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Abstrak :
Mineral dan Batubara sebagai salah satu komoditas industri yang berasal dari kekayaan alam Indonesia sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara merupakan pokok bahasan utama dalam studi ini. Produk legislasi yang mengatur tentang Mineral dan Batubara tidak berdiri sendir tetapi juga berkaitan dengan undang-undang lain meliputi Undang-Undang tentang Energi, Undang-Undang tentang Ketenagalistrikan, Undang-Undang tentang Penanaman Modal, Undang-Undang tentang Pengelolaan dan Perlindungan Lingkungan Hidup serta peraturan delegasi lainnya. Permasalahan terjadi ketika Pemerintah menerbitkan paket kebijakan untuk mengamankan ketahanan energi nasional melalui instrumen Domestic Market Obligation yang ditetapkan secara berkala tiap tahun oleh Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral guna mengatur jumlah kebuthan batubara dalam negeri, patokan harga, skema pemasokan termasuk kebijakan denda yang akan diterapkan. Studi ini akan membahas permasalahan mengenai perkembangan bentuk regulasi sanksi bagi produsen batubara yang tidak dapat memenuhi kewajiban DMO. Selain itu, riset ini juga akan mengulas analisis yuridis pengaturan sanksi bagi produsen batubara yang tidak dapat memenuhi kewajiban DMO. Selanjutnya akan dibahas pula mengenai dampak kebijakan DMO dan pelarangan ekspor batubara terhadap negara lainnya. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan bentuk regulasi sanksi bagi produsen batubara yang tidak dapat memenuhi kewajiban DMO cukup signifikan. Pemberian sanksi yang dilakukan tidak melalui asas pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan yang baik karena penetapan Keputusan Menteri ESDM tentang Sanksi DMO tidak memiliki alas hukum yang kuat. PP tentang Penetapan Jenis PNBP mensyaratkan instrumen hukum yang digunakan adalah UU, PP, Kontrak, atau Peraturan Menteri. Dampak kebijakan DMO dan pelarangan ekspor batubara mendapat respon penolakan karena kebijakan proteksionis ini dilakukan mendadak dan tanpa terencana sebelumnya. Selain itu kebijakan tersebut juga ditetapkan tanpa adanya konsultasi publik sehingga memicu banyak penolakan dari pemangku kepentingan. ......Minerals and Coal, as one of the industrial commodities derived from Indonesia's natural wealth as stipulated in the Law on Mineral and Coal Mining, is this study's main subject matter. The products of legislation governing Minerals and Coal do not stand but also relate to other laws, including the Law on Energy, the Law on Electricity, the Law on Investment, the Law on Environmental Management and Protection and regulations. Other delegates. The problem occurred when the government issued a policy package to secure national energy security through the Domestic Market Obligation instrument, which was set periodically every year by the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources to regulate the amount of domestic coal blindness, price benchmarks, supply schemes including fine policies to be implemented. This study will discuss the issue of the development of the form of sanctions regulation for coal producers unable to meet DMO obligations. In addition, this research will also review a juridical analysis of sanctions arrangements for coal producers unable to meet DMO obligations. Furthermore, it will also be discussed the impact of the DMO policy and the ban on coal exports to other countries. The study results show that developing a form of sanctions regulation for coal producers who cannot meet DMO obligations is quite significant. The provision of sanctions carried out is not through the principle of forming good laws and regulations because the determination of the Decree of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources on DMO Sanctions does not have a strong legal basis. Government Regulations on The Non-Tax State Income Types require that the legal instruments used are Laws, Government Regulations, Contracts, or Ministerial Regulations. The impact of the DMO policy and the ban on coal exports was rejected because this protectionist policy was carried out suddenly and without prior planning. In addition, the policy was also established without public consultation, triggering much resistance from stakeholders.

