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Abstrak :
Kandungan rhaponticin, suatu senyawa stilben, dalam akar tanaman kelembak (Rheum officinale Baill.) telah diketahui dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol plasma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek penurunan kadar lipid plasma dari ekstrak etanol 70% akar tanaman kelembak berdasarkan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, HDL, dan LDL pada tikus betina yang diovariektomi. Dalam penelitian, 30 ekor tikus betina diovariektomi dan 6 ekor tikus betina dilakukan pembedahan tanpa ovariektomi. Tikus-tikus tersebut kemudian dibagi dalam 6 kelompok. Kelompok 1 adalah kontrol negatif yang mendapatkan CMC 0,5%, kelompok 2 sebagai kontrol positif mendapatkan Tamoksifen Sitrat dengan dosis 0,4 mg/200 g BB tikus, kelompok 3, 4, dan 5 adalah kelompok yang mendapatkan ekstrak etanol 70% akar tanaman kelembak dengan dosis berturut-turut 7 ; 35; dan 175 mg/200 g BB tikus yang disuspensikan dalam CMC 0,5%, dan kelompok 6 sebagai kelompok sham diberikan CMC 0,5%. Pemberian perlakuan dimulai pada hari ke-21 pascaovariektomi selama 28 hari. Setelah perlakuan, tikus diambil sampel darah untuk pemeriksaan kadar lipid dan kemudian dikorbankan dan diukur berat uterusnya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol 70% akar tanaman kelembak dapat menurunkan kadar lipid plasma pada kondisi tikus menopause. ...... The content of rhaponticin a stilbene compound of Kelembak plant’s root (Rheum officinale Baill.) has known can lower plasma lipid level. This study aimed to determined the lowering effect in plasma lipid level of 70% ethanolic extract of Kelembak plant’s root based on the level of total cholesterol, trygliceride, HDL, and LDL of female ovariectomized rats. In this study, ovariectomy conducted on 30 female rats and surgery withouth ovariectomy on 6 others female rats. These rats were divided into 6 groups. Group 1 is negative control group which received 0,5%, CMC group 2 as positive control group received a dose of Tamoksifen Sitrat of 0,4 mg/200 g BW of rats, group 3,4, and 5 are groups who received 70% ethanolic extracts suspended in 0,5% CMC with successive doses 7 mg ; 35 mg; and 175 mg/200 g BW of rats, and group 6 as sham group given 0,5% CMC. Provison of the treatment started at day-21 after ovariectomy and given treatment for 28 days. After treatment, blood of rats were collected then used for measurement of plasma lipid level. The rats were sacrificed and uterine weight were measured. This study showed that administration of 70% ethanolic extracts of Kelembak root lowered plasma lipid level on menopause rats.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan determinandeterminan terkait profil lipid darah berdasarkan data Riskesdas tahun 2013 pada kelompok umur 18-59 tahun. Desain penelitian Cross Sectional dengan sampel 21.055 orang. Data dianalisis dengan analisis multivariat Regresi Logistik Berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, obesitas sentral, merokok, dan aktivitas fisik berhubungan dengan kadar kolesterol total. Jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, merokok, aktivitas fisik, pola konsumsi makanan berlemak/berkolesterol/gorengan, dan konsumsi kopi berhubungan dengan kadar kolesterol HDL. Umur, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, obesitas sentral, merokok, dan aktivitas fisik berhubungan dengan kadar kolesterol LDL. Umur, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, obesitas sentral, merokok, stres, dan pola konsumsi kopi berhubungan dengan kadar trigliserida. Umur menjadi determinan utama pada kadar kolesterol total, kadar kolesterol LDL, dan kadar trigliserida. Sedangkan determinan utama pada kadar kolesterol HDL adalah obesitas sentral. Disarankan kepada masyarakat usia 18-59 tahun untuk menjaga gizi seimbang, meningkatkan aktivitas fisik, dan berhenti merokok untuk menjaga agar terhindar dari obesitas sentral yang berdampak kepada profil lipid darah tidak normal. ...... This study was conducted to determine the association between determinants of blood lipid profiles based on Riskesdas? data in 2013. This study used the cross sectional design methodology and 21.055 samples. Data analyzed by multivariate analysis Multiple Logistic Regression. The result of the statistical analysis is concluded that there is significant association of age, sex, marital status, central obesity, smoking, and physical activity with total cholesterol levels. And there are association of sex, marital status, smoking, physical activity, consumption of fatty foods, and coffee consumption with HDL cholesterol. And determinants of age, sex, marital status, central obesity, smoking, and physical activity associated with LDL cholesterol. And determinants of age, sex, marital status, central obesity, smoking, stress, and coffee consumption associated with triglyceride levels. Age becomes a major determinant on total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. While, the main determinant in HDL cholesterol levels is central obesity. This research suggested to people 18-59 years old to maintain balanced nutrition, increase physical activity, and stop smoking which can avoid from central obesity that can abnormal blood lipid profile.

