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"Latar Belakang: Terdapat beberapa kriteria yang diajukan sebagai standarisasi evaluasi material restorasi atau teknik operatif secara klinis yaitu US Public Health Service (USPHS) dan FDI World Dental Federation (FDI). Kriteria tersebut membantu dokter gigi memberi keputusan dalam menentukan keberhasilan suatu perawatan terutama restorasi. Adapun metode fotografi dapat menjadi metode indirek dalam menilai suatu restorasi dan sudah digunakan dalam praktik sehari-hari. Dengan media foto digital dokter gigi dapat mengidentifikasi perubahan awal pada kerusakan restorasi yang tidak terlihat jelas secara klinis. Tujuan: Untuk membandingkan kriteria USPHS-modifikasi dan FDI dalam menilai restorasi GIC gigi sulung pada media foto digital. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian analitik komparatif dilakukan di Klinik Gigi Anak RSKGM FKG UI pada 40 restorasi GIC di gigi geraham pertama bawah sulung anak usia 4-9 tahun. Gigi dibersihkan dan dilakukan evaluasi klinis menggunakan kriteria USPHS-modifikasi dan FDI sebelum pengambilan foto. Data foto yang terkumpul kemudian dievaluasi menggunakan kedua kriteria yang sama. Data hasil penilaian klinis dan foto digital diuji secara statistik. Hasil: Perbandingan penilaian evaluasi restorasi GIC gigi sulung secara klinis dan foto digital menggunakan kriteria evaluasi USPHS-modifikasi menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda bermakna dan signifikan secara statistik. Sedangkan dengan kriteria FDI menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda namun tidak bermakna dan signifikan secara statistik. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan antara kriteria USPHS-modifikasi dan FDI dalam menilai restorasi GIC gigi sulung dilihat pada media foto digital. Penilaian evaluasi dengan kriteria FDI memberikan hasil yang lebih konsisten dengan penilaian klinisnya dibandingkan kriteria USPHS-modifikasi.

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Background: There are several criterias proposed as standardization for clinical evaluation of restoration materials or operative techniques, namely the US Public Health Service (USPHS) and FDI World Dental Federation (FDI). These criterias assist dentists in making decision to determine the success of a treatment especially restoration. The photographic method can be an indirect method in assessing a restoration and has been used in daily practice. With digital photo media, dentists can identify early changes in damaged restorations that are not clinically obvious. Objective: To compare modified USPHS and FDI criteria in assessing GIC restoration of primary teeth on digital image. Methods: A comparative analytic study was conducted at the Pedodontic Clinic, RSKGM FKG UI on 40 GIC restorations in lower primary first molars of children aged 4-9 years. The teeth were cleaned and evaluated using modified USPHS and FDI criteria prior to taking image. The collected photo datas are also evaluated using same criterias. Datas from clinical assessment and digital photo were tested statistically. Results: Comparison of clinical and digital image for GIC assessment on primary teeth using modified USPHS criteria showed statistically significant different result. Whereas FDI assessment criteria showed different result but not statistically significant. Conclusion: There is differences between modified USPHS and FDI criteria in assessing GIC restorations for primary teeth on digital image. Assessment using FDI criteria gave results that more consistent with the clinical assessment than modified USPHS criteria."

"ntroductionTypical Measurement Systems Sources of Variability: Noise Analog Filters: Filter Basics Analog-to-Digital Conversion: Basic Concepts Time Sampling: Basics Data Banks Problems Basic Concepts Noise Data Functions and Transforms Convolution, Correlation, and Covariance Sampling Theory and Finite Data Considerations Problems Spectral Analysis: Classical Methods Introduction The Fourier Transform: Fourier Series Analysis Aperiodic Functions MATLAB Implementation: Direct FFT Truncated Fourier Analysis: Data Windowing MATLAB Implementation: Window Functions Power Spectrum MATLAB Implement."

"Creating new medical ontologies for image annotation focuses on the problem of the medical images automatic annotation process, which is solved in an original manner by the authors. All the steps of this process are described in detail with algorithms, experiments and results. In addition, the authors treat the problem of creating ontologies in an automatic way, starting from Medical Subject Headings (MESH). They have presented some efficient and relevant annotation models and also the basics of the annotation model used by the proposed system, cross media relevance models. Based on a text query the system will retrieve the images that contain objects described by the keywords."

"The book, written by expert pediatricians and radiologists, is divided into ten chapters covering neurology, cardiology, neonatology, interventional radiology, the abdomen, the musculoskeletal system, the thorax, the genitourinary system, the fetus, and emergencies. Each chapter comprises ten cases that are presented in a standard way. After discussion of the disorder in question, four representative images are displayed and described with special attention to distinctive features. In addition, informative key references are provided, including a book or book chapter, a web link, and ten recent articles. "

"At the heart of every medical imaging technology is a sophisticated mathematical model of the measurement process and an algorithm to reconstruct an image from the measured data. This book provides a firm foundation in the mathematical tools used to model the measurements and derive the reconstruction algorithms used in most imaging modalities in current use. In the process, it also covers many important analytic concepts, and techniques used in Fourier analysis, integral equations, sampling theory, and noise analysis.This text uses X-ray computed tomography as a "pedagogical machine" to illustrate important ideas and incorporates extensive discussions of background material making the more advanced mathematical topics accessible to readers with a less formal mathematical education. The mathematical concepts are illuminated with over 200 illustrations and numerous exercises.New to the second edition are a chapter on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a revised section on the relationship between the continuum and discrete Fourier transforms, a new section on Grangreat formula, an improved description of the gridding method, and a new section on noise analysis in MRI."