Abstrak :
Negara menaruh perhatian penting pada pertambangan batubara, dalam mengoptimalkan pengusahaan pertambangan batubara dengan bekerjasama dengan pihak swasta baik dalam dan luar negeri yang berbentuk Perjanjian Karya Pengusahaan Pertambangan Batubara (PKP2B). Perjanjian Karya Pengusahaan Pertambangan Batubara merupakan pola campuran (mixed) antara pola Kontrak Karya dan Kontrak Production Sharing, dimana dalam ketentuan-ketentuan perpajakan mengikuti pola Kontrak Karya sedang ketentuan pembagian hasil (Production Share) sebagai royalti mengikuti pola Production Sharing Contract. Pengaturan tentang Penyelesaian Sengketa apabila terjadi sengketa adalah melalui perdamaian dan melalui Arbritrase yang disetujui oleh kedua belah pihak dalam perjanjian. Sebagai perjanjian pemborongan berdasarkan pasal 1 601 KUH Perdata, Perjanjian Karya Pengusahaan Pertambangan Batubara (PKP2B) dimana pihak pemborong PT. Arutmin Indonesia harus memenuhi kewajiban prestasi untuk menyelenggarakan pengusahaan bahan galian batubara bagi pihak yang memborongkar yaitu Pemerintah Indonesia dengan menerima suatu harga yang ditentukan dalam perjanjian tersebut. Sebagai perjanjian pemborongan dalam praktek maupun dari kontrak, pengaturan dalam Perjanjian Karya Pengusahaan Pertambangan Batubara (PKP2B) mengatur secara jelas dan memenuhi syarat-syarat dalam hukum perikatan perdata.

Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai penerbitan dan pencabutan Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP), khususnya terkait dengan tumpang tindih IUP yang dapat terjadi baik antar IUP maupun dengan sektor lain seperti sektor kehutanan. Hal tersebut perlu segera diselesaikan karena dapat menimbulkan ketidakpastian dalam penanaman modal dibidang pertambangan di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian yuridis normatif menunjukkan bahwa penerbitan IUP dilakukan setelah pemohon atau peserta lelang mendapatkan Wilayah Izin Usaha Pertambangan dan memenuhi syarat untuk mendapatkan IUP. Sedangkan pencabutan IUP dapat dilakukan jika pemegang IUP tidak memenuhi kewajiban dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Terkait dengan pencabutan IUP PT Ridlatama Tambang Mineral (PT RTM) hal tersebut telah tepat, karena PT RTM tidak memenuhi kewajibannya untuk memiliki Izin Pinjam Pakai Kawasan Hutan untuk melakukan kegiatan pertambangan di kawasan hutan. Untuk mencegah timbulnya tumpang tindih IUP, dibutuhkan peningkatan koordinasi antara Pemerintah dan Pemerintah Daerah, baik yang sifatnya sektoral maupun yang sifatnya lintas sektoral. Selain itu peningkatan pengawasan oleh Pemerintah terhadap penerbitan dan pencabutan IUP yang dilakukan oleh Kepala Daerah di Indonesia juga diperlukan.

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This essay examines the issuance and revocation of Mining Business License (IUP), specifically related to the overlapping IUP which can occur either between IUP or with other sectors like forestry. The overlapping of IUP need to be resolved immediately seeing that it may cause uncertainty for investments in Indonesia’s mining industry. Normative juridical research results show that the issuance of IUP can be conducted after the applicant or bidders get Mining Business License Area and eligible as IUP holder. While the revocation of IUP can be done if the IUP holder does not fulfill the obligations under the laws and regulations. Related to the revocation of IUP PT Ridlatama Tambang Mineral (PT RTM), such decision was right, because PT RTM does not fulfill its obligation to have Izin Pinjam Pakai Kawasan Hutan to conduct mining activities in forest areas. To prevent the overlapping Mining Business License, an increased coordination between Government and Local Government is needed, be it sectorial or cross-sectorial in nature. Furthermore, the government must establish oversight towards the issuance and revocation of mining licenses by Regent and Governor in Indonesia.

