. This study aimed to determine the influence of holy Qur’an recitation as auditory stimulus toward comfort and weight in low birth weight infants. This study design used clinical test approach with single blind randomized controlled trial in parallel among intervention and control groups with 52 low birth weight infants. The infants were randomly divided in two groups (n=26). Holy Qur’an recitation had given through speaker for 20 minutes/ 3 hours, 4 times a day. Intervention had given for 3 days. Result of this study showed there is significant difference in comfort of low birth weight infant after got holy Qur’an recitation in first, second, third days among intervention and control groups (p=0.014; <0.001; <0.001) and there is no significant difference in weight gain in first, second, and third days among intervention and control groups (p=0.481; 0.481; 0.464). Holy Qur’an recitation can help improve comfort level in low birth weight infants who hospitalized. Holy Qur’an recitation can used as a supportive therapy for increasing nursing care in development among low birth weight infants and premature infants.

Key Words: Holy Qur’an recitation, Comfort, Weight gain, Low birth weight infants

Abstrak :
Pemantauan Terapi Obat pada Neonatus Kurang Bulan, Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah, dan Sepsis di Ruang Neonatus Intensive Care Unit (NICU) RSUP Fatmawati Bulan September 2020. ......Neonates, especially preterm infants have weak physical defenses and immature immune function, making them susceptible to bacterial invasion. One of the efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which is to reduce the incidence of neonatal mortality to 12 per 1,000 live births, it is necessary to collaborate between health workers in treating patients. Pharmacists in hospitals need to carry out their roles, one of which is by monitoring the therapy given. Data were collected directly by looking at the cardex and patient's medical records with the following criteria: less-month neonatal patients, receiving polypharmacy, patients with antibiotic therapy, and length of stay in the hospital ≥5 days. The data obtained were analyzed using the SOAP method and identified problems related to drugs. From the Monitoring of Drug Therapy (PTO), it was found that drug-related problems that occurred were dose mismatches and frequency mismatches, and analysis of the evaluation of antibiotic administration (EPA) with the Gyssens method found that the use of antibiotics was found in category IIIa, namely giving meropenem too long and category IIa, which was not the right dosage.

Abstrak :
Komplikasi persalinan merupakan penyebab langsung kematian ibu. Berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) terus menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat global. Kunjungan antenatal menjadi faktor penting terjadinya komplikasi persalinan dan BBLR. Penelitian kunjungan antenatal, komplikasi persalinan, dan BBLR banyak dilakukan dengan beragam metode statistik. Tujuan penelitian menghasilkan evidence based recommendation kepada pemegang program berdasarkan perbandingan hasil analisis tiga alternatif pilihan metode statistik tentang pengaruh kunjungan antenatal terhadap komplikasi persalinan dan BBLR. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Sumber data berasal dari Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017. Sampel penelitian sebagian wanita usia subur berusia 15-49 tahun yang melahirkan anak terakhir dalam 5 tahun terakhir sebanyak 12.035 responden. Variabel dependen: komplikasi persalinan dan BBLR, variabel independen: kunjungan antenatal. Analisis data menggunakan regresi logistik, cox, dan poisson dengan varians robust. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi komplikasi persalinan (47,40%) dan BBLR (6,56%). Kunjungan antenatal terbukti secara statistik berpengaruh terhadap komplikasi persalinan dan BBLR di Indonesia. Wanita yang melakukan kunjungan antenatal <8 kali berisiko 1,2 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami komplikasi persalinan dan berisiko 5,48 kali lebih besar untuk melahirkan bayi BBLR dibandingkan dengan wanita yang melakukan kunjungan ≥8 kali, persebaran dan kualitas sesuai. Berdasarkan perbandingan dari ketiga metode statistik, pada komplikasi persalinan sebagai contoh kasus dengan prevalensi tinggi, regresi cox maupun poisson dengan varians robust merupakan alternatif pilihan metode statistik yang lebih baik dibanding regresi logistik. Ukuran asosiasi PR lebih tepat digunakan daripada OR karena tidak overestimate. Sementara pada BBLR sebagai kasus dengan prevalensi rendah, ukuran asosiasi PR maupun OR dapat digunakan keduanya karena menghasilkan nilai yang hampir sama. ......Childbirth complications are a direct cause of maternal death. Low birth weight (LBW) continues to be a global public health problem. The antenatal care visits is an important factor in occurrence of birth complications and LBW. Research on the frequency of antenatal visits, birth complications, and LBW has been carried out using various statistical methods. The purpose of the study is to produce evidence-based recommendations for the program based on a comparison of the results of the analysis of three alternative statistical methods for Indonesia regarding the influence of the of antenatal visits on birth complications and LBW. This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. The data comes from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS). The sample of this study included 12,035 respondents of women of childbearing aged 15-49 years who gave birth to their last child in the last 5 years. Dependent variables: birth complications and LBW, independent variables: frequency of antenatal care. Data analysis uses logistic regression, Cox, and Poisson regression with robust variance. The results showed that the prevalence of birth complications (47.40%) and LBW (6.56%). The antenatal care visits had been statistically proven to influence childbirth complications and LBW in Indonesia. Women who had <8 antenatal visits had a 1.2 times greater risk of experiencing birth complications and a 5.48 times greater risk of giving birth to an LBW baby compared to women who had ≥8 visits, appropriate of distribution and quality of antenatal care. Based on a comparison of the three statistical methods, for childbirth complications as an example of cases with high prevalence, Cox or Poisson regression with robust variance is a better alternative choice of statistical method than logistic regression. The PR measure of association is more appropriate to use than OR because it does not overestimate. Meanwhile, for LBW as a case with low prevalence, both PR and OR association measures can be used because they produce almost the same values.