"The 28 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on EP simulation challenge, motion tracking challenge, segmentation challenge, and regular papers."

"Latar Belakang: Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) adalah kelainan kelenjar Meibom yang bersifat kronik dan difus, ditandai oleh obstruksi duktus terminalis dan atau perubahan kualitatif serta kuantitatif sekresi kelenjar. Kelainan ini sering ditemui di praktik klinis dan merupakan penyebab utama Dry Eye Disease (DED). Meibografi adalah studi pencitraan yang khusus menilai morfologi kelenjar Meibom secara in vivo. Meibografi penting dilakukan rutin untuk diagnosis, evaluasi terapi dan alat edukasi pasien. Meibografi selama ini menggunakan teknik inframerah tetapi alat mahal dan tidak selalu tersedia. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitas teknik meibografi filter merah oleh smartphone dibandingkan dengan meibografi inframerah dalam menilai MG (Meibomian Gland) dropout. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sebanyak 35 orang (68 mata) dengan kecurigaan MGD berdasarkan keluhan dan kelainan morfologi kelopak dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Kelenjar Meibom subjek penelitian difoto menggunakan dua jenis smartphone (Samsung S9 dan iPhone XR) pada slitlamp yang ditambahkan filter merah. Gambar yang dihasilkan kemudian dinilai secara subjektif menggunakan meiboscore oleh dua orang penilai dan persentase dropout dinilai dengan aplikasi komputer ImageJ. Hasil: Tidak ada kesesuaian penilaian meiboscore antara teknik meibografi filter merah oleh kedua merk smartphone dengan meibografi inframerah. Kesesuaian kedua teknik dalam penilaian persentase dropout menggunakan ImageJ menunjukkan nilai kesesuaian yang rendah. Namun, terdapat korelasi positif antara meiboscore dengan persentase dropout menggunakan ImageJ pada teknik meibografi filter merah oleh kedua jenis smartphone walaupun nilai korelasinya lemah. Inter-rater reliability penilaian meiboscore teknik meibografi filter merah menunjukkan tidak ada kesesuaian antara kedua penilai. Intra-rater reliability penilaian meiboscore dari teknik meibografi filter merah oleh smartphone Samsung dan iPhone menunjukkan kesesuaian yang lemah pada penilai 1 dan tidak ada kesesuaian pada penilai 2. Kesimpulan: Validitas dan reliabilitas teknik meibografi filter merah oleh smartphone kurang baik dalam menilai dropout dibandingkan dengan meibografi inframerah. Nilai intra- dan inter-rater reliability yang rendah pada semua teknik pemeriksaan meibografi menunjukkan perlunya penelitian lanjut tentang penilaian subjektif.

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Background: Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) is defined as a diffuse abnormality of the Meibomian glands initiated through occlusion of its terminal ducts and/or changes in the glandular secretion. MGD is one of the most common disorders encountered in ophthalmic practice and a leading cause of Dry Eye Disease (DED). Meibography is a specialized imaging study developed for the purpose of directly visualizing the morphology of meibomian glands in vivo. It is important to be performed routinely for diagnosis, treatment evaluation and educational tools for patients. However, up until now meibography use infrared technique which are costly and not readily available. This study aimed to compare the validity and reliability of red filter meibography technique by smartphone to infrared meibography in evaluating Meibomian gland dropout. Methods: This is an analytical cross sectional study. A total of 35 subjects (68 eyes) with suspected MGD according to symptoms and abnormality of lid morphology were included in this study. Meibomian glands of each subject were captured using two types of smartphone (Samsung S9 and iPhone XR) through slitlamp on which we added red filter in front of the light source. Images are rated subjectively using meiboscore by two rater and dropout percentage are rated using ImageJ applications. Results: There are no agreement in meiboscore rating between red filter meibography by two smartphones with infrared meibography technique. There is also minimal level of agreement between techniques in evaluating dropout percentages using ImageJ. However, there is positive but low correlation between meiboscore and dropout percentage using ImageJ in red filter meibography by two smartphones. Inter-rater reliability of meiboscore show no agreement between two rater. Intra-rater reliability of meiboscore from red filter meibography by Samsung and iPhone smartphone demonstrated a weak level of agreement in rater 1 and no agreement in rater 2. Conclusion: The validity and reliability of red filter meibography by smartphones was not satisfactory in evaluating dropout compared to infrared meibography. The low value of intra- and inter-rater reliability on all meibography techniques indicate the need for further research on subjective assessment."