Abstrak :
Birokrasi yang berbelit dan regulasi yang menghambat investasi masih menjadi keluhan klasik dunia usaha, pemerintah merilis Peraturan Presiden (Perpres) Nomor 91 Tahun 2017 tentang Percepatan Pelaksanaan Berusaha dengan harapan dapat memperlancar perizinan untuk pengusaha termasuk bagi usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM) setelah mendapat persetujuan penanaman modal. Salah satu sektor yang rentan dengan urusan birokrasi dan regulasi adalah sektor energi dan sumber daya mineral. Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral mempunyai tugas menyelenggarakan urusan pemerintahan di bidang energi dan sumber daya mineral untuk membantu presiden dalam menyelenggarakan pemerintahan negara berdasarkan peraturan Presiden nomor 68 tahun 2015 tentang Organisasi dan Tata Kerja Kementerian ESDM melaksanakan deregulasi dan debirokratisasi sektor energi dan sumber daya mineral khususnya penyederhanaan perizinan pertambangan mineral dan batubara untuk mendongkrak investasi dan menjadikan Indonesia sebagai negara terkemuka dalam kemudahan berusaha. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, melalui studi kepustakaan, dengan tipologi penelitian preskriftif kualitatif dengan menyandingkan data-data yang diperoleh dikaitkan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, penyederhanaan proses perizinan di sektor energi dan sumber daya mineral mampu mendongkrak minat para investor menanamkan modalnya di Indonesia. Bahkan, kepercayaan para investor ini mendapat apresiasi dari Bank Dunia (World Bank) dengan menempatkan Indonesia ke peringkat 72 di tahun 2018 dalam Kemudahan Berusaha (Ease of Doing Business/EODB) di Indonesia. Peringkat tersebut merupakan keberhasilan tersendiri setelah pada tahun 2017 hanya menempati posisi ke-91 atau naik 19 peringkat. ......Convoluted bureaucracy and regulation that hinder investment are still the classic complain in the business world, releasing the presidential regulation number 91 of 2017 on Acceleration of Doing Business, the government expects to ease permits for entrepreneurs such as micro, small and medium enterprises after acquiring capital investment agreement. One of the sectors susceptible to bureaucratic and regulatory matters is the energy and mineral resources sector. The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources has the task of administering government affairs in the field of energy and mineral resources to assist the President in conducting state government based on the presidential regulation number 68 of 2015 on the Organization and Work Procedures of the Ministry of ESDM carrying out deregulation and debureaucratization of energy and mineral resources sector, especially the simplification of mineral and coal mining license to heighten investment and to make Indonesia a leading country in the ease of doing business. This research is conducted using normative legal research methodology through the study of literature with the typology of qualitative prescriptive research by placing the acquired data side by side and then associating them with the legislation. The result of the research shows that the simplification of the licensing process in the energy and mineral resources sector is capable of heightening investors interest in investing their capital in Indonesia. The credence of the investors received appreciation from the World Bank by placing Indonesia 72nd in the 2018 ranking of the Ease of Doing Business (EODB) in Indonesia. The rank was a success because it was increased by 19 points in comparison with Indonesias 91st position in 2017.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kegiatan usaha pertambangan mineral dan batubara mempunyai peranan penting dalam memberikan nilai tambah secara nyata kepada pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional dan pembangunan daerah secara berkelanjutan. Mengingat hal tersebut, pengaturan dan pengawasan pemerintah sangat diperlukan khususnya pengaturan kerjasama usaha jasa pertambangan agar ada pembatasan dalam pengelolaan dan pengusahaan sumber daya alam di Indonesia oleh suatu pelaku usaha sehingga tidak merugikan kepentingan negara dan masyarakat luas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat bagaimana pengaturan Pemerintah dalam membatasi kerjasama dalam pelaksanaan usaha jasa pertambangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif yang menginventarisasi, mengkaji dan meneliti peraturan perundang-undangan dan data sekunder lainnya yang berkaitan dengan materi penelitian. Sifat Penelitian tesis ini, bersifat deskriptif analitis. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan metode analisis kualitatif. Pengaturan pemerintah dalam pembatasan kerjasama kegiatan usaha jasa pertambangan khususnya dalam pengaturan pelaksanaan kegiatan penambangan dan keikutsertaan anak perusahaan dan/atau afiliasinya sangat penting dilakukan untuk menghindari adanya transfer of profit, akan tetapi pemerintah sebaiknya perlu memperhatikan adanya perbedaan penjabaran ketentuan dalam UU Minerba dan peraturan pelaksananya, serta peningkatan pengawasan di lapangan, sehingga dapat tercapai kemandirian dan efektifitas pengusahaan di bidang pertambangan, serta memberi nilai tambah bagi perekonomian nasional guna mencapai kemakmuran serta kesejahteraan rakyat