Abstrak :
Dermatitis seboroik (DS) merupakan penyakit inflamasi kulit kronis pada area yang banyak mengandung kelenjar sebasea, terutama area skalp, yang ditandai plak eritematosa dan skuama. Lipid darah diduga dapat memengaruhi derajat keparahan DS. Penelitian sebelumnya di berbagai negara tentang kadar lipid darah pada pasien DS menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data kadar profil lipid darah pasien DS pada skalp serta melakukan analisis korelasi kadar profil lipid darah dengan derajat keparahan DS pada skalp. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-analitik dengan desain potong-lintang. Tiga puluh pasien DS pada skalp usia 18–59 tahun yang memenuhi kriterian penerimaan dan penolakan direkrut dalam penelitian ini. Penilaian derajat keparahan penyakit menggunakan skor modifikasi Seborrheic Dermatitis Area Severity Index (SDASI) dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar lipid darah yang mencakup kadar trigliserida, kolesterol total, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), dan high-density lipoproteins(HDL). Median kadar trigliserida adalah 83 mg/dL, rerata kadar kolesterol total adalah 175,53 mg/dL, rerata kadar LDL adalah 114,77 mg/dL, dan median kadar HDL adalah 45,50 mg/dL. Berdasarkan analisis Pearson, tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar trigliserida dengan derajat keparahan DS pada skalp (r=0,291; p=0,119). Terdapat korelasi positif kuat yang bermakna antara kadar kolesterol total dengan derajat keparahan DS pada skalp (r=0,860; p<0,001).Terdapat korelasi positif sangat kuat yang bermakna antara kadar LDL dengan derajat keparahan DS pada skalp (r=0,980; p<0,001). Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar HDL dengan derajat keparahan DS pada skalp (r=-0,068; p=0,723). ......Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in sebaceous glands rich area, especially the scalp area, which is characterized by erythematous plaques and scales. Blood lipids are thought to affect the severity of SD. Previous studies in various countries about blood lipid levels in SD patients showed varying results. This study aims to know the levels of blood lipid profile in patients suffering scalp SD, also to analyze its correlation with the severity of scalp SD. This is an analytic-descriptive cross-sectional study. Thirty scalp SD patients age 18–59 years old who meet all inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited in this study. Assessment of the disease severity using modified Seborrheic Dermatitis Area Severity Index (SDASI) score and measurements of blood lipid levels which include triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) levels were performed. Median triglyceride level was 83 mg/dL, mean total cholesterol level was 175.53 mg/dL, mean LDL level was 114.77 mg/dL, and median HDL was 45.50 mg/dL. Based on Pearson analysis, there was no correlations between triglyceride levels and scalp SD severity (r=0.291; p=0.119). There was a significant strong positive correlation between total cholesterol levels and scalp SD severity (r=0.860; p<0.001). There was a significant very strong positive correlation between LDL levels and scalp SD severity (r=0.980; p<0.001). There was no correlations between HDL levels and scalp SD severity (r=-0.068; p=0.723).

Abstrak :
Dislipidemia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko utama penyakit kardiovaskular. Menurut Riskesdas 2018, prevalensi dislipidemia di Indonesia tergolong tinggi. Data terkait penduduk Indonesia berumur ≥15 tahun menunjukkan bahwa 28,8% memiliki kadar kolesterol total ≥200mg/dL, 24,3% memiliki kadar HDL ≤40mg/dL, 73,8% memiliki kadar LDL ≥100mg/dL, dan 27,9% memiliki kadar trigliserida ≥150mg/dL. Perilaku sedenter seperti duduk sering dihubungkan dengan kejadian dislipidemia. Selama masa pandemi, durasi duduk pada pekerja meningkat akibat kebijakan WFH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh durasi duduk harian terhadap profil lipid pada pekerja di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan data sekunder hasil pengisian kuesioner dan pemeriksaan kesehatan dari kegiatan Posbindu PTM pada pekerja di salah satu institusi pendidikan negeri di DKI Jakarta. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 295 pekerja berusia 21–58 tahun yang terdiri dari 114 laki-laki dan 181 perempuan. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa durasi duduk harian, jenis kelamin, usia, dan IMT memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan profil lipid (berturut-turut p=0,010, p=0,000, p=0,000, p=0,027). Hasil analisis multivariat regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap profil lipid adalah jenis kelamin (p=0,000) dan usia (p=0,002). Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa durasi duduk harian tidak berpengaruh terhadap profil lipid pada pekerja di masa pandemi COVID-19. ......Dyslipidemia is one of the main risk factors of cardiovascular disease. According to Riskesdas 2018, the prevalence of dyslipidemia in Indonesia is relatively high. Data regarding Indonesian population aged ≥15 years showed that 28,8% had total cholesterol level ≥200mg/dL, 24,3% had HDL-C level ≤40mg/dL, 73,8% had LDL-C level ≥100mg/dL, dan 27,9% had triglyceride level ≥150mg/dL. Sedentary behavior like sitting is widely associated with dyslipidemia. During the pandemic, there is an increase in sitting time of workers due to WFH policy. This study aims to determine the effect of daily sitting time on lipid profile of workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a cross-sectional design using secondary data obtained through questionnaires and health assessments from PTM Posbindu activities for workers at one of public educational institutions in DKI Jakarta. The subjects of this research were 295 workers aged 21–58 years consisting of 114 men and 181 women. The results of bivariate analysis showed that daily sitting time, gender, age, and BMI had a significant association with lipid profile (p=0.010, p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.027 respectively). The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the most influential variables on lipid profile were gender (p=0.000) and age (p=0.002). Thus, it can be concluded that daily sitting time has no effect on the lipid profile of workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstrak :
This book will review old and new methods to study emulsion stability and structure. Examples of emulsion-based foods include ice cream, yoghurt, and mayonnaise. Several techniques are used to study the physical behavior and structure of emulsions. More recently, other techniques, such as ultrasound profiling, microscopy, droplet size distribution, and measurement of surface concentration to characterize adsorbed protein at the interface, have also been employed. Some of these techniques, such as droplet size distribution, involve some form of dilution. However, dilution disrupts some structures that play an important role in stability. The ability to study the stability of food emulsions in their undiluted form may reveal subtle nuances about their stability. Diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS), laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and Turbiscan are among the more powerful, non-perturbing techniques used to characterized emulsions.