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Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Kekurangan zat besi adalah kekurangan zat gizi mikro yang paling sering terjadi pada anak di bawah usia lima tahun. Anemia pada balita di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat. Kekurangan vitamin C dapat menyebabkan IDA. Lingkungan rumah merupakan faktor penting dalam menentukan asupan gizi anak, karena 65 hingga 72% kalori harian dikonsumsi di rumah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan aspek fisik dan sosial lingkungan makanan rumah dengan asupan zat besi dan vitamin C pada anak usia 2-6 tahun di Pejagalan. Metode: Penelitian observasional ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional untuk mengumpulkan data sekunder dari 191 ibu dan anak di Pejagalan, Jakarta Utara. Wawancara dengan kuesioner standar digunakan untuk menentukan asupan zat besi dan vitamin C anak-anak. Kuesioner Perilaku Konsumen mengevaluasi lingkungan makanan rumah (CBQ). SPSS Versi 20 digunakan untuk korelasi Spearman dan regresi linier berganda.. Hasil: Konsumsi zat besi dan vitamin pada anak-anak lebih rendah dari asupan harian yang direkomendasikan (RDI) untuk Indonesia. Ditemukan bahwa mereka yang memiliki akses ke lebih banyak buah dan sayuran juga mengonsumsi lebih banyak zat besi dan vitamin C. Hubungan antara memantau praktik pemberian makan (p=0.024, p=0.035) dan peningkatan konsumsi zat besi dan vitamin C ditemukan. Buah, sayur, manisan, dan SSB meningkatkan asupan zat besi. Ketersediaan buah dan aksesibilitas buah (p<0.05) berhubungan dengan asupan vitamin C. Memantau perilaku makan (p=0.017) merupakan satu-satunya faktor sosial yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi zat besi dan vitamin C. Kami tidak menemukan korelasi antara konsumsi zat besi dan faktor fisik dan sosial, perilaku makan anak, atau sosiodemografi. Kesimpulan: Hanya Memantau kebiasaan makan responden mempengaruhi asupan vitamin C mereka. Peran orang tua dalam pemberian makan sangat penting dalam memastikan bahwa anak-anak mengkonsumsi makanan dalam jumlah yang cukup. Ini melibatkan pemantauan praktik makan untuk meningkatkan asupan mikronutrien anak-anak ......Background: Iron deficiency (ID) is the most frequent micronutrient deficiency in children under the age of five. Anemia among children under five years old is increasing year on year in Indonesia. Vitamin C insufficiency can induce IDA. The home environment is a critical factor in determining a child's nutritional intake, as 65 to 72% of daily calories are consumed at home. Therefore, this study aimed to assess correlation between physical and social aspects of home food environment with iron and vitamin C intake in children aged 2-6 years in Pejagalan. Methods: This observational study used a cross-sectional approach to collect secondary data from 191 mothers and children in a North Jakarta slum. Interviews with standardized questionnaires were used to determine children's iron and vitamin C intake. Consumer Behavior Questionnaire evaluated home food environment (CBQ). SPSS Version 20 was used for Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression. Result: Iron and vitamin consumption in children was lower than the recommended daily intake (RDI) for Indonesia. It was shown that those who had access to more fruits and vegetables also consumed more iron and vitamin C. A correlation between monitoring feeding practices (p=0.024, p=0.035) and increased consumption of iron and vitamin C was discovered. Fruits, vegetables, sweets, and SSB availability increased iron intake. Fruit availability (p<0.05) and fruit accessibility (p<0.05) were connected with vitamin C intake. Monitoring eating behaviors (p=0.017) was the only social factor connected with iron and vitamin C consumption. We found no correlation between iron consumption and physical and social factors, child eating behavior, or sociodemography. Conclusion: Only monitoring respondents' food habits affected their vitamin C intake. The role of parents in feeding is critical in ensuring that children consume an adequate amount of food. This involves monitoring eating practices to enhance children's micronutrient intake.