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ABSTRACT
Business activities of mineral and coal mining significantly has an important role in providing value-added to national economic growth and development in a sustainable district. Given this, government regulation and supervision is indispensable especially for mining services business partnership arrangements that exist in the organization and undertaking limitation of natural resources in Indonesia by business actor effort to not harm the national interest and the wider community. The purpose of this research is to see how the arrangement limits the government in the implementation of joint cooperation in mining services business. Research methods used in this study is normative juridical research, study and analyze the legislation and other secondary data related to study materials. The nature of this thesis research is descriptive analytics. The method used to analize data in this research is qualitative analysis. Limitation of government regulation in mining services business activities of cooperation in particular in the implementation of regulation of mining activities and participation subsidiaries and/or affiliates is very important to avoid any such transfer of profit, but the government should have notice a discrepancy explanation of the provisions in the Act Minerba and its implementing regulations, and increased supervision on the field, so as to achieve independence and effectiveness of the undertaking in the field of mining, as well as added value to national economy and achieve prosperity and welfare of the people

Abstrak :
Limitasi divestasi berjenjang merugikan negara sebagai pemilik tambang yang semestinya dikelola secara mandiri oleh negara sesuai dengan Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD NRI 1945, yang mengamanatkan bumi dan air dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung di dalamnya dikuasai oleh negara dan dipergunakan untuk sebesar-besar kemakmuran rakyat, pemanfaatan produksi tambang oleh investasi asing selama 10 tahun sudah sangat menguntungkan bagi para investor asing mengingat mineral dan batubara bukanlan energi terbarukan sehingga pengelolaannya harus dilandasi dengan prinsip kehahati-hatian mengingat prioritas hasil bumi adalah rakyat yang artinya harus dikelola secara mandiri dalam pembangunan ekonomi nasional. Namun yang terjadi adalah dalam melakukan kegiatan penambangan investor asing malakukan kegiatan produksi dengan metode tambang terbuka dan tidak terintegrasi dengan pengolahan atau pemurnian atau kegiatan pengembangan, pemanfaatan, kepemilikan saham pemerintah pusat, pemerintah daerah, BUMN, BUMD, atau Badan Usaha Swasta Nasional dengan presentase berjenjang 10 tahun setelahnya dengan cara bertahap tahun kesepuluh sebesar 5% (lima persen), tahun kesebelas sebesar 10% (Sepuluh persen), tahun keduabelas sebesar 15 % (lima belas persen),tahun ketigabelas sebesar 20% (dua puluh persen), tahun keempatbelas sebesar 30 % (tiga puluh persen), tahun keenambelas sebesar 51 % (lima puluh satu persen) sejak berproduksi,sangatlah menguntungkan pemilik modal walapun saham mayoritas dimiliki negara, hal tersebut dikarenakan mineral dan batubara bukanlah energi terbarukan, sehingga dampak dari tambang diperlukan pemulihan dengan jangka waktu yang panjang. Kemudian peneliti melakukan wawancara dengan PT Worldera Internasional Indonesia menyatakan bahwa kebijakan limitasi divestasi saham yang diperpanjang menjadi 5 tahun dengan total akumulasi pengelolaan sepanjang 10 tahun memberikan dampak positid bagi bisnis tambang, serta tetap dapat memberikan pemasukan bagi koorporasi terkait dengan pengelolaan tambang dan juga memberi nilai tambah bagi negara melalui sektor perpajakan, dan pembangunan ekonomi. ......The limitation of tiered divestment is detrimental to the state as the owner of a mine which should be managed independently by the state in accordance with Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which mandates that land and water and the natural resources contained therein shall be controlled by the state and used for the greatest prosperity of the people , the utilization of mining production by foreign investment for 10 years has been very profitable for foreign investors considering that minerals and coal are not renewable energy so that their management must be based on the precautionary principle considering that the priority of agricultural products is the people, which means they must be managed independently in national economic development. However, what happens is that in carrying out mining activities foreign investors carry out production activities using the open pit mining method and are not integrated with processing or refining or development activities, utilization, share ownership of the central government, regional governments, BUMN, BUMD, or National Private Business Entities with tiered percentages. 10 years after that in stages the tenth year by 5% (five percent), the eleventh year by 10% (Ten percent), the twelfth year by 15% (fifteen percent), the thirteenth year by 20% (twenty percent), the fourteenth year by 30% (thirty percent), the sixteenth year by 51% (fifty one percent) since production, it is very profitable for the owners of capital even though the majority shares are owned by the state, this is because minerals and coal are not renewable energy, so the impact of mining requires recovery by long period of time. Then the researcher conducted an interview with PT Worldera Internasional Indonesia stating that the divestment limit policy which was extended to 5 years with a total management accumulation of 10 years had a positive impact on the mining business, and could still provide income for corporations related to mine management and also provide added value. for the state through the taxation sector, and economic developmet.

Abstrak :
[Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 merupakan undang-undang yang dapat dikatakan cukup kontroversial bagi pertambangan mineral logam, karena merubah alur industri pertambangan logam tanah air menjadi tidak hanya mencakup kegiatan pertambangan semata, akan tetapi juga diwajibkan untuk perusahaan-perusahaan pertambangan melakukan kegiatan pengolahan dan pemurnian di dalam negeri dalam kurun waktu hanya 5 (lima) tahun saja. Keterbatasan infrastruktur di daerah-daerah, ketidaktersediaan listrik, serta kompleksnya birokrasi yang melingkupi perluasan bidang usaha lintas sektor antara pertambangan (hulu) dengan pemurnian (hilir) membuat hal tersebut menjadi terlalu sulit diwujudkan, ditambah lagi dengan inkonsistensi Pemerintah yang menetapkan kewajiban divestasi saham bagi Perusahaan Pertambangan Penanaman Modal Asing, dari 20% (dua puluh persen) di tahun 2010, menjadi 51% (lima puluh satu persen) di tahun 2012. Selain kedua hal tersebut, pada tahun ketiga sejak Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 diberlakukan, Pemerintah telah melarang kegiatan ekspor mineral mentah, akan tetapi mencabutnya kembali dan menetapkan ketentuan ekspor dengan tambahan birokrasi yang semakin panjang, sehingga menyebabkan investor pertambangan penanaman modal asing kehilangan waktu dan sulit dalam merealisasikan amanah Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 tersebut. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menampilkan fakta kesulitan-kesulitan yang dialami oleh PT. X selaku perusahaan penanaman modal asing dalam bidang pertambangan mineral nikel oleh karena kebijakan pertambangan yang tidak cukup berimbang. ......Law Number 4 Year 2009 could be considered as a controversy for the metal mineral mining businesses, since it has changed the scheme of domestic metal mineral mining industry to not only contains mining but also obliged the mining companies to conduct mineral smelting and processing domestically within period of only 5 (five) years. The limitation of infrastructure facilities within the counties, unavailability of electrical source, and the complexity of bureaucracies that facilitates such cross borders industrial sectors between the mining (mainstream industries) , and the smelting and processing (downstream industries) has caused such policy too unreasonable to be accomplished, moreover the inconsistency of the Government whom has stipulated the divestment terms for the foreign investing mining company, from 20% (twenty percent) in 2010, and re-stipulated it to became 51% (fifty one) percent within 2012. Apart from those two main issues herein, by the third year since the enactment of Law Number 4 Year 2009, the Government has banned the raw mineral export activities, however revoked such laws and enacted a new regulation of raw mineral export policies with additional/ longer bureaucracy’s mechanism process, therefore it has put the foreign mining investors within difficult circumstances to actualize the mandate of the laws itself. This Thesis intends to display the