Abstrak :
Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang mempengaruhi penduduk di negara maju maupun berkembang. Penyebab tertinggi anemia adalah kekurangan zat besi. Anemia Defisiensi Besi (ADB) dapat menyebabkan gangguan perkembangan perilaku, kognitif, dan keterampilan psikomotori anak. Daun kelor dapat menjadi alternatif potensial dalam memenuhi kebutuhan zat besi karena memiliki kandungan zat besi 9 kali lebih banyak daripada bayam. Suplementasi bubuk daun kelor terbukti dapat menurunkan prevalensi anemia sedang dan berat berturut-turut sebesar 68,2% dan 77,9% pada anak-anak berusia di bawah 2 tahun. Pemanfaatan daun kelor sebagai tanaman obat yang memiliki berbagai manfaat bagi kesehatan umumnya masih secara tradisional. Rasa pahit pada kelor menyebabkan anak-anak tidak menyukai daun kelor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan formula sediaan sirup ekstrak daun kelor yang memiliki stabilitas fisik dan kimia yang baik. Ekstrak daun kelor diperoleh dengan Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE). Formula sirup dibuat dengan 3 konsentrasi propilen glikol sebagai kosolven dan pengawet. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa formula 1 memiliki stabilitas fisik yang baik, dan stabilitas kimia yang paling baik dengan kandungan zat besi yang paling tinggi yaitu 2,83 mg / 30 gram ekstrak / 100 ml sediaan. Kadar zat besi yang disarankan untuk anak adalah 8-10 mg/hari sehingga ekstrak yang dibutuhkan yaitu 84,80-106,00 gram ekstrak / hari dan dosis sediaan sirup yang dibutuhkan yaitu 283-353 ml/hari. ......Anemia is one of the health problems that affect people in both developed and developing countries. The highest cause of anemia is iron deficiency. Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) can cause impaired development in behaviour, cognition, and psychomotor skills of children. Moringa leaves can be a potential alternative in meeting iron needs because they contain 9 times more iron content than spinach. Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf powder supplementation can reduce the prevalence of moderate and severe anemia in the by 68.2% and 77.9% in children below two years. The use of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves as a medicinal plant with health benefits is still generally traditional. The bitter taste of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves causes children to dislike Moringa oleifera Lam leaves. The purpose of this work was to obtain syrup formula for antianemia using Moringa leave’s extract that has physical and chemical stability. Moringa leave’s extract was obtained with Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE). Syrup formula was made in 3 concentration of propylene glycol as a cosolvent and preservatives. Result of this study showed that formula 1 has good physical stability, and the best chemical stability with the highest iron content, 2.83 mg/30 gram extract/100 ml. The recommended iron level for children is 8-10 mg / day, so the required extract is 84.80-106.00 grams of extract / day and the required dosage of syrup is 283-353 ml/day

Abstrak :
Iron deficiency anemia is prevalent in Indonesia (38-71%), particularly among the pregnant women, despite of the large scale anemia control program launched by the government since 1970’s. The anemia control program included iron supplementation, nutrition education, food fortification, and parasite control. The results of the iron supplementation program is not yet as expected. Low compliance in taking iron pills was a reason suspected as the cause of the unexpected results. Several methods had been studied to increase the number of iron pills intake. However, the synthesis of hemoglobin is not only dependenton iron from the pills but also requires other blood forming nutrients from the diets. A two phase descriptive study was conducted to study the factors influencing the iron status of pregnant women in the second trimester participating in the National Anemia Control program in three subdistricts of Bogor district. The first phase was conducted for four weeks to obtain informations on hemoglobin and serum ferritin, socioeconomic condition, daily diet and nutrients intake, knowledge on anemia, on iron pills,and on Puskesmas Services, health behaviour, ante natal care attendance, and number of iron pills intake. The number of pregnant women joining the study was 456, they attended the ante natal care clinic of the Puskesmas of three subdistricts of the district of Bogor. The prevalence of anemia (Hb