problematic facts that experienced by PT. X as a foreign investing mining company in nickel mining by the insufficient fairness of mining policies.;Law Number 4 Year 2009 could be considered as a controversy for the metal mineral mining businesses, since it has changed the scheme of domestic metal mineral mining industry to not only contains mining but also obliged the mining companies to conduct mineral smelting and processing domestically within period of only 5 (five) years. The limitation of infrastructure facilities within the counties, unavailability of electrical source, and the complexity of bureaucracies that facilitates such cross borders industrial sectors between the mining (mainstream industries) , and the smelting and processing (downstream industries) has caused such policy too unreasonable to be accomplished, moreover the inconsistency of the Government whom has stipulated the divestment terms for the foreign investing mining company, from 20% (twenty percent) in 2010, and re-stipulated it to became 51% (fifty one) percent within 2012. Apart from those two main issues herein, by the third year since the enactment of Law Number 4 Year 2009, the Government has banned the raw mineral export activities, however revoked such laws and enacted a new regulation of raw mineral export policies with additional/ longer bureaucracy’s mechanism process, therefore it has put the foreign mining investors within difficult circumstances to actualize the mandate of the laws itself. This Thesis intends to display the problematic facts that experienced by PT. X as a foreign investing mining company in nickel mining by the insufficient fairness of mining policies.;Law Number 4 Year 2009 could be considered as a controversy for the metal mineral mining businesses, since it has changed the scheme of domestic metal mineral mining industry to not only contains mining but also obliged the mining companies to conduct mineral smelting and processing domestically within period of only 5 (five) years. The limitation of infrastructure facilities within the counties, unavailability of electrical source, and the complexity of bureaucracies that facilitates such cross borders industrial sectors between the mining (mainstream industries) , and the smelting and processing (downstream industries) has caused such policy too unreasonable to be accomplished, moreover the inconsistency of the Government whom has stipulated the divestment terms for the foreign investing mining company, from 20% (twenty percent) in 2010, and re-stipulated it to became 51% (fifty one) percent within 2012. Apart from those two main issues herein, by the third year since the enactment of Law Number 4 Year 2009, the Government has banned the raw mineral export activities, however revoked such laws and enacted a new regulation of raw mineral export policies with additional/ longer bureaucracy’s mechanism process, therefore it has put the foreign mining investors within difficult circumstances to actualize the mandate of the laws itself. This Thesis intends to display the problematic facts that experienced by PT. X as a foreign investing mining company in nickel mining by the insufficient fairness of mining policies., Law Number 4 Year 2009 could be considered as a controversy for the metal mineral mining businesses, since it has changed the scheme of domestic metal mineral mining industry to not only contains mining but also obliged the mining companies to conduct mineral smelting and processing domestically within period of only 5 (five) years. The limitation of infrastructure facilities within the counties, unavailability of electrical source, and the complexity of bureaucracies that facilitates such cross borders industrial sectors between the mining (mainstream industries) , and the smelting and processing (downstream industries) has caused such policy too unreasonable to be accomplished, moreover the inconsistency of the Government whom has stipulated the divestment terms for the foreign investing mining company, from 20% (twenty percent) in 2010, and re-stipulated it to became 51% (fifty one) percent within 2012. Apart from those two main issues herein, by the third year since the enactment of Law Number 4 Year 2009, the Government has banned the raw mineral export activities, however revoked such laws and enacted a new regulation of raw mineral export policies with additional/ longer bureaucracy’s mechanism process, therefore it has put the foreign mining investors within difficult circumstances to actualize the mandate of the laws itself. This Thesis intends to display the problematic facts that experienced by PT. X as a foreign investing mining company in nickel mining by the insufficient fairness of mining policies.]

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penyimpangan terhadap pengaturan divestasi saham asing di perusahaan pertambangan mineral dan batu bara telah terjadi di Indonesia pada tahun-tahun sebelumnya, yang mana hal ini memberikan dampak kepada perekonomian Indonesia. Praktik yang digunakan untuk menyimpangi pengaturan tersebut tak lain dan tak bukan melalui konsep beneficial ownership yakni suatu konsep kepemilikan yang berasal dari sistem hukum common law mengenai pemisahan kepemilikan antara pemilik secara hukum legal owner dan pemilik sebenarnya beneficial owner . Skripsi ini membahas konsepsi beneficial owner, kaitan antara penguasaan tambang dengan kesejahteraan rakyat, urgensi pengaturan beneficial owner dalam kewajiban divestasi saham asing di perusahaan pertambangan mineral dan batubara, dan usulan pada pengaturan divestasi saham asing di perusahaan pertambangan mineral dan batu bara dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif yang mengutamkan data sekunder.

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ABSTRACT
Breach on the arrangement of foreign share divestment in mineral and coal mining companies have occurred in Indonesia in previous years, which has had an impact on the Indonesian economy. The practice used to distort the arrangement is nothing but the concept of beneficial ownership that is a concept of ownership derived from the common law system of legal separation of ownership between the legal owner and the beneficial owner. This thesis discusses the conception of beneficial owner, the link between mine control and social welfare, the urgency of beneficial owner arrangement in the obligation of foreign share divestment in mineral and coal mining company, and a recomendation on foreign share divestment in mineral and coal mining company by using juridical research method normative secondary data.

Abstrak :
Skripsi ini berisi tinjauan ekonomi dan hukum terhadap kebijkan pemerintah yang tertuang dalam Peraturan Menteri ESDM Nomor 34 tahun 2009 (Pengutamaan Pemasokan Kebutuhan Mineral dan Batubara Untuk Kepentingan Dalam Negeri/ DMO/ Domestic Market Obligation) dan Pertauran MEnteri ESDM Nomor 17 Tahun 2010 (Penetapan Patokan Harga Batubara/ Penetapan Harga Batubara) yang merupakan turunan dari Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 tentang PErtambangan Mineral dan Batubara terhadap Ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat. Indikasi permasalahan dalam skripsi ini adalah intervensi dari pemerintah yang melakukan intervensi terhadap mekanisme pasar dalam industri batubara di Indonesia. Selain itu dalam skripsi ini juga terdapat pembahasan dari pemasukan negara akibat dari adanya mekanisme tersebut. Skripsi ini juga berisi pembahasan tentang penguasaan pasokan batubara yang dilakukan oleh PT. PLN (Persero) sebagai akibat dari hak monopolinya. ......This thesis discusses about the economic and legal aspects from government regulation about Domestic Market Obligation as refer to Minister of Energy and Mineral Resiurces (MoEMR) Regulation No. 34 Year 2009 and Coal Price Benchmark as refer to Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources (MoEMR) Regulation No. 17 Year 2010. Both of this MoEMR are the Regulation under Law No. 4 Year 2009. This 2 MoEMR will be viewed from the perspective of Law No. 5 Year 1999 regarding prohibition on monopolistic practices an dunfair competition. The main problem of this thesis are the intervension from the government in the market of coal industry in Indonesia. Beside that, in this thesis also include cthe calculation of this nation income and also give an overviwew about the monopsony held by PT. PLN (Persero).